Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering最新文献_第2页

Decarbonizing ethylene production via renewable energy electrification: A techno-economic and environmental assessment 通过可再生能源电气化脱碳乙烯生产：技术经济和环境评估

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2026.101323

Rachid Klaimi , Sabla Y. Alnouri , Aleksa Miladinović , Mirko Stijepović

The transition to sustainable production in the chemical industry is essential for achieving global decarbonization targets. This study explores the electrification of an ethylene plant by replacing its conventional natural gas (NG) boilers with electric boilers powered by renewable energy sources. Unlike previous works that focus on single-technology substitution, this paper provides a comprehensive, system-level assessment of ethylene plant electrification by comparing integrated scenarios of concentrated solar power (CSP), photovoltaic (PV) solar energy, and wind power. The optimal configuration is evaluated based on economic feasibility, environmental impact, and land requirements, offering a methodology that can be adopted for other energy-intensive petrochemical processes. The analysis reveals that while wind energy presents the lowest cost among the available renewable sources, its significant land footprint poses a major challenge, particularly when direct power supply to electric boilers is required. Conversely, CSP, despite being the most expensive option, offers the advantage of simultaneously generating steam and power, enhancing system efficiency. PV-based electrification, positioned between wind and CSP in terms of cost and land use, presents a balanced alternative. The study also investigates the prospects of supplementing on-site renewable generation with imported clean electricity to overcome land constraints and improve operational resilience. The findings provide valuable insights into the trade-offs between cost, sustainability, and spatial constraints in electrifying ethylene production, and they outline potential pathways toward a low-carbon, robust and scalable future for the petrochemical sector.

化学工业向可持续生产过渡对于实现全球脱碳目标至关重要。本研究探讨了乙烯工厂的电气化，用可再生能源驱动的电锅炉取代其传统的天然气锅炉。与以往专注于单一技术替代的研究不同，本文通过比较聚光太阳能（CSP）、光伏太阳能（PV）和风能的综合方案，对乙烯装置电气化进行了全面的系统级评估。根据经济可行性、环境影响和土地需求对最佳配置进行评估，提供一种可用于其他能源密集型石化工艺的方法。分析显示，虽然风能是现有可再生能源中成本最低的，但其巨大的土地足迹构成了重大挑战，特别是在需要直接向电锅炉供电时。相反，尽管CSP是最昂贵的选择，但它提供了同时产生蒸汽和电力的优势，提高了系统效率。基于pv的电气化在成本和土地使用方面介于风能和CSP之间，提供了一种平衡的替代方案。该研究还调查了用进口清洁电力补充现场可再生能源发电的前景，以克服土地限制并提高运营弹性。研究结果为乙烯电气化生产的成本、可持续性和空间限制之间的权衡提供了有价值的见解，并概述了石化行业迈向低碳、稳健和可扩展未来的潜在途径。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of antifouling paint particles and plastic in the port of Callao-Peru 秘鲁卡亚俄港防污涂料颗粒和塑料的评价

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101317

Lorgio Valdiviezo-Gonzales , Gabriel De-la-Torre , Fernando García Avila

Antifouling paint particles (APPs) are an emerging but poorly characterized component of particulate contamination in port environments, particularly in the Global South. This study presents the first sediment-based assessment of APPs in the Port of Callao, Peru, one of the most active and industrialized ports in the southeast Pacific. Surface sediment samples were collected across functionally distinct port zones associated with shipyard operations, fueling of small vessels, commercial shipping, fishing activities, and recreational use. APPs and plastic particles larger than 500 μm were isolated, morphologically characterized, and chemically identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. APPs were detected at all sites, with concentrations ranging from 11.7 to 4725 μg g⁻¹, and the highest loads were observed near the shipyard and fueling areas, indicating that maintenance-related activities were the dominant sources. APPs exhibited a flake-like, brittle morphology and were enriched in metal-based pigments, whereas polyethylene and polypropylene fragments and fibers predominated among plastics. The co-occurrence of APPs and plastics highlights port sediments as sinks for mixed particulate contaminants linked to maritime activities. Although sediment normalization parameters were not assessed, the results provide a baseline dataset for the region and offer conceptual insight into how port zoning and activity types influence APP accumulation. The findings suggest the need to improve the management of hull-cleaning practices and the routine monitoring of paint-derived particles in port environments.

