Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering最新文献_第3页

Evaluation and comparison of drying models in open sun drying and photovoltaic and LPG burner assisted hybrid solar drying system

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101104

Tubagus Rayyan Fitra Sinuhaji, Suherman Suherman, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto, Ardi Ardan, Sulistia Rahmawati

This study evaluates the drying performance of open sun drying (OSD) and photovoltaic and LPG burner assisted hybrid solar drying system (HSD) systems for cocoa beans. OSD, a traditional and cost-effective method, faces limitations such as extended drying times, susceptibility to environmental contamination, and inconsistent quality. In contrast, HSD integrates solar energy with auxiliary heat sources, providing controlled drying conditions and improved efficiency. The research involved experimental comparisons between the two methods, using cocoa beans as the primary material. Measurements included temperature, relative humidity, drying duration, and energy utilization. Data were analyzed with thin-layer drying models, with the Midili model being the most accurate (R² > 0.98). Drying trials were conducted at 40 °C, 45 °C, and 50 °C, with the target moisture content set at 7–8%. Results showed that HSD achieved superior performance, reducing drying times to 3–4 hours compared to 23 hours for OSD. HSD also demonstrated higher exergy efficiencies (94.6614 %) and lower exergy loss (0.0062 kJ/s). Furthermore, the controlled environment minimized contamination risks and preserved the quality of the cocoa beans. This study concludes that HSD significantly enhances drying efficiency, product quality, and sustainability compared to OSD. These findings suggest that hybrid drying technologies hold great potential for modernizing agricultural drying practices while addressing energy and environmental challenges.

{"title":"Evaluation and comparison of drying models in open sun drying and photovoltaic and LPG burner assisted hybrid solar drying system","authors":"Tubagus Rayyan Fitra Sinuhaji, Suherman Suherman, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto, Ardi Ardan, Sulistia Rahmawati","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the drying performance of open sun drying (OSD) and photovoltaic and LPG burner assisted hybrid solar drying system (HSD) systems for cocoa beans. OSD, a traditional and cost-effective method, faces limitations such as extended drying times, susceptibility to environmental contamination, and inconsistent quality. In contrast, HSD integrates solar energy with auxiliary heat sources, providing controlled drying conditions and improved efficiency. The research involved experimental comparisons between the two methods, using cocoa beans as the primary material. Measurements included temperature, relative humidity, drying duration, and energy utilization. Data were analyzed with thin-layer drying models, with the Midili model being the most accurate (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.98). Drying trials were conducted at 40 °C, 45 °C, and 50 °C, with the target moisture content set at 7–8%. Results showed that HSD achieved superior performance, reducing drying times to 3–4 hours compared to 23 hours for OSD. HSD also demonstrated higher exergy efficiencies (94.6614 %) and lower exergy loss (0.0062 kJ/s). Furthermore, the controlled environment minimized contamination risks and preserved the quality of the cocoa beans. This study concludes that HSD significantly enhances drying efficiency, product quality, and sustainability compared to OSD. These findings suggest that hybrid drying technologies hold great potential for modernizing agricultural drying practices while addressing energy and environmental challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microwave-intensified esterification of high-free fatty acid feedstock into biodiesel using waste chicken eggshells as a heterogeneous catalyst

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101107

Juliati Br Tarigan , Anzelina F. Barus , Nabilah T. Simamora , Ribka S. Tarigan , Sabarmin Perangin-angin , Junedi Ginting , Eko K. Sitepu , Y.H. Taufiq-Yap

The efficacy of waste chicken eggshells as a heterogeneous catalyst is investigated for biodiesel production from high-free fatty acid feedstock under microwave irradiation. The calcined waste chicken eggshells were identified using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The effect of esterification conditions such as catalyst weight, molar ratio of oleic acid to methanol, reaction time and microwave power were determined on biodiesel conversion and yield. The highest conversion and yield of 92.04 ± 0.8 % and 78.75 ± 1.8 %, respectively, were achieved under the reaction condition of molar ratio of 1:15, catalyst weight of 6 wt%, reaction time of 20 minutes and microwave power of 60 %. The catalytic stability of calcined waste chicken eggshells revealed that the weight of CaO was decreased after the first cycle. However, the biodiesel conversion was above 80 % after five times usage.

