Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-158-167
A. Studenok
Regulation of metabolic and physiological functions of the whole organismis a complex neurohumoral process. Its functioning is supported by many organs and systems. One of the main roles here is performed by the autonomic nervous system. The mutual influence of its departments – sympathetic and parasympathetic, provide stable homeostasis and balanced work of all organs and structures. The sympathetic department is responsible for energy resource mobilization and adaptation. Without its influence, a rapid response of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems to the body's needs arising from changes in the internal or external environment is impossible. Dominant sympathetic tone provides activation of gluconeogenes is and glycogenolysis, lipolysis, etc. In contrast, the parasympathetic division is responsible for energy conservation and nutrient accumulation. Its dominant activity causes a decrease in heart rate, increase in pupil diameter depending on light flux, secretion of saliva and digestive juices, acceleration of motility of the gastrointestinal tract. However, to date, the existence of the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system on the content of proteins and their derivatives in the serum has not been studied enough. Proteins and their main components – aminoacids are indispensable in the construction and functioning of the whole organism of all living beings. Deficiency or absence of at least one essential amino acid can lead to disruption of various functional systems of the body, adverse health effects, and in the case of long-term deficiency and death. Studies to determine the content of amino acids in the serum of chickens with different dominant tone of the autonomic nervous system revealed different contents of individual cyclic and acyclic amino acids. The content of phenylalanine in sympathicotonic chickens differed significantly compared with the bird, which had a balanced tone (P˂0.05). In contrast, the tyrosine content was almost the same in all groups of animals. The amino acids leucine/ isoleucine and alanine were not significantly predominant in the different samples, but tended to be higher in sympathetic and vagotonic chickens. The study suggests that the dominance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system or their balanced tone on the content of amino acids in the serum of chickens. Key words: sympathicotonia, vagotonia, normotony, phenylalanine, alanine, leucine/isoleucine, tyrosine.
{"title":"The effect of autonomic nervous system tone on the content of cyclic and acyclic aminoacids in the serum of chickens","authors":"A. Studenok","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-158-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-158-167","url":null,"abstract":"Regulation of metabolic and physiological functions of the whole organismis a complex neurohumoral process. Its functioning is supported by many organs and systems. One of the main roles here is performed by the autonomic nervous system. The mutual influence of its departments – sympathetic and parasympathetic, provide stable homeostasis and balanced work of all organs and structures. The sympathetic department is responsible for energy resource mobilization and adaptation. Without its influence, a rapid response of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems to the body's needs arising from changes in the internal or external environment is impossible. Dominant sympathetic tone provides activation of gluconeogenes is and glycogenolysis, lipolysis, etc. In contrast, the parasympathetic division is responsible for energy conservation and nutrient accumulation. Its dominant activity causes a decrease in heart rate, increase in pupil diameter depending on light flux, secretion of saliva and digestive juices, acceleration of motility of the gastrointestinal tract. However, to date, the existence of the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system on the content of proteins and their derivatives in the serum has not been studied enough. Proteins and their main components – aminoacids are indispensable in the construction and functioning of the whole organism of all living beings. Deficiency or absence of at least one essential amino acid can lead to disruption of various functional systems of the body, adverse health effects, and in the case of long-term deficiency and death. Studies to determine the content of amino acids in the serum of chickens with different dominant tone of the autonomic nervous system revealed different contents of individual cyclic and acyclic amino acids. The content of phenylalanine in sympathicotonic chickens differed significantly compared with the bird, which had a balanced tone (P˂0.05). In contrast, the tyrosine content was almost the same in all groups of animals. The amino acids leucine/ isoleucine and alanine were not significantly predominant in the different samples, but tended to be higher in sympathetic and vagotonic chickens. The study suggests that the dominance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system or their balanced tone on the content of amino acids in the serum of chickens.\u0000Key words: sympathicotonia, vagotonia, normotony, phenylalanine, alanine, leucine/isoleucine, tyrosine.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-168-175
K. Boyko, D. Kibkalo, O. Tymoshenko, I. Furda
Rectal prolapse in piglets and sows is quite common inindustrial farms. This pathology is most common among pigsaged 77-98 days (36.4%). According to the literature, there isa number of different factors that are considered causal, butthe pathogenesis of rectal prolapse in piglets for fattening hasnot been fully established. Regarding this at the enterprisePE Agricultural Firm"Svitanok" a study of hybrid DYLpiglets, aged 78-125 days, with rectal prolapse, receivingpigs’ complete feed PCF-4 (Grower) was conducted, inwhich mycotoxins were detected in small quantities. In thisregard, the adsorbent INTox (manufactured by Novakorm) inthe amount of 2 kg per ton of compound feed was used.Itwas found that rectal prolapse in Agricultural Firm Svitanokwas observed in piglets of 2-6 months age in 0.4% of thetotal population, more often in spring (0.23% of piglets), thelowest number of cases was registered in summer (0.03%),gender,cough and diarrhea did not affect this pathologyprogress. The study was performed on two groups of piglets,one was fed with sorbent-free compound feed and the otherwith compound feed with the sorbent added. Piglets were keptin groups of 30 heads. Watering and feeding of animals wasprovided by a fully automated system of drinking troughs andfeeders, which met animals' needs for food and water aroundthe clock. The experiment lasted for 47 days. At the end ofthe experiment the number of cases of rectal prolapse wasanalyzed, clinical examination of animals and examinationof animal serum for mycotoxins were performed. Bloodsamples were taken from the cranial vena cava, bloodserum was obtained by the method of centrifugation. Thepresence of zearalenone, α-zearalenone, β-zearalenone, DON(deoxyvalenone, vomitoxin), aflatoxin B was determined inthe blood serum.In the study of pig serum for the presenceof mycotoxins (with and without the use of adsorbent) it wasfound that all serum samples do not contain deoxyvalene, andthe content of aflotoxin B1, zearalenone and α-zearalenonedoes not exceed normal. However, in the absence of adsorbentin the feed an increased concentration of β-zearalenone wasfound, which ranges from 3.98 to 5.28 nanogram per milliliter,i.e.it exceeds the value of the norm in all cases (up to 3.0nanogram per milliliter). With the use of adsorbent, whichwas added, the concentration of β-zearalenone in the serumof animals was within normal limits, and the percentage ofpiglets with rectal prolapse decreased from 0.85 to 0.45%. Key words: pigs, intoxication, β-zearalenone, INToxadsorbent, prolapse, bloodserum.
