This study is focused on synthesizing biosorbents from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), WH. Three biosorbents were obtained: WH modified with citric acid (WH-CA), hydrocarbonized WH (WHHC), and WHHC modified with CA (WHHC-CA). The capacity of these biosorbents to adsorb Cd(II) from water solutions was ascertained. WH and WHHC were modified hydrothermally using 2, 1 and 0.5 M CA solutions and were designated using CA concentration. All biosorbents were characterized using various techniques. At pH = 6 and 25 °C, WHHC-CA1 exhibited the highest capacity for adsorbing Cd(II) of 166.6 mg/g, so the optimal CA concentration is 1 M.
研究了水葫芦（Eichhornia crassipes）的生物吸附剂的合成。得到了三种生物吸附剂：柠檬酸修饰WH-CA、碳化WH （WHHC）和CA修饰WHHC （WHHC-CA）。确定了这些生物吸附剂从水溶液中吸附Cd（II）的能力。分别使用2、1和0.5 M CA溶液对WH和WHHC进行水热改性，并使用CA浓度进行命名。使用各种技术对所有生物吸附剂进行了表征。在pH = 6和25℃条件下，WHHC-CA1对Cd（II）的吸附量最高，为166.6 mg/g，最佳CA浓度为1 M。
{"title":"CADMIUM(II) removal from aqueous solution by adsorption on water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) hydrochar modified with citric acid","authors":"Carolina Vázquez-Mendoza , Roberto Leyva-Ramos , Nahum Andrés Medellín-Castillo , Damarys Haidee Carrales-Alvarado , Antonio Aragón-Piña","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is focused on synthesizing biosorbents from water hyacinth (<em>Eichhornia crassipes</em>), WH. Three biosorbents were obtained: WH modified with citric acid (WH-CA), hydrocarbonized WH (WHHC), and WHHC modified with CA (WHHC-CA). The capacity of these biosorbents to adsorb Cd(II) from water solutions was ascertained. WH and WHHC were modified hydrothermally using 2, 1 and 0.5 M CA solutions and were designated using CA concentration. All biosorbents were characterized using various techniques. At pH = 6 and 25 °C, WHHC-CA1 exhibited the highest capacity for adsorbing Cd(II) of 166.6 mg/g, so the optimal CA concentration is 1 M.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the relationship between Land Surface Temperature and Land Use/Land Cover in Sikhottabong District, Laos, for the years 1992 and 2023, utilizing Landsat imagery from 1992 to 2023. Geospatial techniques in Google Earth Engine were used to assess Land Use/Land Cover transitions and estimate Land Surface Temperature. Results show that built-up areas have doubled, forests have declined by 30 %, and agricultural areas have increased by 24 %. Land Surface Temperature positively correlates with the Normalized Difference Built-up Index and the Normalized Difference Bare Soil Index, and negatively with the Normalized Difference Water Index. The findings highlight how urban expansion raises Land Surface Temperature, while water bodies help mitigate it. To address the observed rise in Land Surface Temperature, strategies such as enhancing urban green spaces, promoting afforestation, and improving urban water management are recommended to mitigate the heat island effect and support sustainable urban development in Sikhottabong District.
