Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-145-169
I. Yatsenko, O. Parilovsky
The disposition of Article 299 Part 1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine provides criminal liability for animal’s cruel treatment, including for inflicting bodily harm in the injury form. However, regulations and sources of scientific literature don’t contain a definition of the animal mutilation concept and the procedure for its establishment. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the practice of forensic veterinary examination of animal’s bodily injuries, which resulted in injury. The article shows that the author's definition of "animal mutilation" is a persistent disorder of animal health due to injury or its consequences, congenital malformations, diseases, accidents that led to complete or partial loss of any organ or animal body part, or to the total or partial loss of only the functions of the organ or parts of the animal's body, which in the interaction of the animal with the environment may lead to permanent loss or significant limitation of the ability to provide physiological manifestations at the level of other animals of the same species(nutrition, reproduction, orientation and movement in space, coordination of movements, natural lifestyles, contact with other animals, self-defense, ability to perform useful work, etc.), and distorts the appearance of the animal due to mutilation of body parts due to deformation, and their physical absence. The purpose of a live subject with signs of injury forensic veterinary examination is to determine the location, nature, severity of damage to animal health, nature of the injury, the degree of disability of the animal in connection with the injury, as well as solving other tasks within the competence of forensic veterinary expert, as well as at the request of the body or person who appointed the expertise or involved the expert. It was stated that the forensic veterinary examination objects are live experimental animals in order to establish their mutilation, including victims of abuse or other illegal actions, as well as signs of congenital malformations, pathological conditions that developed during breeding, animal’s exploitation and transportation; accidents. It was found out that the subjects of forensic veterinary examination of the subject for the purpose of establishing its mutilation are veterinarians who have higher veterinary education, have been trained in forensic veterinary examination in the expert specialty 18.1 "Veterinary Research" and have the forensic veterinary expert qualification. When deciding on the infliction of an animal bodily injuries that caused its injury, the forensic veterinary expert must use the "Rules of forensic veterinary determination of the severity of damage to animal health" and the "Methodology of forensic veterinary examination of animals to determine their injury". Key words: animals, mutilation, injuries, ill-treatment, forensic veterinary examination.
{"title":"The practice of live animal’s forensic veterinary examination with signs of injury","authors":"I. Yatsenko, O. Parilovsky","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-145-169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-145-169","url":null,"abstract":"The disposition of Article 299 Part 1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine provides criminal liability for animal’s cruel treatment, including for inflicting bodily harm in the injury form. However, regulations and sources of scientific literature don’t contain a definition of the animal mutilation concept and the procedure for its establishment. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the practice of forensic veterinary examination of animal’s bodily injuries, which resulted in injury. The article shows that the author's definition of \"animal mutilation\" is a persistent disorder of animal health due to injury or its consequences, congenital malformations, diseases, accidents that led to complete or partial loss of any organ or animal body part, or to the total or partial loss of only the functions of the organ or parts of the animal's body, which in the interaction of the animal with the environment may lead to permanent loss or significant limitation of the ability to provide physiological manifestations at the level of other animals of the same species(nutrition, reproduction, orientation and movement in space, coordination of movements, natural lifestyles, contact with other animals, self-defense, ability to perform useful work, etc.), and distorts the appearance of the animal due to mutilation of body parts due to deformation, and their physical absence. The purpose of a live subject with signs of injury forensic veterinary examination is to determine the location, nature, severity of damage to animal health, nature of the injury, the degree of disability of the animal in connection with the injury, as well as solving other tasks within the competence of forensic veterinary expert, as well as at the request of the body or person who appointed the expertise or involved the expert. It was stated that the forensic veterinary examination objects are live experimental animals in order to establish their mutilation, including victims of abuse or other illegal actions, as well as signs of congenital malformations, pathological conditions that developed during breeding, animal’s exploitation and transportation; accidents. It was found out that the subjects of forensic veterinary examination of the subject for the purpose of establishing its mutilation are veterinarians who have higher veterinary education, have been trained in forensic veterinary examination in the expert specialty 18.1 \"Veterinary Research\" and have the forensic veterinary expert qualification. When deciding on the infliction of an animal bodily injuries that caused its injury, the forensic veterinary expert must use the \"Rules of forensic veterinary determination of the severity of damage to animal health\" and the \"Methodology of forensic veterinary examination of animals to determine their injury\".\u0000Key words: animals, mutilation, injuries, ill-treatment, forensic veterinary examination.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49592078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-81-91
M. Shevchenko, N. Tyshkivska, A. Andriychuk, O. Martynenko, T. Tsarenko
The results of optimization of the Staphylococcus spp. identification protocol by polymerase chain reaction with agarose gel detection and approbation of the protocol with wild strains selected from dogs are presented. Determination of the parameters of specificity and sensitivity of the method was performed on museum strains of cocci S. epidermidis ATCC 14990, S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus subsp. aureus UKM B-918, S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 and E. faecalis ATCC 194433. DNA extraction was performed using the IndiSpin Pathogen Kit. The ready PCR mix NEB OneTaq® 2X Master Mix with Standard Buffer was used to prepare the reaction mixture. Primers targeted to the tuf gene region using an amplification product of 370 bp were used for the study. The reaction results were recorded in a 2% agronomic gel with the addition of ethidium bromide at a concentration of 0.5%. The optimal annealing temperature was determined by the temperature gradient method. In a study of the specificity of the method, three museum strains of staphylococci were identified as positive, while strains of other cocci did not give reaction products. The sensitivity study of the method was to detect the amplification product in seven dilutions of bacterial suspension that meet McFarland turbidity standards, the lowest concentration was further diluted 10, 100 and 1,000 times. The last dilution, which showed the presence of the amplification product corresponds to 2×106 CFU in 200 μl of saline used for DNA isolation. PCR protocol was tested on wild staphylococcal strains. Ear and nasal swabs of dogs, as well as washes from the transfer cage were selected for the study. The primary inoculation of the material was carried out on mannitol salt agar, on this medium only the growth of halophilic microorganisms is possible. Growth was found on 17 Petri dishes. The PCR washings of these cups indicated the presence of staphylococci in the test materials. The results of in-laboratory PCR testing indicate that the primer we used gives high indicators of specificity and sensitivity. Our tested technique can be used to confirm the presence of Staphylococcus spp. bacteria in the primary culture of smears taken from dogs. Key words: PCR, tuf gene, approbation of primers, optimization of primers, dog microflora, Staphylococcus spp.