{"title":"Prevalence of rectal prolapse in piglets in the presence of mycotoxins in mash","authors":"K. Boyko, D. Kibkalo, O. Tymoshenko, I. Furda","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-168-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-168-175","url":null,"abstract":"Rectal prolapse in piglets and sows is quite common inindustrial farms. This pathology is most common among pigsaged 77-98 days (36.4%). According to the literature, there isa number of different factors that are considered causal, butthe pathogenesis of rectal prolapse in piglets for fattening hasnot been fully established. Regarding this at the enterprisePE Agricultural Firm\"Svitanok\" a study of hybrid DYLpiglets, aged 78-125 days, with rectal prolapse, receivingpigs’ complete feed PCF-4 (Grower) was conducted, inwhich mycotoxins were detected in small quantities. In thisregard, the adsorbent INTox (manufactured by Novakorm) inthe amount of 2 kg per ton of compound feed was used.Itwas found that rectal prolapse in Agricultural Firm Svitanokwas observed in piglets of 2-6 months age in 0.4% of thetotal population, more often in spring (0.23% of piglets), thelowest number of cases was registered in summer (0.03%),gender,cough and diarrhea did not affect this pathologyprogress. The study was performed on two groups of piglets,one was fed with sorbent-free compound feed and the otherwith compound feed with the sorbent added. Piglets were keptin groups of 30 heads. Watering and feeding of animals wasprovided by a fully automated system of drinking troughs andfeeders, which met animals' needs for food and water aroundthe clock. The experiment lasted for 47 days. At the end ofthe experiment the number of cases of rectal prolapse wasanalyzed, clinical examination of animals and examinationof animal serum for mycotoxins were performed. Bloodsamples were taken from the cranial vena cava, bloodserum was obtained by the method of centrifugation. Thepresence of zearalenone, α-zearalenone, β-zearalenone, DON(deoxyvalenone, vomitoxin), aflatoxin B was determined inthe blood serum.In the study of pig serum for the presenceof mycotoxins (with and without the use of adsorbent) it wasfound that all serum samples do not contain deoxyvalene, andthe content of aflotoxin B1, zearalenone and α-zearalenonedoes not exceed normal. However, in the absence of adsorbentin the feed an increased concentration of β-zearalenone wasfound, which ranges from 3.98 to 5.28 nanogram per milliliter,i.e.it exceeds the value of the norm in all cases (up to 3.0nanogram per milliliter). With the use of adsorbent, whichwas added, the concentration of β-zearalenone in the serumof animals was within normal limits, and the percentage ofpiglets with rectal prolapse decreased from 0.85 to 0.45%.\u0000Key words: pigs, intoxication, β-zearalenone, INToxadsorbent, prolapse, bloodserum.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-126-135
R. Sirenko, N. Tsvilikhovsky
The domestic cat has a predisposition to diseases of the genitourinary system. Among the diseases of the lower urinary tract in a domestic cat, the leading place belongs to cystitis. Among cats living in city apartments, compared with cats on free range, the diagnosis of idiopathic cystitis is 2.5 times more common . The lack of contact of the organism with the environment and threats has led to a decrease in the resistance of cats to stress. Prior to the publication of this article, there was no official information on the age and breed predisposition to idiopathic cystitis in domestic cats within the metropolis of Ukraine. We identified the following groups of pathologies: idiopathic cystitis, urolithiasis, bacterial cystitis and urethral plugs. 2 age groups of animals were formed - up to 6 and older than 6 years. The study involved domestic cats of 29 breeds. The study is retrospective and multicenter and it includes data obtained on the basis of outpatient journals of the network of Zoolux clinics from 09.10.2020 to 12.07.2021. A total of 384 clinical cases were used in the study, of which 44 were eliminated. Idiopathic cystitis was diagnosed in 256 animals (75.3%), of which males - 159 (62.1%) and females - 97 (37.9%). Domestic cats under 6 years of age (179 animals, 69.9%) most often suffered from idiopathic cystitis. Domestic cats of Eastern European breeds were the largest population among patients with idiopathic cystitis of cats of long- and short-haired breeds (138 animals, 53.9%). Key words: dysuria, stranguria, urocystitis, stress factors, urolithiasis, pollakiuria, lower urinary tract.
