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2019 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)最新文献

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An Efficient DFT Implementation Using Modified Group Distributed Arithmetic 基于改进群分布算法的DFT高效实现
S. Santhosh Kumar, S. Veeramachaneni, Noor Mahammad Sk
Many of the modern signal/image processing applications use Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) as one of the core functional elements to process the input signal/image from one domain to another. Hardware design of the DFT is complex and many researchers have proposed variety of methods to implement it. Computational complexity of 1D, N-point DFT is $O(N^{2})$. Distributed arithmetic is one of the promising and efficient technique to implement any discrete orthogonal transform. This paper proposes an efficient approach to implement DFT using distributed arithmetic. The proposed technique exploits the repetitive pattern of coefficients and stores efficiently in the memory and reduces the storage by 75% compared to the existing group distributed arithmetic for 8-point DFT. The proposed approach uses the property of group distributed arithmetic efficiently in the architecture.
许多现代信号/图像处理应用使用离散傅里叶变换(DFT)作为处理输入信号/图像从一个域到另一个域的核心功能元素之一。DFT的硬件设计非常复杂,许多研究者提出了多种实现方法。一维N点DFT的计算复杂度为$O(N^{2})$。分布式算法是实现任意离散正交变换的一种很有前途的有效方法。本文提出了一种利用分布式算法实现DFT的有效方法。该方法利用系数的重复模式,有效地存储在存储器中,与现有的8点DFT组分布算法相比,存储空间减少了75%。该方法在体系结构中有效地利用了群分布算法的特性。
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引用次数: 0
Design of a Broadband Fractal Antenna for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio 一种用于认知无线电频谱感知的宽带分形天线设计
Monika Aggarwal, Amar Partap Singh Pharwaha
In this paper, a new type of hut-shaped broadband fractal antenna is proposed for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio. The proposed antenna is designed for its operation in the 3.56 - 6.67 GHz band with omnidirectional radiation pattern. Return loss has been improved by using Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) technique. The simulation result confirms the accuracy and efficiency of MFO for antenna design. The gain, directivity and radiation efficiency of the design are appropriate at all frequencies in the specified spectrum. Radiation pattern is also omnidirectional, which is the main requirement for spectrum sensing antennas in cognitive radio. The presented antenna confirms to its wideband performance having a bandwidth of 60.74%.
本文提出了一种用于认知无线电频谱感知的新型棚屋型宽带分形天线。该天线工作在3.56 ~ 6.67 GHz波段,具有全向辐射方向图。利用飞蛾火焰优化技术(MFO)改善了回波损失。仿真结果验证了该方法在天线设计中的准确性和有效性。该设计的增益、指向性和辐射效率在指定频谱的所有频率上都是合适的。辐射方向图也是全向的,这是认知无线电中对频谱传感天线的主要要求。所设计的天线具有良好的宽带性能,带宽达60.74%。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating Threshold Distance by Using Eigen Values and Analyzing Its Impact on the Performance of WBAN 基于特征值的阈值距离评估及其对无线宽带网络性能的影响分析
Monica Kaushik, Sindhu Hak Gupta, V. Balyan
Energy Efficiency is the prime concern for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). In this paper, a mathematical model for energy consumption per bit has been formulated. The association and dependence of energy on separation distance (d) between transmitting and receiving node, received power, data rate and pathloss has been evaluated. Based on the tradeoff between energy consumption per bit and data rate, a threshold distance (dth) is calculated using eigen values. Further, the performance of proposed WBAN model has been analyzed with respect to threshold distance. Simulation results support the value for threshold distance calculated and reveals that below dth, energy consumption per bit and data rate varies linearly. However, beyond dth data rate and energy consumption per bit exhibits an exponential increase. To signify the role of threshold distance a comparative analysis has been done for energy consumption per bit with different data rates supported by Ultra-Wide Band with respect to distance. It is revealed that beyond threshold distance the WBAN will be energy inefficient.
