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The role of universal stress protein Usp1413 in meropenem adaptive resistance and environmental stress responses in Acinetobacter baumannii 通用应激蛋白Usp1413在鲍曼不动杆菌美罗培南适应性耐药和环境应激反应中的作用。
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100332
Sirui Zhang , Jingdan Wang , Rong Yu , Haiping Liu , Shuyan Liu , Kai Luo , Jin'e Lei , Bei Han , Yanjiong Chen , Shaoshan Han , E Yang , Meng Xun , Lei Han
Although various mechanisms of carbapenem-resistance have been identified in the nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii, the critical process of resistance evolution and the factors involved in are not well understood. Herein, we identified a universal stress protein Usp1413 which played an important role in adaptive resistance of A. baumannii to meropenem (MEM). Based on RNA-Seq and genome sequencing, Usp1413 was not only one of the most downregulated USPs, but also the bare one having mutation of tyrosine and glycine inserted at the site of 229-230 (YG229-230) under the stimulation of MEM. Deletion of Usp1413 resulted in increased MEM resistance. In addition, Usp1413 affected the bacterial abilities of biofilm formation and swarm motility, as well as helped A. baumannii response to various environmental stresses. These effects of Usp1413 were achieved by regulating its interaction proteins, within the functions of YigZ family protein, acetyltransferase, and SulP family inorganic anion transporter. The insertion mutation of YG229-230 influenced both the expression of interaction proteins and the phenotypes of bacteria. Finally, the promotor region of Usp1413 was convinced by point mutations. Overall, our findings identified the universal stress protein Usp1413 as a contributor involved in MEM adaptive resistance and responded to numerous environmental stresses. This study provides novel insights into the mechanism of universal stress proteins in participating antibiotic resistance, and affords a potential target for controlling drug resistance development in A. baumannii.
虽然医院内病原菌鲍曼不动杆菌的碳青霉烯耐药机制多种多样,但耐药性进化的关键过程及其相关因素尚不清楚。本研究鉴定了鲍曼不动杆菌对美罗培南(MEM)的适应性抗性中起重要作用的通用应激蛋白Usp1413。RNA-Seq和基因组测序结果显示,Usp1413是MEM刺激下下调最多的USPs之一,也是唯一一个在229-230位点插入酪氨酸和甘氨酸突变的USPs (YG229-230)。Usp1413的缺失导致MEM抗性增加。此外,Usp1413影响了细菌的生物膜形成能力和群体运动能力,并帮助鲍曼不动杆菌应对各种环境胁迫。Usp1413的这些作用是通过调节其相互作用蛋白,在YigZ家族蛋白、乙酰转移酶和SulP家族无机阴离子转运蛋白的功能范围内实现的。YG229-230的插入突变既影响了相互作用蛋白的表达,也影响了细菌的表型。最后,通过点突变确定Usp1413的启动子区域。总的来说,我们的研究结果确定了通用应激蛋白Usp1413是参与MEM适应性抗性和响应多种环境胁迫的贡献者。该研究为普遍应激蛋白参与抗生素耐药的机制提供了新的见解,并为控制鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药发展提供了潜在的靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Kodamaea ohmeri: An emergent yeast from a One Health perspective
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100359
Sthefany Emanuelle Silva , Lorena Souza Silva , Ludmila Gouveia Eufrasio , Gabriela Silva Cruz , Fabíola Lucini , Hareton Teixeira Vechi , Manoella do Monte Alves , Luciana Rodrigues Ferreira Ribeiro , Karine Lilian de Souza , José Aparecido Moreira , Janete Gouveia de Souza , Florent Morio , Gisela Lara da Costa , Barbara de Oliveira Baptista , Luiz Marcelo Ribeiro Tomé , Sílvia Helena Sousa Pietra Pedroso , Felipe Campos de Melo Iani , Talita Émile Ribeiro Adelino , Débora Castelo-Branco , Luana Rossato , Rafael Wesley Bastos