{"title":"Microwave-intensified esterification of high-free fatty acid feedstock into biodiesel using waste chicken eggshells as a heterogeneous catalyst","authors":"Juliati Br Tarigan , Anzelina F. Barus , Nabilah T. Simamora , Ribka S. Tarigan , Sabarmin Perangin-angin , Junedi Ginting , Eko K. Sitepu , Y.H. Taufiq-Yap","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficacy of waste chicken eggshells as a heterogeneous catalyst is investigated for biodiesel production from high-free fatty acid feedstock under microwave irradiation. The calcined waste chicken eggshells were identified using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The effect of esterification conditions such as catalyst weight, molar ratio of oleic acid to methanol, reaction time and microwave power were determined on biodiesel conversion and yield. The highest conversion and yield of 92.04 ± 0.8 % and 78.75 ± 1.8 %, respectively, were achieved under the reaction condition of molar ratio of 1:15, catalyst weight of 6 wt%, reaction time of 20 minutes and microwave power of 60 %. The catalytic stability of calcined waste chicken eggshells revealed that the weight of CaO was decreased after the first cycle. However, the biodiesel conversion was above 80 % after five times usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cigarette butt filter as membrane material with tannic acid and FeCl3 additives for improve antifouling properties

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101105

Anisa Luthfiana , Sri Mulyati , Nasrul Arahman , Muhammad Roil Bilad , Muhammad Prayogie Aulia

Membrane fouling remains a critical challenge in wastewater treatment, particularly in applications involving oil-water emulsions. This study addresses this issue by fabricating antifouling membranes from repurposed cigarette filter waste, modified with tannic acid and FeCl₃ (ferric chloride) coatings. These modifications enhance membrane hydrophilicity, antifouling properties, flux recovery, and selectivity through an environmentally friendly approach. The membranes were prepared using the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method and subsequently coated through vacuum filtration. Key performance metrics included pure water flux, oil emulsion selectivity, and antifouling properties. The antifouling mechanism was attributed to the hydrophilic and protective layers formed by the tannic acid and FeCl₃ modifications, which reduced fouling and improved flux recovery. Characterization revealed that the tannic acid and FeCl₃ modifications created a hydrophilic layer with uniform pore distribution, leading to an oil rejection rate of up to 97 % and an increased flux recovery ratio of 85 %, compared to 65 % in unmodified membranes. The results highlight the potential of waste-derived membranes as a sustainable alternative for industrial wastewater treatment, aligning with the principles of circular economy and green chemistry. Future work should explore long-term stability, surface charge effects, and optimization of additive concentrations to enhance performance and antifouling efficiency further.

{"title":"Cigarette butt filter as membrane material with tannic acid and FeCl3 additives for improve antifouling properties","authors":"Anisa Luthfiana , Sri Mulyati , Nasrul Arahman , Muhammad Roil Bilad , Muhammad Prayogie Aulia","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane fouling remains a critical challenge in wastewater treatment, particularly in applications involving oil-water emulsions. This study addresses this issue by fabricating antifouling membranes from repurposed cigarette filter waste, modified with tannic acid and FeCl<sub>3</sub> (ferric chloride) coatings. These modifications enhance membrane hydrophilicity, antifouling properties, flux recovery, and selectivity through an environmentally friendly approach. The membranes were prepared using the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method and subsequently coated through vacuum filtration. Key performance metrics included pure water flux, oil emulsion selectivity, and antifouling properties. The antifouling mechanism was attributed to the hydrophilic and protective layers formed by the tannic acid and FeCl<sub>3</sub> modifications, which reduced fouling and improved flux recovery. Characterization revealed that the tannic acid and FeCl<sub>3</sub> modifications created a hydrophilic layer with uniform pore distribution, leading to an oil rejection rate of up to 97 % and an increased flux recovery ratio of 85 %, compared to 65 % in unmodified membranes. The results highlight the potential of waste-derived membranes as a sustainable alternative for industrial wastewater treatment, aligning with the principles of circular economy and green chemistry. Future work should explore long-term stability, surface charge effects, and optimization of additive concentrations to enhance performance and antifouling efficiency further.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of synthesized Zero-valance silver nanoparticles on acetylcholinesterase and xanthine oxidase: Toxicological and environmental implications