{"title":"Intralaboratory testing of the PCR protocol for molecular genetic identification of bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus spp","authors":"M. Shevchenko, N. Tyshkivska, A. Andriychuk, O. Martynenko, T. Tsarenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-81-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-81-91","url":null,"abstract":"The results of optimization of the Staphylococcus spp. identification protocol by polymerase chain reaction with agarose gel detection and approbation of the protocol with wild strains selected from dogs are presented. Determination of the parameters of specificity and sensitivity of the method was performed on museum strains of cocci S. epidermidis ATCC 14990, S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus subsp. aureus UKM B-918, S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 and E. faecalis ATCC 194433. DNA extraction was performed using the IndiSpin Pathogen Kit. The ready PCR mix NEB OneTaq® 2X Master Mix with Standard Buffer was used to prepare the reaction mixture. Primers targeted to the tuf gene region using an amplification product of 370 bp were used for the study. The reaction results were recorded in a 2% agronomic gel with the addition of ethidium bromide at a concentration of 0.5%. The optimal annealing temperature was determined by the temperature gradient method. In a study of the specificity of the method, three museum strains of staphylococci were identified as positive, while strains of other cocci did not give reaction products. The sensitivity study of the method was to detect the amplification product in seven dilutions of bacterial suspension that meet McFarland turbidity standards, the lowest concentration was further diluted 10, 100 and 1,000 times. The last dilution, which showed the presence of the amplification product corresponds to 2×106 CFU in 200 μl of saline used for DNA isolation. PCR protocol was tested on wild staphylococcal strains. Ear and nasal swabs of dogs, as well as washes from the transfer cage were selected for the study. The primary inoculation of the material was carried out on mannitol salt agar, on this medium only the growth of halophilic microorganisms is possible. Growth was found on 17 Petri dishes. The PCR washings of these cups indicated the presence of staphylococci in the test materials. The results of in-laboratory PCR testing indicate that the primer we used gives high indicators of specificity and sensitivity. Our tested technique can be used to confirm the presence of Staphylococcus spp. bacteria in the primary culture of smears taken from dogs.\u0000Key words: PCR, tuf gene, approbation of primers, optimization of primers, dog microflora, Staphylococcus spp.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47081843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-14-32
A. Kraevsky, O. Chekan, N. Grebenik, Y. Musienko, M. Travetsky, V. Dopa, V. Kasyanenko, A. Lazorenko
The article provides data on the causes and premature culling of cows. Extraordinary activities are a matter of productivity of cows, which significantly affect the efficiency of milk production in livestock farms. First of all, the number and intensity of manifestations of other pathological processes in the body to enhance the quality of milk (grade, bacterial contamination, etc.). The next factor in the economic condition of both an individual economy and the industry as a whole is the length of the productive period. Premature culling of cows entails damage from inefficient use of feed, costs for the unproductive period (from birth to 1 calving), losses from undersupply of calves and often loss of breeding value of the livestock. The aim of the work was to establish the reasons for the culling of cows, which affects the efficiency of the enterprise, especially at the age of 4-6 years (3-5 lactations). At the same time, we used the data of the Uniform-Agri accounting program of the Astarta-Kiev agricultural holding, statistical research methods, and the processing of the data obtained was carried out using a Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet processor. It was found that during 2017-2019. out of 47,282 16538 head retired, which amounted to about 35.0% of the total breeding stock, the largest number of retired cows was observed in the first lactation - 4602, which is 27.8%. In 37.1% of cases, obstetric and gynecological diseases and pathological conditions of the mammary gland were diagnosed. At the same time, 24.5% of culled cows were diagnosed with surgical pathology. In addition, 20.8% of cows dropped out due to metabolic disorders, due to violations of the parameters of keeping and feeding. The next step was to determine the proportion of cow culling due to obstetric (23.9%), gynecological (49.0%), surgical (59.1%) pathology and breast diseases (27.7%). It was also important that 30% of the culled cows had a diagnosis of maceration and mummification of the fetus or ordinary abortion. It should be noted that the vast majority of animals had obstetric, gynecological and surgical pathology at the same time. The culling of animals by age was: after the 1st lactation 31.9%, the 2nd lactation decreased by 12.6 %, and the 3rd, 4th and 5th and more lactations, respectively, by 3.0%. 2.9 and 4.3% Key words: cow, culling, obstetric, gynecological, surgical pathology.