{"title":"Analytical study on the relationship among Land Surface Temperature, Land Use Land Cover, and spectral indices using geospatial techniques over Sikhottabong District, Laos","authors":"Jedtavong Thepvongsa , Erni Saurmalinda Butar Butar","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the relationship between Land Surface Temperature and Land Use/Land Cover in Sikhottabong District, Laos, for the years 1992 and 2023, utilizing Landsat imagery from 1992 to 2023. Geospatial techniques in Google Earth Engine were used to assess Land Use/Land Cover transitions and estimate Land Surface Temperature. Results show that built-up areas have doubled, forests have declined by 30 %, and agricultural areas have increased by 24 %. Land Surface Temperature positively correlates with the Normalized Difference Built-up Index and the Normalized Difference Bare Soil Index, and negatively with the Normalized Difference Water Index. The findings highlight how urban expansion raises Land Surface Temperature, while water bodies help mitigate it. To address the observed rise in Land Surface Temperature, strategies such as enhancing urban green spaces, promoting afforestation, and improving urban water management are recommended to mitigate the heat island effect and support sustainable urban development in Sikhottabong District.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The widespread presence of BPA in water bodies poses significant environmental and health concerns, highlighting the need for sustainable and efficient removal technologies. This study presents an innovative approach for BPA remediation using biochar derived from king coconut shells—a readily available agricultural waste and by-product of a popular drink in many parts of Asia. Biochar pyrolyzed at 800 °C exhibited the highest removal efficiency, which was significantly enhanced to 80.1 ± 0.9 % following HCl activation. Further reduction of the particle size from 1.0–4.0 mm to 75–105 μm resulted in complete (100 %) removal of BPA. Batch adsorption experiments revealed optimal removal at pH 3–7, with a dosage of 5.0 g/L and an initial BPA concentration of 100.0 ppm. The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.99), with a maximum capacity of 39.53 mg/g. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order model accurately represented the adsorption dynamics, implying chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Regeneration experiments using ethanol demonstrated the reusability of the adsorbent, maintaining over 79.6 % removal efficiency after five consecutive cycles. These findings highlight the effectiveness of KBC800–HCl as a sustainable and high-performance adsorbent, demonstrating the broader potential of agricultural waste valorization in environmental remediation.
{"title":"From waste to resource: King coconut biochar as a green adsorbent for bisphenol A removal","authors":"Hashinika Matharage , Mahesh Jayaweera , Nilanthi Bandara , Jagath Manatunge , Daham Jayawardana , Janith Dissanayake","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread presence of BPA in water bodies poses significant environmental and health concerns, highlighting the need for sustainable and efficient removal technologies. This study presents an innovative approach for BPA remediation using biochar derived from king coconut shells—a readily available agricultural waste and by-product of a popular drink in many parts of Asia. Biochar pyrolyzed at 800 °C exhibited the highest removal efficiency, which was significantly enhanced to 80.1 ± 0.9 % following HCl activation. Further reduction of the particle size from 1.0–4.0 mm to 75–105 μm resulted in complete (100 %) removal of BPA. Batch adsorption experiments revealed optimal removal at pH 3–7, with a dosage of 5.0 g/L and an initial BPA concentration of 100.0 ppm. The adsorption process was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99), with a maximum capacity of 39.53 mg/g. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the pseudo-second-order model accurately represented the adsorption dynamics, implying chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Regeneration experiments using ethanol demonstrated the reusability of the adsorbent, maintaining over 79.6 % removal efficiency after five consecutive cycles. These findings highlight the effectiveness of KBC800–HCl as a sustainable and high-performance adsorbent, demonstrating the broader potential of agricultural waste valorization in environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101262
Nasmi Herlina Sari, Emmy Dyah Sulistyowati, Suteja, Muhammad Zulfadli
This study aims to develop and evaluate sustainable bio-composites using cellulose powder derived fromNicotiana tabacumstem waste, focusing on how varying filler content influences their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties. The cellulose powder was extracted through 5 % NaOH treatment and incorporated at various weight fractions to form composite formulations: BTN (10/90), BTL (15/85), BTK (20/80), BTI (25/75), BTH (30/70), and BTD (40/60), where the numbers represent the cellulose/resin ratio (% w/w). The composites were fabricated using hot press molding and evaluated for physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Results showed that increasing cellulose content significantly enhanced performance. The highest tensile strength was achieved at 159.47 ± 11.49 MPa for the BTD composite (40 % cellulose), representing a substantial improvement over lower filler loadings. Flexural strength similarly peaked at 174.92 ± 8.9 MPa, and thermal stability increased, with a decomposition onset near 380 °C. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of cellulose-related functional groups and improved interfacial bonding, while SEM images revealed reduced voids and better dispersion at higher filler contents. The wear resistance also improved, with the lowest wear rate of 0.073 mm3/Nm observed for BTD. These findings underscore the potential of Nicotiana tabacum-based composites as eco-friendly materials for structural and thermal applications.