防污涂料颗粒（APPs）是港口环境中一种新兴的颗粒污染成分，但特征不明确，特别是在全球南方。本研究首次对东南太平洋最活跃、工业化程度最高的港口之一秘鲁卡亚俄港的APPs进行了基于沉积物的评估。表层沉积物样本是在与造船厂作业、小型船只加油、商业航运、捕鱼活动和娱乐用途相关的功能不同的港口区域收集的。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱和能量色散x射线光谱对大于500 μm的app和塑料颗粒进行分离、形貌表征和化学鉴定。在所有站点均检测到APPs，浓度范围为11.7 ~ 4725 μg−1，且在船厂和加油区附近检测到最高负荷，表明维修相关活动是主要来源。app呈现片状、脆性形态，并富含金属基颜料，而塑料中以聚乙烯和聚丙烯碎片和纤维为主。APPs和塑料的共存凸显了港口沉积物是与海洋活动有关的混合颗粒污染物的汇。虽然没有评估沉积物归一化参数，但结果提供了该地区的基线数据集，并为港口分区和活动类型如何影响APP积累提供了概念性见解。研究结果表明，需要改善对船体清洁实践的管理，并对港口环境中油漆衍生颗粒进行常规监测。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of copper leaching from flash furnace dust and integrated mathematical-artificial neural network modeling of kinetics 闪速炉粉尘浸铜试验研究及动力学数学-人工神经网络综合建模

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101319

Hassan Razzani , Hassan Hashemipour , Amirhossain Karimi

Hydrometallurgical methods, particularly leaching, provide an effective approach for recovering copper from low-grade materials. This study experimentally investigates the influence of temperature, time, and acid concentration on leaching of copper from flash furnace dust containing oxide and sulfide forms, focusing on recovery efficiency. Results show that a 10 % increase in temperature (297–327 K) improves copper extraction efficiency by approximately 25 % (from 76 % to 95 %) within 40 min while acid concentration also effects on the extraction efficiency according to 75 % increasing in acid concentration (100–175) improve the efficiency 18 % within 40 min. Additionally by integrating the Shrinking Core Model (SCM) with artificial neural network, a new correlation for diffusion coefficient of acid within the dust is determined as D = 8.62 × 10⁻¹⁰exp(-2.57/T) × C^0.0253. Determination of the acid diffusion coefficient within solid particles enables precise prediction of process kinetics and facilitates optimization. This simulation achieved a relative error of approximately 2 %, demonstrating high predictive accuracy in the leaching progress.

湿法冶金法，特别是浸出法，为从低品位材料中回收铜提供了有效途径。实验研究了温度、时间和酸浓度对从含氧化物和硫化物的闪速炉粉尘中浸出铜的影响，重点研究了铜的回收效率。结果表明，温度升高10% （297 ~ 327 K）可使铜的萃取效率在40 min内提高约25%（从76%提高到95%），而酸浓度对萃取效率也有影响，酸浓度升高75%（100 ~ 175）可使萃取效率在40 min内提高18%。此外，将收缩核模型（SCM）与人工神经网络相结合，确定了粉尘中酸扩散系数的新相关性D = 8.62 × 10 - 10exp（-2.57/T） × C0.0253。固体颗粒内酸扩散系数的测定可以精确预测过程动力学并促进优化。该模拟的相对误差约为2%，表明了对浸出过程的高预测精度。

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引用次数: 0

Chlorine transport and decay analysis in water distribution systems using hydraulic simulation and physics- and chemistry-informed graph neural networks 利用水力模拟和物理化学信息图神经网络分析配水系统中的氯输运和衰变

