Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering最新文献_第6页

Purification of oil produced water using ceramic membrane: an experimental and response surface model analysis 陶瓷膜净化采出水的实验及响应面模型分析

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101288

Mansour Al-Haddabi , Hari Vuthaluru , Hussein Znad , Mingjie Chen , Mushtaque Ahmed

The treatment of produced water remains a pressing challenge in the oil and gas sector, given its complex mixture of dispersed oil, dissolved organics, salts, and suspended solids. In this study, we examined the performance of a ceramic α-Al₂O₃ membrane (50 nm pore size) under cross-flow operation for real produced water, across a practical range of pressures (1.3–7 bar) and temperatures (25–45 °C). Unlike many previous investigations that relied on synthetic emulsions or limited operating windows, this work uniquely combines real-field oily water testing with response surface modeling (RSM) and Sobol sensitivity analysis to disentangle the relative roles of pressure and temperature.

The membrane achieved oil-in-water (OIW) rejection between 78 % and 99.99 %, reducing concentrations to as low as 0.15 ppm. Turbidity rejection consistently exceeded 96 %, while TOC and COD reductions ranged from 30 to 60 % and 0.36–62 %, respectively. Permeate flux reached up to 150 L m⁻² h⁻¹, with apparent permeability values between 150 and 210 L m⁻² h⁻¹·bar⁻¹, and recovery peaked at 91 %. Sensitivity analysis identified pressure as the dominant operating parameter, whereas temperature introduced competing effects of viscosity reduction and fouling enhancement.

These results provide evidence that ceramic membranes can offer reliable separation performance for untreated produced water, while the integration of RSM and Sobol analysis delivers a novel quantitative framework for optimizing operating conditions. The study highlights both the opportunities and trade-offs of deploying ceramic membranes at scale, offering insights directly relevant to regulatory compliance and water reuse strategies in oilfield applications.

由于采出水是分散的油、溶解的有机物、盐和悬浮固体的复杂混合物，因此采出水的处理仍然是油气行业面临的一个紧迫挑战。在这项研究中，我们测试了陶瓷α-Al2O3膜（孔径为50 nm）在实际生产水中的横流操作下，在实际压力（1.3-7 bar）和温度（25-45°C）范围内的性能。与以往依赖于合成乳液或有限操作窗口的许多研究不同，这项工作独特地将现场油水测试与响应面建模（RSM）和Sobol灵敏度分析相结合，以解开压力和温度的相对作用。该膜对水包油（OIW）的截留率在78% ~ 99.99%之间，可将OIW浓度降低至0.15 ppm。浊度去除率一直超过96%，而TOC和COD的减少幅度分别为30%至60%和0.36 - 62%。渗透率最高可达150 L m−2 h−1，表观渗透率在150 ~ 210 L m−2 h−1·bar−1之间，采收率达到91%。敏感性分析表明压力是主要的操作参数，而温度则引入了粘度降低和结垢增强的竞争效应。这些结果证明，陶瓷膜可以为未经处理的产出水提供可靠的分离性能，而RSM和Sobol分析的集成为优化操作条件提供了新的定量框架。该研究强调了大规模部署陶瓷膜的机遇和权衡，为油田应用中的法规遵从性和水再利用策略提供了直接相关的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the change of nutritional and antioxidant content in purple brown rice grown in rice–shrimp farming systems during green germination process 了解稻虾联种紫糙米青芽过程中营养和抗氧化剂含量的变化

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101289

Nguyen Thi Ngoc Giang , Tran Van Khai

This research examined the way germination conditions influence the nutritional and antioxidant profiles of a new purple brown rice variety grown in rice–shrimp farming systems in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize temperature (25–40 °C) and time (18–36 h) for the enhancement of key bioactive components, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), free amino acids, total phenolic content (TPC), and anthocyanins. The findings indicated that germination markedly enhanced GABA levels (up to 0.015 mg/g) and free amino acid concentrations (up to 7.3 mg/g), which can be ascribed to enzymatic activation and stress-induced mechanisms. Anthocyanins, the primary antioxidants in purple rice, significantly decreased, retaining approximately 3 % of their original concentration, likely due to thermal and oxidative sensitivity during soaking and sprouting. The maximum TPC recorded was 37.09 °C for 22.25 h, although it decreased from the original value, suggesting partial degradation compensated by the enzymatic release of bound phenolics. Optimal germination was achieved at 35.2 °C for approximately 26 h, as the optimal condition for achieving a high germination rate (97.93 %), moderate anthocyanin retention (0.091 mg/g), and increased levels of GABA and amino acids. The findings highlight the trade-offs associated with germinating pigmented rice and present a scientifically validated protocol for producing germinated purple rice with enhanced functional value. This study advances the creation of high-value, health-promoting rice products derived from local varieties suited to integrated rice–shrimp ecosystems.