能源效率是无线体域网络(WBAN)的首要问题。本文建立了单位钻头能耗的数学模型。评估了能量与发射和接收节点之间的分离距离(d)、接收功率、数据速率和路径损耗的关联和依赖关系。基于每比特能耗和数据速率之间的权衡,使用特征值计算阈值距离(dth)。在此基础上,分析了基于阈值距离的WBAN模型的性能。仿真结果支持阈值距离的计算值,并表明在dth以下,每比特能耗和数据速率呈线性变化。然而,超过dth的数据速率和每比特的能耗呈指数级增长。为了表明阈值距离的作用,对超宽带支持的不同数据速率下的每比特能耗与距离进行了比较分析。结果表明,在超过阈值距离时,无线宽带网络会出现能量不足的问题。
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引用次数: 12
Microcontroller Based Digital AC Dimming Techniques for Light Intensity Control 基于单片机的光强控制数字交流调光技术
Akash Kumar, Fajr, T. Khajwal, N. Khera
This paper presents microcontroller based digital alternating current (AC) dimming techniques for controlling the ambient light intensity. In this work, the light intensity control is intelligently implemented by varying the AC voltage using the digitally isolated forward phase controlled gate pulses of bidirectional triode thyristor (TRIAC). The main objective of this work is to digitally control the firing angle delay of gate of TRIAC from both onsite and remote location using different methods that replaces the conventional AC dimmer. The dimming level signal is transmitted to the low cost microcontroller board from the capacitive touch sensor at the onsite location. At the remote location, dimming is performed using either the Bluetooth communication interface or web based dimming from the client computer to microcontroller board using NI (National Instruments) LabVIEW software. In order to perform onsite dimming, AC input voltage supplied to light source is varied in proportional to the time period elapsed during which the finger is placed over the capacitive touch sensor. To facilitate remote dimming, the dimming level signal is supplied from Android based smart phone having the application software for paring connection and data communication with Bluetooth transceiver interfaced with microcontroller and also the dimming signals are supplied from the client computer to microcontroller board using web publishing tool of LabVIEW.
本文提出了一种基于单片机的数字交流调光技术来控制环境光强。在这项工作中,光强控制是通过使用双向三极管(TRIAC)的数字隔离正向相控门脉冲来改变交流电压来智能实现的。本工作的主要目的是利用不同的方法取代传统的交流调光器,从现场和远程位置对可控硅栅极的发射角延迟进行数字控制。调光电平信号从现场电容式触摸传感器传输到低成本微控制器板。在远程位置,使用蓝牙通信接口或基于web的调光从客户端计算机到使用NI (National Instruments) LabVIEW软件的微控制器板进行调光。为了进行现场调光,提供给光源的交流输入电压与手指放置在电容式触摸传感器上的时间成正比。为了便于远程调光,调光电平信号由基于Android的智能手机通过与单片机接口的蓝牙收发器的调光连接和数据通信应用软件提供,调光信号由客户端计算机通过LabVIEW的web发布工具提供给单片机板。
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引用次数: 3
A Novel Realization of Current-Mode First Order Universal Filter 电流模一阶通用滤波器的一种新实现
B. Chaturvedi, J. Mohan, Jitender, Atul Kumar
A novel first order current mode universal filter (FOCMUF) structure is introduced. The circuit employs a differential difference dual-X second generation current conveyor (DD-DXCCII) which is a versatile member of current conveyor family. Simultaneous multiple filter functions i.e. high pass (HP), low pass (LP) and all pass (AP) are readily available at the high impedance terminals which make the proposed topology well suited for cascading applications. Use of only one active block, grounded capacitor only, high operating frequency and low sensitivity figures are the key highlights of the presented configuration. Moreover, non-ideal analysis and parasitic study are also presented. PSPICE simulation results verify the correctness and validity of the obtained responses.
介绍了一种新型一阶电流模通用滤波器(FOCMUF)结构。该电路采用差分双x第二代电流输送机(dd - dxcii),是电流输送机家族的多功能成员。同时多滤波器功能,即高通(HP),低通(LP)和全通(AP)在高阻抗终端上很容易获得,这使得所提出的拓扑非常适合级联应用。仅使用一个有源块,仅接地电容器,高工作频率和低灵敏度数字是所提出的配置的关键亮点。此外,还进行了非理想分析和寄生研究。PSPICE仿真结果验证了所得响应的正确性和有效性。
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引用次数: 7
Polarization Independent Ultrathin Dual-Band Metamaterial Absorber for X-Band Applications 用于x波段应用的超薄双带超材料吸收器
S. Yadav, M. Sharma, M. Abegaonkar, Shweta Garg
This paper, an ultrathin dual-band Metamaterial absorber have been proposed for X-band applications. The unit cell of proposed absorber composed of two cross ellipses surrounded by U-shaped element imprinted on grounded FR4 dielectric substrate. The designed absorber has thickness $boldsymbol{lambda}/53, boldsymbol{lambda}$ corresponds to wavelength of lowest resonant frequency. The designed structure is polarization ineffective due to symmetrical design of unit cell. The presented absorber is compact in size, very low thickness and seems to be potentially instructive for dual-band applications. The oblique incidence for both TM and TE mode response is also steady.