{"title":"Bio-composites from Nicotiana tabacum stems waste: Exploring cellulose powder content and its impact on physical, mechanical, and thermal properties","authors":"Nasmi Herlina Sari, Emmy Dyah Sulistyowati, Suteja, Muhammad Zulfadli","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>This study aims to develop and evaluate sustainable bio-composites using cellulose powder derived from</strong> <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em> <strong>stem waste, focusing on how varying filler content influences their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties.</strong> The cellulose powder was extracted through 5 % NaOH treatment and incorporated at various weight fractions to form composite formulations: BTN (10/90), BTL (15/85), BTK (20/80), BTI (25/75), BTH (30/70), and BTD (40/60), where the numbers represent the cellulose/resin ratio (% w/w). The composites were fabricated using hot press molding and evaluated for physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Results showed that increasing cellulose content significantly enhanced performance. The highest tensile strength was achieved at 159.47 ± 11.49 MPa for the BTD composite (40 % cellulose), representing a substantial improvement over lower filler loadings. Flexural strength similarly peaked at 174.92 ± 8.9 MPa, and thermal stability increased, with a decomposition onset near 380 °C. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of cellulose-related functional groups and improved interfacial bonding, while SEM images revealed reduced voids and better dispersion at higher filler contents. The wear resistance also improved, with the lowest wear rate of 0.073 mm<sup>3</sup>/Nm observed for BTD. These findings underscore the potential of <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em>-based composites as eco-friendly materials for structural and thermal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101266
Abdullah A. Shaito , Nadin Younes , Sahar I. Daas , Al-Dana Dosari , Dana Nasrallah , Salma Younes , Mostafa H. Sliem , Aboubakr M. Abdullah , Gheyath K. Nasrallah
Corrosion of carbon steel pipelines in the oil and gas industry presents operational and environmental challenges, requiring safer alternatives to toxic corrosion inhibitors. This study evaluates Silicon-Q-22 (SQ22) as a green corrosion inhibitor using electrochemical and surface analysis techniques. SQ22 achieved 88.24 % (EIS) and 83.31 % (PDP) inhibition at 125 ppm and exhibited minimal toxicity in zebrafish embryos (LC50 = 22.36 mg/L). Below 2 mg/L (NOEC), SQ22 caused no significant toxicity but induced minor cardiac effects. With high efficacy and low environmental impact, SQ22 emerges as a promising, sustainable alternative for corrosion control in industrial applications.
{"title":"Silicone quaterium-22 surfactant as an eco-friendly carbon steel anticorrosive: Assessment of corrosion inhibition properties and ecotoxicity in zebrafish embryos","authors":"Abdullah A. Shaito , Nadin Younes , Sahar I. Daas , Al-Dana Dosari , Dana Nasrallah , Salma Younes , Mostafa H. Sliem , Aboubakr M. Abdullah , Gheyath K. Nasrallah","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corrosion of carbon steel pipelines in the oil and gas industry presents operational and environmental challenges, requiring safer alternatives to toxic corrosion inhibitors. This study evaluates Silicon-Q-22 (SQ22) as a green corrosion inhibitor using electrochemical and surface analysis techniques. SQ22 achieved 88.24 % (EIS) and 83.31 % (PDP) inhibition at 125 ppm and exhibited minimal toxicity in zebrafish embryos (LC50 = 22.36 mg/L). Below 2 mg/L (NOEC), SQ22 caused no significant toxicity but induced minor cardiac effects. With high efficacy and low environmental impact, SQ22 emerges as a promising, sustainable alternative for corrosion control in industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101263
Arif Dwi Santoso , Evi Sribudiani , Atien Priyanti , Dwi Yulistiani , Hotmatua Daulay , Rahmania Hanifa , I Gusti Ayu Putu Mahendri , Priyono , Umi K. Yaumidin , Arsyadi Ali , Edi Erwan , Dudi Iskandar , Ira Nurhayati Djarot
