Pub Date : 2021-11-23DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.206186
Rania Brakat, W. Bakr, M. Hashish, M. Fekry
Background: To fight against hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic in Egypt, it is crucial to understand the actual HCV situation. Hospitals have been accused as being an epicenter for sustained HCV spread in Egypt. Health care workers (HCWs) as well as patients admitted to hospitals are at special risk of acquiring HCV infection compared to the general population. Aim: To compare between the occurrence of hepatitis C in hospital personnel and patients at a general hospital in Kafr Elsheikh Governorate with reference to associated risk factors among both groups. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January through December 2018 on 203 hospital personnel and 197 patients admitted to Desouk General Hospital in Kafr Elsheikh Governorate, Egypt. A questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics and HCV risk factors was filled for each participant. For HCWs, questions on occupational exposure were added. A blood sample was withdrawn from each participant to be tested for anti-HCV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Results: The occurrence of anti-HCV among patients was significantly higher than among hospital personnel (18.8% vs 9.4%). Old age, low level of education, rural residence and living in bad housing conditions were significantly associated with anti-HCV positivity among both hospital personnel and patients. However, other parameters as male sex, insufficient income, illicit drug use (IDU), hemodialysis, blood transfusion, hospital admission and receiving any drug by injection or infusion were significant risk parameters for anti-HCV positivity among patients only. Conclusion: The occurrence of HCV in Egypt was substantially high among studied patients. Thus, continuous monitoring and screening of Egyptians are recommended especially after the implementation of the initiative of 100 Million Healthy Lives for HCV control.
背景:了解埃及丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的实际情况对防治埃及丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的流行至关重要。医院被指责为HCV在埃及持续传播的中心。与一般人群相比，卫生保健工作者(HCWs)以及住院患者具有获得丙型肝炎病毒感染的特殊风险。目的:比较Kafr Elsheikh省一家综合医院医护人员和患者丙型肝炎的发病率，并分析两组患者的相关危险因素。方法:本横断面研究于2018年1月至12月对埃及Kafr Elsheikh省Desouk总医院的203名医院工作人员和197名患者进行。每位参与者填写了一份社会人口学特征和HCV危险因素的问卷。在卫生保健工作者中，增加了有关职业暴露的问题。每位参与者抽取血样，通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测抗丙型肝炎病毒。结果:患者中抗- hcv的发生率明显高于医院工作人员(18.8% vs 9.4%)。老年、低教育水平、农村居住和居住条件差与医院工作人员和患者的抗- hcv阳性显著相关。然而，其他参数，如男性、收入不足、非法药物使用(IDU)、血液透析、输血、住院和接受任何注射或输注药物，仅在患者中是抗- hcv阳性的重要风险参数。结论:在研究的埃及患者中，HCV的发生率相当高。因此，建议对埃及人进行持续监测和筛查，特别是在实施控制丙型肝炎病毒的“1亿人健康生活”倡议之后。
{"title":"Hepatitis C among Hospital Personnel and Patients at a General Hospital in Kafr Elsheikh Governorate, Egypt","authors":"Rania Brakat, W. Bakr, M. Hashish, M. Fekry","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.206186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.206186","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To fight against hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic in Egypt, it is crucial to understand the actual HCV situation. Hospitals have been accused as being an epicenter for sustained HCV spread in Egypt. Health care workers (HCWs) as well as patients admitted to hospitals are at special risk of acquiring HCV infection compared to the general population. Aim: To compare between the occurrence of hepatitis C in hospital personnel and patients at a general hospital in Kafr Elsheikh Governorate with reference to associated risk factors among both groups. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January through December 2018 on 203 hospital personnel and 197 patients admitted to Desouk General Hospital in Kafr Elsheikh Governorate, Egypt. A questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics and HCV risk factors was filled for each participant. For HCWs, questions on occupational exposure were added. A blood sample was withdrawn from each participant to be tested for anti-HCV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Results: The occurrence of anti-HCV among patients was significantly higher than among hospital personnel (18.8% vs 9.4%). Old age, low level of education, rural residence and living in bad housing conditions were significantly associated with anti-HCV positivity among both hospital personnel and patients. However, other parameters as male sex, insufficient income, illicit drug use (IDU), hemodialysis, blood transfusion, hospital admission and receiving any drug by injection or infusion were significant risk parameters for anti-HCV positivity among patients only. Conclusion: The occurrence of HCV in Egypt was substantially high among studied patients. Thus, continuous monitoring and screening of Egyptians are recommended especially after the implementation of the initiative of 100 Million Healthy Lives for HCV control.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84511443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.205072