{"title":"Reasons for culling cows from a productive herd","authors":"A. Kraevsky, O. Chekan, N. Grebenik, Y. Musienko, M. Travetsky, V. Dopa, V. Kasyanenko, A. Lazorenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-14-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-14-32","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides data on the causes and premature culling of cows. Extraordinary activities are a matter of productivity of cows, which significantly affect the efficiency of milk production in livestock farms. First of all, the number and intensity of manifestations of other pathological processes in the body to enhance the quality of milk (grade, bacterial contamination, etc.). The next factor in the economic condition of both an individual economy and the industry as a whole is the length of the productive period. Premature culling of cows entails damage from inefficient use of feed, costs for the unproductive period (from birth to 1 calving), losses from undersupply of calves and often loss of breeding value of the livestock. The aim of the work was to establish the reasons for the culling of cows, which affects the efficiency of the enterprise, especially at the age of 4-6 years (3-5 lactations). At the same time, we used the data of the Uniform-Agri accounting program of the Astarta-Kiev agricultural holding, statistical research methods, and the processing of the data obtained was carried out using a Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet processor. It was found that during 2017-2019. out of 47,282 16538 head retired, which amounted to about 35.0% of the total breeding stock, the largest number of retired cows was observed in the first lactation - 4602, which is 27.8%. In 37.1% of cases, obstetric and gynecological diseases and pathological conditions of the mammary gland were diagnosed. At the same time, 24.5% of culled cows were diagnosed with surgical pathology. In addition, 20.8% of cows dropped out due to metabolic disorders, due to violations of the parameters of keeping and feeding. The next step was to determine the proportion of cow culling due to obstetric (23.9%), gynecological (49.0%), surgical (59.1%) pathology and breast diseases (27.7%). It was also important that 30% of the culled cows had a diagnosis of maceration and mummification of the fetus or ordinary abortion. It should be noted that the vast majority of animals had obstetric, gynecological and surgical pathology at the same time. The culling of animals by age was: after the 1st lactation 31.9%, the 2nd lactation decreased by 12.6 %, and the 3rd, 4th and 5th and more lactations, respectively, by 3.0%. 2.9 and 4.3%\u0000Key words: cow, culling, obstetric, gynecological, surgical pathology.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-179-187
V. Chemerovskiy, S. Rublenko, M. Ilnitskiy, V. Koziy, M. Chornozub
The study of the structure of morbidity or individual nosological groups of diseases involves not only establishing the degree of their prevalence, but also, depending on the methodology of such studies, makes it possible to identify the prevailing clinical and morphological forms, the objectivity of diagnostic algorithms and the effectiveness of therapeutic measures, which makes it possible to assess the state of the solution or another clinical problem, adjust the ways to solve it and improve clinical management and form directions for improving the market for therapeutic agents. The aim of the work was to establish the structure of the types of different clinical and radiological forms of comminuted bone fractures in dogs according to the principles of the international classification AO/ASIF. We performed a clinical and radiological assessment of comminuted fractures of long bones in dogs (n=24) with spontaneous bone injuries admitted to the Interdepartmental Small Animal Clinic of Belotserkovsky NAU, in which 26 comminuted fractures were diagnosed. The main forcing ship fractures were car accidents - 58.4%, alarming world causas unverified creatures of bloodshed - 20.8%, injuries caused by other creatures - 12.5% and 8.3% - falling from height. According to thestate factor, the removal from white grains is 70.8%, and in 62.5% - animal with weight of 11 kg, and in 54.2% - dogs of different breeds, while 45.8% were outbred. Comminuted fractures according to morphosegmental localization were: diaphyseal - 46.2%, metaphyseal - 42.3%, epiphyseal 11.5%. According to the principles of the international classification AO / ASIF, their largest share - 50%, belongs to type C, 46.2% - to type B and the smallest - 3.8%, to the simplest type A. Within the subgroups of the largest - 19.2 %, the proportion for subgroups B1, B2 and C2 turned out to be slightly less - 15.4% for C1 and C3 and very small - 7.8% and 3.8% for B3 and A2, respectively. Consequently, the morphosegmental localization of the typification of the type and complexity of fractures according to the principles of the AO/ASIF classification provides more detailed information, which creates the basis for the proposed choice of the most rational methods and means of osteosynthesis. Key words: osteosynthesis, reparative osteogenesis, femur, tibia, radius, ulna, humerus.