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101321

Mostafa Khodakarami, Víctor R. Vásquez

Maintaining compliant chlorine residuals across water distribution networks is challenging because concentrations evolve under time-varying hydraulics, advective transport, and bulk and wall decay kinetics, while field monitoring is sparse. Physics-based simulators such as EPANET can represent these processes but require careful calibration and can be difficult to use for rapid, network-wide decision support, while purely data-driven models may violate basic transport and reaction constraints and often need dense measurements. This study develops a physics- and chemistry-informed graph neural network (GNN) that learns network-wide chlorine dynamics from hydraulic simulations while embedding domain features that represent connectivity, flow behavior, water age, and decay parameters. Two GNN architectures—a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and a Gated Graph Neural Network (GGNN)—are trained on features including pressure, demand, chlorine concentration, flow velocity, headloss, and decay coefficient that capture the system's hydraulic and chemical behavior. The approach is demonstrated on a subsection of Ward 4 in Reno, Nevada using a 240-h EPANET extended-period simulation dataset. Compared with a graph convolutional network baseline, the proposed GGNN improves predictive accuracy, reducing the mean absolute error from about 0.38 to 0.22 mg/L and the root mean square error from about 0.57 to 0.35 mg/L, while increasing coefficient of determination (R²) from about 0.93 to about 0.97. At a representative snapshot, results show that the GGNN significantly outperforms the GCN, achieving lower error and higher R² (>0.99), due to its iterative message-passing mechanism that captures long-range dependencies. Both models generalize well across hydraulic conditions, enabling accurate virtual sensing for real-time chlorine monitoring in sparsely instrumented networks.

在配水网络中维持符合要求的氯残留量是一项挑战，因为浓度会随着水力学、平流输送、体积和壁面衰变动力学的变化而变化，而现场监测很少。基于物理的模拟器（如EPANET）可以表示这些过程，但需要仔细校准，并且难以用于快速、全网范围的决策支持，而纯粹的数据驱动模型可能违反基本的传输和反应约束，通常需要密集的测量。本研究开发了一种基于物理和化学的图形神经网络（GNN），该网络可以从水力模拟中学习全网络范围的氯动力学，同时嵌入表示连通性、流动行为、水龄和衰变参数的域特征。两种GNN架构——图卷积网络（GCN）和门控图神经网络（GGNN）——根据压力、需求、氯浓度、流速、水头损失和衰减系数等特征进行训练，这些特征可以捕捉系统的水力和化学行为。使用240小时EPANET长周期模拟数据集，在内华达州里诺的Ward 4分区演示了该方法。与图卷积网络基线相比，所提出的GGNN提高了预测精度，平均绝对误差从约0.38降低到0.22 mg/L，均方根误差从约0.57降低到0.35 mg/L，而决定系数（R2）从约0.93提高到约0.97。在一个有代表性的快照中，结果表明GGNN明显优于GCN，实现了更低的误差和更高的R2 (>0.99)，这是由于其捕获远程依赖关系的迭代消息传递机制。这两种模型都可以很好地推广各种水力条件，从而在稀疏的仪器网络中实现精确的实时氯监测虚拟传感。

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引用次数: 0

Performance and Effectiveness Study of Biomass Pellet Composition and Excess Air Optimization on Emission Reduction and Thermal Efficiency: Application in Coal-Fired co-Firing Systems 生物质颗粒组成和过剩空气优化对减排和热效率的性能和有效性研究：在燃煤共烧系统中的应用

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101312

Aisyah Alifatul Zahidah Rohmah , Wahyu Meka , Ary Bachtiar , Ali Altway , Ardi Nugroho , Tri Widjaja

This study investigates the impact of excess air levels on pollutant emissions (CO, NO_x, SO₂, and CO₂) and thermal efficiency during the co-firing of 95 % sub-bituminous coal with 5 % biomass pellets of various compositions, including 100 % sawdust, 100 % rice husk, and blended ratios with cocopeat. Unlike previous studies that typically focused on single biomass feedstocks or limited emission parameters, this research provides a comprehensive evaluation of multi-biomass pellet combinations under varying excess air conditions and links combustion performance to both emission reduction and thermal efficiency. The work also integrates an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach to identify the most critical emission parameters influencing environmental performance. The results demonstrate that increasing excess air generally reduces NO_x and SO₂ emissions across all biomass types, while the optimal performance—marked by the highest thermal efficiency (74.40 %) and the lowest emission indices—was achieved for the sawdust-based configuration. This integrated thermochemical–environmental assessment offers a novel framework for optimizing co-firing operations in existing coal-fired systems to meet low-carbon transition targets.