L. Kamel, M. Hassan, Ghada L. Radwan, H. Sabry
Background: Child malnutrition is one of the public health problems in Egypt. It might be affected by the political and economic transition occurring in Egypt and the Middle East. Objective(s): Assessment of the nutritional status and related factors among infants attending urban and rural primary health care (PHC) centers in Suez Governorate. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 333 mother-infant pairs attending vaccination sessions in PHC centers in Suez Governorate. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire for assessment of socio-demographic characteristics, feeding and weaning. In addition, weight and length were measured. Whenever affordable, a blood sample for hemoglobin estimation was taken from above one-year infants. Results: Stunting was detected among 12.3% of infants, underweight among 12.9% and wasting among 9.3%. Infants with normal anthropometric measurements presented 77.2% of the sample. Being a female, with no history of sickness in the last two weeks were found to be predictors of normal nutritional status. Anemia was detected among 75.0% of examined infants (71.4% in urban and 78.2% in rural areas). Conclusion: Assessment of the nutritional status of infants attending vaccination sessions in urban and rural health centers in Suez Governorate revealed that 28.2% are suffering from one or more form of protein energy malnutrition (PEM). Three quarters of examined infants suffered from anemia. These high levels of malnutrition among infants attending PHC services represent missed opportunities to implement health promotion and preventive activities in association with vaccination sessions.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Nutritional Status of Infants Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Suez, Egypt","authors":"L. Kamel, M. Hassan, Ghada L. Radwan, H. Sabry","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.205072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.205072","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Child malnutrition is one of the public health problems in Egypt. It might be affected by the political and economic transition occurring in Egypt and the Middle East. Objective(s): Assessment of the nutritional status and related factors among infants attending urban and rural primary health care (PHC) centers in Suez Governorate. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 333 mother-infant pairs attending vaccination sessions in PHC centers in Suez Governorate. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire for assessment of socio-demographic characteristics, feeding and weaning. In addition, weight and length were measured. Whenever affordable, a blood sample for hemoglobin estimation was taken from above one-year infants. Results: Stunting was detected among 12.3% of infants, underweight among 12.9% and wasting among 9.3%. Infants with normal anthropometric measurements presented 77.2% of the sample. Being a female, with no history of sickness in the last two weeks were found to be predictors of normal nutritional status. Anemia was detected among 75.0% of examined infants (71.4% in urban and 78.2% in rural areas). Conclusion: Assessment of the nutritional status of infants attending vaccination sessions in urban and rural health centers in Suez Governorate revealed that 28.2% are suffering from one or more form of protein energy malnutrition (PEM). Three quarters of examined infants suffered from anemia. These high levels of malnutrition among infants attending PHC services represent missed opportunities to implement health promotion and preventive activities in association with vaccination sessions.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79264747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.203927
Esraa A A Sultan, F. el-Sahn, E. Fetohy, D. Mohamed
Background: Food drug interactions (FDIs) and drug nutrient interactions (DNIs) are considered adverse drug reactions pertaining to nutritional diseases. The primarily and most easily accessible health care professionals to the patients are physicians and pharmacists. Knowledge and expertise about FDIs and DNIs are both essential among healthcare professionals where their lack would eventually lead to inappropriate patient counseling and undesirable adverse medical consequences. Aim (s): To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians and pharmacists working in Ministry of Health governmental hospitals of Alexandria regarding food drug and drug nutrient interactions and their association to professional characteristics. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 279 physicians and pharmacists. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire to gather information on personal and professional characteristics, nutritional background, and knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians and pharmacists towards food drug and nutrient interactions. Linear regression was used to detect the most independent/affecting factors for the knowledge and practice. Results: Only 10.4% and 17.9% of the studied physicians and pharmacists had good level of knowledge and practice respectively, while 86.7% had positive attitude concerning FDIs and DNIs. Multivariate analysis revealed that the main factors affecting knowledge were the graduation year and having nutrition courses either pre or post-graduation, while practice was mainly affected by knowledge and the undergraduate nutrition courses. Conclusion: Knowledge of physicians and pharmacists about FDIs and DNIs was found to be inadequate. They had positive attitude towards FDIs and DNIs, and moderate to poor practice level. This might be greatly advanced through including nutrition modules in the topics taught to medical students (physicians and pharmacists) via multiple educational strategies.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Physicians and Pharmacists Working in Alexandria Governmental Hospitals Regarding Food Drug and Drug Nutrient Interactions","authors":"Esraa A A Sultan, F. el-Sahn, E. Fetohy, D. Mohamed","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.203927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.203927","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Food drug interactions (FDIs) and drug nutrient interactions (DNIs) are considered adverse drug reactions pertaining to nutritional diseases. The primarily and most easily accessible health care professionals to the patients are physicians and pharmacists. Knowledge and expertise about FDIs and DNIs are both essential among healthcare professionals where their lack would eventually lead to inappropriate patient counseling and undesirable adverse medical consequences. Aim (s): To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians and pharmacists working in Ministry of Health governmental hospitals of Alexandria regarding food drug and drug nutrient interactions and their association to professional characteristics. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 279 physicians and pharmacists. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire to gather information on personal and professional characteristics, nutritional background, and knowledge, attitude and practice of physicians and pharmacists towards food drug and nutrient interactions. Linear regression was used to detect the most independent/affecting factors for the knowledge and practice. Results: Only 10.4% and 17.9% of the studied physicians and pharmacists had good level of knowledge and practice respectively, while 86.7% had positive attitude concerning FDIs and DNIs. Multivariate analysis revealed that the main factors affecting knowledge were the graduation year and having nutrition courses either pre or post-graduation, while practice was mainly affected by knowledge and the undergraduate nutrition courses. Conclusion: Knowledge of physicians and pharmacists about FDIs and DNIs was found to be inadequate. They had positive attitude towards FDIs and DNIs, and moderate to poor practice level. This might be greatly advanced through including nutrition modules in the topics taught to medical students (physicians and pharmacists) via multiple educational strategies.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83779504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.203212
Eman El-Sayed, Ensaf Abdelgawad, Nabil L Dowidar, A. Mehanna
Background: Patient involvement in health care is a basic patient's right. Effective communication between the health care professional and the patient is associated with improved psychological functioning of the patient, adherence to treatment, and higher quality of life. Objective(s): This study aims to explore qualitatively breast cancer patients’ experience and satisfaction with their involvement in cancer care. Methods: This study was carried out among 30 women in different breast cancer care stages through in depth-interviews. The patients were purposively selected from surgery and oncology outpatient clinics and surgery inpatient wards in Medical Research Institute HospitalAlexandria University, and in Ayadi El-Mostakbal Cancer Care Center Ayadi El-Mostakbal Charity Foundation, Alexandria, Egypt. Results: Some patients mentioned that they did not know their diagnosis until late, others complained of the harsh non-empathetic way of breaking the news of their disease. Patients, generally, reported a little understanding of their treatment plan, they just followed physician’s instructions without receiving enough explanation. Patients on chemotherapy and radiotherapy expressed their unsatisfied need for information. Patients’ source of information was mainly other patients who suffered from the same disease. Patients, in general, were not familiar with the concept of giving feedback, it was perceived by the majority of them as equivalent to complaining. Some patients believed that complaining could put them in trouble such as receiving harsh blame or even delaying their medication. Conclusion: Patients’ narratives revealed poor involvement in health care and showed dissatisfaction of the majority of patients with their level of involvement.