本研究考察了在越南湄公河三角洲稻虾养殖系统中生长的一种新的紫糙米品种的发芽条件对其营养和抗氧化特性的影响。采用响应面法优化温度（25-40°C）和时间（18-36 h），对关键生物活性成分γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、游离氨基酸、总酚含量（TPC）和花青素进行增强。结果表明，萌发显著提高了GABA水平（最高0.015 mg/g）和游离氨基酸浓度（最高7.3 mg/g），这可能与酶激活和胁迫诱导机制有关。紫稻的主要抗氧化剂花青素含量显著下降，仅为原来的3%左右，这可能是浸泡和发芽过程中的热敏感性和氧化敏感性所致。记录的最大TPC为37.09°C，时间为22.25 h，虽然较原始值有所下降，但表明酶解结合的酚类物质补偿了部分降解。最佳发芽率为97.93%，花青素残留量适中（0.091 mg/g）， GABA和氨基酸含量均有提高。研究结果强调了与发芽色素水稻相关的权衡，并提出了一种科学验证的方案，用于生产具有增强功能价值的发芽紫稻。本研究推进了从适合稻虾综合生态系统的当地品种中提取高价值、促进健康的稻米产品的创造。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of nano-additives and synthesis parameters on the specific heat capacity of ternary carbonate molten salt 纳米添加剂及合成参数对三元碳酸盐熔盐比热容的影响

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101287

M.N.A. Siddiki, M.A. Islam, S. Saha

引用次数: 0

Efficient removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) on NiFeAl-LDH@Polystyrene nanocomposite in single and binary systems: Optimization, kinetic and isotherm studies NiFeAl-LDH@Polystyrene纳米复合材料在单、二元体系中高效去除Cd（II）和Pb(II)：优化、动力学和等温线研究

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101285

Shahad A. Raheem , Ahmed A. Mohammed

Toxic heavy metals have undesirable consequences for the health of all living things, and their presence in the aquatic environment is a significant concern. In this study, a core-shell nanocomposite (NiFeAl-LDH@Polystyrene(PS)) was synthesized by recycling styrofoam waste with PS:LDH ratios of 2:1 and characterized using (TEM, SEM/EDS, XRD, FTIR, and BET). Then investigate its ability to adsorb Cd⁺² and pb⁺² ions in single and binary systems. Results showed a hexagonal platelet morphology of NiFeAl-LDH uniformly covered by a shell of PS nanosphers with an average pore diameter of 28.63 nm and a successful adsorption of Cd⁺² and pb⁺² ions on NiFeAl-LDH@PS. The optimization and influence of adsorption parameters (pH, dosage, agitation speed, initial concentration, and contact time) on the adsorption process were investigated using RSM analysis, yielding a good fit between experimental data and predicted responses with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9956 and 0.9521 for Cd⁺² and pb⁺², respectively. Adsorption experiments showed that the removal efficiency of Cd⁺² and pb⁺² in single-component system was 94.42 % and 99.65 %, respectively. While in the binary system, the removal efficiencies of Cd⁺² and pb⁺² were reduced, indicating that Cd⁺² and Pb⁺² adsorption was affected by the presence of other metal ion. The Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum capacity of 57.4713 and 177.305 mg/g, for Cd⁺² and pb^+2, respectively, and the competitive Langmuir model best described the adsorption data in a single-and binary-component system. In a single-component system, it was found that the PSO models accurately described the adsorption, indicating a chemosorption process. Additionally, the modified PSO was used to describe the binary adsorption data on NiFeAl-LDH@PS. Electrostatic force interaction, oxygen-containing functional groups, and complexation reactions controlled the adsorption process. NiAlFe-LDH@PS showed significant reusability as the efficiency was 38.56 % and 42.37 % for Cd⁺² and Pb⁺², respectively, after six regeneration cycles. In conclusion, NiAlFe-LDH@PS nanocomposite can be considered as an effective adsorbent in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.