{"title":"Structure of comminuted fractures of long bones in dogs according to the principles of AO/ASIF classification (24 clinical cases)","authors":"V. Chemerovskiy, S. Rublenko, M. Ilnitskiy, V. Koziy, M. Chornozub","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-179-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-179-187","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the structure of morbidity or individual nosological groups of diseases involves not only establishing the degree of their prevalence, but also, depending on the methodology of such studies, makes it possible to identify the prevailing clinical and morphological forms, the objectivity of diagnostic algorithms and the effectiveness of therapeutic measures, which makes it possible to assess the state of the solution or another clinical problem, adjust the ways to solve it and improve clinical management and form directions for improving the market for therapeutic agents. The aim of the work was to establish the structure of the types of different clinical and radiological forms of comminuted bone fractures in dogs according to the principles of the international classification AO/ASIF. We performed a clinical and radiological assessment of comminuted fractures of long bones in dogs (n=24) with spontaneous bone injuries admitted to the Interdepartmental Small Animal Clinic of Belotserkovsky NAU, in which 26 comminuted fractures were diagnosed. The main forcing ship fractures were car accidents - 58.4%, alarming world causas unverified creatures of bloodshed - 20.8%, injuries caused by other creatures - 12.5% and 8.3% - falling from height. According to thestate factor, the removal from white grains is 70.8%, and in 62.5% - animal with weight of 11 kg, and in 54.2% - dogs of different breeds, while 45.8% were outbred. Comminuted fractures according to morphosegmental localization were: diaphyseal - 46.2%, metaphyseal - 42.3%, epiphyseal 11.5%. According to the principles of the international classification AO / ASIF, their largest share - 50%, belongs to type C, 46.2% - to type B and the smallest - 3.8%, to the simplest type A. Within the subgroups of the largest - 19.2 %, the proportion for subgroups B1, B2 and C2 turned out to be slightly less - 15.4% for C1 and C3 and very small - 7.8% and 3.8% for B3 and A2, respectively. Consequently, the morphosegmental localization of the typification of the type and complexity of fractures according to the principles of the AO/ASIF classification provides more detailed information, which creates the basis for the proposed choice of the most rational methods and means of osteosynthesis.\u0000Key words: osteosynthesis, reparative osteogenesis, femur, tibia, radius, ulna, humerus.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-6-13
S. Vlasenko, O. Zhulinska, O. Yeroshenko
New criteria for cytological analysis of sheep vaginal swabs (cytovaginal examination) during sexual hunting, during the sexual cycle, after insemination and depending on the effectiveness of insemination have been developed. Cytological material was collected from the area of the upper vaginal vault using a sterile vaginal mirror, forceps and cotton gauze swab. Staining of brushstrokes was performed according to Gimza-Romanovsky. To improve the method of cytovaginal examination, the division of smear epitheliocytes into groups: functional, destroyed, non-nuclear and cells with nuclear pyknosis is proposed. In turn, among the functional cells it is advisable to distinguish between cells of the deep layers of the epithelium (basal-parabasal), intermediate and surface layer (superficial nuclear). The main types of ratio of particles of different groups and subgroups and their prognostic value in the mating season during sexual hunting are revealed. It was found that during the inhibition stage there is an intensive desquamation of the epithelial level, which was manifested by a 2.5-fold decrease in the number of basal / parabasal epitheliocytes and almost four - destroyed epitheliocytes. And already from the 13th day there is an increase in the cells of the functional level due to the proportion of cells of the deep and intermediate level. On the 18th day, the cellular composition of vaginal smears in sheep acquired characteristics characteristic of the stage of arousal. Thus, compared with the 6-8th day of the cycle, the number of destroyed epitheliocytes (p <0.001) and naked nuclei (up to 8.3 ± 1.6) doubled again (up to 12.0 ± 0.7) against the background of a decrease in 4 times (to the initial level) of cells with pyknosis of the nucleus. The main cytological sign of pregnancy from the fourth day after insemination was a 2.7-fold increase in the number of destroyed cells and "naked" nuclei. In the following days of the study, except for the 13th day, this difference ranged from 1.3 to 4.3 times (8.3 ± 5.4 to 14.7 ± 3.6%), compared with the corresponding figures in unfertilized ewes. Also on the 13th day after the introduction of sperm in fertilized females there is a tendency to increase the number of deep layer cells and the acquisition on the 18th day of a probable difference in the ratio between the number of deep and surface cells - 5: 1. Changes in the distribution of deep and surface cell particles in unfertilized animals indicate the manifestation of the next stage of excitation and the predominance of epithelial cell differentiation. In contrast, in pregnant females, the proliferation of the deep layers of the vaginal epithelium increased. Key words: ewes, sexual cycle, sexual hunting, vaginal smear, cytological composition, pregnancy.
{"title":"Cytological characteristics of vaginal smears in ewes during the sexual cycle and during pregnancy","authors":"S. Vlasenko, O. Zhulinska, O. Yeroshenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-6-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-6-13","url":null,"abstract":"New criteria for cytological analysis of sheep vaginal swabs (cytovaginal examination) during sexual hunting, during the sexual cycle, after insemination and depending on the effectiveness of insemination have been developed. Cytological material was collected from the area of the upper vaginal vault using a sterile vaginal mirror, forceps and cotton gauze swab. Staining of brushstrokes was performed according to Gimza-Romanovsky. To improve the method of cytovaginal examination, the division of smear epitheliocytes into groups: functional, destroyed, non-nuclear and cells with nuclear pyknosis is proposed. In turn, among the functional cells it is advisable to distinguish between cells of the deep layers of the epithelium (basal-parabasal), intermediate and surface layer (superficial nuclear). The main types of ratio of particles of different groups and subgroups and their prognostic value in the mating season during sexual hunting are revealed. It was found that during the inhibition stage there is an intensive desquamation of the epithelial level, which was manifested by a 2.5-fold decrease in the number of basal / parabasal epitheliocytes and almost four - destroyed epitheliocytes. And already from the 13th day there is an increase in the cells of the functional level due to the proportion of cells of the deep and intermediate level. On the 18th day, the cellular composition of vaginal smears in sheep acquired characteristics characteristic of the stage of arousal. Thus, compared with the 6-8th day of the cycle, the number of destroyed epitheliocytes (p <0.001) and naked nuclei (up to 8.3 ± 1.6) doubled again (up to 12.0 ± 0.7) against the background of a decrease in 4 times (to the initial level) of cells with pyknosis of the nucleus. The main cytological sign of pregnancy from the fourth day after insemination was a 2.7-fold increase in the number of destroyed cells and \"naked\" nuclei. In the following days of the study, except for the 13th day, this difference ranged from 1.3 to 4.3 times (8.3 ± 5.4 to 14.7 ± 3.6%), compared with the corresponding figures in unfertilized ewes. Also on the 13th day after the introduction of sperm in fertilized females there is a tendency to increase the number of deep layer cells and the acquisition on the 18th day of a probable difference in the ratio between the number of deep and surface cells - 5: 1. Changes in the distribution of deep and surface cell particles in unfertilized animals indicate the manifestation of the next stage of excitation and the predominance of epithelial cell differentiation. In contrast, in pregnant females, the proliferation of the deep layers of the vaginal epithelium increased.