{"title":"Multicenter retrospective study on the prevalence of idiopathic cystitis in domestic cats within a metropolis","authors":"R. Sirenko, N. Tsvilikhovsky","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-126-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-126-135","url":null,"abstract":"The domestic cat has a predisposition to diseases of the genitourinary system. Among the diseases of the lower urinary tract in a domestic cat, the leading place belongs to cystitis. Among cats living in city apartments, compared with cats on free range, the diagnosis of idiopathic cystitis is 2.5 times more common . The lack of contact of the organism with the environment and threats has led to a decrease in the resistance of cats to stress. Prior to the publication of this article, there was no official information on the age and breed predisposition to idiopathic cystitis in domestic cats within the metropolis of Ukraine. We identified the following groups of pathologies: idiopathic cystitis, urolithiasis, bacterial cystitis and urethral plugs. 2 age groups of animals were formed - up to 6 and older than 6 years. The study involved domestic cats of 29 breeds. The study is retrospective and multicenter and it includes data obtained on the basis of outpatient journals of the network of Zoolux clinics from 09.10.2020 to 12.07.2021. A total of 384 clinical cases were used in the study, of which 44 were eliminated. Idiopathic cystitis was diagnosed in 256 animals (75.3%), of which males - 159 (62.1%) and females - 97 (37.9%). Domestic cats under 6 years of age (179 animals, 69.9%) most often suffered from idiopathic cystitis. Domestic cats of Eastern European breeds were the largest population among patients with idiopathic cystitis of cats of long- and short-haired breeds (138 animals, 53.9%).\u0000Key words: dysuria, stranguria, urocystitis, stress factors, urolithiasis, pollakiuria, lower urinary tract.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-82-88
Y. Dovhiy, D. Feshchenko, A. Berezovsky, T. Bakhur, M. Galat, O. Prykhodko, O. Pashynska
Antiparasitic treatment and prophylactic measures in dairy cattle breeding are often not carried out on time due to the opposition of managers and owners of farms. The rejection of the necessary treatments for dairy cows is caused by the forced disposal of a significant amount of milk during the withdrawal period of a particular preparation, during which milk contains residues of active substances and cannot be eaten by humans. The research aimed to determine new native Eprin® endectocide's (Brovafarma LLC) nematode and insecticidal effect during the cattle treatment. The active ingredient of Eprin® is eprinomectin (20mg/ml) from the genus of avermectins, it is not excreted in milk and even requires a 1-day withdrawal. Two experiments were carried out: in the first, the anthelmintic effect of the drug was tested; in the second, the effect on ixodid ticks and cutaneous parasites. The experimental groups consisted of black-speckled cows, 2–6 years old, weighing 450–550 kg. The drug was used at a dose of 1 cm3 /100 kg of body weight, subcutaneous injection, once. Laboratory parasitological studies were carried out using standard methods of scatological diagnostics and identification of cutaneous parasites. No local reaction in animals to drug administration was observed. As a result of the injection of Eprin®, five cows, affected to varying degrees by the nematodes Bunostomum phlebotum, Trichostrongylus spp., Trichuris spp., Dictyocaulus viviparus, Nematodirus spathiger, the eggs of these helminths after 10 days were completely eliminated from animal faeces, which indicates 100 % intensity and the extensibility of the drug. Likewise, three days after the treatment of seven cows whose bodies were originally found to have lice (Bovicola bovis), lice (Haematopinus eurysternus) and ticks (Dermacentor reticulatus/Ixodes ricinus), no more arthropod parasites were identified. Consequently, Eprin® has a lethal effect on typical bovine parasites, including gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes, lice, lice and ticks, without causing any side effects in the body of animals. Key words: eprinomectin, cows, helminths, ticks, sucking lice, chewing lice.
{"title":"Efficacy of Eprin® endectocide for use in cattle against nematodes and arthropod parasites","authors":"Y. Dovhiy, D. Feshchenko, A. Berezovsky, T. Bakhur, M. Galat, O. Prykhodko, O. Pashynska","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-82-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-82-88","url":null,"abstract":"Antiparasitic treatment and prophylactic measures in dairy cattle breeding are often not carried out on time due to the opposition of managers and owners of farms. The rejection of the necessary treatments for dairy cows is caused by the forced disposal of a significant amount of milk during the withdrawal period of a particular preparation, during which milk contains residues of active substances and cannot be eaten by humans. The research aimed to determine new native Eprin® endectocide's (Brovafarma LLC) nematode and insecticidal effect during the cattle treatment. The active ingredient of Eprin® is eprinomectin (20mg/ml) from the genus of avermectins, it is not excreted in milk and even requires a 1-day withdrawal. Two experiments were carried out: in the first, the anthelmintic effect of the drug was tested; in the second, the effect on ixodid ticks and cutaneous parasites. The experimental groups consisted of black-speckled cows, 2–6 years old, weighing 450–550 kg. The drug was used at a dose of 1 cm3 /100 kg of body weight, subcutaneous injection, once. Laboratory parasitological studies were carried out using standard methods of scatological diagnostics and identification of cutaneous parasites. No local reaction in animals to drug administration was observed. As a result of the injection of Eprin®, five cows, affected to varying degrees by the nematodes Bunostomum phlebotum, Trichostrongylus spp., Trichuris spp., Dictyocaulus viviparus, Nematodirus spathiger, the eggs of these helminths after 10 days were completely eliminated from animal faeces, which indicates 100 % intensity and the extensibility of the drug. Likewise, three days after the treatment of seven cows whose bodies were originally found to have lice (Bovicola bovis), lice (Haematopinus eurysternus) and ticks (Dermacentor reticulatus/Ixodes ricinus), no more arthropod parasites were identified. Consequently, Eprin® has a lethal effect on typical bovine parasites, including gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes, lice, lice and ticks, without causing any side effects in the body of animals.\u0000Key words: eprinomectin, cows, helminths, ticks, sucking lice, chewing lice.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69582903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-183-192
V. Dukhnitsky, V. Sokolyuk, A. Tishkovskaya, M. Tishkovskiy, I. Ligomina