{"title":"Breast Cancer Patients’ Experience about Involvement in Health Care: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Eman El-Sayed, Ensaf Abdelgawad, Nabil L Dowidar, A. Mehanna","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.203212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.203212","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patient involvement in health care is a basic patient's right. Effective communication between the health care professional and the patient is associated with improved psychological functioning of the patient, adherence to treatment, and higher quality of life. Objective(s): This study aims to explore qualitatively breast cancer patients’ experience and satisfaction with their involvement in cancer care. Methods: This study was carried out among 30 women in different breast cancer care stages through in depth-interviews. The patients were purposively selected from surgery and oncology outpatient clinics and surgery inpatient wards in Medical Research Institute HospitalAlexandria University, and in Ayadi El-Mostakbal Cancer Care Center Ayadi El-Mostakbal Charity Foundation, Alexandria, Egypt. Results: Some patients mentioned that they did not know their diagnosis until late, others complained of the harsh non-empathetic way of breaking the news of their disease. Patients, generally, reported a little understanding of their treatment plan, they just followed physician’s instructions without receiving enough explanation. Patients on chemotherapy and radiotherapy expressed their unsatisfied need for information. Patients’ source of information was mainly other patients who suffered from the same disease. Patients, in general, were not familiar with the concept of giving feedback, it was perceived by the majority of them as equivalent to complaining. Some patients believed that complaining could put them in trouble such as receiving harsh blame or even delaying their medication. Conclusion: Patients’ narratives revealed poor involvement in health care and showed dissatisfaction of the majority of patients with their level of involvement.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72915209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.201369
Guirguis W, N. M., Zaghloul A
{"title":"Use of Out-of-Plan Services by Health Insurance Beneficiaries in Alexandria","authors":"Guirguis W, N. M., Zaghloul A","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.201369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.201369","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80372324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.191502
Alya Abd El-Mawgood, F. Yousef, R. Ali
Background: The remarkable growth of Internet usage in recent years has been accompanied with an increased risk of Internet addiction (IA). IA which is progressively becoming a societal problem affects the more vulnerable group of adolescents and children, resulting in different mental and physical health consequences. Objective(s): The study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of IA among high school students in Sohag, Egypt and its effects on their mental health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 randomly selected Egyptian high school students using a self-administered structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic and Internet use characteristics, in addition to the Arabic versions of Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Results: More than one third (34.8%) of the studied high school students were mild Internet addicts, 21% were moderate Internet addicts and 4% were severe Internet addicts. Having a Facebook account, Internet access on a smart phone, Internet access outside the house, bad family relationship, presence of the Internet at home, being in 2 nd grade of high school, and access to the Internet for entertainment were the predictors of IA. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between IA and deterioration of their mental health (r= 0.33, p < 0.001). Conclusions and recommendations: The high prevalence of IA and association with deteriorated mental health shown in the current study warrant special attention and indicate the need for better parenting style and more controlled use of smart phones.