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101095

Srwa Hashim Mohammed , Ahmed Mahdi Rheima , Dhiey A. Al-aameri , Haider Kamil Zaidan , Zainab T. Al-Sharify

Nanoparticles have several applications in commercial and pharmaceutical products owing to their exceptional antibacterial characteristics. Nonetheless, the extensive creation of nanoparticles has significant concerns regarding their toxicological and environmental effects. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and xanthine oxidase (XO) are important enzymes in neuroscience, toxicology, and pharmacology, which makes them good targets for studying how nanoparticles affect these areas. This study involved the synthesis of spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and their subsequent characterization regarding structural and optical properties. The synthesizer technique utilized X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to ascertain the form and size of the nanoparticles, indicating an average diameter of approximately 20.23 nm. An enzymatic test evaluated the inhibitory effects of the synthesized Ag NPs on AChE and XO, using donepezil and allopurinol as positive controls. The results demonstrated that the Ag NPs displayed minimal enzyme inhibitory activity relative to the positive controls. This work underscores the necessity for additional research on the effects of nanoparticle interactions with essential biological systems.

{"title":"Impact of synthesized Zero-valance silver nanoparticles on acetylcholinesterase and xanthine oxidase: Toxicological and environmental implications","authors":"Srwa Hashim Mohammed , Ahmed Mahdi Rheima , Dhiey A. Al-aameri , Haider Kamil Zaidan , Zainab T. Al-Sharify","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoparticles have several applications in commercial and pharmaceutical products owing to their exceptional antibacterial characteristics. Nonetheless, the extensive creation of nanoparticles has significant concerns regarding their toxicological and environmental effects. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and xanthine oxidase (XO) are important enzymes in neuroscience, toxicology, and pharmacology, which makes them good targets for studying how nanoparticles affect these areas. This study involved the synthesis of spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and their subsequent characterization regarding structural and optical properties. The synthesizer technique utilized X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to ascertain the form and size of the nanoparticles, indicating an average diameter of approximately 20.23 nm. An enzymatic test evaluated the inhibitory effects of the synthesized Ag NPs on AChE and XO, using donepezil and allopurinol as positive controls. The results demonstrated that the Ag NPs displayed minimal enzyme inhibitory activity relative to the positive controls. This work underscores the necessity for additional research on the effects of nanoparticle interactions with essential biological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic thermal and surface area properties of Al2O3–TiO2/water hybrid nanofluids

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101102

Yokanan Gustino Djentoe , Farrel Yoga Widiasto , Hilbran Tama Dida Effendi , Musabbikhah , Sri Hartati , Budi Santoso , Budi Kristiawan , Agung Tri Wijayanta

This work investigated experimentally on synergistic thermal and surface area properties of water-based Al₂O₃–TiO₂ hybrid nanoparticles at a given volume ratio (50:50). Morphology and structure characterization were performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Surface Area Analysis (SAA), while thermal properties were analyzed using a thermal properties analyzer. The aims of this study were to investigate morphology and structure characterization and to evaluate thermal behavior using Transient Line Heat Source (TLHS), including thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and diffusivity. TEM micrographs revealed that TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles were characterized by fractal-like arrangements and quasi-spherical morphology, respectively. The structural analysis of TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles reveals a mesoporous structure with curve isotherm type IV that has loop hysteresis characteristics. The thermal durability of the water-based Al₂O₃–TiO₂ hybrid nanoparticles is shown to have a strong relationship with the Moldoveanu model, confirming the trend of increasing thermal durability with a decrease in temperature as a result of increased nanoparticle mobility. According to this study, thermal behavior indicates that there are differences in temperature between 20 and 65 °C. Heat capacity increases significantly from 4 to 8 MJ/m²·K, with the fastest change occurring between 20 and 30 °C, whereas thermal diffusivity is bounded between 0 and 0.2 mm²/s. All of this highlights the potential applications in analysis and energy storage, highlighting the transfer characteristics of nanomaterials that are useful. The potential of hybrid nanofluids in long-term thermal management systems is demonstrated in this case study.