\u0000Key words: ewes, sexual cycle, sexual hunting, vaginal smear, cytological composition, pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-43-53
V. Dovgenko, I. Chekalin, V. Naumchuk, M. Savchenyuk, T. Tsarenko
Cat retroviruses, feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus cause diseases that have a wide range of clinical manifestations and forms of infection. Aretrospective analysis of data from the last three years in the studied hospitals showed that the infection of cats with retroviruses is 32.6% for FeLV and 13.6% for FIV from the number of infectious diseases. Such high rates indicate that one third of cats coming to veterinary clinics with infectious diseases are infected with retroviruses. These are primarily animals at risk that have free range. Early detection of such animals by a veterinarian is important for effective treatment and prevention of infection. We have adapted the algorithm for the diagnosis of retroviral infections in cats to domestic conditions and developed practical recommendations for veterinarians on the effective choice of laboratory methods for the diagnosis of retroviral infections. It was found that in clinics, the initial study of whole blood samples from infectiously infected cats was performed using commercial serological test systems VetExpert FIVAb + FeLVAg. After the results of the first stage of the study, the protocol of the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was tested. DNA isolation was performed using the IndiSpin Pathogen Kit. OneTaq® 2X Master PCR mix with Standard Buffer and specific oligonucleotides were used in the study. Proviral DNA was detected in 100% of blood samples for the respective pathogens FIV and FeLV. All animals that were pre-diagnosed with FIV and VLC infection at the first stage of diagnosis were diagnosed with proviral DNA and confirmed at the second stage of diagnosis. The use of the nested PCR method significantly increases the sensitivity and specificity of the study. The first stage of diagnosis allows a veterinarian to determine the infectious status of the animal on the basis of which to choose a treatment strategy and prevent transmission of the pathogen. The second stage of diagnosis allows you to clarify the previous diagnosis and establish the form of infection. The presence of a clear and understandable diagnostic algorithm is necessary for effective control of FIV and FeLV. Key words: polymerase chain reaction, feline viral leukemia, feline immunodeficiency virus, molecular diagnostics, retroviral infections, diagnostic algorithm.
{"title":"Prevalence and diagnosis of retroviral infections in cats","authors":"V. Dovgenko, I. Chekalin, V. Naumchuk, M. Savchenyuk, T. Tsarenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-43-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-43-53","url":null,"abstract":"Cat retroviruses, feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus cause diseases that have a wide range of clinical manifestations and forms of infection. Aretrospective analysis of data from the last three years in the studied hospitals showed that the infection of cats with retroviruses is 32.6% for FeLV and 13.6% for FIV from the number of infectious diseases. Such high rates indicate that one third of cats coming to veterinary clinics with infectious diseases are infected with retroviruses. These are primarily animals at risk that have free range. Early detection of such animals by a veterinarian is important for effective treatment and prevention of infection. We have adapted the algorithm for the diagnosis of retroviral infections in cats to domestic conditions and developed practical recommendations for veterinarians on the effective choice of laboratory methods for the diagnosis of retroviral infections. It was found that in clinics, the initial study of whole blood samples from infectiously infected cats was performed using commercial serological test systems VetExpert FIVAb + FeLVAg. After the results of the first stage of the study, the protocol of the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was tested. DNA isolation was performed using the IndiSpin Pathogen Kit. OneTaq® 2X Master PCR mix with Standard Buffer and specific oligonucleotides were used in the study. Proviral DNA was detected in 100% of blood samples for the respective pathogens FIV and FeLV. All animals that were pre-diagnosed with FIV and VLC infection at the first stage of diagnosis were diagnosed with proviral DNA and confirmed at the second stage of diagnosis. The use of the nested PCR method significantly increases the sensitivity and specificity of the study. The first stage of diagnosis allows a veterinarian to determine the infectious status of the animal on the basis of which to choose a treatment strategy and prevent transmission of the pathogen. The second stage of diagnosis allows you to clarify the previous diagnosis and establish the form of infection. The presence of a clear and understandable diagnostic algorithm is necessary for effective control of FIV and FeLV.\u0000Key words: polymerase chain reaction, feline viral leukemia, feline immunodeficiency virus, molecular diagnostics, retroviral infections, diagnostic algorithm.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48751942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-120-136
R. Kazantsev, I. Yatsenko
