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A lightweight and privacy preserved federated learning ecosystem for analyzing verbal communication emotions in identical and non-identical databases 用于分析相同和非相同数据库中语言交流情感的轻量级、保护隐私的联合学习生态系统
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101268
Muskan Chawla , Surya Narayan Panda , Vikas Khullar , Sushil Kumar , Shyama Barna Bhattacharjee

The lack of vocal emotional expression is a major deficit in social communication disorders. The current scenario of artificial intelligence focuses on collaborative training of deep learning models without losing data privacy. The primary objective of this paper is to propose a federated learning-based classification model to identify and analyze the emotional capabilities of individuals with vocal emotion deficits. The methodology has developed a collaborative and privacy-preserved approach using federated learning for training the deep learning models. The proposed methodology utilizes Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) to preprocess audio recordings. The four datasets (RAVDESS, CREMA, TESS, SAVEE) including emotion-based classified audio recordings were collected from open sources. The collected audio recordings are 3 s each and the total data set has 668376 audio files with happy - 175119 files, sad – 172611 files, angry – 176346 files, and normal - 144300 files. Further, the input audio was pre-processed to generate MFCC features. The study began with extracting features from multiple pre-trained DL models as its base model. Then, the performance of the federated learning (FL) model was tested on independent and identically distributed (IID) and non-IID data. Further, this paper presents a federated deep learning-based multimodal system for verbal communication emotions classification that uses audio datasets to meet data privacy requirements by DL on the FL ecosystem. As per the findings, the federated learning trained model provides nearly similar parametric results in comparison to base model training. For IID data, the model had 99.71 % validation accuracy, precision (99.73 %), recall (99.69 %), and validation loss (0.01). The FL architecture with non-IID data outperformed these measures with validation accuracy (99.97 %), precision (99.97 %), recall (99.97 %), and least loss (0). Hence the acquired results support the utilization of federated learning ecosystem-based trained models with identically and non-identically distributed audio features from emotion identification without losing parametric results. In conclusion, the proposed techniques could be applied to identify verbal emotional deficits in individuals and could support developing emerging technological interventions for their well-being.

缺乏声音情感表达是社交沟通障碍的一大缺陷。当前人工智能的应用场景主要是在不丢失数据隐私的前提下对深度学习模型进行协同训练。本文的主要目的是提出一种基于联合学习的分类模型,用于识别和分析发声情感缺失者的情感能力。该方法开发了一种使用联合学习训练深度学习模型的协作和隐私保护方法。所提出的方法利用梅尔频率倒频谱系数(MFCC)对音频录音进行预处理。四个数据集(RAVDESS、CREMA、TESS、SAVEE)包括基于情感的分类音频录音,均从公开来源收集。收集到的音频记录每段 3 秒,数据集共有 668376 个音频文件,其中开心的有 175119 个文件,悲伤的有 172611 个文件,生气的有 176346 个文件,正常的有 144300 个文件。此外,还对输入音频进行了预处理,以生成 MFCC 特征。研究首先从多个预训练的 DL 模型中提取特征作为基础模型。然后,在独立同分布(IID)和非独立同分布数据上测试了联合学习(FL)模型的性能。此外,本文还介绍了一种基于联合深度学习的多模态语言交流情感分类系统,该系统使用音频数据集,通过 FL 生态系统上的 DL 满足数据隐私要求。根据研究结果,与基础模型训练相比,联盟学习训练的模型提供了几乎相似的参数结果。对于 IID 数据,该模型的验证准确率为 99.71%,精确度为 99.73%,召回率为 99.69%,验证损失为 0.01%。使用非 IID 数据的 FL 架构在验证准确率(99.97 %)、精确率(99.97 %)、召回率(99.97 %)和最小损失(0)方面均优于上述指标。因此,所获得的结果支持利用基于联合学习生态系统的训练模型,在不损失参数结果的情况下,从情感识别中获得相同和非相同分布的音频特征。总之,所提出的技术可用于识别个人的言语情绪缺陷,并有助于开发新兴的技术干预措施,以促进他们的福祉。
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion behavior of X60 pipeline steel in the presence of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria cultured in seawater and mud from the East China Sea 在东海海水和淤泥中培养的硫酸盐还原菌存在下 X60 管线钢的腐蚀行为
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101266
Ming Sun , Xinhua Wang , Wei Cui