The palm oil industry generates substantial by-products with potential as alternative livestock feed. This study evaluated the digestibility and environmental impacts of two feed formulations: one combining oil palm fronds, solid decanter, and palm kernel cake, and another using oil palm fronds, palm kernel cake, and grated sago. Digestibility was assessed via the total collection method, while environmental performance was measured through openLCA 2.0 software, employing the CML-IA method with the Ecoinvent 3.8 database. The sago-based feed showed higher digestibility (65.71 %) but a poorer feed conversion ratio (16.81), primarily due to higher dry matter intake that increased overall feed consumption without a proportional gain in weight. Conversely, the solid decanter-based feed achieved better feed conversion ratio (11.53) but higher carbon emissions (223.415 kg CO2-eq/ton) compare with sago feed (197.243 kg CO2-eq/ton). In both feed formulations, feedstock mixing was identified as the dominant emission source, contributing over 99 % of total GHG emissions. These findings highlight trade-offs between nutritional efficiency and sustainability, emphasizing the need for low-impact ingredients and improved processing to optimize feed production.
棕榈油工业产生大量的副产品，具有替代牲畜饲料的潜力。本研究评估了两种饲料配方的消化率和环境影响：一种是由油棕叶、固体清液和棕榈仁饼组成的饲料配方，另一种是由油棕叶、棕榈仁饼和磨碎的西米组成的饲料配方。通过总收集法评估消化率，通过openLCA 2.0软件，采用CML-IA法与Ecoinvent 3.8数据库进行环境绩效评估。sago基饲料的消化率较高（65.71%），但饲料系数较低（16.81），这主要是由于干物质采食量增加，增加了总饲料消耗量，但没有造成体重成比例增加。相反，与西米饲料（197.243 kg CO2-eq/ton）相比，固体卧瓶饲料的饲料转化率（11.53）更好，但碳排放量（223.415 kg CO2-eq/ton）更高。在这两种饲料配方中，原料混合被确定为主要排放源，占温室气体排放总量的99%以上。这些发现强调了营养效率和可持续性之间的权衡，强调了使用低影响成分和改进加工以优化饲料生产的必要性。
{"title":"Sustainable utilization of palm oil industry by-products for livestock feed: A digestibility and environmental assessment","authors":"Arif Dwi Santoso , Evi Sribudiani , Atien Priyanti , Dwi Yulistiani , Hotmatua Daulay , Rahmania Hanifa , I Gusti Ayu Putu Mahendri , Priyono , Umi K. Yaumidin , Arsyadi Ali , Edi Erwan , Dudi Iskandar , Ira Nurhayati Djarot","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The palm oil industry generates substantial by-products with potential as alternative livestock feed. This study evaluated the digestibility and environmental impacts of two feed formulations: one combining oil palm fronds, solid decanter, and palm kernel cake, and another using oil palm fronds, palm kernel cake, and grated sago. Digestibility was assessed via the total collection method, while environmental performance was measured through openLCA 2.0 software, employing the CML-IA method with the Ecoinvent 3.8 database. The sago-based feed showed higher digestibility (65.71 %) but a poorer feed conversion ratio (16.81), primarily due to higher dry matter intake that increased overall feed consumption without a proportional gain in weight. Conversely, the solid decanter-based feed achieved better feed conversion ratio (11.53) but higher carbon emissions (223.415 kg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq/ton) compare with sago feed (197.243 kg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq/ton). In both feed formulations, feedstock mixing was identified as the dominant emission source, contributing over 99 % of total GHG emissions. These findings highlight trade-offs between nutritional efficiency and sustainability, emphasizing the need for low-impact ingredients and improved processing to optimize feed production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the co-pyrolysis of fresh palm fruit bunches (FFB) and waste cooking oil sludge (WCOS) in a batch pyrolyzer at various ratios (FFB:WCOS, 100:0 to 25:75). Increasing the WCOS ratio reduced the bio-oil yield (from 36.8 % to 25.8 %) but improved the quality. GC–MS revealed more long-chain alkanes, alkenes, and nitriles (e.g., hexadecanenitrile). The lower heating value rose to 42.2 MJ/kg, and the viscosity (2.7 cSt) was comparable to diesel fuel standards. These results indicate that co-processing FFB and WCOS produces bio-oils with favorable fuel properties, offering a sustainable route for the utilization of agricultural biomass and industrial waste.
