Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100313
Konstantin Hofmann , Claire Decrinis , Norman Bitterlich , Annette Bachmann , Petra Stute
Introduction
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age on a global scale. The severity of symptoms and individual distress can vary greatly and may also depend on the respective ethnic and cultural background. This study aimed to investigate potential variations in health-related quality of life (HRQOL), depression, and anxiety between PCOS patients with a migration (MB) or minority background (Min) and those without (Non-MB/Non-Min).
Methods
An online questionnaire was anonymously distributed to gynecologists, hospitals, and women's clinics in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, along with social media channels to reach women with PCOS. The survey was conducted between November 14th, 2023, and February 5th, 2024. Various aspects including HRQOL, levels of anxiety/depression and self-esteem were evaluated using the Modified-PCOS-Questionnaire (MPCOSQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) respectively. The participants were screened for migration background and self-identification with a socially relevant minority. The selection of potential confounding variables was based on their plausibility and estimated impact. Adjusted odds ratios and their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals were calculated using regression analysis.
Results
The study involved 587 participants with PCOS. MB and Min exhibited significantly poorer HRQOL, and greater symptoms of depression compared to PCOS patients in the two control groups. (MPCOSQ-Total: MB/Non-MB p = 0.02; Min/Non-Min p < 0.001; HADS-Depression: MB/Non-MB p = 0.03; Min/Non-Min p = 0.01) Additionally, MB and Min had significantly lower self-esteem according to the RSE (RSE: MB/Non-MB p = 0.04; Min/Non-Min p = 0.049). In the univariate analysis, Non-MB and Non-Min were associated with partially better HRQOL and lower depression (or respectively poorer HRQOL and depression for MB and Min). However, in the multivariate analysis only Non-Min showed a statistically significant association with higher HRQOL (B: 0.34; CI: 0.04; 0.63; p = 0.03) and only Non-MB was associated with lower depression (B:1.28; CI:2.31; -0.24; p = 0.02).
Conclusion
This study highlights the association between MB or Min and poorer HRQOL, higher depression rates, and lower self-esteem among PCOS patients. While genetic and epigenetic factors may contribute, socioeconomic and sociocultural influences likely play significant roles. Healthcare professionals should remain attuned to the diverse needs of women with PCOS, especially those from migration or minority backgrounds, to ensure equitable access to care.
{"title":"Health-related quality of life and mental state in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and migration or minority background – A cross-sectional study","authors":"Konstantin Hofmann , Claire Decrinis , Norman Bitterlich , Annette Bachmann , Petra Stute","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age on a global scale. The severity of symptoms and individual distress can vary greatly and may also depend on the respective ethnic and cultural background. This study aimed to investigate potential variations in health-related quality of life (HRQOL), depression, and anxiety between PCOS patients with a migration (MB) or minority background (Min) and those without (Non-MB/Non-Min).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online questionnaire was anonymously distributed to gynecologists, hospitals, and women's clinics in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, along with social media channels to reach women with PCOS. The survey was conducted between November 14th, 2023, and February 5th, 2024. Various aspects including HRQOL, levels of anxiety/depression and self-esteem were evaluated using the Modified-PCOS-Questionnaire (MPCOSQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) respectively. The participants were screened for migration background and self-identification with a socially relevant minority. The selection of potential confounding variables was based on their plausibility and estimated impact. Adjusted odds ratios and their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals were calculated using regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study involved 587 participants with PCOS. MB and Min exhibited significantly poorer HRQOL, and greater symptoms of depression compared to PCOS patients in the two control groups. (MPCOSQ-Total: MB/Non-MB <em>p</em> = 0.02; Min/Non-Min <em>p</em> < 0.001; HADS-Depression: MB/Non-MB <em>p</em> = 0.03; Min/Non-Min <em>p</em> = 0.01) Additionally, MB and Min had significantly lower self-esteem according to the RSE (RSE: MB/Non-MB <em>p</em> = 0.04; Min/Non-Min <em>p</em> = 0.049). In the univariate analysis, Non-MB and Non-Min were associated with partially better HRQOL and lower depression (or respectively poorer HRQOL and depression for MB and Min). However, in the multivariate analysis only Non-Min showed a statistically significant association with higher HRQOL (B: 0.34; CI: 0.04; 0.63; <em>p</em> = 0.03) and only Non-MB was associated with lower depression (B:1.28; CI:2.31; -0.24; <em>p</em> = 0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the association between MB or Min and poorer HRQOL, higher depression rates, and lower self-esteem among PCOS patients. While genetic and epigenetic factors may contribute, socioeconomic and sociocultural influences likely play significant roles. Healthcare professionals should remain attuned to the diverse needs of women with PCOS, especially those from migration or minority backgrounds, to ensure equitable access to care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100280
Joan Costa-Font , Azusa Sato , Belen Saenz-de-Miera
Objectives
We measure the cultural persistence of health assessments; namely the association between first (and second) generation migrants' health assessments and those of their home country (and that of their parents).
Measure
We use individual data records from over thirty host European countries and over ninety sending countries, as well as controls for migration timing and legal citizenship status. Furthermore, we leverage a wide range of sample countries to attenuate the presence of selection bias.