The article presents the results of studies of the intake (oral administration), distribution and excretion of Tilmicosin Phosphate (active ingredient of the Tilmox 25%) from the body of healthy broiler chickens of the KOBB-500 cross. The rapid absorption of Tilmicosin Phosphate from the alimentary tract of the birds and its entry into the internal organs was established. The maximum content of Tilmicosin Phosphate was found in the lungs and liver. Only in 2 hours after the beginning of the Tilmox 25% solution application, which was 17.02 ± 0.24 and 12.78 ± 0.22 μg / g, its content in the kidneys after 26 hours was 8 25 ± 0.19 μg / g, pectoral and cardiac muscles after 52 hours - 6.19 ± 0.28 and 5.23 ± 0.39 μg / g, respectively. Consumption of Tilmox 25% solution by a healthy bird was not accompanied by the accumulation of Tilmicosin Phosphate (material accumulation), since its content in the internal organs and muscles of the bird did not depend on the duration of the drug use. During 96 hours of Tilmox 25% solution consumption by broiler chickens the maximum content of Tilmicosin Phosphate was detected in the lungs, which indicates its tissue tropism. The distribution of Tilmicosin Phosphate in maximum amounts to the lungs ("organ affinity" or "tissue tropism") is important when infectious agents are localization in the lungs of poultry, as well as for the treatment of patients with respiratory diseases of various etiology. The cessation of the use of Tilmox 25% was accompanied by a significant decrease in the content of its active substance, Tilmicosin Phosphate, in the organs under study. Twenty-four hours after the cessation of consumption the tilmox solution (120 hours of the experiment), the content of Tilmicosin Phosphate in the lungs was 1.9 times less, liver – 1.6 times, kidneys – 1.4 times, pectoral muscle - 1.7 times, cardiac muscle – 1.3 times less, compared with indicators on 96 hours of experiment. Five days after the cessation of feeding the tilmox solution to broiler chickens (216 hours of the experiment), the residual amounts of Tilmicosin Phosphate in the organs under study were: in the lungs – 1.20 ± 0.03 μg / g; liver – 1.01 ± 0.02; kidneys - 0.91 ± 0.03 μg / g. The lowest content of Tilmicosin Phosphate, during this period of research, was only in one of the three samples of the heart muscle – 0.02 μg / g, and it was not detected in the pectoral muscle. Key words: Tilmox 25 %, organs, distribution, accumulation, excretion, pharmacokinetics.
{"title":"Pharmacokinetic parameters of Tilmicosin Phosphate in the body of healthy broiler chickens","authors":"V. Dukhnitsky, V. Sokolyuk, A. Tishkovskaya, M. Tishkovskiy, I. Ligomina","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-183-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-183-192","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies of the intake (oral administration), distribution and excretion of Tilmicosin Phosphate (active ingredient of the Tilmox 25%) from the body of healthy broiler chickens of the KOBB-500 cross. The rapid absorption of Tilmicosin Phosphate from the alimentary tract of the birds and its entry into the internal organs was established. The maximum content of Tilmicosin Phosphate was found in the lungs and liver. Only in 2 hours after the beginning of the Tilmox 25% solution application, which was 17.02 ± 0.24 and 12.78 ± 0.22 μg / g, its content in the kidneys after 26 hours was 8 25 ± 0.19 μg / g, pectoral and cardiac muscles after 52 hours - 6.19 ± 0.28 and 5.23 ± 0.39 μg / g, respectively. Consumption of Tilmox 25% solution by a healthy bird was not accompanied by the accumulation of Tilmicosin Phosphate (material accumulation), since its content in the internal organs and muscles of the bird did not depend on the duration of the drug use. During 96 hours of Tilmox 25% solution consumption by broiler chickens the maximum content of Tilmicosin Phosphate was detected in the lungs, which indicates its tissue tropism. The distribution of Tilmicosin Phosphate in maximum amounts to the lungs (\"organ affinity\" or \"tissue tropism\") is important when infectious agents are localization in the lungs of poultry, as well as for the treatment of patients with respiratory diseases of various etiology. The cessation of the use of Tilmox 25% was accompanied by a significant decrease in the content of its active substance, Tilmicosin Phosphate, in the organs under study. Twenty-four hours after the cessation of consumption the tilmox solution (120 hours of the experiment), the content of Tilmicosin Phosphate in the lungs was 1.9 times less, liver – 1.6 times, kidneys – 1.4 times, pectoral muscle - 1.7 times, cardiac muscle – 1.3 times less, compared with indicators on 96 hours of experiment. Five days after the cessation of feeding the tilmox solution to broiler chickens (216 hours of the experiment), the residual amounts of Tilmicosin Phosphate in the organs under study were: in the lungs – 1.20 ± 0.03 μg / g; liver – 1.01 ± 0.02; kidneys - 0.91 ± 0.03 μg / g. The lowest content of Tilmicosin Phosphate, during this period of research, was only in one of the three samples of the heart muscle – 0.02 μg / g, and it was not detected in the pectoral muscle.\u0000Key words: Tilmox 25 %, organs, distribution, accumulation, excretion, pharmacokinetics.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-57-64
Y. Horiuk
Treatment of bacterial infections with bacteriophages is one of the alternative methods. However, the use of freely dispersed bacteriophages for treatment causes their inactivation under physiological conditions. Therefore, it is important to consider the concentration of bacteriophages in phage therapy. The aim of study – to determine the optimal titer of bacteriophage Phage SAvB14 in the drug Fagomast for the effective treatment of subclinical mastitis in cows caused by Stapholococcus aureus var. bovis. For research to determine the optimal therapeutic dose of the bacteriophage drug Fagomast in vitro, groups of animals were formed on the principle of analogues. Controls were animals treated with an antibiotic-based drug according to the instructions for use. Cows of the first experimental group were used samples of the drug with a titer of Phage SAvB14 10-7 BFU/ml, the second experimental group with a titer of 10-8 BFU/ml and the third group – 10-9 BFU/ml. It was found that all batches of Fagomast (81.8 - 92.8%) show good therapeutic efficacy, but the duration of treatment of animals was different. When using the drug Fagomast with a phage titer of 10-9 BFU/ml, it is shorter by 1 day than cows that were injected with a phage titer of 10-8 BFU/ml and 1.5 days compared with cows of the first group, which were injected with a phage titer of 10-7 BFU/ml. The results of the therapeutic efficacy of Fagomast with a bacteriophage titer of 10-8 and 10-9 BFU/ml in the drug are confirmed by the reaction with Mastidine, which after 48 hours was assessed as doubtful, and after 72 hours – as negative, as with antibiotic treatment. The content of S. aureus in the secretion of cows 12 hours after administration of the drug with a phage titer of 10-9 BFU/ml decreased 6 times (P ≤ 0.05), and after 48 hours 40 times (P ≤ 0.05), and after 60 hours of therapy did not stand out at all. The titer of bacteriophages remained at the level of 10-7 BFU/ml, and when the number of susceptible bacteria decreased to zero it decreased by 2 orders of magnitude. Thus, it can be said that maintaining a higher concentration of phage virions leads to better distribution of phages in the breast, and thus to improved binding of phages to host cells and their destruction. Key words: bacteriophages, Staphylococcus aureus, phagotherapy, bacteriophage drug, mastitis, cows.