背景:近年来互联网使用的显著增长伴随着网络成瘾(IA)风险的增加。IA正逐渐成为一个社会问题，影响到较为脆弱的青少年和儿童群体，造成不同的身心健康后果。目的:本研究旨在评估埃及Sohag高中学生IA的患病率和预测因素及其对其心理健康的影响。方法:在随机选择的400名埃及高中生中进行了一项横断面研究，除了阿拉伯语版本的青少年网络成瘾测试(IAT)和一般健康问卷(GHQ)外，还使用了一份自我管理的结构化问卷，其中包括社会人口统计学和互联网使用特征。结果:超过三分之一(34.8%)的高中生为轻度网络成瘾者，21%为中度网络成瘾者，4%为重度网络成瘾者。拥有Facebook账户、智能手机上网、室外上网、家庭关系不好、家里有互联网、高中2年级、上网娱乐等是IA的预测因素。IA与心理健康恶化呈显著正相关(r= 0.33, p < 0.001)。结论和建议:当前研究显示IA的高患病率及其与心理健康恶化的关系值得特别关注，并表明需要更好的养育方式和更有控制地使用智能手机。
{"title":"Internet Addiction among Secondary School Students in Upper Egypt","authors":"Alya Abd El-Mawgood, F. Yousef, R. Ali","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.191502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.191502","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The remarkable growth of Internet usage in recent years has been accompanied with an increased risk of Internet addiction (IA). IA which is progressively becoming a societal problem affects the more vulnerable group of adolescents and children, resulting in different mental and physical health consequences. Objective(s): The study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of IA among high school students in Sohag, Egypt and its effects on their mental health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 randomly selected Egyptian high school students using a self-administered structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic and Internet use characteristics, in addition to the Arabic versions of Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Results: More than one third (34.8%) of the studied high school students were mild Internet addicts, 21% were moderate Internet addicts and 4% were severe Internet addicts. Having a Facebook account, Internet access on a smart phone, Internet access outside the house, bad family relationship, presence of the Internet at home, being in 2 nd grade of high school, and access to the Internet for entertainment were the predictors of IA. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between IA and deterioration of their mental health (r= 0.33, p < 0.001). Conclusions and recommendations: The high prevalence of IA and association with deteriorated mental health shown in the current study warrant special attention and indicate the need for better parenting style and more controlled use of smart phones.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82954824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.194763
Nora Khalil, A. Elsaadany, Marwa M. Mohasseb
Background: Bullying among school students is defined as a type of violence that has increased nowadays. It is a very serious problem that can affect children and adolescents with multiple negative impacts e.g. poor school achievement and mental health problems. Objective(s): To assess the frequency of bullying, determine gender differences as regards different bullying behaviors among early adolescent school students. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study. It was conducted on 350 primary and preparatory school students in Tanta district, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the students asking about their socio-economic standards, experiencing different bullying behaviors, their types, and their psychological effects on the affected students. Results: The studied students experienced bullying in the form of bullies (6%), victims (22%), bully-victims (7%), and witnesses (55%). About 56% of students who experienced bullying were males and 44% were females. About 60% of female students were victims versus 39% in males, while males experienced other bullying behaviors (bully, bully-victim, witness). Physical and verbal bullying reached 53.1% & 49.8% respectively, while cyberbullying was 23.2% and sexual bullying 12.1%. Physical bullying was significantly more frequent among male students (p-value = 0.003). However, female students were significantly more experiencing verbal and cyberbullying (p-value = 0.002 & 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: The frequency of bullying experience among early adolescent school students was high. Female students were experiencing bullying behaviors less than male students. Screening for bullying behavior during the routine visits of the adolescents in primary health care facilities is recommended.
{"title":"Bullying Among Early Adolescent Egyptian School Students","authors":"Nora Khalil, A. Elsaadany, Marwa M. Mohasseb","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.194763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.194763","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bullying among school students is defined as a type of violence that has increased nowadays. It is a very serious problem that can affect children and adolescents with multiple negative impacts e.g. poor school achievement and mental health problems. Objective(s): To assess the frequency of bullying, determine gender differences as regards different bullying behaviors among early adolescent school students. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study. It was conducted on 350 primary and preparatory school students in Tanta district, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to the students asking about their socio-economic standards, experiencing different bullying behaviors, their types, and their psychological effects on the affected students. Results: The studied students experienced bullying in the form of bullies (6%), victims (22%), bully-victims (7%), and witnesses (55%). About 56% of students who experienced bullying were males and 44% were females. About 60% of female students were victims versus 39% in males, while males experienced other bullying behaviors (bully, bully-victim, witness). Physical and verbal bullying reached 53.1% & 49.8% respectively, while cyberbullying was 23.2% and sexual bullying 12.1%. Physical bullying was significantly more frequent among male students (p-value = 0.003). However, female students were significantly more experiencing verbal and cyberbullying (p-value = 0.002 & 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: The frequency of bullying experience among early adolescent school students was high. Female students were experiencing bullying behaviors less than male students. Screening for bullying behavior during the routine visits of the adolescents in primary health care facilities is recommended.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78841172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.199132
