Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101278
Tutuk Djoko Kusworo , Febio Dalanta , Dita Aulia Azizah , Adrian Nataldipa Putra , Tasya Paramita Hendratmo , Muhammad Itsar Hanif , Ilham Alkian , Tonny Agustiono Kurniawan
Bioethanol is a promising alternative to fossil fuels, but its separation from water remains challenging due to the presence of the azeotropic point. This study investigates a pervaporation membrane comprising a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) selective layer supported on a polysulfone (PSf) layer modified with ZnO nanoparticles. The optimized pervaporation membrane with 3 wt% PDMS and 1 wt% ZnO, achieved a stable flux of 1014.45 g m−2 h−1 and a separation factor of 3.96 at 50 °C. Pretreatment using ultrafiltration removed most of impurities reached 100 % and 67 % for yeast and glucose, respectively, significantly improving the membrane's performance and operational stability. This integrated ultrafiltration-pervaporation process offers an efficient process for bioethanol purification.
生物乙醇是一种很有前途的化石燃料替代品，但由于存在共沸点，从水中分离仍然具有挑战性。本研究研究了一种由聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）选择层支撑在氧化锌纳米粒子修饰的聚砜（PSf）层上的渗透蒸发膜。优化后的渗透汽化膜在50℃下的通量为1014.45 g m−2 h−1，分离系数为3.96，PDMS为3 wt%， ZnO为1 wt%。超滤预处理对酵母和葡萄糖的杂质去除率分别达到100%和67%，显著提高了膜的性能和操作稳定性。这种集成超滤-渗透蒸发工艺为生物乙醇净化提供了一种高效的工艺。
{"title":"Integrated ultrafiltration and pervaporation process using PDMS/ZnO-modified PSf nanohybrid membranes for enhanced bioethanol purification from fermentation broth","authors":"Tutuk Djoko Kusworo , Febio Dalanta , Dita Aulia Azizah , Adrian Nataldipa Putra , Tasya Paramita Hendratmo , Muhammad Itsar Hanif , Ilham Alkian , Tonny Agustiono Kurniawan","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioethanol is a promising alternative to fossil fuels, but its separation from water remains challenging due to the presence of the azeotropic point. This study investigates a pervaporation membrane comprising a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) selective layer supported on a polysulfone (PSf) layer modified with ZnO nanoparticles. The optimized pervaporation membrane with 3 wt% PDMS and 1 wt% ZnO, achieved a stable flux of 1014.45 g m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and a separation factor of 3.96 at 50 °C. Pretreatment using ultrafiltration removed most of impurities reached 100 % and 67 % for yeast and glucose, respectively, significantly improving the membrane's performance and operational stability. This integrated ultrafiltration-pervaporation process offers an efficient process for bioethanol purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101268
Zaharaddeen N. Garba , Chavalit Ratanatamskul
This study developed a new adsorbent (HPL-ACTF) from agricultural waste, specifically leaves of Hamelia patens Jacq. The batch experiment examined the operating conditions including pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbate concentrations to determine the maximum adsorption potential. The novel adsorbent demonstrated the adsorption capacities of 273.25 mg/g for 2,4,6-TCP and 232.47 mg/g for 2,4-DCP. The adsorption characteristics were evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. The Langmuir model provided the best fit for both adsorbates. Kinetic analysis indicated that adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, and regeneration studies confirmed that HPL-ACTF could be effectively reused for up to five cycles.