{"title":"Determination of the drug Fagomast effectiveness with different titers of Phage SAvB14","authors":"Y. Horiuk","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-57-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-57-64","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment of bacterial infections with bacteriophages is one of the alternative methods. However, the use of freely dispersed bacteriophages for treatment causes their inactivation under physiological conditions. Therefore, it is important to consider the concentration of bacteriophages in phage therapy. The aim of study – to determine the optimal titer of bacteriophage Phage SAvB14 in the drug Fagomast for the effective treatment of subclinical mastitis in cows caused by Stapholococcus aureus var. bovis. For research to determine the optimal therapeutic dose of the bacteriophage drug Fagomast in vitro, groups of animals were formed on the principle of analogues. Controls were animals treated with an antibiotic-based drug according to the instructions for use. Cows of the first experimental group were used samples of the drug with a titer of Phage SAvB14 10-7 BFU/ml, the second experimental group with a titer of 10-8 BFU/ml and the third group – 10-9 BFU/ml. It was found that all batches of Fagomast (81.8 - 92.8%) show good therapeutic efficacy, but the duration of treatment of animals was different. When using the drug Fagomast with a phage titer of 10-9 BFU/ml, it is shorter by 1 day than cows that were injected with a phage titer of 10-8 BFU/ml and 1.5 days compared with cows of the first group, which were injected with a phage titer of 10-7 BFU/ml. The results of the therapeutic efficacy of Fagomast with a bacteriophage titer of 10-8 and 10-9 BFU/ml in the drug are confirmed by the reaction with Mastidine, which after 48 hours was assessed as doubtful, and after 72 hours – as negative, as with antibiotic treatment. The content of S. aureus in the secretion of cows 12 hours after administration of the drug with a phage titer of 10-9 BFU/ml decreased 6 times (P ≤ 0.05), and after 48 hours 40 times (P ≤ 0.05), and after 60 hours of therapy did not stand out at all. The titer of bacteriophages remained at the level of 10-7 BFU/ml, and when the number of susceptible bacteria decreased to zero it decreased by 2 orders of magnitude. Thus, it can be said that maintaining a higher concentration of phage virions leads to better distribution of phages in the breast, and thus to improved binding of phages to host cells and their destruction.\u0000Key words: bacteriophages, Staphylococcus aureus, phagotherapy, bacteriophage drug, mastitis, cows.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-97-107
L. Koreyba, Y. Duda
The study of changes in the system of metabolichomeostasis of dry-lasting cows in the winter-stable periodis important in maintaining their productive and reproductivestate whereas this periodis one of the most difficult for thebody, as the most stressful factors: lack of exercise and solarinsolation; the action of potentially pathogenic microflora andincreased level of gassiness in livestock premises; possibleinsufficiency in the nourishment of vitamins and macromicroelements. The action of stress factors causes metabolic disorders,which often occur without visible clinical features.The indicators, which changing of the state of energy,protein, vitamin and mineral nutrition of the animal body,are necessary to determine during monitoring.The dynamics of total protein content was determined bythe biuret method, albumin – by the reaction of bromocresolgreen, the activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases(ALT and AST) – by the Reitman-Frenkel method, theactivity of alkaline phosphatase and phosphate phosphatasecarotene content – photometric method, total calcium content– complexometric method and carotene content – photometricmethod in the blood of deep-boiled cows during the winterstable content.A decrease in total protein content was indicated incows with fourth calving in a month before calving up to76.08±2.47 g/l. Incowswiththe 4th and 6th calving, theprotein level was the lowest, in relation to other experimentalgroups of animals, and was 76.08±2.47 and 76.43±2.97 g/l,respectively. The fractional spectrum of globulins tendedto decrease in cows from the second to the fourth calving.Absolute values of ALT activity in animals with 3rd,4 rd and6th calving were 2-fold (p<0.01) lower than in the 2nd and5rd. There was also a tendency to reduce AST in older cows,but a significant decrease compared to the second pregnancywas found only in animals of the sixth calving (about 20 %).The content of total calcium in the serum of drylasting cows of all experimental periods of calving wasbelow the normal line and ranged from 2.15±0.29 mmol/lto 2.30±0.19 mmol/l. The content of inorganic phosphoruswith an increasing number of calving in dry-lasting animalsgradually decreased from 1.83± 0.19 mmol/l to 1.63±0.16mmol/l and approached the minimum limit of normal. Thecalcium-phosphorus ratio in animals in the second and thirdcalving corresponded to the minimum allowable values(1.2: 1). Increases in carotene content were observed at thefourth (0.46±0.09 μM/l), fifth (0.53±0.08 μM/l) andsixth(0.74±0.10 μM/l) calving. The index of acid capacity tendsto increase in cows with the third (412.73±15.37 mm/l)andfourth (385.00±12.17 mm/l) pregnancy. Key words: dry-lasting cows, winter-stable and drylasting period, blood serum, biochemical research.