{"title":"Fuel potential of bio-oil from co-pyrolysis of fresh palm fruit bunches and waste cooking oil sludge: composition, fuel properties, and carbon distribution analysis","authors":"Nathawat Unsomsri , Khanes Chunyok , Watcharapol Pakdee , Phakwan Muncharoenporn , Patchara Koedthong , Sittinun Tawkaew , Songkran Wiriyasart , Sommas Kaewluan","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the co-pyrolysis of fresh palm fruit bunches (FFB) and waste cooking oil sludge (WCOS) in a batch pyrolyzer at various ratios (FFB:WCOS, 100:0 to 25:75). Increasing the WCOS ratio reduced the bio-oil yield (from 36.8 % to 25.8 %) but improved the quality. GC–MS revealed more long-chain alkanes, alkenes, and nitriles (e.g., hexadecanenitrile). The lower heating value rose to 42.2 MJ/kg, and the viscosity (2.7 cSt) was comparable to diesel fuel standards. These results indicate that co-processing FFB and WCOS produces bio-oils with favorable fuel properties, offering a sustainable route for the utilization of agricultural biomass and industrial waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-19DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101259
Vanessa E. Mendes , Fábio Pereira , Marisa Rio , Carlos V. Miguel , Bruno M. Esteves
The wine industry faces growing water management challenges due to climate change-induced droughts worldwide. Winery wastewater, with varying organic loads across vintage periods, acidity, phenolic compounds, and trace pesticides, present significant environmental and operational challenges for producers. This study explores winery wastewater reclamation as a sustainable strategy, with ceramic membrane filtration offering a robust and scalable solution. Ultrafiltration (10 nm) was identified at bench-scale as the most effective, reducing chemical oxygen demand by 76 % (from an initial 20–56 mg L−1) and eliminating E. coli, meeting Portuguese reuse standards. For small to medium wineries, a compact unit (2.3 m2 of membrane filtration area) can supply 500 L h−1 of treated water, meeting daily needs for cleaning operations or irrigating up to 3.4 ha of vineyard or green spaces. By reducing freshwater demand, ceramic membranes contribute to enhanced climate resilience and sustainable water management in the wine sector.
由于全球气候变化引发的干旱，葡萄酒行业面临着越来越多的水资源管理挑战。酒庄废水在不同年份的有机负荷、酸度、酚类化合物和微量农药等方面存在差异，给生产商带来了重大的环境和运营挑战。本研究探讨了作为可持续战略的酒庄废水回收，陶瓷膜过滤提供了一个强大的和可扩展的解决方案。超滤（10 nm）在实验规模上被确定为最有效的，减少了76%的化学需氧量（从最初的20-56 mg L−1），并消除了大肠杆菌，符合葡萄牙的重复使用标准。对于中小型酿酒厂，一个紧凑的单元（2.3平方米的膜过滤面积）可以提供500 L h−1的处理水，满足清洁操作或灌溉高达3.4公顷的葡萄园或绿地的日常需求。通过减少淡水需求，陶瓷膜有助于提高葡萄酒行业的气候适应能力和可持续水资源管理。
{"title":"Ceramic membranes for winery wastewater management: feasibility study and water reuse potential","authors":"Vanessa E. Mendes , Fábio Pereira , Marisa Rio , Carlos V. Miguel , Bruno M. Esteves","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wine industry faces growing water management challenges due to climate change-induced droughts worldwide. Winery wastewater, with varying organic loads across vintage periods, acidity, phenolic compounds, and trace pesticides, present significant environmental and operational challenges for producers. This study explores winery wastewater reclamation as a sustainable strategy, with ceramic membrane filtration offering a robust and scalable solution. Ultrafiltration (10 nm) was identified at bench-scale as the most effective, reducing chemical oxygen demand by 76 % (from an initial 20–56 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) and eliminating <em>E. coli</em>, meeting Portuguese reuse standards. For small to medium wineries, a compact unit (2.3 m<sup>2</sup> of membrane filtration area) can supply 500 L h<sup>−1</sup> of treated water, meeting daily needs for cleaning operations or irrigating up to 3.4 ha of vineyard or green spaces. By reducing freshwater demand, ceramic membranes contribute to enhanced climate resilience and sustainable water management in the wine sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-18DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101264
Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao , Pham Thi Le Na , Ky-Phuong-Ha Huynh , Bao-Trong Dang
This study conducted a comparative analysis of non-porous (CN400) and porous (CN600) biochar for trimethoprim (TMP) removal under varying pH (3, 7, and 10) and temperature conditions (20, 26, and 32 °C). Bayesian nonlinear regression was used to quantify uncertainty in both adsorption isotherms and derived thermodynamic parameters. The biochar was characterized by yield, point of zero charge, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The experimental data were statistically interpreted using the pseudo-second-order, modified intraparticle diffusion, and Langmuir isotherm model. The results showed that the non-porous structure of CN400 had a smaller surface area than that of CN600 (4 vs. 372 m2 g−1, respectively). However, CN400 exhibited a higher sorption capacity (9.44 vs. 3.48 mmol kg−1) at pH 7 and 20 °C, and significantly faster sorption kinetics than CN600 (2 vs. 87 min, respectively). Based on frontier molecular orbital theory calculations, TMP sorption onto CN400 was driven by three synergistic mechanisms including electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions. Interestingly, raising the temperature from 20 to 32 °C resulted in a 1.8-fold increase in Qmax for CN400 and up to a 6.9-fold increase for CN600, attributed to enhanced pore diffusion kinetics at high solution temperatures. Bayesian inference-based thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the TMP sorption process was both spontaneous and exothermic. Our statistical findings suggest that tailoring CN400/CN600 biochar could offer a synergistic strategy to accelerate TMP adsorption and maximize sorption capacity in water treatment systems.
本研究在不同pH值（3、7和10）和温度条件（20、26和32°C）下，对无孔（CN400）和多孔（CN600）生物炭去除甲氧苄啶（TMP）进行了比较分析。贝叶斯非线性回归用于定量吸附等温线和导出的热力学参数的不确定性。通过产率、零电荷点、扫描电子显微镜（x射线能谱）、傅里叶变换红外光谱、x射线衍射和N2吸附-脱附等温线对生物炭进行了表征。实验数据采用伪二阶、修正粒子内扩散和Langmuir等温线模型进行统计解释。结果表明，CN400的无孔结构比CN600具有更小的表面积（分别为4和372 m2 g−1）。然而，CN400在pH为7和20°C时表现出更高的吸附量（9.44 vs. 3.48 mmol kg−1），并且吸附动力学显著快于CN600（分别为2 vs. 87 min）。基于前沿分子轨道理论计算，TMP在CN400上的吸附是由静电吸引、氢键和π -π电子供体-受体相互作用三种协同机制驱动的。有趣的是，将温度从20°C提高到32°C， CN400的Qmax增加了1.8倍，CN600的Qmax增加了6.9倍，这是由于高溶液温度下孔隙扩散动力学的增强。基于贝叶斯推理的热力学分析证实了TMP的吸附过程是自发的，也是放热的。我们的统计结果表明，定制CN400/CN600生物炭可以提供一种协同策略，以加速TMP的吸附，并最大化水处理系统的吸附能力。
{"title":"Comparison of porous and non-porous biochar for trimethoprim removal: Quantifying uncertainty in sorption and thermodynamic parameters over different pH and temperature","authors":"Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao , Pham Thi Le Na , Ky-Phuong-Ha Huynh , Bao-Trong Dang","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducted a comparative analysis of non-porous (CN400) and porous (CN600) biochar for trimethoprim (TMP) removal under varying pH (3, 7, and 10) and temperature conditions (20, 26, and 32 °C). Bayesian nonlinear regression was used to quantify uncertainty in both adsorption isotherms and derived thermodynamic parameters. The biochar was characterized by yield, point of zero charge, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption isotherms. The experimental data were statistically interpreted using the pseudo-second-order, modified intraparticle diffusion, and Langmuir isotherm model. The results showed that the non-porous structure of CN400 had a smaller surface area than that of CN600 (4 vs. 372 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively). However, CN400 exhibited a