有毒重金属对所有生物的健康都有不良后果，它们在水生环境中的存在是一个重大问题。本研究以聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料废料为原料，以聚苯乙烯与LDH的比例为2:1合成了核壳纳米复合材料NiFeAl-LDH@Polystyrene(PS)，并利用TEM、SEM/EDS、XRD、FTIR和BET对其进行了表征。然后研究了其在单体系和双体系中吸附Cd+2和pb+2离子的能力。结果表明，NiFeAl-LDH呈六方片状，表面均匀覆盖着PS纳米球壳，平均孔径为28.63 nm，在NiFeAl-LDH@PS上成功吸附了Cd+2和pb+2离子。通过RSM分析考察了pH、投加量、搅拌速度、初始浓度和接触时间对Cd+2和pb+2吸附过程的影响，结果表明，Cd+2和pb+2的实验结果与预测结果吻合较好，相关系数（R2）分别为0.9956和0.9521。吸附实验表明，单组分体系对Cd+2和pb+2的去除率分别为94.42%和99.65%。而在二元体系中，Cd+2和pb+2的去除率降低，说明Cd+2和pb+2的吸附受到其他金属离子的影响。Langmuir等温线模型对Cd+2和pb+2的最大吸附量分别为57.4713和177.305 mg/g， Langmuir模型和竞争Langmuir模型最能描述单组分和二元组分体系的吸附数据。在单组分体系中，发现PSO模型准确地描述了吸附，表明了化学吸附过程。此外，还利用改进后的PSO描述了NiFeAl-LDH@PS上的二元吸附数据。静电力相互作用、含氧官能团和络合反应控制了吸附过程。NiAlFe-LDH@PS在6次再生循环后，Cd+2和Pb+2的再生效率分别为38.56%和42.37%，具有显著的可重复利用性。综上所述，NiAlFe-LDH@PS纳米复合材料可以被认为是一种去除水中重金属的有效吸附剂。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the essential oil production from agricultural food waste: A case study Chaiyaphum province, Thailand 调查从农业食品废弃物中生产精油：以泰国猜雅府为例

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101286

Sukanya Hongthong , Wiparat Nisapai , Surachai Wongcharee , Prasubsuk Soythong

The valorization of agricultural food waste into high value bioproducts aligns with the principles of sustainable development and circular bioeconomy. This study investigates the extraction, chemical characterization, and techno-economic feasibility of essential oil production from three selected agricultural residues: lemongrass leaves, bergamot peels, and peppermint. Utilizing steam distillation under controlled conditions (90 minutes at 100 °C, 5:1 water-to-biomass ratio), the maximum essential oil yields were 0.55 % (w/w) for both lemongrass and bergamot, and 0.48 % (w/w) for peppermint. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was employed to identify the dominant functional groups in the oils, revealing key constituents such as aldehydes, alcohols, alkanes, and carbonyl compounds, which support their bioactivity and aromatic potential. A comparative cost analysis demonstrated that lemongrass and bergamot offer the most favorable cost-to-yield ratio, with production costs ranging from $3.00 to $6.00 per 5 kg batch, corresponding to approximately $0.11–$0.22 per milliliter of oil. Although peppermint oil exhibited a slightly lower yield and higher raw material cost, its elevated market value particularly in pharmaceutical and oral care industries may compensate for the reduced process efficiency. When benchmarked against solvent extraction and supercritical CO₂ techniques, steam distillation emerged as the most accessible and economically viable method for community-scale operations, offering a safer and more sustainable alternative. This study highlights the feasibility of integrating decentralized essential oil production systems into agro-waste management frameworks, particularly within rural and community enterprise contexts. The findings support the broader implementation of low-cost, resource-efficient extraction technologies for converting biomass waste into marketable natural products, thereby enhancing rural incomes and reducing environmental burdens.