{"title":"Kinetics, adsorption mechanism, and economic viability of an eco-friendly amorphous carbon thin-film adsorbent synthesized from agricultural waste for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in water environment","authors":"Zaharaddeen N. Garba , Chavalit Ratanatamskul","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed a new adsorbent (HPL-ACTF) from agricultural waste, specifically leaves of <em>Hamelia patens</em> Jacq. The batch experiment examined the operating conditions including pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbate concentrations to determine the maximum adsorption potential. The novel adsorbent demonstrated the adsorption capacities of 273.25 mg/g for 2,4,6-TCP and 232.47 mg/g for 2,4-DCP. The adsorption characteristics were evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. The Langmuir model provided the best fit for both adsorbates. Kinetic analysis indicated that adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, and regeneration studies confirmed that HPL-ACTF could be effectively reused for up to five cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-07DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101292
Hamzah Fansuri , Muhammad Naufal Alief , Nurlina Nurlina , Silvana Dwi Nurherdiana , Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Subaer Subaer , Ratna Ediati , Witri Wahyu Lestari , Rino Rakhmata Mukti , Wahyu Prasetyo Utomo , Zeni Rahmawati
This study reports TiO2-modified geopolymer membranes synthesized from Indonesian Class C and F fly ash for methylene blue (MB) degradation. TiO2 (0–5 wt%) improved compressive and flexural strength, with Class C showing faster setting and higher strength at 3 wt% TiO2. MB removal reached up to 99.3 %, although permeability declined with increased TiO2. UV-assisted regeneration restored membrane performance over three filtration cycles, demonstrating self-cleaning capability. These findings highlight the potential of fly ash-based photocatalytic geopolymer membranes for wastewater treatment applications.
{"title":"Photocatalytic geopolymer membranes from Indonesian fly ash: TiO2 integration, stability, and methylene blue degradation","authors":"Hamzah Fansuri , Muhammad Naufal Alief , Nurlina Nurlina , Silvana Dwi Nurherdiana , Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah , Subaer Subaer , Ratna Ediati , Witri Wahyu Lestari , Rino Rakhmata Mukti , Wahyu Prasetyo Utomo , Zeni Rahmawati","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports TiO<sub>2</sub>-modified geopolymer membranes synthesized from Indonesian Class C and F fly ash for methylene blue (MB) degradation. TiO<sub>2</sub> (0–5 wt%) improved compressive and flexural strength, with Class C showing faster setting and higher strength at 3 wt% TiO<sub>2</sub>. MB removal reached up to 99.3 %, although permeability declined with increased TiO<sub>2</sub>. UV-assisted regeneration restored membrane performance over three filtration cycles, demonstrating self-cleaning capability. These findings highlight the potential of fly ash-based photocatalytic geopolymer membranes for wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101285
Shahad A. Raheem , Ahmed A. Mohammed
Toxic heavy metals have undesirable consequences for the health of all living things, and their presence in the aquatic environment is a significant concern. In this study, a core-shell nanocomposite (NiFeAl-LDH@Polystyrene(PS)) was synthesized by recycling styrofoam waste with PS:LDH ratios of 2:1 and characterized using (TEM, SEM/EDS, XRD, FTIR, and BET). Then investigate its ability to adsorb Cd+2 and pb+2 ions in single and binary systems. Results showed a hexagonal platelet morphology of NiFeAl-LDH uniformly covered by a shell of PS nanosphers with an average pore diameter of 28.63 nm and a successful adsorption of Cd+2 and pb+2 ions on NiFeAl-LDH@PS. The optimization and influence of adsorption parameters (pH, dosage, agitation speed, initial concentration, and contact time) on the adsorption process were investigated using RSM analysis, yielding a good fit between experimental data and predicted responses with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9956 and 0.9521 for Cd+2 and pb+2, respectively. Adsorption experiments showed that the removal efficiency of Cd+2 and pb+2 in single-component system was 94.42 % and 99.65 %, respectively. While in the binary system, the removal efficiencies of Cd+2 and pb+2 were reduced, indicating that Cd+2 and Pb+2 adsorption was affected by the presence of other metal ion. The Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum capacity of 57.4713 and 177.305 mg/g, for Cd+2 and pb+2, respectively, and the competitive Langmuir model best described the adsorption data in a single-and binary-component system. In a single-component system, it was found that the PSO models accurately described the adsorption, indicating a chemosorption process. Additionally, the modified PSO was used to describe the binary adsorption data on NiFeAl-LDH@PS. Electrostatic force interaction, oxygen-containing functional groups, and complexation reactions controlled the adsorption process. NiAlFe-LDH@PS showed significant reusability as the efficiency was 38.56 % and 42.37 % for Cd+2 and Pb+2, respectively, after six regeneration cycles. In conclusion, NiAlFe-LDH@PS nanocomposite can be considered as an effective adsorbent in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.