{"title":"Synergistic thermal and surface area properties of Al2O3–TiO2/water hybrid nanofluids","authors":"Yokanan Gustino Djentoe , Farrel Yoga Widiasto , Hilbran Tama Dida Effendi , Musabbikhah , Sri Hartati , Budi Santoso , Budi Kristiawan , Agung Tri Wijayanta","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated experimentally on synergistic thermal and surface area properties of water-based Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> hybrid nanoparticles at a given volume ratio (50:50). Morphology and structure characterization were performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Surface Area Analysis (SAA), while thermal properties were analyzed using a thermal properties analyzer. The aims of this study were to investigate morphology and structure characterization and to evaluate thermal behavior using Transient Line Heat Source (TLHS), including thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and diffusivity. TEM micrographs revealed that TiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles were characterized by fractal-like arrangements and quasi-spherical morphology, respectively. The structural analysis of TiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles reveals a mesoporous structure with curve isotherm type IV that has loop hysteresis characteristics. The thermal durability of the water-based Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> hybrid nanoparticles is shown to have a strong relationship with the Moldoveanu model, confirming the trend of increasing thermal durability with a decrease in temperature as a result of increased nanoparticle mobility. According to this study, thermal behavior indicates that there are differences in temperature between 20 and 65 °C. Heat capacity increases significantly from 4 to 8 MJ/m<sup>2</sup>·K, with the fastest change occurring between 20 and 30 °C, whereas thermal diffusivity is bounded between 0 and 0.2 mm<sup>2</sup>/s. All of this highlights the potential applications in analysis and energy storage, highlighting the transfer characteristics of nanomaterials that are useful. The potential of hybrid nanofluids in long-term thermal management systems is demonstrated in this case study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amino acid-derived imidazole zwitterion as green interfacial corrosion inhibitor for cold rolled steel

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101103

Wan Mohd Norsani Wan Nik , Jiyaul Haque , Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali , Atria Pradityana , Izionworu Vincent Onuegbu , Walid Daoudi , Elyor Berdimurodov , Ahmed Abdulamier Al-Amiery

A natural amino acid methionine-derived imidazole zwitterion was synthesized and investigated as a corrosion inhibitor on cold-rolled steel in an acid environment using weight loss, electrochemistry, and SEM techniques. The synthesized imidazole zwitterion inhibitor was fulfilled with green parameters: multicomponent single-step reaction, reaction at ambient temperature, and water used as a solvent. The corrosion study results show that imidazole zwitterion exhibits effective inhibition efficiency (84 %) at very low concentrations (100 ppm). The imidazole zwitterion exhibited excellent inhibition efficiency (72 %) at high temperature (95 °C). SEM results supported the experimental findings. The adsorption of imidazole zwitterion obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a uniform inhibitor film achieved via physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. Imidazole zwitterion can be useful in low inhibitor concentration applications such as pipeline flushing and cleaning.

{"title":"Amino acid-derived imidazole zwitterion as green interfacial corrosion inhibitor for cold rolled steel","authors":"Wan Mohd Norsani Wan Nik , Jiyaul Haque , Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali , Atria Pradityana , Izionworu Vincent Onuegbu , Walid Daoudi , Elyor Berdimurodov , Ahmed Abdulamier Al-Amiery","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A natural amino acid methionine-derived imidazole zwitterion was synthesized and investigated as a corrosion inhibitor on cold-rolled steel in an acid environment using weight loss, electrochemistry, and SEM techniques. The synthesized imidazole zwitterion inhibitor was fulfilled with green parameters: multicomponent single-step reaction, reaction at ambient temperature, and water used as a solvent. The corrosion study results show that imidazole zwitterion exhibits effective inhibition efficiency (84 %) at very low concentrations (100 ppm). The imidazole zwitterion exhibited excellent inhibition efficiency (72 %) at high temperature (95 °C). SEM results supported the experimental findings. The adsorption of imidazole zwitterion obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a uniform inhibitor film achieved via physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. Imidazole zwitterion can be useful in low inhibitor concentration applications such as pipeline flushing and cleaning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modification of coal fly ash for high capacity adsorption of methylene blue