{"title":"Age dynamics of biochemical parameters of the blood of deep-calving cows","authors":"L. Koreyba, Y. Duda","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-97-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-97-107","url":null,"abstract":"The study of changes in the system of metabolichomeostasis of dry-lasting cows in the winter-stable periodis important in maintaining their productive and reproductivestate whereas this periodis one of the most difficult for thebody, as the most stressful factors: lack of exercise and solarinsolation; the action of potentially pathogenic microflora andincreased level of gassiness in livestock premises; possibleinsufficiency in the nourishment of vitamins and macromicroelements. The action of stress factors causes metabolic disorders,which often occur without visible clinical features.The indicators, which changing of the state of energy,protein, vitamin and mineral nutrition of the animal body,are necessary to determine during monitoring.The dynamics of total protein content was determined bythe biuret method, albumin – by the reaction of bromocresolgreen, the activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases(ALT and AST) – by the Reitman-Frenkel method, theactivity of alkaline phosphatase and phosphate phosphatasecarotene content – photometric method, total calcium content– complexometric method and carotene content – photometricmethod in the blood of deep-boiled cows during the winterstable content.A decrease in total protein content was indicated incows with fourth calving in a month before calving up to76.08±2.47 g/l. Incowswiththe 4th and 6th calving, theprotein level was the lowest, in relation to other experimentalgroups of animals, and was 76.08±2.47 and 76.43±2.97 g/l,respectively. The fractional spectrum of globulins tendedto decrease in cows from the second to the fourth calving.Absolute values of ALT activity in animals with 3rd,4 rd and6th calving were 2-fold (p<0.01) lower than in the 2nd and5rd. There was also a tendency to reduce AST in older cows,but a significant decrease compared to the second pregnancywas found only in animals of the sixth calving (about 20 %).The content of total calcium in the serum of drylasting cows of all experimental periods of calving wasbelow the normal line and ranged from 2.15±0.29 mmol/lto 2.30±0.19 mmol/l. The content of inorganic phosphoruswith an increasing number of calving in dry-lasting animalsgradually decreased from 1.83± 0.19 mmol/l to 1.63±0.16mmol/l and approached the minimum limit of normal. Thecalcium-phosphorus ratio in animals in the second and thirdcalving corresponded to the minimum allowable values(1.2: 1). Increases in carotene content were observed at thefourth (0.46±0.09 μM/l), fifth (0.53±0.08 μM/l) andsixth(0.74±0.10 μM/l) calving. The index of acid capacity tendsto increase in cows with the third (412.73±15.37 mm/l)andfourth (385.00±12.17 mm/l) pregnancy.\u0000Key words: dry-lasting cows, winter-stable and drylasting period, blood serum, biochemical research.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-72-81
A. Lakhman
In many countries around the world, massive declines in bee colonies have been reported as a consequence of the multifactorial effects of exogenous and endogenous factors. The development of opportunistic infections in bees is due to an imbalance of opportunistic pathogenic microflora that colonise the midgut of insects. The problem of dysbacteriosis in various animal species, including bees, is of interest to veterinarians. Therefore, the search for new remedies alternative to antibiotics is a high priority in beekeeping. Probiotic preparations have been proposed as new and safe medicines for the treatment and prevention of dysbacteriosis in human and veterinary medicine. Probiotics are products containing live micro-organisms that are able, in a certain dosage, to influence the macro-organism effectively. The application of such therapeutic additives to insects is preceded by their preliminary in vitro testing. Therefore, the main aim o the study was to determine the direction of action (bacteriostatic, bactericidal, antagonistic) of «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES», diluted with sugar syrup solution and water in different concentrations, against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes bacteria and on mixed microbialas sociation in vitro. An in vitro experiment on the above probiotic agent was carried by diffusion in agar wells (well method) and a modified KirbyBauer method for the beekeeping industry (disk diffusion method). Bacteriostatic, bactericidal and antagonistic effects were determined visually and by measuring diameter of the are aaround the discs and wells. The bacteriostatic effect of probiotic microorganisms against enterobacteriaceae of Klebsiella pneumoniae species was recorded to be maintained at the same level when diluted with 50 % sugar syrup solution in concentrations from 0.5 % to 30 %. «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES» diluted with water had pronounced antagonistic effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria by diffusion in agar wells method at concentrations of 0.5 % - 75,4±1,04 mm and 1% - 61,2±0,42 mm on the third day of the experiment. By diluting the probiotic with 50% sugar syrup solution, inhibition of the growth of Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes bacteria was observed in concentrations of up to 50%, ranging from 18,2±0,42 mm to 25,4±0,45 mm (disk diffusion method). Bactericidal effect of «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES» diluted with water against mixed microbial association isolated from bee colonies with signs of intestinal disorders was observed at a concentration of 10% with a diameter of 18,6±0,57 mm by the disk diffusion method. Thus, «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES» has antagonistic, bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against enterobacteriaceae of bees Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes species and agaist mixed microbial associations. The nature of the action of this probiotic depends on the solvent and its concentration, which in turn determines the direction and purpose of its applicati