将农业食品垃圾转化为高价值生物产品符合可持续发展和循环生物经济的原则。本研究考察了从柠檬草叶、佛手柑皮和薄荷三种选定的农业残留物中提取精油、化学特性和技术经济可行性。在控制条件下（100°C， 90分钟，水与生物质比为5:1），柠檬草和佛手柑的最大精油收率为0.55% (w/w)，薄荷的最大精油收率为0.48% （w/w）。傅里叶变换红外光谱法鉴定了油中的主要官能团，揭示了关键成分，如醛、醇、烷烃和羰基化合物，这些成分支持其生物活性和芳香潜力。一项比较成本分析表明，柠檬草和佛手柑具有最有利的成本产出比，每5公斤批次的生产成本在3美元到6美元之间，相当于每毫升油约0.11美元到0.22美元。虽然薄荷油的产量略低，原料成本较高，但其市场价值的提高，特别是在制药和口腔护理行业，可能弥补了工艺效率的降低。与溶剂萃取和超临界CO2技术相比，蒸汽蒸馏成为社区规模操作中最容易获得、最经济可行的方法，提供了一种更安全、更可持续的替代方案。这项研究强调了将分散的精油生产系统纳入农业废物管理框架的可行性，特别是在农村和社区企业背景下。研究结果支持更广泛地实施低成本、资源高效的提取技术，将生物质废物转化为可销售的天然产品，从而提高农村收入并减轻环境负担。

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引用次数: 0

Controlling calcium carbonate scaling in desalination: A green approach using citric acid 控制海水淡化中碳酸钙结垢：柠檬酸的绿色方法

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101283

Giuseppe Mazziotti di Celso , Marina Prisciandaro , Despina Karatza , Dino Musmarra , Alessandro Erto , Amedeo Lancia

This study focuses on the deposition of calcium carbonate, adding citric acid in solution: it shows green properties and can retard scale precipitation, reducing equipment malfunctions. Three concentrations were considered (

0.520 \times 10^{- 3}

,

1.041 \times 10^{- 3}

,

1.561 \times 10^{- 3} m o l / l

), with different temperature values (

15 °C

,

35 °C

). Results showed that citric acid is a powerful retarding agent, enhancing this behaviour at

15 °C

. Moreover, it makes nucleation more difficult because it can increase the interfacial tension between

C a {C O}_{3}

crystals and the surrounding solution. Finally, citric acid favors the formation of calcite crystals with reduced sizes, whose morphological characteristics hinder their growth.

本研究主要研究碳酸钙的沉积，在溶液中加入柠檬酸，它具有绿色特性，可以延缓水垢的沉淀，减少设备故障。考虑三种浓度（0.520×10−3,1.041×10−3,1.561×10−3mol/l），不同的温度值（15°C, 35°C）。结果表明，柠檬酸是一种强效缓凝剂，在15℃时可增强其缓凝性能。此外，它会增加CaCO3晶体与周围溶液之间的界面张力，从而使成核更加困难。最后，柠檬酸有利于方解石晶体的形成，其形态特征阻碍了它们的生长。

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引用次数: 0

Critical overflow of the main combined sewer in the city of Lviv: A case study of recent extreme flooding 利沃夫市主要联合下水道的严重溢出：最近极端洪水的案例研究

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101284

Ivan Matlai, Ihor Popadiuk, Lesya Vovk, Volodymyr Zhuk

The city of Lviv in Ukraine has a combined sewer system where the main sewer function is performed by the Poltva River, shaped in the underground concrete channel. In this study improved hydraulic model of Lviv sewerage system was developed, taking into account a pressure flow mode, as well as limit discharge capacities, corresponding to the urban flooding. Hydraulic modelling was conducted for the heavy rainfall event on July 5, 2022. A strong correlation was observed between the actual flood volume and the modelled overflow of the main sewer, obtained through hydraulic modelling.

乌克兰的利沃夫市有一个综合下水道系统，其中主要的下水道功能是由波尔特瓦河在地下混凝土通道中形成的。本研究针对利沃夫城市洪涝灾害，建立了改进的利沃夫污水系统水力模型，该模型考虑了压力流模式，并考虑了城市洪涝灾害的极限排放能力。对2022年7月5日的强降雨事件进行了水力建模。通过水力模拟，观察到实际洪水量与模拟的主要下水道溢流量之间存在很强的相关性。

引用次数: 0

Interfacial engineering approach for enhanced degradation of methylene blue using platinum-coated polystyrene rough particles: Flow-regulated catalytic activity and kinetic modeling 使用镀铂聚苯乙烯粗颗粒增强亚甲基蓝降解的界面工程方法：流动调节催化活性和动力学建模