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101101

Mardiyah Kurniasih , Nurul Hidayat Aprilita , Roto Roto , Mudasir Mudasir

Coal fly ash (FA) waste from local thermal power plant has been modified by acid activation and SiO₂ enrichment using hydrochloric and acetic acids. The modified FA with acid activation (FAA_HAc and FAA_HCl) and SiO₂ enrichment (SiO₂_HCl and SiO₂_HAc) were applied in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the modified FA were characterized by XRF, SEM-EDX, XRD, BET, and TGA. The adsorption study was carried out in a batch system by optimizing pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature. The optimum adsorption is achieved at pH 8.0, adsorbent dosage of 1.5 g/L and contact time of 75 min. The experimental data fits the pseudo-second-order models and the activation energies (E_a) are 48.71, 48.95, 32.26, and 30.61 kJ mol⁻¹ for FAA_HAc, FAA_HCl, SiO₂_HAc, and SiO₂_HCl, respectively. Langmuir, Freundlich, or Temkin isotherm models described well the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacities (q_m) of FAA_HAc, FAA_HCl, SiO₂_HAc, and SiO₂_HCl with Lamgmuir model at 318 K are 151.33, 146.18, 100.78, and 95.81 mg/g, respectively. The q_m values increase with temperature, indicating endothermic adsorption process. Themodynamic study gives the positive value of enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°), and the negative value of free energy (ΔG°) changes, suggesting an endothermic and spontaneous process. The lower activation energy and higher adsorption capacity of modified FA with a simple, low-cost and eco-friendly technique provide a prospective application of the adsorbents for the removal of dye waste from aqueous solution.

{"title":"Modification of coal fly ash for high capacity adsorption of methylene blue","authors":"Mardiyah Kurniasih , Nurul Hidayat Aprilita , Roto Roto , Mudasir Mudasir","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal fly ash (FA) waste from local thermal power plant has been modified by acid activation and SiO<sub>2</sub> enrichment using hydrochloric and acetic acids. The modified FA with acid activation (FAA_HAc and FAA_HCl) and SiO<sub>2</sub> enrichment (SiO<sub>2</sub>_HCl and SiO<sub>2</sub>_HAc) were applied in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the modified FA were characterized by XRF, SEM-EDX, XRD, BET, and TGA. The adsorption study was carried out in a batch system by optimizing pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature. The optimum adsorption is achieved at pH 8.0, adsorbent dosage of 1.5 g/L and contact time of 75 min. The experimental data fits the pseudo-second-order models and the activation energies (E<sub>a</sub>) are 48.71, 48.95, 32.26, and 30.61 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> for FAA_HAc, FAA_HCl, SiO<sub>2</sub>_HAc, and SiO<sub>2</sub>_HCl, respectively. Langmuir, Freundlich, or Temkin isotherm models described well the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacities (q<sub>m</sub>) of FAA_HAc, FAA_HCl, SiO<sub>2</sub>_HAc, and SiO<sub>2</sub>_HCl with Lamgmuir model at 318 K are 151.33, 146.18, 100.78, and 95.81 mg/g, respectively. The <em>q</em><sub>m</sub> values increase with temperature, indicating endothermic adsorption process. Themodynamic study gives the positive value of enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°), and the negative value of free energy (ΔG°) changes, suggesting an endothermic and spontaneous process. The lower activation energy and higher adsorption capacity of modified FA with a simple, low-cost and eco-friendly technique provide a prospective application of the adsorbents for the removal of dye waste from aqueous solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetically separable silica-chitosan hybrids for efficient phosphate adsorption in aqueous solution

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101100

Nuryono Nuryono , Sukamto Sukamto , Eko Sri Kunarti , Philip Anggo Krisbiantoro , Wan Nazwanie Wan Abdullah , Yuichi Kamiya

In the present study, magnetic silica-chitosan hybrid (NMP@SiO₂/CPTMS/Chi) was synthesized via a convenient and green sol-gel technique under room temperature, and the material was used as a highly efficient magnetic adsorbent for the removal of phosphate ions in water. While the magnetic properties of NMP from iron enable the material to be quickly separated via magnetic separation, the abundant active sites from the chitosan made the hybrid exhibit high adsorption capacity for phosphate ions. At pH 6, the removal of phosphate ions followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model with the adsorption rate constant (k₂) of 5.9 × 10^-3 mg g⁻¹ min⁻¹ and obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity (q_max) of 15.06 mg g⁻¹, outperforming most of the previously reported adsorbents. Stability tests and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) analysis demonstrated that NMP@SiO₂/CPTMS/Chi remained stable even under strongly acidic conditions and possessed high thermal stability, respectively. The synergistic combination of high adsorption capacity, acid stability, thermal stability, and facile magnetic separation renders NMP@SiO₂/CPTMS/Chi a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Overall, this innovative material represents a significant advancement in phosphate removal, offering a sustainable and effective solution to address the global challenge of water pollution and protect aquatic ecosystems.