本研究调查了过量空气水平对污染物排放（CO, NOx， SO2和CO2）和热效率的影响，在95%亚烟煤与5%不同成分的生物质颗粒共烧过程中，包括100%锯末，100%稻壳，以及与椰子油的混合比例。与以往的研究通常关注单一生物质原料或有限的排放参数不同，本研究对不同过剩空气条件下的多种生物质颗粒组合进行了全面评估，并将燃烧性能与减排和热效率联系起来。这项工作还整合了层次分析法（AHP）方法，以确定影响环境绩效的最关键排放参数。结果表明，在所有生物质类型中，增加过量空气通常会降低NOx和SO2的排放，而以木屑为基础的配置实现了最高热效率（74.40%）和最低排放指数的最佳性能。这种综合热化学-环境评估为优化现有燃煤系统的共烧操作提供了一个新的框架，以实现低碳转型目标。

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引用次数: 0

Performance of Chlorella vulgaris in iron removal from mildly neutralized acid mine drainage 普通小球藻在轻度中和酸性矿井废水中的除铁性能

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101316

Lina Patricia Vega Garzon , Paula Moreno , Gloria Lucia Camargo Millán

This research evaluated the performance of Chlorella vulgaris to remove Fe in acid coal mine drainage (AMD) as a resource-efficient treatment strategy. With nutrients and CO₂, the microalgae tolerated up to 100 % of AMD, showing growth rates similar to the control. In iron biosorption, after neutralization at pH 4, efficiencies of 79.8–90.8 % in 1 h and up to 92.4 % in 72 h were achieved. The Sips model best described adsorption (R² = 0.995; 223 mg Fe/g). These results show that minimum neutralization combined with living biomass enhances treatment efficiency and reduces chemical inputs, providing the basis for the scale-up of sustainable phytoremediation systems.

本研究评价了普通小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）作为一种资源高效处理策略对酸性煤矿废水中铁的去除效果。在营养和二氧化碳的作用下，微藻对AMD的耐受性高达100%，其生长速度与对照组相似。在铁的生物吸附中，在pH 4中和后，1 h的效率为79.8 - 90.8%，72 h的效率高达92.4%。Sips模型最能描述吸附（R2 = 0.995; 223 mg Fe/g）。这些结果表明，最小中和与活生物量的结合提高了处理效率，减少了化学物质的投入，为可持续植物修复系统的规模化提供了基础。

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of MIL-100(Fe) derived α-Fe2O3 for fabrication of α-Fe2O3/ZIF-8 as photocatalyst of malachite green degradation MIL-100（Fe）衍生α-Fe2O3的合成制备α-Fe2O3/ZIF-8作为孔雀石绿降解光催化剂

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101320

Karelius Karelius , Ratna Ediati , Eko Santoso , Uripto Trisno Santoso , Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa , Rifdah Adya Salsabila , Marvin Horale Pasaribu , Retno Agnestisia

Development of highly efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of persistent and recalcitrant malachite green (MG) dye remains a significant challenge. In this study, mesoporous α-Fe₂O₃ was synthesized by calcining MIL-100(Fe) and subsequently encapsulated within ZIF-8 to form α-Fe₂O₃/ZIF-8 (FZF) composites. The resulting heterostructures exhibited a high surface area (566 m²/g), a narrow band gap (∼2.0 eV), improved charge separation, and strong adsorption capacity. Among the samples, FZF-25 achieved 99.35 % removal of 150 ppm MG within 80 min under UV irradiation and maintained excellent stability over four cycles. These findings highlight a promising MOF-derived α-Fe₂O₃/ZIF-8 approach that enables synergistic adsorption–photocatalysis process.