{"title":"Determination of the direction of action of «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES» against bee dysbacteriosis pathogens in vitro","authors":"A. Lakhman","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-72-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-72-81","url":null,"abstract":"In many countries around the world, massive declines in bee colonies have been reported as a consequence of the multifactorial effects of exogenous and endogenous factors. The development of opportunistic infections in bees is due to an imbalance of opportunistic pathogenic microflora that colonise the midgut of insects. The problem of dysbacteriosis in various animal species, including bees, is of interest to veterinarians. Therefore, the search for new remedies alternative to antibiotics is a high priority in beekeeping. Probiotic preparations have been proposed as new and safe medicines for the treatment and prevention of dysbacteriosis in human and veterinary medicine. Probiotics are products containing live micro-organisms that are able, in a certain dosage, to influence the macro-organism effectively. The application of such therapeutic additives to insects is preceded by their preliminary in vitro testing. Therefore, the main aim o the study was to determine the direction of action (bacteriostatic, bactericidal, antagonistic) of «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES», diluted with sugar syrup solution and water in different concentrations, against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes bacteria and on mixed microbialas sociation in vitro. An in vitro experiment on the above probiotic agent was carried by diffusion in agar wells (well method) and a modified KirbyBauer method for the beekeeping industry (disk diffusion method). Bacteriostatic, bactericidal and antagonistic effects were determined visually and by measuring diameter of the are aaround the discs and wells. The bacteriostatic effect of probiotic microorganisms against enterobacteriaceae of Klebsiella pneumoniae species was recorded to be maintained at the same level when diluted with 50 % sugar syrup solution in concentrations from 0.5 % to 30 %. «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES» diluted with water had pronounced antagonistic effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria by diffusion in agar wells method at concentrations of 0.5 % - 75,4±1,04 mm and 1% - 61,2±0,42 mm on the third day of the experiment. By diluting the probiotic with 50% sugar syrup solution, inhibition of the growth of Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes bacteria was observed in concentrations of up to 50%, ranging from 18,2±0,42 mm to 25,4±0,45 mm (disk diffusion method). Bactericidal effect of «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES» diluted with water against mixed microbial association isolated from bee colonies with signs of intestinal disorders was observed at a concentration of 10% with a diameter of 18,6±0,57 mm by the disk diffusion method. Thus, «EM® PROBIOTIC FOR BEES» has antagonistic, bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against enterobacteriaceae of bees Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes species and agaist mixed microbial associations. The nature of the action of this probiotic depends on the solvent and its concentration, which in turn determines the direction and purpose of its applicati","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69582891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-165-1-129-139
L. Solovіova, I. Ligomina, S. Rublenko
The materials of the presented research cover the issues of the spread of cestodes of cats in the Solomyansky district of Kyiv (according to the veterinary clinic Vet Alliance). After analyzing the relevant scientific literature, the epizootic situation of dipilidiosis and mesocestoidosis of cats in the metropolis was analyzed. Studies have shown that more than 50 % of parasitic diseases in cats occur in associated forms, among which the most common are toxocariasis, dipilidiosis, mesocestoidosis, ktenocephalidosis (flea infestation) and otodectosis. The monoform of invasions occurred only in 14.7 % of registered cases. The spread of diplidiosis and mesocestoidosis was characterized by seasonality – the peak of the lesion cats were observed in September-October. The most susceptible to infection Dipylidium caninum and Mesocestoides lineatus were kittens under the age of six months. The clinical condition and hematological parameters of kittens with dipilidiosis were also studied. Depression, anemia of the conjunctiva and mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, indigestion, dry cough were found. All cats had dull fur, and numerous dark brown spots and live fleas were observed on the skin, especially in the lumbar region. These data indicate a violation of erythropoiesis in feline dipilidiosis, which was characterized by erythrocytopenia and leukocytosis. Significant eosinophilia, an increase in the number of rod-shaped, and a decrease in segmental neutrophils were also found compared with clinically healthy animals. The results of biochemical blood tests of sick cats were important to clarify the features of the pathogenesis of dipilidiosis. Changes in blood biochemical parameters were characterized by a probably reduced content of hemoglobin, total protein and albumin. This indicates not only a violation of erythropoiesis, but also a violation of the protein-synthesizing function of the liver, because the pathological process involves various organs and systems of the body. Key words: feline dipilidiosis, feline mesocestoidosis, prevalence, clinical condition, hematological parameters, pulse rate, mucosal anemia, indigestion.