{"title":"Magnetically separable silica-chitosan hybrids for efficient phosphate adsorption in aqueous solution","authors":"Nuryono Nuryono , Sukamto Sukamto , Eko Sri Kunarti , Philip Anggo Krisbiantoro , Wan Nazwanie Wan Abdullah , Yuichi Kamiya","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, magnetic silica-chitosan hybrid (NMP@SiO<sub>2</sub>/CPTMS/Chi) was synthesized via a convenient and green sol-gel technique under room temperature, and the material was used as a highly efficient magnetic adsorbent for the removal of phosphate ions in water. While the magnetic properties of NMP from iron enable the material to be quickly separated via magnetic separation, the abundant active sites from the chitosan made the hybrid exhibit high adsorption capacity for phosphate ions. At pH 6, the removal of phosphate ions followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model with the adsorption rate constant (<em>k</em><sub><em>2</em></sub>) of 5.9 × 10<sup>-3</sup> mg g<sup>−1</sup> min<sup>−1</sup> and obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity (<em>q</em><sub><em>max</em></sub>) of 15.06 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, outperforming most of the previously reported adsorbents. Stability tests and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) analysis demonstrated that NMP@SiO<sub>2</sub>/CPTMS/Chi remained stable even under strongly acidic conditions and possessed high thermal stability, respectively. The synergistic combination of high adsorption capacity, acid stability, thermal stability, and facile magnetic separation renders NMP@SiO<sub>2</sub>/CPTMS/Chi a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Overall, this innovative material represents a significant advancement in phosphate removal, offering a sustainable and effective solution to address the global challenge of water pollution and protect aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the matching relationship of municipal solid waste management and alternative fuel in Indonesia's cement industry

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101098

Wiharja , Suherman , Syafrudin , Muhammad Abdul Kholiq , Reba Anindyajati Pratama , Muhammad Haqqiyuddin Robbani , Feddy Suryanto

The cement industry in Indonesia, heavily relies on coal, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Simultaneously, Java Island generates over 23 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) annually, with limited utilization for energy recovery. This study evaluates the feasibility of substituting coal with refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from MSW in Java's cement industry, focusing on environmental, economic, and technical aspects. Scenario analyses indicate that substituting 10%, 20%, and 30% of thermal energy with RDF could divert up to 8.7 million tons of MSW from landfills annually, reducing GHG emissions by up to 2.77 million Gg CO₂-eq. These reductions align with Indonesia's environmental policies and global climate commitments under the Paris Agreement. The economic assessment demonstrates the viability of RDF, with potential annual cost savings of up to $421 million. Beyond addressing coal dependency, RDF adoption supports circular economy practices, reduces landfill reliance, and mitigates environmental pollution. However, challenges such as infrastructure gaps and regulatory barriers require attention. This study provides actionable insights to guide policy formulation, foster industry investment, and facilitate the implementation of RDF-based energy solutions. By bridging waste management and sustainable energy practices, the findings contribute to Indonesia's renewable energy goals, emphasizing the practical applications of RDF for a more sustainable future in industrial operations.