开发用于降解持久性和难降解性孔雀石绿染料的高效光催化剂仍然是一个重大挑战。在本研究中，通过煅烧MIL-100（Fe）合成介孔α-Fe2O3，并将其包裹在ZIF-8中形成α-Fe2O3/ZIF-8 （FZF）复合材料。所得异质结构具有高比表面积（566 m2/g）、窄带隙（~ 2.0 eV）、电荷分离改善和强吸附能力。其中，FZF-25在紫外照射下，在80 min内对150 ppm MG的去除率达到99.35%，并在4个循环内保持了良好的稳定性。这些发现突出了mof衍生的α-Fe2O3/ZIF-8方法的前景，该方法可以实现协同吸附-光催化过程。

引用次数: 0

Greenhouse gas emission forecasting analysis in Jakarta towards net zero emissions in 2050 雅加达2050年实现净零排放的温室气体排放预测分析

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101315

Lina Gozali , Katya Victory Liu , Adianto Adianto , Siti Rohana Nasution , Carla Olivia Doaly

Increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a serious threat to the environment, especially in Jakarta, which in 2023 recorded emissions of 63 MtCO₂e. This study aims to identify the primary factors contributing to GHG emissions in Jakarta, project emission trends until 2050 using pessimistic, optimistic, and net-zero scenarios, and formulate effective mitigation strategies. The variables used are electricity consumption, private vehicle use, industrial energy consumption, waste generation, population growth, green open space, and public transportation usage. The analysis was conducted using various forecasting methods, including multiple linear regression, ARIMA, ARIMAX, SARIMA, SARIMAX, Random Forest, and Multilayer Perceptron. Among these, the Multilayer Perceptron model achieved the highest predictive accuracy in long-term predictions. The results reveal that current mitigation efforts are insufficient to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, indicating the need for more aggressive interventions. Effective strategies include expanding green open space by 7 % annually, reducing motorized vehicle use by 4 %, lowering industrial energy consumption by 3 %, improving waste treatment efficiency by 3 %, and accelerating the transition to renewable energy. These findings highlight the urgency of enhancing climate action and provide a framework that can inform urban emission reduction strategies in other rapidly developing cities seeking sustainable, low-carbon futures.

不断增加的温室气体（GHG）排放对环境构成严重威胁，特别是在雅加达，其2023年的排放量达到6300万吨二氧化碳当量。本研究旨在确定造成雅加达温室气体排放的主要因素，使用悲观、乐观和净零情景预测到2050年的排放趋势，并制定有效的减缓战略。使用的变量包括电力消耗、私家车使用、工业能源消耗、废物产生、人口增长、绿色开放空间和公共交通使用。采用多元线性回归、ARIMA、ARIMAX、SARIMA、SARIMAX、Random Forest、Multilayer Perceptron等多种预测方法进行分析。其中，多层感知器模型在长期预测中获得了最高的预测精度。结果表明，目前的缓解努力不足以在2050年前实现净零排放，这表明需要采取更积极的干预措施。有效的策略包括每年扩大7%的绿色开放空间，减少4%的机动车使用量，降低3%的工业能耗，提高3%的废物处理效率，加速向可再生能源的过渡。这些发现强调了加强气候行动的紧迫性，并提供了一个框架，可以为其他寻求可持续低碳未来的快速发展城市的城市减排战略提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced nitrogen removal in sponge membrane bioreactor coupled with iron scraps for municipal wastewater treatment: Performance and microbial community shifts 海绵膜生物反应器加铁渣处理城市污水的脱氮效果：性能和微生物群落变化

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101318

Ngo Hoang Long , Phan Nhu Nguyet , Ngo Thi Thuan , Tran Le Dang Khoa , Xuan-Thanh Bui , Huu-Viet Nguyen , Van-Tung Tra , Masashi Hatamoto , Takahiro Watari , Takashi Yamaguchi