Muhammad M. Dawud, M. El-Barrawy, M. Fekry
Background: Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a worldwide public health issue. Egypt is classified as an area of intermediate endemicity. Hepatitis B has high materno-fetal transmission. Infants who are infected through their mothers are at a significant risk of acquiring chronic liver disease. Objective(s): To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HBV infection among pregnant females in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate as well as to compare HBV serologic profile among HBV vaccinated and non-vaccinated pregnant women. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed on 456 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics at Kafr El-Sheikh general hospitals. This study was carried out from June 2020 through February 2021. Sociodemographic data were collected through a predesigned questionnaire. Study participants were screened for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Positive ones for the latter were subjected to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) detection. Results: The majority of pregnant women (73%) were susceptible to HBV infection, while 2.4% had immunity following infection and 12.4% had immunity related to vaccination. HBsAg was detected in 1.8% and sole anti-HBc detected in 9.9%. There was a significant statistical association between HBsAg positivity and age, lack of vaccination, family history of HBV infection and unsafe injection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate was 1.8% especially in those with risk factors. Thus, it is highly recommended that the Ministry of Health and Population should implement a program to screen all pregnant women for HBV at the antenatal care units. In addition, hepatitis B vaccine proved to be an effective tool against HBV infection among studied pregnant women.
{"title":"Serologic Profile of Hepatitis B Virus among Pregnant Women in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt","authors":"Muhammad M. Dawud, M. El-Barrawy, M. Fekry","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.199132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.199132","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a worldwide public health issue. Egypt is classified as an area of intermediate endemicity. Hepatitis B has high materno-fetal transmission. Infants who are infected through their mothers are at a significant risk of acquiring chronic liver disease. Objective(s): To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HBV infection among pregnant females in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate as well as to compare HBV serologic profile among HBV vaccinated and non-vaccinated pregnant women. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed on 456 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics at Kafr El-Sheikh general hospitals. This study was carried out from June 2020 through February 2021. Sociodemographic data were collected through a predesigned questionnaire. Study participants were screened for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Positive ones for the latter were subjected to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) detection. Results: The majority of pregnant women (73%) were susceptible to HBV infection, while 2.4% had immunity following infection and 12.4% had immunity related to vaccination. HBsAg was detected in 1.8% and sole anti-HBc detected in 9.9%. There was a significant statistical association between HBsAg positivity and age, lack of vaccination, family history of HBV infection and unsafe injection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate was 1.8% especially in those with risk factors. Thus, it is highly recommended that the Ministry of Health and Population should implement a program to screen all pregnant women for HBV at the antenatal care units. In addition, hepatitis B vaccine proved to be an effective tool against HBV infection among studied pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81486046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.193888
E. Mohamed, A. Ghaleb, S. Abokresha
Background: Recently the growth of online learning programs has been driven by the progress of the internet and the information technology that improved the education. Due to advancement of the latest technology, online learning has arisen as a substitute complement to traditional teaching and learning. Objective(s): To determine factors affecting satisfaction of Sohag university students with online learning. Methods: Strachota’s Online Satisfaction Survey was applied on 782 students from faculty of medicine, pharmacy and education to assess the satisfaction of students with online learning. It included five main parameters (student-content interaction, student-instructor interaction, studentstudent interaction, student-technology interaction, and general satisfaction). Results: Half of the studied students (50.3%) were not satisfied with online learning as a continuous method for education. Males were more satisfied (59.5%) than females (45%). Students living in urban areas (53%) were more satisfied than those of rural areas (45.8%) and students of faculty of medicine were more satisfied (54.4%) than faculties of pharmacy and education (40% & 48.6% respectively). The availability of computers and internet was significantly affecting the satisfaction of students with all parameters. Conclusion: Half of the studied students were not satisfied with online learning as a continuous method for education. The factors affecting the satisfaction of students with online learning were availability of computers and internet, male gender and urban residence.