Kodamaea ohmeri is an emerging and opportunistic yeast associated with a high mortality rate in humans. As it is commonly found in the environment, it is possible that environmental conditions and agricultural practices contribute to the adaptation of this yeast and the selection of antifungal resistance. During a multicentric study in Brazil, conducted under a One Health perspective, 14 isolates of K. ohmeri were identified from different sources: three from blood cultures, three from animals (swine and poultry), and eight from animal environments (swine and poultry). Yeasts were isolated using CHROmagar® Candida medium and identified by MALDI-TOF MS and ITS rDNA barcoding. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the broth microdilution method for clinical (azoles, echinocandins, pyrimidine analogs, and polyenes), and environmental antifungals (tebuconazole, pyraclostrobin, carbendazim, and mancozeb), and hospital disinfectants (quaternary ammonium compounds). Of note, color variations of K. ohmeri were noted on CHROmagar® depending on the incubation time, which is likely to complicate its identification. Following polyphasic identification and taxonomic confirmation, all isolates demonstrated low MIC values for clinical antifungals, disinfectants, and tebuconazole. However, all isolates were able to grow in the presence of carbendazim, mancozeb, and pyraclostrobin. Together, these findings highlight the risks associated with the use of environmental azoles, such as tebuconazole, as they may impact non-target fungi of medical importance, but other fungicides do not present the same risk. This is the first study to demonstrate that K. ohmeri, an important emerging yeast in human medicine, can be isolated from various sources, including patients. Although the isolates exhibited low MIC values for clinical antifungals, it is crucial to monitor changes in sensitivity patterns over time in emerging microorganisms to prevent the development of multidrug resistance, which may originate in the environment.
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引用次数: 0
Phosphorus dynamics and sustainable agriculture: The role of microbial solubilization and innovations in nutrient management 磷动态与可持续农业:微生物增溶作用和养分管理创新
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100326
José Abraham García-Berumen , Juan Armando Flores de la Torre , Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos , Alejandro Espinoza-Canales , Francisco Guadalupe Echavarría-Cháirez , Héctor Gutiérrez-Bañuelos
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth, playing a crucial role in various metabolic processes. Despite its importance, phosphorus availability in soils is often restricted due to its tendency to form insoluble complexes, limiting plant uptake. The increasing demand for phosphorus in agriculture, combined with limited global reserves of phosphate rock, has created challenges for sustainable plant production. Additionally, the overuse of chemical phosphorus fertilizers has resulted in environmental degradation, such as eutrophication of water bodies. Increasing agronomic phosphorus (P) efficiency is crucial because of population growth and increased food demand. Hence, microorganisms involved in the P cycle are a promising biotechnological strategy that has gained global interest in recent decades. Microorganisms' solubilization of phosphate rock (PR) is an environmentally sustainable alternative to chemical processing for producing phosphate fertilizers. Phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs), including bacteria and fungi, and their enzymatic processes offer an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to chemical inputs by converting insoluble phosphorus into forms readily available for plant uptake. Integrating PSMs into agricultural systems presents a promising strategy to reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers, enhance soil health, and contribute to the transition toward more sustainable and resilient agricultural practices. It can be an alternative that reduces the loss of phosphorus in the environment, especially the eutrophication of aquatic systems. This paper explores the challenges of phosphorus availability in agriculture and the potential of microbial phosphorus solubilization as a sustainable alternative to conventional practices.