Sulfate-reducing Bacteria (SRB) corrosion is a serious threat to the safety of marine pipelines.To reveal the influence of the corrosion behavior of X60 pipeline steel in the presence of SRB cultured in seawater and mud from the East China Sea The corrosion behavior of X60 pipeline steel was studied with weight loss measurements, microstructure and membrane composition analysis, electrochemical measurements The corrosion rate in sterile seawater is 0.11 mm/y, whereas, in SRB-infested seawater, it increases by 245 % to 0.38 mm/y. In sterile sea mud, the corrosion rate is 0.15 mm/y, but in SRB-infested sea mud, it increases by 87 % to 0.28 mm/y. In the corrosive environment of seawater and mud in the East China Sea, SRB significantly accelerates the microbial corrosion of X60 pipeline steel. These findings provide theoretical guidance for further research on SRB corrosion mechanisms and corrosion control of marine pipelines.

硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)腐蚀严重威胁着海洋管道的安全。为了揭示东海海水和海泥中培养的 SRB 对 X60 管线钢腐蚀行为的影响,采用失重测量、微观结构和膜成分分析、电化学测量等方法对 X60 管线钢的腐蚀行为进行了研究。在无菌海泥中,腐蚀速率为 0.15 毫米/年,但在有 SRB 的海泥中,腐蚀速率增加了 87%,达到 0.28 毫米/年。在东海海水和海泥的腐蚀环境中,SRB 明显加速了 X60 管线钢的微生物腐蚀。这些发现为进一步研究 SRB 腐蚀机理和海洋管道腐蚀控制提供了理论指导。
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引用次数: 0
DBN-protected material Enhanced intrusion prevention sensor system defends against cyber attacks in the IoT devices DBN 保护材料 增强型入侵防御传感器系统可抵御物联网设备中的网络攻击
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101263
P. Ajay , B. Nagaraj , R. Arun Kumar , V. Suthana , M. Ruth Keziah

By linking objects globally, the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed technology with the goal of achieving an unparalleled degree of intelligence that will benefit mankind in many areas. Resilient applications in safety, healthcare, and industrial processes rely heavily on continuous connectivity and interaction with surrounding objects. But the IoT ecosystem's enormous number of businesses and apps significantly raises the possibility of unwanted access, raising worries about cyberattacks. It is important to protect symmetrical networks used in modern communication from these dangers. With an emphasis on a sophisticated intrusion detection and prevention system based on Deep Belief Symmetrical Networks (DBNs), this study investigates cutting edge techniques and tactics for preventing security breaches. Our research specifically investigates possibly dangerous behaviour within IoT symmetrical networks and attempts to determine its source. We present a DBN-protected material improved symmetrical intrusion prevention sensor system that improves IoT device security. We improve the system's capacity to identify and prevent cyber-attacks by exploiting DBNs. We compare the suggested method's performance to industry-standard Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) algorithms and Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs) to assess its effectiveness. We create results that demonstrate the usefulness of our method in fighting against cyber-attacks in the IoT environment through rigorous research and testing. This study advances the development of safe IoT Symmetrical devices and encourages the full realization of their promise in allowing a connected and intelligent world.