本文提出了一种超薄双频超材料吸收体,用于x波段。所提出的吸收器的单元电池由两个交叉椭圆组成,周围是压印在接地的FR4介电衬底上的u形元件。所设计的吸波器厚度$boldsymbol{lambda}/53, boldsymbol{lambda}$对应于谐振频率最低的波长。由于单晶胞的对称设计,所设计的结构是极化无效的。所提出的吸收体是紧凑的尺寸,非常低的厚度,似乎是潜在的指导双波段应用。TM和TE模式响应的斜入射也是稳定的。
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引用次数: 2
Analysing the Effect of Scintillation on Free Space Optics Using Different Scintillation Models 利用不同闪烁模型分析闪烁对自由空间光学的影响
Ashad Ahmed, Soni Gupta, Yatin Luthra, Konark Gupta, Sanmukh Kaur
Free space optics has gained a lot of popularity within a few spans of years. Although the concept of communication using modulated optical signals is not new, it did not come in existence practically due to the popular traditional wireless RF communication technology. Free space optics has the capability to provide greater bandwidth and higher data rates. Apart from the advantages of free space optics communication technology, it faces several serious complications majorly arising from the geographical location where it is installed, weather and also on the physical properties of atmosphere like index of refraction. Scintillation, also known as atmospheric scintillation is a problem that occurs due to the turbulence in atmosphere which causes hindrance for the propagating optical signal. Study of scintillation models could be used as an effective tool to reduce its effect on the free space communication. In this paper we present an analytical study on a terrestrial FSO model over Gamma-Gamma and Log-Normal channel model. The study includes analysis of effects of coding techniques mainly RZ/NRZ and index of refraction structure on the performance of the FSO link considered which suffers from atmospheric scintillation.
自由空间光学在短短几年内获得了广泛的应用。虽然利用调制光信号通信的概念并不新鲜,但由于传统的无线射频通信技术的流行,它并没有实际存在。自由空间光学有能力提供更大的带宽和更高的数据速率。除了自由空间光通信技术的优势外,它还面临着几个严重的问题,主要是由于安装的地理位置、天气以及大气的物理性质,如折射率。闪烁,又称大气闪烁,是由于大气中的湍流对光信号的传播造成阻碍而产生的问题。对闪烁模型的研究可以作为降低闪烁对自由空间通信影响的有效手段。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于γ - γ和对数正态信道模型的地面FSO模型的分析研究。分析了以RZ/NRZ为主的编码技术和折射率结构对受大气闪烁影响的自由通信链路性能的影响。
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引用次数: 10
Analysis of Terrestrial FSO Link Performance Considering Different Fog Conditions and Internal Parameters of the System 考虑不同雾条件和系统内部参数的地面FSO链路性能分析
Anuranjana, Sanmukh Kaur, R. Goyal
Free space optical communication being one of the effective technologies has higher signal bandwidth and less power for transmission. Atmosphere is used as a communication channel; due to which atmospheric turbulence occurs leading to degradation in the performance of the communication system. The atmospheric turbulence analysed here is the effect of fog attenuation on performance of FSO link. Data for two months i.e January and November for Delhi region have been analysed and simulated using Kim's model. Q-factor has been analyzed by varying the transmission power and range of the FSO system. The simulation results show that for error free transmission of data during the fog months, the transmitting power between 25–35 dBm is recommended to be used for the optimal transmission range from 6–8 Km. Internal parameters on which the performance of the FSO communication depends are divergence angle, wavelength, transmission bandwidth etc. The purpose is to optimize these factors to achieve the maximum output and throughput. In this paper FSO model has been designed using PIN and APD photodiode at receiver's side. Using the model, Q-Factor has been estimated for different beam divergences and wavelengths at varying bit rates. The results have been compared and analyzed for the two types of photodiodes.