磷(P)是植物生长必需的元素,在各种代谢过程中起着至关重要的作用。尽管磷很重要,但土壤中磷的有效性往往受到限制,因为它倾向于形成不溶性复合体,限制了植物的吸收。农业对磷的需求不断增加,加上全球磷矿储量有限,给可持续植物生产带来了挑战。此外,化学磷肥的过度使用导致水体富营养化等环境退化。由于人口增长和粮食需求增加,提高农用磷(P)效率至关重要。因此,参与磷循环的微生物是一种有前途的生物技术策略,近几十年来已引起全球的兴趣。微生物增溶磷矿(PR)是一种环境可持续的替代化学处理生产磷肥的方法。溶磷微生物(psm),包括细菌和真菌,及其酶促过程通过将不溶性磷转化为易于植物吸收的形式,为化学投入提供了一种生态友好和可持续的替代方案。将psm纳入农业系统是一种很有前景的战略,可以减少对化肥的依赖,增强土壤健康,并有助于向更可持续和更有弹性的农业做法过渡。它可以作为一种替代方案,减少环境中磷的损失,特别是水生系统的富营养化。本文探讨了农业中磷可用性的挑战和微生物磷增溶作为传统做法的可持续替代方案的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Uncovering latent infections in kidneys: A novel molecular approach for differential Leptospira detection 揭示肾脏潜伏感染:鉴别钩端螺旋体检测的一种新的分子方法
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100327
Li-Fang Chou , Yi-Chun Liu , Huang-Yu Yang , Ya-Chung Tian , Chih-Ho Lai , Ming-Yang Chang , Cheng-Chieh Hung , Tong-Hong Wang , Shen-Hsing Hsu , Chung-Ying Tsai , Pei-Yu Hung , Chih-Wei Yang
Leptospirosis, a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira spp., poses significant global health and veterinary challenges. Long-term colonization of renal tubules by Leptospira in asymptomatic hosts highlights the need for sensitive detection methods. This study evaluates the chronic or latent Leptospira infections in kidneys using a novel molecular approach to examine individual immune responses differences. Digital PCR strategies employing newly developed primer-probe sets targeting the flagellar fliG gene were used to assess the presence of trace Leptospira in infected murine kidneys and urine samples from laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis patients. RNA-based digital PCR detected leptospires in 58 % (targeting lipl32) and 83 % (targeting fliG) of infected kidneys, demonstrating that the digital PCR strategy targeting the fliG gene offers superior sensitivity. Notably, the newly developed fliG-targeting assay detected as low as 20 fg of Leptospira DNA, offering ten-fold greater sensitivity than traditional qPCR for trace detection. This allows for differential detection of Leptospira species and facilitates monitoring of extremely low bacterial loads with greater sensitivity than conventional methods. We also observed regenerating renal tubules with mitosis and elevated cytokine expression in kidneys with transcriptionally active Leptospira during chronic infection. This approach aids in identifying latent infections and offers insights into individual variations. Our research provides a powerful molecular tool for epidemiological studies and public health surveillance, contributing valuable insights into the prevalence and transmission dynamics of this pervasive zoonotic disease.
钩端螺旋体病是由钩端螺旋体引起的一种重新出现的人畜共患疾病,对全球健康和兽医构成了重大挑战。钩端螺旋体在无症状宿主肾小管中的长期定植突显了对灵敏检测方法的需求。本研究采用一种新型分子方法来评估肾脏中的慢性或潜伏钩端螺旋体感染,以检查个体免疫反应差异。采用新开发的以鞭毛fliG基因为靶标的引物-探针组的数字PCR策略来评估受感染的小鼠肾脏和实验室确诊的钩端螺旋体病患者尿液样本中是否存在微量钩端螺旋体。基于 RNA 的数字 PCR 在 58%(以 lipl32 为靶标)和 83%(以 fliG 为靶标)的受感染肾脏中检测到钩端螺旋体,这表明以 fliG 基因为靶标的数字 PCR 策略具有更高的灵敏度。值得注意的是,新开发的 fliG 靶向测定能检测到低至 20 fg 的钩端螺旋体 DNA,比传统 qPCR 的痕量检测灵敏度高十倍。这样就能对钩端螺旋体的种类进行鉴别检测,并能以比传统方法更高的灵敏度监测极低的细菌负荷。我们还观察到,在慢性感染期间,转录活跃的钩端螺旋体感染者的肾脏中,肾小管有丝分裂再生,细胞因子表达升高。这种方法有助于识别潜伏感染,并能深入了解个体差异。我们的研究为流行病学研究和公共卫生监测提供了强大的分子工具,有助于深入了解这种普遍存在的人畜共患疾病的流行和传播动态。
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引用次数: 0
Rhizosphere microbiome regulation: Unlocking the potential for plant growth 调节根瘤微生物群:释放植物生长的潜力
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100322
Chenghua Luo , Yijun He , Yaping Chen