One of the objects of the forensic veterinary examination is the animal’s corpses, the death of which occurred suddenly, or from violent actions, including cruel treatment. A variation of the manifestation of cruelty to animals is their deliberate poisoning. Among the wide variety of toxic substances, pesticides, including rodenticides, occupy a significant place. The aim of the study was to develop an algorithm for forensic veterinary diagnostics and evaluation of dog corpses in case of their sudden death from poisoning with anticoagulant rodenticide – bromadiolone. The objects of the study were the seven dog’s corpses, on which a forensic veterinary examination was carried out for the period from 2010 to 2021 with a clinical diagnosis of acute poisoning with lethal fleeting consequences from poisoning with anticoagulant rodenticide – bromadiolone, established during life. The article shows that the general algorithm for the forensic veterinary examination of the corpse of an animal whose death occurred from poisoning includes the following steps: establishing a list of objects provided for research and information about their condition, conditions for conducting forensic veterinary research, applied methods of studies, their registration numbers (if any); study of the case and the animal’s death anamnesis circumstances; study of veterinary documents and individual case materials related to the examination or provided to the expert additionally at his request; forensic veterinary examination of an animal corpse; study of registration data; external examination of the corpse of an animal; internal examination of an animal corpse; additional studies of the corpse: chemical-toxicological, histological (cytological), microbiological, etc.; forensic veterinary diagnosis; synthesizing research; formulation of conclusions (results); formulation an expert opinion. The forensic veterinary diagnosis, established on the basis of the results of a forensic veterinary examination of the corpses of the dogs under examination, is formulated according to the established rubric structure: the main nosologicalunit and its fatal complication(internal bleeding – hematoperitoneum, hemothorax, bilateral pulmonary edema); accompanying nosological units (acute hemorrhagic gastroenterocolitis, acute hemorrhagic endocarditis, general anemia, congestive venous hyperemia of the kidneys, liver and spleen); background nosological units (undifferentiated hepatopathy and nephropathy, chronic pancreatitis, polyarthritis). The positions of the formulated forensic veterinary diagnosis indicate that they are generally characteristic of acute poisoning. The cytogram data analyzed in the article coincide with the data obtained during the forensic veterinary autopsy of animal corpses, indicating that the poison, from which the death of the dogs under examination occurred, belongs to the group of hemolytic toxins. A chemical-toxicological investigation of the contents of the stomach of
{"title":"Forensic veterinary diagnosis of dog’s fatal poisoning with anticoagulant rodenticide – bromadiolone","authors":"R. Kazantsev, I. Yatsenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-120-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2022-173-1-120-136","url":null,"abstract":"One of the objects of the forensic veterinary examination is the animal’s corpses, the death of which occurred suddenly, or from violent actions, including cruel treatment. A variation of the manifestation of cruelty to animals is their deliberate poisoning. Among the wide variety of toxic substances, pesticides, including rodenticides, occupy a significant place. The aim of the study was to develop an algorithm for forensic veterinary diagnostics and evaluation of dog corpses in case of their sudden death from poisoning with anticoagulant rodenticide – bromadiolone. The objects of the study were the seven dog’s corpses, on which a forensic veterinary examination was carried out for the period from 2010 to 2021 with a clinical diagnosis of acute poisoning with lethal fleeting consequences from poisoning with anticoagulant rodenticide – bromadiolone, established during life. The article shows that the general algorithm for the forensic veterinary examination of the corpse of an animal whose death occurred from poisoning includes the following steps: establishing a list of objects provided for research and information about their condition, conditions for conducting forensic veterinary research, applied methods of studies, their registration numbers (if any); study of the case and the animal’s death anamnesis circumstances; study of veterinary documents and individual case materials related to the examination or provided to the expert additionally at his request; forensic veterinary examination of an animal corpse; study of registration data; external examination of the corpse of an animal; internal examination of an animal corpse; additional studies of the corpse: chemical-toxicological, histological (cytological), microbiological, etc.; forensic veterinary diagnosis; synthesizing research; formulation of conclusions (results); formulation an expert opinion. The forensic veterinary diagnosis, established on the basis of the results of a forensic veterinary examination of the corpses of the dogs under examination, is formulated according to the established rubric structure: the main nosologicalunit and its fatal complication(internal bleeding – hematoperitoneum, hemothorax, bilateral pulmonary edema); accompanying nosological units (acute hemorrhagic gastroenterocolitis, acute hemorrhagic endocarditis, general anemia, congestive venous hyperemia of the kidneys, liver and spleen); background nosological units (undifferentiated hepatopathy and nephropathy, chronic pancreatitis, polyarthritis). The positions of the formulated forensic veterinary diagnosis indicate that they are generally characteristic of acute poisoning. The cytogram data analyzed in the article coincide with the data obtained during the forensic veterinary autopsy of animal corpses, indicating that the poison, from which the death of the dogs under examination occurred, belongs to the group of hemolytic toxins. A chemical-toxicological investigation of the contents of the stomach of","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69582989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-7-17
P. Skliarov, O. Zubkov
The postpartum period plays a crucial role in restoring reproductive function and, consequently, the milk productivity of cows. Its importance lies in the fact that it marks the transition from pregnancy and birth to lactation and preparation for new fruiting. The course of puerperium depends on the condition of the mother's body, the course of pregnancy and childbirth, feeding conditions, maintenance, care and operation. In this regard, the aim of the work was to develop a program for predicting the course of the postpartum period in cows. The development of the program for predicting the course of the postpartum period in cows was carried out with the participation and advice of employees of the Department of Veterinary Reproductology of Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy on the basis of "Peremoha AVK" MVC "Ekaterinoslavsky" Dnipro district of Dnipropetrovsk region. The study is conducted in the late dry period (last 2-3 weeks of pregnancy). Obtained by the results of clinical, laboratory (morphological and biochemical) and special (sonographic) studies, the evaluation parameters were part of the algorithm developed on the principle of database management system in MS Exel program – indicators for assessing the clinical condition of the animal, homeostasis, completeness of feeding and activity movement of the cow, the condition of her breast and fetoplacental complex (fetal weight, placental size, diameter of the middle uterine artery) and colpocytograms. Each indicator corresponds to two variants of objective values with their own scale. The conclusion is determined by the sum of points for all items of the program. To do this, you only need to enter certain information into the program that determines one or another option: the sum of scores 51- 100 indicates a low probability of pathological processes, less than 50 – high. The use of the program itself makes it possible to obtain objective information and timely take appropriate measures to prevent the occurrence and development of pathological processes, maintaining the health and life of women in labor. Key words: cattle, puerperium, reproductive function, forecasting programs.