{"title":"Research on the matching relationship of municipal solid waste management and alternative fuel in Indonesia's cement industry","authors":"Wiharja , Suherman , Syafrudin , Muhammad Abdul Kholiq , Reba Anindyajati Pratama , Muhammad Haqqiyuddin Robbani , Feddy Suryanto","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cement industry in Indonesia, heavily relies on coal, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Simultaneously, Java Island generates over 23 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) annually, with limited utilization for energy recovery. This study evaluates the feasibility of substituting coal with refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from MSW in Java's cement industry, focusing on environmental, economic, and technical aspects. Scenario analyses indicate that substituting 10%, 20%, and 30% of thermal energy with RDF could divert up to 8.7 million tons of MSW from landfills annually, reducing GHG emissions by up to 2.77 million Gg CO₂-eq. These reductions align with Indonesia's environmental policies and global climate commitments under the Paris Agreement. The economic assessment demonstrates the viability of RDF, with potential annual cost savings of up to $421 million. Beyond addressing coal dependency, RDF adoption supports circular economy practices, reduces landfill reliance, and mitigates environmental pollution. However, challenges such as infrastructure gaps and regulatory barriers require attention. This study provides actionable insights to guide policy formulation, foster industry investment, and facilitate the implementation of RDF-based energy solutions. By bridging waste management and sustainable energy practices, the findings contribute to Indonesia's renewable energy goals, emphasizing the practical applications of RDF for a more sustainable future in industrial operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photocatalytic improvement mechanism of SnO2/Sn-doped g-C3N4 Z-type heterojunctions for visible-irradiation-based destruction of organic pollutants: Experimental and RSM approaches

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101096

Yossor R. Abdulmajeed , Saad H. Ammar , Zaid H. Jabbar , Hind J. Hadi , Mohammed D. Salman , Alaa Jasim Awadh

This work investigated the possibility of applying SnO₂/Sn-doped g-C₃N₄ hybrid as an efficient photocatalyst for visible light-based degradation of ibuprofen (IBP). Response surface methodology (RSM) has been adopted to optimize the IBP photodegradation. The conditions were initially fixed at photocatalyst dose = 0.2 g/L, Solution pH = 7, and IBP concentration = 10 mg/L in order to assess the SnO₂/Sn-doped g-C₃N₄ activity, which exhibited 91 % IBP destruction after 90 min. Then, the process variables (IBP concentration, pH, and photocatalyst dose) were adjusted based on the Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The experimental IBP photodegradation was exceedingly correlated with that value predicted by the obtained quadratic model (R² = 0.993, F-value = 79.19, and P-value <0.0001). The IBP photodegradation tests exhibited that the SnO₂/Sn-doped g-C₃N₄ dose of 0.6 g/L, solution pH of 11, and IBP concentration of 10 mg/L were the optimal values. The photocatalyst dose was specified as the major factor in the process. The boosted photoactivity was due to the created Z-type heterojunction among SnO₂ and Sn-doped g-C₃N₄, which provides an excellent separation of photogenerated charge-carriers. Accordingly, we explored the reaction mechanism in light of trapping studies. Besides, the stability of SnO₂/Sn-doped g-C₃N₄ hybrid photocatalyst was tested.

{"title":"Photocatalytic improvement mechanism of SnO2/Sn-doped g-C3N4 Z-type heterojunctions for visible-irradiation-based destruction of organic pollutants: Experimental and RSM approaches","authors":"Yossor R. Abdulmajeed , Saad H. Ammar , Zaid H. Jabbar , Hind J. Hadi , Mohammed D. Salman , Alaa Jasim Awadh","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated the possibility of applying SnO<sub>2</sub>/Sn-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> hybrid as an efficient photocatalyst for visible light-based degradation of ibuprofen (IBP). Response surface methodology (RSM) has been adopted to optimize the IBP photodegradation. The conditions were initially fixed at photocatalyst dose = 0.2 g/L, Solution pH = 7, and IBP concentration = 10 mg/L in order to assess the SnO<sub>2</sub>/Sn-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> activity, which exhibited 91 % IBP destruction after 90 min. Then, the process variables (IBP concentration, pH, and photocatalyst dose) were adjusted based on the Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The experimental IBP photodegradation was exceedingly correlated with that value predicted by the obtained quadratic model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.993, F-value = 79.19, and P-value <0.0001). The IBP photodegradation tests exhibited that the SnO<sub>2</sub>/Sn-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> dose of 0.6 g/L, solution pH of 11, and IBP concentration of 10 mg/L were the optimal values. The photocatalyst dose was specified as the major factor in the process. The boosted photoactivity was due to the created Z-type heterojunction among SnO<sub>2</sub> and Sn-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, which provides an excellent separation of photogenerated charge-carriers. Accordingly, we explored the reaction mechanism in light of trapping studies. Besides, the stability of SnO<sub>2</sub>/Sn-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> hybrid photocatalyst was tested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0