自由空间光通信具有较高的信号带宽和较低的传输功率,是一种有效的通信技术。大气被用作通信信道;由于大气湍流的发生,导致通信系统的性能下降。本文分析的大气湍流是雾衰减对FSO链路性能的影响。德里地区1月和11月两个月的数据已经用Kim的模型进行了分析和模拟。通过改变FSO系统的发射功率和发射距离,分析了q因子。仿真结果表明,对于雾月数据的无误差传输,建议使用25 ~ 35 dBm的发射功率,最佳传输距离为6 ~ 8 Km。影响FSO通信性能的内部参数有发散角、波长、传输带宽等。目的是优化这些因素,以达到最大的产量和吞吐量。本文在接收机侧采用PIN和APD光电二极管设计了FSO模型。利用该模型,估计了不同光束发散度和波长在不同比特率下的q因子。对两种类型的光电二极管的结果进行了比较和分析。
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引用次数: 12
Investigation of Noise Transfer Characteristics of Phase-Locked Loop Using Sallen Key Low Pass Filter 锁相环噪声传递特性研究
S. K. Gupta, J. Handique, Ram Kishore Roy, T. Bezboruah
To improve the performance and to reduce the errors caused by limited bandwidth in Phase locked loop, we proposed a method for modeling and simulation by usingSallen-key low pass filter with compensation methodology. The noise transfer functionis estimated, and simulation is performed for two different filter sections as a loop filter in the phase locked loop, namely: (i) idealSallen-key low pass filter, and (ii) compensated Sallen-key low pass filter. The complete simulation program for the proposed model is implemented in MATLABfor analysis. The characteristics of the system namely: (a) phase margin, (b) damping factor, (c) delay margin, and (d) stability, are studied with the help of Bode and Root locus plots. The propose model is found to be stable. The damping factor, phase margin and delay margin of the model is found to be 1, 86° and $0.524boldsymbol{mu}mathbf{s}$ respectively.
为了提高锁相环的性能,减少锁相环中带宽有限所带来的误差,提出了一种采用带补偿方法的萨伦键低通滤波器进行建模和仿真的方法。估计了噪声传递函数,并对锁相环中作为环路滤波器的两种不同滤波器段进行了仿真,即:(i)理想萨伦键低通滤波器和(ii)补偿萨伦键低通滤波器。在matlab中对所提出的模型进行了完整的仿真程序,并进行了分析。利用波德轨迹图和根轨迹图研究了系统的特性(a)相位裕度、(b)阻尼系数、(c)延迟裕度和(d)稳定性。结果表明,该模型是稳定的。模型的阻尼系数、相位裕度和延迟裕度分别为1、86°和$0.524boldsymbol{mu}mathbf{s}$。
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引用次数: 0
Fuzzy Interface Automatic Brassica Horticulture Hoop House 模糊界面自动芸苔园艺环房
Prakriti Aggarwal, Anita Thakur
Water has the requisite attribute that decides its use as an asset by agribusiness. Crop production is highly dependent on the horticultural utilization of water for irrigation system. Automatic sprinkler system presents the potential to resolve the conundrum of inefficient water utilization with regulation of environmental factors at optimum level. It controls the stream of water and accordingly empowers the cultivator to gain upgraded results for crops. The proposed work presents a novel and proficient sprinkler framework based on fuzzy inference technique. The objective of this novel system is to actualize a controlled sprinkler scheduler as per the optimal environmental conditions of the Brassica crops. The design of automatic sprinkler system has been presented with MATLAB based fuzzy tool for simulation and analysis. The outcomes show that the fuzzy model is an efficient method for computing fluctuating ecological parameters and additionally the required net water system. Moreover, the proposed work presents a framework to ascertain the flow of sprinkler system, which well suits both small scale water system techniques: sprinkler and drip water system.
水具有决定其作为农业综合企业资产使用的必要属性。作物生产高度依赖灌溉系统用水的园艺利用。自动喷水灭火系统通过将环境因素调节到最佳水平,为解决用水效率低下的难题提供了潜力。它控制水流,从而使耕种者能够获得农作物的升级成果。本文提出了一种基于模糊推理技术的新型高效洒水系统框架。这个新系统的目标是实现一个受控的喷灌调度器,根据芸苔作物的最佳环境条件。采用基于MATLAB的模糊仿真工具对自动喷水灭火系统进行了仿真和分析。结果表明,模糊模型是一种计算波动生态参数和所需净水量的有效方法。此外,本文提出了一个确定喷水灭火系统流量的框架,该框架适用于小型水系统技术:喷水灭火系统和滴灌系统。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2019 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN)
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