{"title":"Predicting the course of the postpartum period in cows","authors":"P. Skliarov, O. Zubkov","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-7-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-7-17","url":null,"abstract":"The postpartum period plays a crucial role in restoring reproductive function and, consequently, the milk productivity of cows. Its importance lies in the fact that it marks the transition from pregnancy and birth to lactation and preparation for new fruiting. The course of puerperium depends on the condition of the mother's body, the course of pregnancy and childbirth, feeding conditions, maintenance, care and operation. In this regard, the aim of the work was to develop a program for predicting the course of the postpartum period in cows. The development of the program for predicting the course of the postpartum period in cows was carried out with the participation and advice of employees of the Department of Veterinary Reproductology of Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy on the basis of \"Peremoha AVK\" MVC \"Ekaterinoslavsky\" Dnipro district of Dnipropetrovsk region. The study is conducted in the late dry period (last 2-3 weeks of pregnancy). Obtained by the results of clinical, laboratory (morphological and biochemical) and special (sonographic) studies, the evaluation parameters were part of the algorithm developed on the principle of database management system in MS Exel program – indicators for assessing the clinical condition of the animal, homeostasis, completeness of feeding and activity movement of the cow, the condition of her breast and fetoplacental complex (fetal weight, placental size, diameter of the middle uterine artery) and colpocytograms. Each indicator corresponds to two variants of objective values with their own scale. The conclusion is determined by the sum of points for all items of the program. To do this, you only need to enter certain information into the program that determines one or another option: the sum of scores 51- 100 indicates a low probability of pathological processes, less than 50 – high. The use of the program itself makes it possible to obtain objective information and timely take appropriate measures to prevent the occurrence and development of pathological processes, maintaining the health and life of women in labor.\u0000Key words: cattle, puerperium, reproductive function, forecasting programs.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-203-214
S. Rublenko, A. Yaremchuk
Dogs are naturally characterized by a high level ofinjuries, which can reach up to 50 % of the total surgicalpathology. At the same time, abdominal pathology issignificantly common in this species of animals andsurgical treatment of the sepathologies is accompanied bya significant somatic and visceral pain response. The workwas performed at the Department of Surgery and Diseasesof Small Pets of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian Universityin the period 2015-2020. The material for the study wereclinically healthy and sick dogs admitted to the clinic ofdiseases of small animals of the university. Forming theclinical-experimental base for research, nosological formsof pathology and frequency of its occurrence were taken into account, attention was paid to the peculiarities of surgicalintervention depending on the species of animals, type andintensity of pain response and correctness of anesthesia.Visceral type of pain reaction was studied in dogs aged2 to 10 years, who underwent abdominal surgery. Somaticpain reaction accompanies bone fractures and their surgicaltreatment. Included in the study of dogs with fractures of thefemur or humerus aged from 1 to 10 years.High levels of endotoxicosis are characteristic of thepathochemical phase of abdominal surgical pathology in dogs,with the concentration in the blood of malonic dialdehyde(14.8 ± 0.55 μmol / l) and molecules of average weight isrespectively 1.6 and twice higher than normal. However,the lowest level was found under balanced acepromazineketamine-propofol anesthesia, with no probable changes inmolecular weight peptides and a slight increase in the level ofmalonic dialdehyde only 1.1 times (p <0,01).Acepromazine-butorphanol-propofol-ketamineanesthesia for somatic pain in dogs provides completeanalgesia with controlled and rapid recovery fromanesthesia without established probable changes during theoperation of spectral indicators of heart rate variability. Insomatic pain in dogs, regardless of the anesthesia regimen,the preoperative level of endotoxemia is preserved, andaccording to the spectral analysis of HRV and its sympathoparasympathetic balance index, 30 % of surgically ill dogsshow normotonia – 0.85–1.15, 27 – sympathicotonia (LF/HF>1.15), in 43 % – parasimaticotonia (LF/HF<0.85),which is the key criterion for selecting the appropriatescheme of anesthesia. Key words: heart rate variability, endogenousintoxication, anesthesia, dogs, types of pain reaction, visceralinnervation, somatic innervation.