Rhizosphere microbial communities are essential for plant growth and health maintenance, but their recruitment and functions are affected by their interactions with host plants. Finding ways to use the interaction to achieve specific production purposes, so as to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, is an important research approach in the development of green agriculture. To demonstrate the importance of rhizosphere microbial communities and guide practical production applications, this review summarizes the outstanding performance of rhizosphere microbial communities in promoting plant growth and stress tolerance. We also discuss the effect of host plants on their rhizosphere microbes, especially emphasizing the important role of host plant species and genes in the specific recruitment of beneficial microorganisms to improve the plants’ own traits. The aim of this review is to provide valuable insights into developing plant varieties that can consistently recruit specific beneficial microorganisms to improve crop adaptability and productivity, and thus can be applied to green and sustainable agriculture in the future.
根圈微生物群落对植物的生长和健康维护至关重要,但它们的招募和功能会受到与寄主植物相互作用的影响。如何利用这种相互作用达到特定的生产目的,从而减少化肥和农药的使用,是发展绿色农业的重要研究方法。为了证明根圈微生物群落的重要性并指导实际生产应用,本综述总结了根圈微生物群落在促进植物生长和抗逆性方面的突出表现。我们还讨论了寄主植物对其根圈微生物的影响,特别强调了寄主植物物种和基因在特定招募有益微生物以改善植物自身性状方面的重要作用。本综述旨在为开发能够持续招募特定有益微生物以提高作物适应性和生产力的植物品种提供有价值的见解,从而在未来应用于绿色和可持续农业。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of extracellular chitin deacetylase from Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus isolated from marine crustacean shell 从海洋甲壳类动物贝壳中分离出的 Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus 细胞外几丁质脱乙酰化酶的表征
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100325
Poonam Das , Manisha Das , Sheela Kumari Sahoo , Jagneshwar Dandapat , Jyotsnarani Pradhan
Chitosan is a promising biopolymer with wide range of applications. It is the deacetylated product of chitin. Commercially, it is produced from chitin via a harsh thermochemical process that has several shortcomings and heterogenous deacetylation product. Chitin can be transformed into chitosan through enzymatic deacetylation using chitin deacetylase (CDA), enabling the production of chitosan with a specific degree of deacetylation. CDA is primarily extracted from fungi followed by bacteria and insects. The extraction of CDA from fungus is more complex, possess several health risks for human including skin lesions. Therefore, screening of potent bacterial CDA is the need of the hour. In this study, for the first time we have isolated a bacterial strain Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus from the rinsed water of marine crab shell, and it was found to be a potent CDA producer. The extracellular CDA from A. aneurinilyticus has been partially purified and the specific activity of the enzyme was found to be 569.73 U/ mg protein. SDS-PAGE profiling of the purified sample depicts two isomers of CDA with molecular weights of 27 kD and 45 kD. The pH and temperature optima of the purified CDA were found to be 7.4 and 37 °C, respectively. The partially purified enzyme has Km and Vmax values of 98.455 µM and 909.09 µmole/min, for non-chitinous substrate such as p-nitroacetanilide. For chitinous substrates like glycol chitin, N-acetyl glucosamine hexamer and colloidal chitin, the enzyme exhibited Km of 96.96, 111.75 and 127.86 µM, respectively, Vmax for these substrates were 23.31, 10.12 and 10.772 µmole/min, respectively. Metal ions like Mn and Mg considerably boost the production and activity of CDA, whereas Cd and Co strongly inhibit its activity. Insights from this study further substantiate that this enzyme follows Michaelis-Menten equation and has potential for industrial applications.