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101279

Faizan Khan , Vishal Singh Pawak , Chandra Shekhar , Venkateshwar Rao Dugyala , Tarak Mondal , Manigandan Sabapathy

This study explores an efficient decontamination strategy using platinum-coated polystyrene rough-particles as a micron-sized catalyst system for decomposing methylene blue (MB), a common organic pollutant. The synthesized nanomaterials were comprehensively characterized using Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), confirming their morphology, size distribution, and surface properties. The decontamination was performed at the air-water interface through an interface trapping method, with enhanced mixing achieved under a controlled flow environment. The experiments were conducted with a circulation speed of 50 RPM, corresponding to a Reynolds number (NR

_{e}

) of 1686 and a high particle packing fraction of 0.8. Under these operating conditions, complete degradation of MB was achieved within 30 min, significantly faster than the 75 min required for degradation in the bulk phase. The reaction kinetics were analyzed and found to follow the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model, with an estimated rate constant of 0.018 min⁻¹, indicating efficient surface-mediated catalytic activity. Furthermore, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed to validate and predict the degradation kinetics, showing a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 5.5 and a high correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9656, confirming the reliability of the predictive model. This interface-assisted, catalyst-based degradation approach demonstrates a promising, reusable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solution for advanced wastewater treatment applications.

本研究探索了一种有效的净化策略，利用镀铂聚苯乙烯粗颗粒作为微米级催化剂系统来分解亚甲基蓝（MB），这是一种常见的有机污染物。采用纳米颗粒跟踪分析（NTA）、动态光散射（DLS）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对合成的纳米材料进行了综合表征，确定了其形貌、尺寸分布和表面性质。通过界面捕获方法在空气-水界面进行净化，在控制流动环境下实现了增强的混合。实验以50 RPM的循环速度进行，对应的雷诺数（NRe）为1686，高颗粒堆积分数为0.8。在这些操作条件下，MB的完全降解在30分钟内实现，明显快于主体阶段降解所需的75分钟。分析了反应动力学，发现反应遵循Langmuir-Hinshelwood模型，估计速率常数为0.018 min−1，表明有效的表面催化活性。建立了人工神经网络（ANN）模型对降解动力学进行了验证和预测，结果表明，预测模型的均方根误差（RMSE）为5.5，相关系数（R2）为0.9656，验证了预测模型的可靠性。这种界面辅助的、基于催化剂的降解方法展示了一种有前途的、可重复使用的、具有成本效益的、环保的高级废水处理应用解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Microwave-assisted synthesis of hybrid materials "Posidonia oceanica-copper nanoparticles" for wastewater purification 微波辅助合成用于废水净化的杂化材料“海芋藻-纳米铜”

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101280

Rania Hrichi , Muhammad Umar Azam , Alen Nils Baeza Fonte , Ridha Touati , Manuel Valiente , Aida Kesraoui , Khalid Askar

Synthetic dyes released by the textile and related industries are a major source of water pollution due to their persistence, toxicity, and resistance to conventional treatment methods The development of sustainable and efficient biosorbents therefore represents a key challenge in wastewater treatment. In this study, dried Posidonia Oceanica (P.O) biomass was used for the first time in the microwave-assisted synthesis of hybrid materials functionalized with copper (1 %, 2 %, and 4 % Cu²⁺), offering a rapid, energy-efficient, and solvent-free alternative to conventional methods. This technique enhances chemical yield and reaction control while minimizing environmental impact. The raw and modified P.O fibers were characterized using zero point of charge (pH_pzc) and Boehm titration to determine surface acidity/basicity. Further structural and morphological analyses were conducted using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirming the formation of Cu–OH, Cu–O–C, and Cu(COOH)₂ bonds and an increase in basic surface sites. The materials' adsorption performance was assessed by removing methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solutions. Biosorption capacity increased from 0.768 mg g⁻¹ for raw P.O to 0.981 mg g⁻¹ for P.O-4 % Cu²⁺. Important factors influencing adsorption were examined. Prewashing with 0.01 M EDTA reduced NaCl interference, thereby enhancing MO removal. Increasing the adsorbent mass improved dye uptake; while higher temperature slightly improved adsorption, indicating a slightly endothermic process. Kinetic modeling using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Brouers–Sotolongo (n = 2) models indicated that the Brouers–Sotolongo model best described the process, with improved retention rates and homogeneity (α = 1; ζc = 2.51 min). Recyclability tests demonstrated that P.O-4 % Cu²⁺ retained 92 % of its adsorption capacity after three cycles when regenerated with HCl + NaCl, highlighting its potential for reuse. These results demonstrate that microwave-assisted Cu²⁺ modification significantly enhances the biosorption properties of P.O fibers, making them promising, sustainable biosorbents for dye removal in wastewater treatment applications.