物联网(IoT)通过将全球范围内的物体连接起来,改变了技术,其目标是实现无与伦比的智能化,在许多领域造福人类。安全、医疗保健和工业流程中的弹性应用在很大程度上依赖于与周围物体的持续连接和互动。但是,物联网生态系统中大量的业务和应用程序大大增加了意外访问的可能性,引发了对网络攻击的担忧。必须保护现代通信中使用的对称网络免受这些危险。本研究以基于深度信念对称网络(DBN)的复杂入侵检测和防御系统为重点,研究了防止安全漏洞的前沿技术和策略。我们的研究特别调查了物联网对称网络中可能存在的危险行为,并试图确定其来源。我们提出了一种 DBN 保护材料改进型对称入侵防御传感器系统,可提高物联网设备的安全性。我们利用 DBN 提高了系统识别和预防网络攻击的能力。我们将建议方法的性能与行业标准入侵检测系统(IDS)算法和域生成算法(DGA)进行了比较,以评估其有效性。通过严格的研究和测试,我们得出的结果证明了我们的方法在物联网环境中对抗网络攻击的实用性。这项研究推动了安全物联网对称设备的发展,并鼓励全面实现其在互联和智能世界中的承诺。
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引用次数: 0
Indium tin oxide as a dual region resistance temperature detector 作为双区电阻温度检测器的氧化铟锡
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101265
K. Rivera , O.J. Gregory

Resistance temperature detectors (RTD’s) have seen an increase in popularity due to their measurement accuracy and reliability compared to thermocouples. Most RTD’s are made from refractory noble metals such as platinum due to their resistance to oxidation at temperatures greater than 800 °C and near linear output over large temperature ranges. Conductive oxides have been investigated in high temperature RTD applications due to their stability in oxidizing environments, inherently large temperature coefficients of resistance (TCR) and high melting points. In this study, thin film RTDs comprised of indium tin oxide (ITO) sputter deposited in an argon rich atmosphere were fabricated and tested. ITO RTD’s exhibited a positive TCR between 20 °C and 500 °C and a negative TCR between 700 °C and 1000 °C, thus making it suitable for temperature measurement in two different temperature regions.

与热电偶相比,电阻温度检测器(RTD)的测量精度和可靠性使其越来越受欢迎。大多数热电阻由铂等难熔贵金属制成,因为它们在温度超过 800 °C 时具有抗氧化性,并且在较大温度范围内具有接近线性的输出。导电氧化物因其在氧化环境中的稳定性、固有的大电阻温度系数(TCR)和高熔点,已被研究用于高温热电阻。在这项研究中,我们制造并测试了在富氩气环境中溅射沉积的铟锡氧化物(ITO)薄膜热电阻。ITO RTD 在 20 °C 至 500 °C 之间的热电阻系数为正,在 700 °C 至 1000 °C 之间的热电阻系数为负,因此适用于两个不同温度区域的温度测量。
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引用次数: 0
Design and implementation of a mobile medical and continuing care system based on wireless sensor networks 基于无线传感器网络的移动医疗和持续护理系统的设计与实施
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101259
Xiao Ye , Xin lv

The Android system has good compatibility, freedom, rich hardware resources and a good development environment. At the same time, it can also work with Google services to obtain external support. Android is an open source operating system platform, which is similar to the iOS platform. In contrast, developers have more room for development, making the Android platform more people use. This article aims to develop a mobile medical system based on the Android operating system that integrates search engines, maps, and hospital HIS systems. The users are mainly patients, doctors and system administrators. Patients can register online and use mobile healthcare to pay online. They can also upload various physical indicators to record their daily health status. The establishment of health files is convenient for doctors to make health assessments and provide patients with medical consultation and medical health protection. Patients can also realize hospital navigation, intra-hospital navigation, and view various hospital inspection reports through the APP. The design of mobile medical service system is to design user behavior in the system based on the concept of service design. Therefore, in the process of system design, it is necessary to comprehensively consider service design principles and related factors, and propose behavior design principles that conform to service design theory. This study uses a mutual continuation care platform to implement seamless care for patients. Patients and medical staff can realize the continuation of the relationship and the continuity of information, and the patients can receive comprehensive guidance in a timely and effective manner. It can provide a reference basis for improving the continuity management and information management of patients in China, and provide reference value for the standardization and standardization of patients' continuation of nursing care standards and procedures.