This study investigates the performance of a sponge membrane bioreactor (SMBR) integrated with waste iron scraps as an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater. The incorporation of iron scraps substantially improved the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency, increasing from 35.3 ± 10.4 % to 62.4 ± 26.9 %, while maintaining stable chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal above 90 % and ammonium removal greater than 80 % at an iron dosage of 60 g/L. Iron supplementation promoted denitrification by creating localized anoxic microenvironments and stimulating the enrichment of iron-reducing and denitrifying bacteria such as Geothrix, Aquabacterium, and Roseiarcus, with relative abundances increasing from 0.2 % to 6.1 %, 1.4 %–4.8 %, and 0.8 %–1.5 %, respectively. Microbial community analysis further revealed significant shifts in dominant phyla, including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Bacteroidota, with relative abundances increased from 68.3 % to 70.1 %, 2.0 %–9.1 %, and 1.0 %–7.8 %, respectively. These shifts indicate strengthened nitrogen transformation pathways within the system. These findings demonstrate that the reuse of waste iron scraps as bioactive carriers is an effective and environmentally sustainable strategy for enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency and microbial functional diversity in SMBR.

本研究研究了海绵膜生物反应器（SMBR）与废铁渣的结合，作为一种创新的方法来提高城市污水中氮的去除效果。铁屑的加入显著提高了总氮（TN）的去除率，从35.3±10.4%提高到62.4±26.9%，同时在铁投加量为60 g/L时，化学需氧量（COD）去除率稳定在90%以上，铵态氮去除率稳定在80%以上。补铁通过建立局部缺氧微环境和刺激土思菌、水藻菌和玫瑰菌等铁还原菌和反硝化菌的富集，促进了反硝化作用，相对丰度分别从0.2%增加到6.1%、1.4% - 4.8%和0.8% - 1.5%。微生物群落分析显示，优势门Proteobacteria、acidobacteria和Bacteroidota的相对丰度分别从68.3%增加到70.1%、2.0% - 9.1%和1.0% - 7.8%。这些变化表明系统内氮转化途径加强。上述研究结果表明，废铁渣作为生物活性载体的再利用是提高SMBR脱氮效率和微生物功能多样性的有效且环境可持续的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental degradation of plastics containing pro-oxidant additives and their toxicological impact in desert ecosystems 含促氧化添加剂塑料的环境降解及其对沙漠生态系统的毒理学影响

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101311

Diya Alsafadi, Mohammad Abu Nuwar, Amani Abdelhadi, Tasnim Alqaruoti, Lama Siwwan, Ahmad Al Amaireh

The accumulation of single-use plastic materials poses significant environmental and waste management challenges. Pro-oxidant additive-containing (PAC) plastics have been introduced in many regions to mitigate these impacts. This study examined the abiotic degradation of PAC plastics under accelerated laboratory conditions and in an open-air environment with a hot, dry climate. Residual materials from abiotic degradation were then subjected to aerobic biodegradation in soil, and the final products were evaluated for plant toxicity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis revealed the formation of acids, ketones, and aldehydes on the polymer surface due to oxidation under accelerated conditions. In open-air exposure, the reduction in weight average molecular weight (Mw) was used to assess degradation. A rapid Mw decrease occurred within the first three months, and after fifteen months, 50 % of the samples showed low Mw (<5.0 kDa). The abiotic residues were subsequently mineralized in soil, achieving 15–20 % biodegradation after 350 days. Samples not pre-exposed to open-air conditions showed only 5 % mineralization, confirming that prior thermal and photo-oxidation enhanced biodegradability. Eco-toxicity tests indicated that the biodegradation products did not affect the growth of the studied plant species.

一次性塑料材料的积累对环境和废物管理构成重大挑战。含有促氧化添加剂（PAC）的塑料已在许多地区引入以减轻这些影响。本研究考察了加速实验室条件下PAC塑料的非生物降解和炎热干燥气候下的露天环境。然后，非生物降解的残余物质在土壤中进行好氧生物降解，并评估最终产物的植物毒性。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析显示，在加速氧化条件下，聚合物表面形成酸、酮和醛。在露天暴露中，用重量平均分子量（Mw）的减少来评估降解。在前三个月内，Mw迅速下降，15个月后，50%的样品显示低Mw （<5.0 kDa）。非生物残留物随后在土壤中矿化，350天后达到15 - 20%的生物降解。未预先暴露在露天条件下的样品显示只有5%的矿化，证实了事先的热氧化和光氧化增强了生物降解性。生态毒性试验表明，生物降解产物不影响所研究植物的生长。

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引用次数: 0