壳聚糖是一种具有广泛应用前景的生物聚合物。它是甲壳素的脱乙酰产物。商业上,壳聚糖是通过苛刻的热化学工艺从甲壳素中生产出来的,这种工艺存在一些缺点,而且脱乙酰产物不均匀。甲壳素可通过使用甲壳素脱乙酰酶(CDA)进行酶脱乙酰转化为壳聚糖,从而生产出具有特定脱乙酰度的壳聚糖。CDA 主要从真菌中提取,其次是细菌和昆虫。从真菌中提取 CDA 的过程较为复杂,对人体健康有一定风险,包括皮肤损伤。因此,筛选有效的细菌 CDA 是当务之急。在这项研究中,我们首次从海洋蟹壳的漂洗水中分离出了一株 Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus 细菌,并发现它是一种强效的 CDA 生产者。对 A. aneurinilyticus 的细胞外 CDA 进行了部分纯化,发现该酶的特异性活性为 569.73 U/mg 蛋白。纯化样品的 SDS-PAGE 分析显示 CDA 有两种异构体,分子量分别为 27 kD 和 45 kD。纯化的 CDA 的最适 pH 值和温度分别为 7.4 和 37 °C。对于对硝基乙酰苯胺等非几丁质底物,部分纯化酶的 Km 值和 Vmax 值分别为 98.455 µM 和 909.09 µmole/min。对于乙二醇甲壳素、N-乙酰葡糖胺六聚物和胶体甲壳素等几丁质底物,该酶的 Km 值分别为 96.96、111.75 和 127.86 µM,Vmax 值分别为 23.31、10.12 和 10.772 µmole/min。锰和镁等金属离子大大提高了 CDA 的产量和活性,而镉和钴则强烈抑制了其活性。这项研究的发现进一步证实了这种酶遵循 Michaelis-Menten 方程,具有工业应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Advancing cryptococcal treatment: The role of nanoparticles in mitigating antifungal resistance 推进隐球菌治疗:纳米粒子在减轻抗真菌耐药性方面的作用
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100323
Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari, Leela Kakithakara Vajravelu, Abhishek Satheesan, Jayaprakash Thulukanam
Cryptococcus, a ubiquitous and formidable fungal pathogen, contributes to a substantial global disease burden, with nearly 250,000 cases and 181,000 fatalities attributed to cryptococcal meningitis annually worldwide. The invasive nature of Cryptococcus presents significant challenges in treatment and management, as it mostly affects vulnerable populations, including HIV patients, organ transplant recipients, pregnant women, and elderly individuals. Moreover, these difficulties are exacerbated by the development of antifungal resistance, which emphasizes the need for efficient control measures. In this context, research efforts focusing on infection control and novel therapeutic strategies become paramount. Nanoparticle-based therapies emerge as a solution, offering advanced antifungal properties and improved efficacy. Developing effective treatment options requires understanding the complex landscape of cryptococcal infections and the innovative potential of nanoparticle-based therapies. This review highlights the urgent need for novel strategies to combat the growing threat posed by antifungal resistance while offering insights into the intricate realm of cryptococcal infections, particularly focusing on the promising role of nanoparticle-based therapies.