安卓系统具有良好的兼容性、自由度、丰富的硬件资源和良好的开发环境。同时,它还可以与谷歌服务合作,获得外部支持。安卓是一个开源操作系统平台,与 iOS 平台类似。相比之下,开发者有更大的开发空间,使得安卓平台有更多人使用。本文旨在开发一个基于安卓操作系统的移动医疗系统,该系统集成了搜索引擎、地图和医院 HIS 系统。用户主要是患者、医生和系统管理员。患者可以在线注册,并使用移动医疗进行在线支付。他们还可以上传各种身体指标,记录日常健康状况。健康档案的建立便于医生进行健康评估,为患者提供医疗咨询和医疗健康保障。患者还可以通过 APP 实现医院导航、院内导航,查看医院的各种检查报告。移动医疗服务系统的设计是基于服务设计的理念来设计用户在系统中的行为。因此,在系统设计过程中,需要综合考虑服务设计原则及相关因素,提出符合服务设计理论的行为设计原则。本研究利用相互延续护理平台,对患者实施无缝隙护理。患者与医务人员可以实现关系的延续和信息的延续,患者可以及时有效地得到全面的指导。可为完善我国患者延续管理和信息管理提供参考依据,为规范化、标准化患者延续护理标准和流程提供参考价值。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing the corrosion resistance of mild steel coated zinc studies 增强低碳钢镀锌层耐腐蚀性的研究
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101264
Jyoti S. Kavirajwar , A. Suvitha , Herri Trilaksana , Hanan Alzahrani , Nouf Alharbi , Hala Siddiq , S. Sasi Florence

In the presence of a newly created brightener, the zinc metal is coated on steel using the electro deposition process. Experiments using hull cells are used to optimize the settings and components of plating baths. Tafel Polarization and EIS techniques were used to conduct corrosion experiments, which made it possible to investigate the brilliant zinc coating's effective corrosion resistance. SEM and Reflectance spectroscopy both confirm that the bright zinc coating has modified surface morphology. XRD analysis is used to study and validate changes in crystallite orientation and phase structure. Electrochemical methods and theoretical molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were used to examine the interaction between Zn and the metal surface. FTIR spectroscopy has been used in blend investigations which impacts on the physical characteristics of polymer blends. The results of these research showed how novel brighteners can improve zinc deposits' brightness and corrosion resistance when applied to mild steel substrates.

在新制光亮剂的作用下,利用电沉积工艺在钢材上镀上金属锌。使用船体电池进行的实验用于优化电镀槽的设置和成分。使用塔菲尔极化和 EIS 技术进行腐蚀实验,从而研究了光亮锌镀层的有效耐腐蚀性。扫描电子显微镜和反射光谱都证实了光亮锌镀层具有改良的表面形态。XRD 分析用于研究和验证晶粒取向和相结构的变化。电化学方法和理论分子动力学(MD)模拟用于研究锌与金属表面之间的相互作用。傅立叶变换红外光谱被用于混合研究,这对聚合物混合物的物理特性产生了影响。这些研究结果表明了新型光亮剂如何在应用于低碳钢基材时提高锌沉积物的亮度和耐腐蚀性。
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引用次数: 0
Management information platform based on Internet of Things 基于物联网的管理信息平台
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101262
Lixia Chang, Lifeng Liu