{"title":"Efficient removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) on NiFeAl-LDH@Polystyrene nanocomposite in single and binary systems: Optimization, kinetic and isotherm studies","authors":"Shahad A. Raheem , Ahmed A. Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxic heavy metals have undesirable consequences for the health of all living things, and their presence in the aquatic environment is a significant concern. In this study, a core-shell nanocomposite (NiFeAl-LDH@Polystyrene(PS)) was synthesized by recycling styrofoam waste with PS:LDH ratios of 2:1 and characterized using (TEM, SEM/EDS, XRD, FTIR, and BET). Then investigate its ability to adsorb Cd<sup>+2</sup> and pb<sup>+2</sup> ions in single and binary systems. Results showed a hexagonal platelet morphology of NiFeAl-LDH uniformly covered by a shell of PS nanosphers with an average pore diameter of 28.63 nm and a successful adsorption of Cd<sup>+2</sup> and pb<sup>+2</sup> ions on NiFeAl-LDH@PS. The optimization and influence of adsorption parameters (pH, dosage, agitation speed, initial concentration, and contact time) on the adsorption process were investigated using RSM analysis, yielding a good fit between experimental data and predicted responses with a correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.9956 and 0.9521 for Cd<sup>+2</sup> and pb<sup>+2</sup>, respectively. Adsorption experiments showed that the removal efficiency of Cd<sup>+2</sup> and pb<sup>+2</sup> in single-component system was 94.42 % and 99.65 %, respectively. While in the binary system, the removal efficiencies of Cd<sup>+2</sup> and pb<sup>+2</sup> were reduced, indicating that Cd<sup>+2</sup> and Pb<sup>+2</sup> adsorption was affected by the presence of other metal ion. The Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum capacity of 57.4713 and 177.305 mg/g, for Cd<sup>+2</sup> and pb<sup>+2,</sup> respectively, and the competitive Langmuir model best described the adsorption data in a single-and binary-component system. In a single-component system, it was found that the PSO models accurately described the adsorption, indicating a chemosorption process. Additionally, the modified PSO was used to describe the binary adsorption data on NiFeAl-LDH@PS. Electrostatic force interaction, oxygen-containing functional groups, and complexation reactions controlled the adsorption process. NiAlFe-LDH@PS showed significant reusability as the efficiency was 38.56 % and 42.37 % for Cd<sup>+2</sup> and Pb<sup>+2</sup>, respectively, after six regeneration cycles. In conclusion, NiAlFe-LDH@PS nanocomposite can be considered as an effective adsorbent in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-07-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101255
Ade Okvianti Irlan, Herman Parung, M.W. Tjaronge, Muhammad Akbar Caronge
This study investigates the mechanical, environmental and cost of concrete incorporating recycled polypropylene (PP) granules as partial fine aggregate replacement at 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %, with water-to-cement (W/C) ratios of 0.45 and 0.55. The addition of PP granules reduced workability and density due to their hydrophobic and lightweight nature, leading to compressive strength reductions of up to 48 % at 30 % PP content. The optimal substitution level was identified at 10 %, achieving a balance between mechanical performance and environmental benefits. A strong exponential correlation between ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and compressive strength was established (f'c = 0.045e0.0016v, R2 = 0.793), enabling reliable non-destructive strength prediction. Life cycle assessment (LCA) revealed that incorporating PP granules increased the global warming potential (GWP) by approximately 2–6 % at a 0.45 W/C ratio and 3–8 % at 0.55, primarily due to the energy-intensive recycling process. Additionally, the embodied energy (EE) increased by 5–15 % and 7–21 % at 0.45 and 0.55 W/C ratios, respectively. Although PP integration contributes to reducing natural aggregate consumption, its environmental benefits are constrained by higher embodied energy and costs, indicating its application is best limited to non-structural concrete where sustainability trade-offs can be justified.