隐球菌是一种无处不在的可怕真菌病原体,给全球造成了巨大的疾病负担,全世界每年有近 25 万例病例和 18.1 万人死于隐球菌脑膜炎。隐球菌的侵袭性给治疗和管理带来了巨大挑战,因为它主要影响易感人群,包括艾滋病患者、器官移植受者、孕妇和老年人。此外,抗真菌抗药性的产生也加剧了这些困难,因此需要采取有效的控制措施。在这种情况下,以感染控制和新型治疗策略为重点的研究工作变得至关重要。以纳米粒子为基础的疗法是一种解决方案,它具有先进的抗真菌特性和更好的疗效。要开发有效的治疗方案,就必须了解隐球菌感染的复杂情况以及基于纳米粒子疗法的创新潜力。这篇综述强调了迫切需要新型战略来应对抗真菌耐药性带来的日益严重的威胁,同时深入探讨了隐球菌感染的复杂领域,尤其关注了基于纳米颗粒的疗法所发挥的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Abscesses due to Melioidosis: A case-based review 梅里埃病引起的脓肿:病例回顾
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100321
Nitin Gupta , Sundeep Malla , Carl Boodman , Tirlangi Praveen Kumar , Muralidhar Varma , Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
Melioidosis is caused by percutaneous inoculation or inhalation of Burkholderia pseudomallei, predominantly among individuals with risk factors (diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, etc.) from endemic areas of South Asia, Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. While some patients present acutely with sepsis and multi-organ failure, others present with a subacute to chronic course characterised by abscess formation. We present nine representative cases, each with an abscess at a separate site (lung, skin, bone/ joint, prostate, parotid gland, liver, spleen, brain and orbits). Using these cases as examples, we reviewed the literature on abscesses in various organs.
Melioidosis(美拉菌病)是由经皮接种或吸入假马利伯克霍尔德氏菌引起的,主要发生在南亚、东南亚和澳大利亚北部流行地区有危险因素(糖尿病、免疫抑制等)的人群中。一些患者会出现急性败血症和多器官功能衰竭,而另一些患者则会出现以脓肿形成为特征的亚急性至慢性病程。我们介绍了九个具有代表性的病例,每个病例都在不同部位(肺、皮肤、骨/关节、前列腺、腮腺、肝、脾、脑和眼眶)形成脓肿。以这些病例为例,我们回顾了有关各器官脓肿的文献。
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引用次数: 0
Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from cacti root under drought condition 干旱条件下仙人掌根部植物生长促进根瘤菌的分离与鉴定
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100319
Kumar Shreshtha , Aman Prakash , Prashant Kumar Pandey , Arun Kumar Pal , Jyotsna Singh , Pooja Tripathi , Debasis Mitra , Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal , Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos , Vijay Tripathi
Plant growth-promoting rhizobia (PGPR) helps plants grow and develop by protecting them from abiotic and biotic stresses, increasing the synthesis of chemicals that promote growth, and enabling the uptake of nutrients. Drought is one of the biggest problems throughout the world. The search for novel and efficient drought-resistant microorganisms that reduce the adverse effects executed by drought is a significant alternative. This study aimed to isolate and characterize PGPR strains from the Opuntia Ficus-Indica cactus plant's rhizosphere, cultivated in the semi-arid Shankargarh district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Tests for plant growth-promoting activity, such as the generation of indole acetic acid (IAA), phosphate solubilization, ammonia, carboxymethyl cellulase, and protease activity, were performed on all bacterial isolates. There were 246 bacterial strains isolated from the rhizospheric zone, and only 16.6 % showed drought resistance and various plant growth-promoting traits. The Bacillus sp. strain promoted the growth promotion of Capsicum annum L. under water stress (30 % field capacity). Additionally, Bacillus sp. isolates, with their potential for drought tolerance and plant growth promotion, could be applied in sustainable agriculture to enhance crop yield and resilience to water scarcity.