In order to study the financial management mode and innovation of electric power enterprises under the current situation, a research method of electric power financial management innovation in the era of Internet of Things is proposed. According to the network topology of the system and the analysis of the Android system, the client of the financial management system, the main functional modules of the system and the data warehouse are designed. The client of the financial management system will divide the client into an information interaction unit and a data calculation unit according to the actual needs of the client; the main functional modules of the system are divided into account management unit, salary management unit, project management unit, system management unit, and fixed asset management unit. Unit, revenue and expenditure management unit and report management unit, the sub-units of each unit are divided into brief analysis, and the outpatient registration fee management module and inpatient fee management module of the revenue and expenditure management unit are introduced in detail; in the hospital financial data warehouse, in the application layer An interactive platform is built between it and the data warehouse, and the module is integrated into the existing data warehouse to realize the processing, storage and operation of massive data. The proposed system has a large operating safety factor, high user satisfaction, and an average system flexibility factor of 0.94. The power financial management information platform based on the Internet of Things has a very good performance in the application. Therefore, the method in this paper can enhance the work efficiency of electric power enterprises and enhance the core competitiveness of electric power enterprises.

为了研究当前形势下电力企业的财务管理模式与创新,提出了物联网时代电力财务管理创新的研究方法。根据系统的网络拓扑结构和对Android系统的分析,设计了财务管理系统的客户端、系统的主要功能模块和数据仓库。财务管理系统客户端将根据客户端的实际需要分为信息交互单元和数据计算单元;系统主要功能模块分为账务管理单元、工资管理单元、项目管理单元、系统管理单元、固定资产管理单元。单元、收支管理单元和报表管理单元,对各单元的子单元进行了简要分析,并对收支管理单元中的门诊挂号收费管理模块和住院收费管理模块进行了详细介绍;在医院财务数据仓库中,在应用层中与数据仓库之间建立交互平台,将模块集成到现有的数据仓库中,实现海量数据的处理、存储和操作。所提出的系统运行安全系数大,用户满意度高,系统平均灵活系数为 0.94。基于物联网的电力财务管理信息平台在应用中有很好的表现。因此,本文的方法可以提高电力企业的工作效率,增强电力企业的核心竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
OCL-MEC: An online CPU-core prediction based on load balancing framework for offloading resource management in mobile edge computing environment OCL-MEC:基于负载均衡框架的在线 CPU 内核预测,用于移动边缘计算环境中的卸载资源管理
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101258
Chander Diwaker, Aarti Sharma

Clients can increase or decrease the number of resources they use dynamically over time due to the elasticity of cloud resources. As a result, variations in resource demands and predefined VM sizes result in a lack of resource utiliation, load imbalances, and excessive power consumption. A framework of efficient resource management is proposed to address these issues, balancing the load accordingly and anticipating the resource utilization of the servers. By optimizing resource utilization and minimizing the number of active servers, this technique facilitates power savings. Under/overloaded servers reduce energy consumption, execution delay, and performance degradation through a resource prediction system that is deployed at the CPU. Moreover, OCL-MEC load-balancing and resource allocation algorithms are proposed to reduce data center network traffic and power consumption. Experiments on real-world workload datasets, namely Bitsbrain VM traces, are conducted to evaluate the proposed framework. Different performance metrics demonstrate the superiority of the proposed framework over state-of-the-art approaches. Power savings of up to 98 % can be achieved by the OCL-MEC framework using a decision tree load balancing model based on HMM prediction systems.

由于云资源的弹性,客户可以随着时间的推移动态地增加或减少其使用的资源数量。因此,资源需求的变化和预定义的虚拟机大小会导致资源利用不足、负载不平衡和功耗过高。为解决这些问题,我们提出了一个高效资源管理框架,以相应地平衡负载并预测服务器的资源利用率。通过优化资源利用率和最大限度地减少活动服务器的数量,该技术有助于节约电能。通过部署在中央处理器上的资源预测系统,负载不足/过载的服务器可减少能耗、执行延迟和性能下降。此外,还提出了 OCL-MEC 负载均衡和资源分配算法,以减少数据中心的网络流量和功耗。在真实工作负载数据集(即 Bitsbrain 虚拟机跟踪)上进行了实验,以评估所提出的框架。不同的性能指标证明了所提出的框架优于最先进的方法。使用基于 HMM 预测系统的决策树负载平衡模型,OCL-MEC 框架可实现高达 98% 的功率节省。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation of network forensics model based on wireless sensor networks and inference technology 基于无线传感器网络和推理技术的网络取证模型模拟
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101261
Hao Zhang