{"title":"Satisfaction with Online Learning among Sohag University Students","authors":"E. Mohamed, A. Ghaleb, S. Abokresha","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.193888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.193888","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recently the growth of online learning programs has been driven by the progress of the internet and the information technology that improved the education. Due to advancement of the latest technology, online learning has arisen as a substitute complement to traditional teaching and learning. Objective(s): To determine factors affecting satisfaction of Sohag university students with online learning. Methods: Strachota’s Online Satisfaction Survey was applied on 782 students from faculty of medicine, pharmacy and education to assess the satisfaction of students with online learning. It included five main parameters (student-content interaction, student-instructor interaction, studentstudent interaction, student-technology interaction, and general satisfaction). Results: Half of the studied students (50.3%) were not satisfied with online learning as a continuous method for education. Males were more satisfied (59.5%) than females (45%). Students living in urban areas (53%) were more satisfied than those of rural areas (45.8%) and students of faculty of medicine were more satisfied (54.4%) than faculties of pharmacy and education (40% & 48.6% respectively). The availability of computers and internet was significantly affecting the satisfaction of students with all parameters. Conclusion: Half of the studied students were not satisfied with online learning as a continuous method for education. The factors affecting the satisfaction of students with online learning were availability of computers and internet, male gender and urban residence.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85179095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2021.199434
Nahla Gamaleldin, Eman Hagras, Heba M. El-Weshahi
Background: The key method to let people follow a healthier lifestyle and to prevent chronic noncommunicable diseases is health promotion. Students in the medical field have to play a crucial role as in restoring and promoting health. Objective(s): The present study was carried out to assess health promoting lifestyle and self-efficacy among fourth grade medical students at Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, as well as to identify factors affecting their lifestyle in health promotion. Methods: A cross-sectional survey on 609 undergraduate fourth year medical students at Alexandria Faculty of Medicine during the academic year 2018-2019 was carried out. Participants were interviewed at the time they attended Community Medicine Department according to the faculty schedule. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP II) questionnaires were the research tools used to identify student’s health promoting lifestyle and their self-efficacy status. Results: More than half of the studied medical students (57%) showed good self-efficacy. The mean score for health promoting lifestyle profile was 2.4 ± 0.36 out of 4. The highest mean scores were for interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth domains. However, the lowest mean scores were for physical activity and health responsibility domains. Having a good self-efficacy perception, being free from psychiatric diseases, as well as practicing regular physical exercise were significant predictors of a promoting lifestyle among the studied medical students. Conclusion: More than half of the studied students had good general self-efficacy status. The highest mean scores of health promoting lifestyle domains were for interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth domains. Therefore, creating supportive educational environment that values healthy lifestyle and its vital link to student performance is needed.
{"title":"Health-Promoting Lifestyle among Medical Students in Alexandria","authors":"Nahla Gamaleldin, Eman Hagras, Heba M. El-Weshahi","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2021.199434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2021.199434","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The key method to let people follow a healthier lifestyle and to prevent chronic noncommunicable diseases is health promotion. Students in the medical field have to play a crucial role as in restoring and promoting health. Objective(s): The present study was carried out to assess health promoting lifestyle and self-efficacy among fourth grade medical students at Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, as well as to identify factors affecting their lifestyle in health promotion. Methods: A cross-sectional survey on 609 undergraduate fourth year medical students at Alexandria Faculty of Medicine during the academic year 2018-2019 was carried out. Participants were interviewed at the time they attended Community Medicine Department according to the faculty schedule. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP II) questionnaires were the research tools used to identify student’s health promoting lifestyle and their self-efficacy status. Results: More than half of the studied medical students (57%) showed good self-efficacy. The mean score for health promoting lifestyle profile was 2.4 ± 0.36 out of 4. The highest mean scores were for interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth domains. However, the lowest mean scores were for physical activity and health responsibility domains. Having a good self-efficacy perception, being free from psychiatric diseases, as well as practicing regular physical exercise were significant predictors of a promoting lifestyle among the studied medical students. Conclusion: More than half of the studied students had good general self-efficacy status. The highest mean scores of health promoting lifestyle domains were for interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth domains. Therefore, creating supportive educational environment that values healthy lifestyle and its vital link to student performance is needed.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89493298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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