植物生长促进根瘤菌(PGPR)通过保护植物免受非生物和生物胁迫、增加促进植物生长的化学物质的合成以及促进植物对养分的吸收,帮助植物生长发育。干旱是全世界最大的问题之一。寻找新型高效抗旱微生物以减少干旱带来的不利影响是一个重要的选择。本研究旨在从印度北方邦半干旱的 Shankargarh 地区栽培的 Opuntia Ficus-Indica 仙人掌植物根瘤层中分离出 PGPR 菌株并确定其特征。对所有细菌分离物进行了植物生长促进活性测试,如生成吲哚乙酸(IAA)、磷酸盐溶解、氨、羧甲基纤维素酶和蛋白酶活性。从根瘤区分离出的 246 株细菌中,只有 16.6% 表现出抗旱性和各种促进植物生长的特性。芽孢杆菌菌株在水分胁迫下对辣椒的生长有促进作用(30% 的田间能力)。此外,芽孢杆菌分离株具有耐旱和促进植物生长的潜力,可应用于可持续农业,以提高作物产量和对缺水的适应能力。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the genetic progression of MDR1 in Plasmodium falciparum: A decade of multi-regional genetic analysis (2014–2024) 探索恶性疟原虫 MDR1 的遗传进展:多区域遗传分析十年(2014-2024 年)
IF 4.8 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100304
Olugbenga Ayodeji Mokuolu , George Oche Ambrose , Mohammed Baba Abdulkadir , Selimat Ibrahim , Itiolu Ibilola Funsho , Toluwani Mokuolu

Background

The genetic progression of the MDR1 gene in Plasmodium falciparum, a key factor in drug resistance, presents significant challenges for malaria control. This study aims to elucidate the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of P. falciparum, particularly focusing on the MDR1 gene across multi-regional populations. To analyze the genetic diversity of P. falciparum MDR1 gene across various multi-regional populations between 2014 and 2024, assessing allelic richness, genetic distances, and evolutionary patterns.

Methods

We conducted an extensive genetic analysis using methods such as Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA), pairwise population matrices of Nei unbiased genetic distance and identity, PhiPT and Phi'PT values, and Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA). The study covered diverse P. falciparum populations from India, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Honduras, China, and Cameroon.

Findings

Our findings reveal significant genetic heterogeneity in the MDR1 gene. Populations like India: Odisha (2014) exhibited high allelic richness, indicating diverse drug resistance profiles. Notable genetic divergence was observed, especially between India (2016) and Nigeria (2020), suggesting different evolutionary trajectories in drug resistance. The PCoA analysis highlighted the multi-dimensional genetic variation, reflecting the complex interplay of factors influencing drug resistance in P. falciparum.

Interpretation

The comprehensive analysis of P. falciparum's MDR1 gene provides crucial insights into the multi-regional patterns of drug resistance. This knowledge is essential for developing effective malaria control measures and adapting treatment strategies to the evolving genetic diversity of the parasite.
背景恶性疟原虫的 MDR1 基因是产生抗药性的关键因素,其遗传进展给疟疾控制工作带来了重大挑战。本研究旨在阐明恶性疟原虫的遗传多样性和进化动态,尤其侧重于跨区域种群的 MDR1 基因。方法我们使用分子方差分析(AMOVA)、Nei无偏遗传距离和同一性的配对种群矩阵、PhiPT和Phi'PT值以及主坐标分析(PCoA)等方法进行了广泛的遗传分析。研究覆盖了来自印度、尼日利亚、埃塞俄比亚、洪都拉斯、中国和喀麦隆的不同恶性疟原虫种群。我们的研究结果表明,MDR1 基因具有显著的遗传异质性:Odisha(2014 年)等位基因丰富度较高,表明耐药性特征多样。我们观察到显著的遗传差异,尤其是印度(2016 年)和尼日利亚(2020 年)之间的差异,这表明耐药性的进化轨迹不同。PCoA 分析凸显了多维遗传变异,反映了影响恶性疟原虫耐药性的各种因素之间复杂的相互作用。这些知识对于制定有效的疟疾控制措施和调整治疗策略以适应寄生虫不断变化的遗传多样性至关重要。
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Current Research in Microbial Sciences
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