higher sorption capacity (9.44 vs. 3.48 mmol kg<sup>−1</sup>) at pH 7 and 20 °C, and significantly faster sorption kinetics than CN600 (2 vs. 87 min, respectively). Based on frontier molecular orbital theory calculations, TMP sorption onto CN400 was driven by three synergistic mechanisms including electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions. Interestingly, raising the temperature from 20 to 32 °C resulted in a 1.8-fold increase in <em>Q</em><sub>max</sub> for CN400 and up to a 6.9-fold increase for CN600, attributed to enhanced pore diffusion kinetics at high solution temperatures. Bayesian inference-based thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the TMP sorption process was both spontaneous and exothermic. Our statistical findings suggest that tailoring CN400/CN600 biochar could offer a synergistic strategy to accelerate TMP adsorption and maximize sorption capacity in water treatment systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101260
Balamurali Kanagaraj , N. Anand , U. Johnson Alengaram , R. Samuvel Raj , Eva Lubloy
The present study, highlights the life cycle analysis (LCA) of concrete, from material procurement to the final disposal of the final product, after its service life was studied. Two types of concrete, M30, and M50, were employed to compare the sustainability performance with incorporating natural and recycled materials. The recycled material is sourced from the demolished building, which is processed to remove the unwanted debris and obtain quality aggregates ranging from 10 mm to 12.5 mm. The processed recycled aggregates (RA) were replaced with 50 % and 100 % of conventional natural aggregate in the concrete. The greenhouse gas emission (GHG-e) and the embodied energy (EE) of the concrete mix ingredients were analyzed with the concrete production. In comparison with the M30 and M50 grade concrete, nearly, 17 % lower GHG-e was recorded for M30 grade concrete when compared to M50 grade concrete. After the service life of concrete, the GHG-e and EE associated during the demolition, loading, and transportation of demolished material was found to be 4.62 kg-CO2/m3 and 63.67 MJ/m3.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on life-cycle assessment of concrete using industrial by-products","authors":"Balamurali Kanagaraj , N. Anand , U. Johnson Alengaram , R. Samuvel Raj , Eva Lubloy","doi":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study, highlights the life cycle analysis (LCA) of concrete, from material procurement to the final disposal of the final product, after its service life was studied. Two types of concrete, M30, and M50, were employed to compare the sustainability performance with incorporating natural and recycled materials. The recycled material is sourced from the demolished building, which is processed to remove the unwanted debris and obtain quality aggregates ranging from 10 mm to 12.5 mm. The processed recycled aggregates (RA) were replaced with 50 % and 100 % of conventional natural aggregate in the concrete. The greenhouse gas emission (GHG-e) and the embodied energy (EE) of the concrete mix ingredients were analyzed with the concrete production. In comparison with the M30 and M50 grade concrete, nearly, 17 % lower GHG-e was recorded for M30 grade concrete when compared to M50 grade concrete. After the service life of concrete, the GHG-e and EE associated during the demolition, loading, and transportation of demolished material was found to be 4.62 kg-CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>3</sup> and 63.67 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34388,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 101260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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