{"title":"Mechanical, environmental, and cost evaluation of concrete using recycled polypropylene","authors":"Ade Okvianti Irlan, Herman Parung, M.W. Tjaronge, Muhammad Akbar Caronge","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the mechanical, environmental and cost of concrete incorporating recycled polypropylene (PP) granules as partial fine aggregate replacement at 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %, with water-to-cement (W/C) ratios of 0.45 and 0.55. The addition of PP granules reduced workability and density due to their hydrophobic and lightweight nature, leading to compressive strength reductions of up to 48 % at 30 % PP content. The optimal substitution level was identified at 10 %, achieving a balance between mechanical performance and environmental benefits. A strong exponential correlation between ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and compressive strength was established (f'c = 0.045e<sup>0.0016v</sup>, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.793), enabling reliable non-destructive strength prediction. Life cycle assessment (LCA) revealed that incorporating PP granules increased the global warming potential (GWP) by approximately 2–6 % at a 0.45 W/C ratio and 3–8 % at 0.55, primarily due to the energy-intensive recycling process. Additionally, the embodied energy (EE) increased by 5–15 % and 7–21 % at 0.45 and 0.55 W/C ratios, respectively. Although PP integration contributes to reducing natural aggregate consumption, its environmental benefits are constrained by higher embodied energy and costs, indicating its application is best limited to non-structural concrete where sustainability trade-offs can be justified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101244
Arafat Husain , Noran Mousa , Basim Abu-Jdayil
The growing demand for oil underscores the importance of efficient tertiary recovery methods. Among these, chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) stands out due to its cost-effectiveness and lower capital investment. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), composed of environmentally friendly and biodegradable components, offer a sustainable alternative to conventional toxic chemicals used in CEOR. This study explores the use of a citric acid/fructose/water NADES formulation for stabilizing emulsions of light crude oil and water, a critical factor for improving oil recovery efficiency. Key variables investigated include the number of moles of water used in NADES preparation, the water dilution ratio, and the molar ratios of citric acid to fructose (CA/Fr) and vice versa (Fr/CA). The study found that although water used in NADES preparation contributes to its structure, its quantity had little effect on emulsion stability. In contrast, optimal water dilution and adjusted CA/Fr molar ratios significantly improved both emulsion stability and viscosity. Injection of the NADES formulation led to effective emulsion stabilization using seawater and brine. Moreover, the NADES injection reduced interfacial tension from 19 to 5.02 mN/m and contact angle from 72° to 30.8°, promoting a water-wet condition favorable for oil displacement. These findings were further validated by rheological tests, which demonstrated increased viscosity and emulsion stability. Overall, this study highlights the potential of NADES as a sustainable, high-performance solvent in CEOR, offering both environmental and operational advantages for future oil extraction technologies.
{"title":"Potential application of a fruit-based natural deep eutectic solvent for water-in-crude-oil emulsification process for enhancing oil recovery and upstream oil applications","authors":"Arafat Husain , Noran Mousa , Basim Abu-Jdayil","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for oil underscores the importance of efficient tertiary recovery methods. Among these, chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) stands out due to its cost-effectiveness and lower capital investment. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), composed of environmentally friendly and biodegradable components, offer a sustainable alternative to conventional toxic chemicals used in CEOR. This study explores the use of a citric acid/fructose/water NADES formulation for stabilizing emulsions of light crude oil and water, a critical factor for improving oil recovery efficiency. Key variables investigated include the number of moles of water used in NADES preparation, the water dilution ratio, and the molar ratios of citric acid to fructose (CA/Fr) and vice versa (Fr/CA). The study found that although water used in NADES preparation contributes to its structure, its quantity had little effect on emulsion stability. In contrast, optimal water dilution and adjusted CA/Fr molar ratios significantly improved both emulsion stability and viscosity. Injection of the NADES formulation led to effective emulsion stabilization using seawater and brine. Moreover, the NADES injection reduced interfacial tension from 19 to 5.02 mN/m and contact angle from 72° to 30.8°, promoting a water-wet condition favorable for oil displacement. These findings were further validated by rheological tests, which demonstrated increased viscosity and emulsion stability. Overall, this study highlights the potential of NADES as a sustainable, high-performance solvent in CEOR, offering both environmental and operational advantages for future oil extraction technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The widespread presence of BPA in water bodies poses significant environmental and health concerns, highlighting the need for sustainable and efficient removal technologies. This study presents an innovative approach for BPA remediation using biochar derived from king coconut shells—a readily available agricultural waste and by-product of a popular drink in many parts of Asia. Biochar pyrolyzed at 800 °C exhibited the highest removal efficiency, which was significantly enhanced to 80.1 ± 0.9 % following HCl activation. Further reduction of the particle size from 1.0–4.0 mm to 75–105 μm resulted in complete (100 %) removal of BPA. Batch adsorption experiments revealed optimal removal at pH 3–7, with a dosage of 5.0 g/L and an initial BPA concentration of 100.0 ppm. The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.99), with a maximum capacity of 39.53 mg/g. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order model accurately represented the adsorption dynamics, implying chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Regeneration experiments using ethanol demonstrated the reusability of the adsorbent, maintaining over 79.6 % removal efficiency after five consecutive cycles. These findings highlight the effectiveness of KBC800–HCl as a sustainable and high-performance adsorbent, demonstrating the broader potential of agricultural waste valorization in environmental remediation.
{"title":"From waste to resource: King coconut biochar as a green adsorbent for bisphenol A removal","authors":"Hashinika Matharage , Mahesh Jayaweera , Nilanthi Bandara , Jagath Manatunge , Daham Jayawardana , Janith Dissanayake","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread presence of BPA in water bodies poses significant environmental and health concerns, highlighting the need for sustainable and efficient removal technologies. This study presents an innovative approach for BPA remediation using biochar derived from king coconut shells—a readily available agricultural waste and by-product of a popular drink in many parts of Asia. Biochar pyrolyzed at 800 °C exhibited the highest removal efficiency, which was significantly enhanced to 80.1 ± 0.9 % following HCl activation. Further reduction of the particle size from 1.0–4.0 mm to 75–105 μm resulted in complete (100 %) removal of BPA. Batch adsorption experiments revealed optimal removal at pH 3–7, with a dosage of 5.0 g/L and an initial BPA concentration of 100.0 ppm. The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99), with a maximum capacity of 39.53 mg/g. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order model accurately represented the adsorption dynamics, implying chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Regeneration experiments using ethanol demonstrated the reusability of the adsorbent, maintaining over 79.6 % removal efficiency after five consecutive cycles. These findings highlight the effectiveness of KBC800–HCl as a sustainable and high-performance adsorbent, demonstrating the broader potential of agricultural waste valorization in environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated a photochemical synthesis route for CdS particles, utilizing gas condensate extracted from oil wells as a sulfur source due to its high sulfur compound content. To confirm the synthesis and characterize the CdS, common techniques were employed. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized particles was evaluated in the degradation of methylene blue dye under various conditions. Under optimized conditions the degradation efficiency of dye reached 96 % ± 0.5. This study presents a novel photochemical method for synthesizing CdS and highlights the potential application of its in environmental remediation. The process offers an effective approach for removing sulfur from fuels.