纺织和相关工业释放的合成染料由于其持久性、毒性和对传统处理方法的抗性而成为水污染的主要来源，因此开发可持续和高效的生物吸附剂是废水处理的关键挑战。在这项研究中，干燥的Posidonia Oceanica （P.O）生物质首次用于微波辅助合成含铜（1%，2%和4% Cu2+）的杂化材料，为传统方法提供了一种快速，节能，无溶剂的替代方法。该技术提高了化学产量和反应控制，同时最大限度地减少了对环境的影响。采用零电荷法（pHpzc）和Boehm滴定法测定表面酸碱度，对原料和改性P.O纤维进行了表征。利用红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能量色散x射线能谱（EDX）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）进行了进一步的结构和形态分析，证实了Cu - oh、Cu - o - c和Cu(COOH)2键的形成以及表面碱性位点的增加。通过对水溶液中甲基橙（MO）的去除，评价了材料的吸附性能。生P.O的生物吸附量从0.768 mg g−1增加到P.O- 4% Cu2+的0.981 mg g−1。考察了影响吸附的重要因素。0.01 M EDTA预洗降低了NaCl的干扰，从而提高了MO的去除率。增加吸附剂质量可提高染料吸附性；而较高的温度稍微改善了吸附，表明吸热过程轻微。采用拟一阶、拟二阶和Brouers-Sotolongo （n = 2）模型进行动力学建模表明，Brouers-Sotolongo模型最能描述该过程，且具有较高的保留率和均匀性（α = 1; ζc = 2.51 min）。可回收性试验表明，用HCl + NaCl再生三次后，p.o - 4% Cu2+的吸附容量仍保持92%，表明其具有重复利用的潜力。这些结果表明，微波辅助Cu2+改性显著提高了P.O纤维的生物吸附性能，使其成为废水处理中有前途的、可持续的生物吸附剂。

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引用次数: 0

Minimal effect of raw water turbidity on operational energy use of drinking water treatment 原水浊度对饮用水处理运行能耗的影响最小

Q1 Environmental Science

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101282

Kenneth T. Quintana, Robert B. Sowby

The energy use of drinking water treatment plants (WTPs) depends on several variables, and while processes within the plant have been analyzed, the effect of raw water quality on energy use is less well studied. We analyze raw water turbidity, energy (electricity) use, and production volume in eight WTPs in Utah, USA, over a multi-year period. As expected, we find seasonal trends in energy use, turbidity, and production volume that correspond with watershed and water demand conditions. However, we find no significant relationship between influent turbidity and energy use. This is somewhat counterintuitive since one might assume that more turbid water is more difficult to treat. While higher turbidity does affect WTP operation (e.g., more chemical dosing and backwashing), it appears that the incremental energy use is minimal compared to the baseline. While consistently high turbidity might prompt the selection of a more energy-intensive process during WTP design, we conclude that, for a given WTP, typical operational fluctuations in turbidity do not meaningfully increase energy use.

饮用水处理厂（WTPs）的能源使用取决于几个变量，虽然对工厂内的过程进行了分析，但对原水质量对能源使用的影响的研究较少。我们分析了美国犹他州八个污水处理厂多年来的原水浊度、能源（电力）使用和产量。正如预期的那样，我们发现能源使用、浑浊度和产量的季节性趋势与流域和水需求条件相对应。然而，我们发现进水浑浊度和能源使用之间没有显著的关系。这有点违反直觉，因为人们可能会认为越浑浊的水越难以处理。虽然较高的浊度确实影响WTP操作（例如，更多的化学剂量和反冲洗），但与基线相比，增加的能源使用似乎是最小的。虽然持续的高浊度可能促使在WTP设计期间选择更耗能的工艺，但我们得出的结论是，对于给定的WTP，浊度的典型操作波动不会有意地增加能源使用。

引用次数: 0