{"title":"Dissemination and clinical and hematological manifestations in cat cestodes","authors":"L. Solovіova, I. Ligomina, S. Rublenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-165-1-129-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-165-1-129-139","url":null,"abstract":"The materials of the presented research cover the issues of the spread of cestodes of cats in the Solomyansky district of Kyiv (according to the veterinary clinic Vet Alliance). After analyzing the relevant scientific literature, the epizootic situation of dipilidiosis and mesocestoidosis of cats in the metropolis was analyzed. Studies have shown that more than 50 % of parasitic diseases in cats occur in associated forms, among which the most common are toxocariasis, dipilidiosis, mesocestoidosis, ktenocephalidosis (flea infestation) and otodectosis. The monoform of invasions occurred only in 14.7 % of registered cases. The spread of diplidiosis and mesocestoidosis was characterized by seasonality – the peak of the lesion cats were observed in September-October. The most susceptible to infection Dipylidium caninum and Mesocestoides lineatus were kittens under the age of six months. The clinical condition and hematological parameters of kittens with dipilidiosis were also studied. Depression, anemia of the conjunctiva and mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, indigestion, dry cough were found. All cats had dull fur, and numerous dark brown spots and live fleas were observed on the skin, especially in the lumbar region. These data indicate a violation of erythropoiesis in feline dipilidiosis, which was characterized by erythrocytopenia and leukocytosis. Significant eosinophilia, an increase in the number of rod-shaped, and a decrease in segmental neutrophils were also found compared with clinically healthy animals. The results of biochemical blood tests of sick cats were important to clarify the features of the pathogenesis of dipilidiosis. Changes in blood biochemical parameters were characterized by a probably reduced content of hemoglobin, total protein and albumin. This indicates not only a violation of erythropoiesis, but also a violation of the protein-synthesizing function of the liver, because the pathological process involves various organs and systems of the body.\u0000Key words: feline dipilidiosis, feline mesocestoidosis, prevalence, clinical condition, hematological parameters, pulse rate, mucosal anemia, indigestion.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"62 1","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.33245/2310-4902-2021-165-1-18-26
I. Cheverda, M. Zakharenko
The article reflects the results of a study of the morphological composition of blood, indicators of metabolism and the content of hormones in the blood plasma of gonadectomized cockerels of the Adler silvery breed. In the experiment, 40 males were used at the age of 6 weeks, of which two groups were formed, a control and an experimental, 20 heads each. It was found that during the preparatory (leveling) period, the clinical state, morphological composition of blood and metabolic parameters in the experimental group of males did not differ from each other and were within the limits of their physiological values. There were also no differences in blood glucose concentration, protein content, triglycerol, cholesterol, uric acid, as well as the activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in the blood plasma of cockerels in the experimental and control groups during the preparatory period. Gonadectomy of males by surgical intervention at the age of six weeks did not significantly affect the morphology of their blood on the third day, with the exception of ESR, the value of which in birds of the experimental group was 1.9 times higher than in the control. In gonadectomized males, the number of platelets in the blood decreased by 30.7% compared to the control, which indicates a decrease in platelet activity and is probably associated with their participation in blood coagulation processes in the body after gonadectomy. Other indicators of the morphological composition of blood, namely, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils in gonadectomized males did not change compared with the control. It was found that the concentration of glucose in the blood, as well as total protein and uric acid in the blood plasma of males who underwent gonadectomy on the third day of the research period were at the level of the values of the control group birds and corresponded to the physiological values of these parameters in clinically healthy birds. On the 125th day of the main period in gonadectomized males, the level of glucose and protein, as well as indicators of lipid metabolism, namely, the concentration of triglycerol and cholesterol in the blood plasma did not change, while the content of uric acid increased by 23.7% compared with the control. It was found that the content of cortisol in the blood plasma of gonadectomized males was 3.2 times lower, and testosterone 10.2 times lower than in the control. So, gonadectomy of cockerels does not affect the morphological composition of the blood, indicators of the metabolic status of the bird, but it helps to reduce the content of cortisol and testosterone in the blood plasma. Key words: roosters, gonadectomy, blood morphology, metabolic parameters, enzyme activity, cortisol, testosterone.
{"title":"The morphological composition of the blood and the peculiarities of metabolism in gonadectomized cockerels of the Adler silvery breed","authors":"I. Cheverda, M. Zakharenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-165-1-18-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-165-1-18-26","url":null,"abstract":"The article reflects the results of a study of the morphological composition of blood, indicators of metabolism and the content of hormones in the blood plasma of gonadectomized cockerels of the Adler silvery breed. In the experiment, 40 males were used at the age of 6 weeks, of which two groups were formed, a control and an experimental, 20 heads each. It was found that during the preparatory (leveling) period, the clinical state, morphological composition of blood and metabolic parameters in the experimental group of males did not differ from each other and were within the limits of their physiological values. There were also no differences in blood glucose concentration, protein content, triglycerol, cholesterol, uric acid, as well as the activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in the blood plasma of cockerels in the experimental and control groups during the preparatory period. Gonadectomy of males by surgical intervention at the age of six weeks did not significantly affect the morphology of their blood on the third day, with the exception of ESR, the value of which in birds of the experimental group was 1.9 times higher than in the control. In gonadectomized males, the number of platelets in the blood decreased by 30.7% compared to the control, which indicates a decrease in platelet activity and is probably associated with their participation in blood coagulation processes in the body after gonadectomy. Other indicators of the morphological composition of blood, namely, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils in gonadectomized males did not change compared with the control. It was found that the concentration of glucose in the blood, as well as total protein and uric acid in the blood plasma of males who underwent gonadectomy on the third day of the research period were at the level of the values of the control group birds and corresponded to the physiological values of these parameters in clinically healthy birds. On the 125th day of the main period in gonadectomized males, the level of glucose and protein, as well as indicators of lipid metabolism, namely, the concentration of triglycerol and cholesterol in the blood plasma did not change, while the content of uric acid increased by 23.7% compared with the control. It was found that the content of cortisol in the blood plasma of gonadectomized males was 3.2 times lower, and testosterone 10.2 times lower than in the control. So, gonadectomy of cockerels does not affect the morphological composition of the blood, indicators of the metabolic status of the bird, but it helps to reduce the content of cortisol and testosterone in the blood plasma.\u0000Key words: roosters, gonadectomy, blood morphology, metabolic parameters, enzyme activity, cortisol, testosterone.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":"18-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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