{"title":"Photochemical synthesis of CdS semiconductor by gas condensate as sulfur source, and evaluation of its photocatalytic property in the degradation of methylene blue dye as a case study","authors":"Amir Azizi , Kaveh Khosravi , Pouria Alaei Roozbahani , Zohreh Farahani","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated a photochemical synthesis route for CdS particles, utilizing gas condensate extracted from oil wells as a sulfur source due to its high sulfur compound content. To confirm the synthesis and characterize the CdS, common techniques were employed. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized particles was evaluated in the degradation of methylene blue dye under various conditions. Under optimized conditions the degradation efficiency of dye reached 96 % ± 0.5. This study presents a novel photochemical method for synthesizing CdS and highlights the potential application of its in environmental remediation. The process offers an effective approach for removing sulfur from fuels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-06-26DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101253
Nguyen Manh Khang , Vo Tran Minh Khoa , Nguyen Thi Truc Phuong , Nguyen Xuan Du , Ngo Tran Hoang Duong , Nguyen Van Dung , Tran Thuy Tuyet Mai , Nguyen Quang Long
Food security remains a global challenge due to rapid population growth, intensive agricultural practices, and freshwater scarcity. This study presents the development of dual-functional composite granules combining sodium alginate (SA), gelatin, GIS-type zeolite, and CuO/ZnO nanorods for enhanced water retention and controlled micronutrient release. The GIS-type zeolite exhibited high water adsorption capacity (0.75 g H2O/g), while the incorporation of gelatin significantly increased the swelling ratio from 0.6 to 1.7, improving water retention and soil conditioning. CuO and ZnO nanorods embedded within the composite granules facilitated the controlled release of copper and zinc ions under acidic conditions (pH 4). The release of Cu2+ followed super case II transport (n = 0.98–1.10), while Zn2+ release followed an erosion-driven Weibull model. Water retention in soil increased by 20 % with gelatin-based granules after 7 days, and the water holding capacity of soil improved by 15 %–20 %. The composite granules demonstrated excellent mechanical stability, with a compressive stress of 1.5–5.5 MPa. This dual-functional system offers a sustainable approach to enhancing soil fertility and addressing micronutrient deficiencies while improving water retention in agricultural soils.
{"title":"Double-xerogel network composite zeolite granules targeting dual-functional fertilizers","authors":"Nguyen Manh Khang , Vo Tran Minh Khoa , Nguyen Thi Truc Phuong , Nguyen Xuan Du , Ngo Tran Hoang Duong , Nguyen Van Dung , Tran Thuy Tuyet Mai , Nguyen Quang Long","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food security remains a global challenge due to rapid population growth, intensive agricultural practices, and freshwater scarcity. This study presents the development of dual-functional composite granules combining sodium alginate (SA), gelatin, GIS-type zeolite, and CuO/ZnO nanorods for enhanced water retention and controlled micronutrient release. The GIS-type zeolite exhibited high water adsorption capacity (0.75 g H<sub>2</sub>O/g), while the incorporation of gelatin significantly increased the swelling ratio from 0.6 to 1.7, improving water retention and soil conditioning. CuO and ZnO nanorods embedded within the composite granules facilitated the controlled release of copper and zinc ions under acidic conditions (pH 4). The release of Cu<sup>2+</sup> followed super case II transport (n = 0.98–1.10), while Zn<sup>2+</sup> release followed an erosion-driven Weibull model. Water retention in soil increased by 20 % with gelatin-based granules after 7 days, and the water holding capacity of soil improved by 15 %–20 %. The composite granules demonstrated excellent mechanical stability, with a compressive stress of 1.5–5.5 MPa. This dual-functional system offers a sustainable approach to enhancing soil fertility and addressing micronutrient deficiencies while improving water retention in agricultural soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101298
Rusul Alabada , Mustafa M. Kadhim , Zainab sabri Abbas , Ahmed Mahdi Rheima , Usama S. Altimari , Ashour H. Dawood , Alaa dhari jawad al-bayati , Zainab Talib Abed , Rusul Saeed Radhi , Asala Salam Jaber , Safa K. Hachim , Farah K. Ali , Zaid H. Mahmoud , Ehsan Kianfar
{"title":"Retraction notice to “Investigation of effective parameters in the production of alumina gel through the sol-gel method” [Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng. 8 (2023) 100405]","authors":"Rusul Alabada , Mustafa M. Kadhim , Zainab sabri Abbas , Ahmed Mahdi Rheima , Usama S. Altimari , Ashour H. Dawood , Alaa dhari jawad al-bayati , Zainab Talib Abed , Rusul Saeed Radhi , Asala Salam Jaber , Safa K. Hachim , Farah K. Ali , Zaid H. Mahmoud , Ehsan Kianfar","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号