The purpose of network forensics is forensic analysis of traces after hacker attacks, obtaining electronic evidence of Cyber Crime, and accusing hackers by electronic evidence. Both foreign and domestic, the research of network forensics is in the beginning stage, and the technology of network forensics is developed in this background. An analysis system of fuzzy decision tree based network forensics, network forensics personnel to assist in the network environment of computer crime forensics analysis. The experimental results of this method are given and compared with the existing methods of the analysis results. The experimental results show that this system can classify most kinds of events (the average correct classification rate. 91.16 %), can provide comprehensible information for network forensics personnel, to assist forensic personnel for rapid and efficient analysis of the evidence.

网络取证的目的是对黑客攻击后的痕迹进行取证分析,获取网络犯罪的电子证据,通过电子证据指控黑客。无论是国外还是国内,对网络取证的研究都处于起步阶段,网络取证技术就是在这样的背景下发展起来的。一种基于模糊决策树的网络取证分析系统,辅助网络取证人员对网络环境下的计算机犯罪进行取证分析。给出了该方法的实验结果,并与现有方法的分析结果进行了比较。实验结果表明,该系统能对大多数类型的事件进行分类(平均正确分类率为 91.16 %),能为网络取证人员提供可理解的信息,协助取证人员进行快速高效的证据分析。
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引用次数: 0
Application of IoT voice devices based on artificial intelligence data mining in motion training feature recognition 基于人工智能数据挖掘的物联网语音设备在运动训练特征识别中的应用
Q4 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101260
Fuquan Bao, Feng Gao, Weijun Li

As a cross-perception and cognitive research field in video understanding, motion training feature recognition is a very challenging task to establish a good spatio-temporal modeling of human motion due to the uncertainty of human motion speed, start and end time, appearance and posture, as well as the interference of physical factors such as lighting, perspective and occlusion. The purpose of this study is to use artificial intelligence data mining technology to study the feature recognition application of iot voice devices in sports training. Install the sensor in the appropriate position according to the position and posture to be measured. Ensure that the sensor can accurately measure the relevant features and maintain a stable connection. Using iot voice devices for data acquisition, sensors collect data on relevant features in real time to transmit the data to a cloud platform or local processing device via a wireless connection. By analyzing and mining the data collected by iot voice devices, we hope to effectively identify the characteristics of sports training and provide accurate feedback and guidance for athletes and coaches. The experimental results show that the iot voice device based on artificial intelligence data mining has achieved good results in the feature recognition application of sports training. Through the analysis of sports training data, we can successfully identify the characteristic patterns of different movements, and accurately predict the athletic state and posture of athletes.

运动训练特征识别作为视频理解中的一个交叉感知和认知研究领域,由于人体运动速度、起始和结束时间、外观和姿态的不确定性,以及光照、透视和遮挡等物理因素的干扰,要建立良好的人体运动时空建模是一项非常具有挑战性的任务。本研究的目的是利用人工智能数据挖掘技术研究 iot 语音设备在运动训练中的特征识别应用。根据需要测量的位置和姿势,将传感器安装在适当的位置。确保传感器能够准确测量相关特征并保持稳定连接。利用 iot 语音设备进行数据采集,传感器实时收集相关特征数据,通过无线连接将数据传输到云平台或本地处理设备。我们希望通过对 iot 语音设备采集的数据进行分析和挖掘,有效识别运动训练的特点,为运动员和教练员提供准确的反馈和指导。实验结果表明,基于人工智能数据挖掘的 iot 语音设备在体育训练的特征识别应用中取得了良好的效果。通过对运动训练数据的分析,我们可以成功识别不同动作的特征规律,准确预测运动员的运动状态和姿态。
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Measurement Sensors
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