{"title":"Dynamics of heart rate variability and the state of endogenous in toxication under different anesthesia regimens in dogs with visceral and somatic types of pain reaction","authors":"S. Rublenko, A. Yaremchuk","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-203-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-203-214","url":null,"abstract":"Dogs are naturally characterized by a high level ofinjuries, which can reach up to 50 % of the total surgicalpathology. At the same time, abdominal pathology issignificantly common in this species of animals andsurgical treatment of the sepathologies is accompanied bya significant somatic and visceral pain response. The workwas performed at the Department of Surgery and Diseasesof Small Pets of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian Universityin the period 2015-2020. The material for the study wereclinically healthy and sick dogs admitted to the clinic ofdiseases of small animals of the university. Forming theclinical-experimental base for research, nosological formsof pathology and frequency of its occurrence were taken into account, attention was paid to the peculiarities of surgicalintervention depending on the species of animals, type andintensity of pain response and correctness of anesthesia.Visceral type of pain reaction was studied in dogs aged2 to 10 years, who underwent abdominal surgery. Somaticpain reaction accompanies bone fractures and their surgicaltreatment. Included in the study of dogs with fractures of thefemur or humerus aged from 1 to 10 years.High levels of endotoxicosis are characteristic of thepathochemical phase of abdominal surgical pathology in dogs,with the concentration in the blood of malonic dialdehyde(14.8 ± 0.55 μmol / l) and molecules of average weight isrespectively 1.6 and twice higher than normal. However,the lowest level was found under balanced acepromazineketamine-propofol anesthesia, with no probable changes inmolecular weight peptides and a slight increase in the level ofmalonic dialdehyde only 1.1 times (p <0,01).Acepromazine-butorphanol-propofol-ketamineanesthesia for somatic pain in dogs provides completeanalgesia with controlled and rapid recovery fromanesthesia without established probable changes during theoperation of spectral indicators of heart rate variability. Insomatic pain in dogs, regardless of the anesthesia regimen,the preoperative level of endotoxemia is preserved, andaccording to the spectral analysis of HRV and its sympathoparasympathetic balance index, 30 % of surgically ill dogsshow normotonia – 0.85–1.15, 27 – sympathicotonia (LF/HF>1.15), in 43 % – parasimaticotonia (LF/HF<0.85),which is the key criterion for selecting the appropriatescheme of anesthesia.\u0000Key words: heart rate variability, endogenousintoxication, anesthesia, dogs, types of pain reaction, visceralinnervation, somatic innervation.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48698955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-117-125
L. Slivinska, H. Zinko, V. Vlizlo, M. Lychuk, A. Shcherbatyy, B. Lukashchuk, V. Fedorovucj
Diseases of the digestive system, especially of ounganimals, are widespread and cause significant material lossesto farms of all types of property. Therefore, it is importantto develop a complex treatment that affects all links ofpathogenesis, accelerates recovery and at the same timedoes not have a toxic effect on the body of young animals.There search was carried out in the farms of the Lviv region on black-and-white calves at the age of 1.5–2 months of age.The animals of the research groups were diagnosed withabomazoenteritis. Clinically healthy animal analogs served ascontrol. It was previously established that in calves patientswith abomazoenteritis, the bactericidal activity of bloodserum (BABS), lysozyme activity of blood serum (LABS)and indicators of the activity of phagocytosis of neutrophilsdecrease. The animals were treated with diet, antibiotic therapy,rehydration and vitamin therapy. In addition, the calves of oneof the research groups received the oral drug Selenium (SelPlex) and the intramuscular drug Germanium (Maxidin 0.4)as antioxidants and immunomodulators. The dat aobtained byus indicate that the use of these drugs in the complex therapyof patients with abomazoenteritis of calves contributed to theacceleration of the clinical recovery of calves (on average by2 days). The positive effect of the Selenium and Germaniumpreparations on the indices of nonspecific resistance was alsoestablished: BABS and LABS on the seventh day of the studywere higher (p<0.001) than in animals to which these drugswere not used and amounted to 41.0±0.51 and 19.5±0.45 %respectively. Similar changes were revealed as indicatorsof phagocytosis. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils (FA)was higher than the third (p<0.05), seventh (p<0.01) andfourteenth (p<0.01) days of the study. The phagocytic index(PI) of the seventh (p<0.001) and the fourteenth (p<0.001)day of research compared with the group of animals whereSelenium and Germanium were not used. The studies carriedout indicate that the use of Sel-Plex and Maxid in 0.4 in thecomplex treatment of calves with abomazoenteritis acceleratedthe recovery of animals, in particular through a positive effecton the indices of nonspecific resistance. Key words: younganimals, digestive disorders,Selenium, Germanium, phagocytosis, bactericidal, lysozymeactivity of blood serum.
{"title":"Correction of natural resistance indicators in calves with abomazoenteritis","authors":"L. Slivinska, H. Zinko, V. Vlizlo, M. Lychuk, A. Shcherbatyy, B. Lukashchuk, V. Fedorovucj","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-117-125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-117-125","url":null,"abstract":"Diseases of the digestive system, especially of ounganimals, are widespread and cause significant material lossesto farms of all types of property. Therefore, it is importantto develop a complex treatment that affects all links ofpathogenesis, accelerates recovery and at the same timedoes not have a toxic effect on the body of young animals.There search was carried out in the farms of the Lviv region on black-and-white calves at the age of 1.5–2 months of age.The animals of the research groups were diagnosed withabomazoenteritis. Clinically healthy animal analogs served ascontrol. It was previously established that in calves patientswith abomazoenteritis, the bactericidal activity of bloodserum (BABS), lysozyme activity of blood serum (LABS)and indicators of the activity of phagocytosis of neutrophilsdecrease. The animals were treated with diet, antibiotic therapy,rehydration and vitamin therapy. In addition, the calves of oneof the research groups received the oral drug Selenium (SelPlex) and the intramuscular drug Germanium (Maxidin 0.4)as antioxidants and immunomodulators. The dat aobtained byus indicate that the use of these drugs in the complex therapyof patients with abomazoenteritis of calves contributed to theacceleration of the clinical recovery of calves (on average by2 days). The positive effect of the Selenium and Germaniumpreparations on the indices of nonspecific resistance was alsoestablished: BABS and LABS on the seventh day of the studywere higher (p<0.001) than in animals to which these drugswere not used and amounted to 41.0±0.51 and 19.5±0.45 %respectively. Similar changes were revealed as indicatorsof phagocytosis. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils (FA)was higher than the third (p<0.05), seventh (p<0.01) andfourteenth (p<0.01) days of the study. The phagocytic index(PI) of the seventh (p<0.001) and the fourteenth (p<0.001)day of research compared with the group of animals whereSelenium and Germanium were not used. The studies carriedout indicate that the use of Sel-Plex and Maxid in 0.4 in thecomplex treatment of calves with abomazoenteritis acceleratedthe recovery of animals, in particular through a positive effecton the indices of nonspecific resistance.\u0000Key words: younganimals, digestive disorders,Selenium, Germanium, phagocytosis, bactericidal, lysozymeactivity of blood serum.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47467716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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