Results
Our estimates document evidence of cultural persistence of health self-assessments in a wide array of different specifications which vary with age. We estimate that a one standard deviation change in self-reported health in the sendning country is associated with an increase in migrants’ self-reported health of about 0.17 standard deviations. The effect size is sensitive to the inclusion of country of residence fixed effects as well as the presence of selection on observables and other robustness checks.
Conclusion
Cross-country comparisons of self-reported health should consider cultural reference points individuals use in assessing their health.
{"title":"Cultural persistence of self-assessed health: A study of first- and second-generation migrants","authors":"Joan Costa-Font , Azusa Sato , Belen Saenz-de-Miera","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We measure the cultural persistence of health assessments; namely the association between first (and second) generation migrants' health assessments and those of their home country (and that of their parents).</div></div><div><h3>Measure</h3><div>We use individual data records from over thirty host European countries and over ninety sending countries, as well as controls for migration timing and legal citizenship status. Furthermore, we leverage a wide range of sample countries to attenuate the presence of selection bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our estimates document evidence of cultural persistence of health self-assessments in a wide array of different specifications which vary with age. We estimate that a one standard deviation change in self-reported health in the sendning country is associated with an increase in migrants’ self-reported health of about 0.17 standard deviations. The effect size is sensitive to the inclusion of country of residence fixed effects as well as the presence of selection on observables and other robustness checks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cross-country comparisons of self-reported health should consider cultural reference points individuals use in assessing their health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100302
Caitlin Patler , Altaf Saadi , Paola Langer
Background
Incarcerated individuals with mental illness face unique health challenges, yet we know little about individuals with mental illness who are detained by US immigration authorities. We aimed to describe the health-related experiences of detained immigrants with and without mental illness.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey in 2021 with a sample of recently detained immigrants who were detained by Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and released in the United States in 2020–2021 (n = 203). We used multivariable regression to assess the association between mental illness and the incidence of five outcomes while in immigration detention: 1) poor general health, 2) difficulty accessing medical services, 3) difficulty accessing mental health services, 4) interruptions to care, 5) and exposure to solitary confinement.
Results
115/203 participants (56.7 %) had diagnosed mental illness, most commonly depression and PTSD. Rates of poor health, difficulty accessing medical and mental health services, interruptions to care, and exposure to solitary confinement during detention were high overall, and significantly higher among individuals with mental illness.
Conclusion
There is pressing need for policy actions and protections to mitigate health harms experienced in immigration detention.
{"title":"The health-related experiences of detained immigrants with and without mental illness","authors":"Caitlin Patler , Altaf Saadi , Paola Langer","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Incarcerated individuals with mental illness face unique health challenges, yet we know little about individuals with mental illness who are detained by US immigration authorities. We aimed to describe the health-related experiences of detained immigrants with and without mental illness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey in 2021 with a sample of recently detained immigrants who were detained by Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and released in the United States in 2020–2021 (<em>n</em> = 203). We used multivariable regression to assess the association between mental illness and the incidence of five outcomes while in immigration detention: 1) poor general health, 2) difficulty accessing medical services, 3) difficulty accessing mental health services, 4) interruptions to care, 5) and exposure to solitary confinement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>115/203 participants (56.7 %) had diagnosed mental illness, most commonly depression and PTSD. Rates of poor health, difficulty accessing medical and mental health services, interruptions to care, and exposure to solitary confinement during detention were high overall, and significantly higher among individuals with mental illness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There is pressing need for policy actions and protections to mitigate health harms experienced in immigration detention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Education is a recognised social determinant of health and interacts with other determinants including employment and income. International migration may disrupt these interactions. Education in Chile reflects wider socioeconomic inequalities and in the last decade, it has welcomed an increasing number of migrants.
Objective
To analyse education as a social determinant of health among international migrants and locals between 2013 and 2022.
Methods
Observational cross-sectional study based on five versions of the CASEN survey. Education, employment, and income were analysed in relation to healthcare needs for both populations and logistic regression models were estimated for each year. For 2022, the interactions between education and employment were explored in relation to healthcare needs.
Results
International migrants showed a higher education level and employment rate than Chileans, and a smaller proportion reported healthcare needs. After adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors, locals aged 19–25 and 26–59 were more likely to report healthcare needs compared to international migrants across multiple years. The effects of education, employment, and income on healthcare needs among locals and international migrants showed fluctuating ORs without marked trends. In 2022, significant differences in healthcare needs were observed among migrants and locals based on interactions between education and employment, with non-overlapping confidence intervals particularly among unemployed, less-educated youth, middle-aged migrants with incomplete basic education, and older individuals.
Conclusions
This study provides an overview of education as a social determinant of health among international migrants and locals for the last decade and call for targeted in-depth analyses on the topic.
{"title":"Education as a social determinant of the health of international migrants and locals in Chile between 2013 and 2022","authors":"Alice Blukacz , Marcela Oyarte , Báltica Cabieses , Janepsy Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Education is a recognised social determinant of health and interacts with other determinants including employment and income. International migration may disrupt these interactions. Education in Chile reflects wider socioeconomic inequalities and in the last decade, it has welcomed an increasing number of migrants.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyse education as a social determinant of health among international migrants and locals between 2013 and 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Observational cross-sectional study based on five versions of the CASEN survey. Education, employment, and income were analysed in relation to healthcare needs for both populations and logistic regression models were estimated for each year. For 2022, the interactions between education and employment were explored in relation to healthcare needs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>International migrants showed a higher education level and employment rate than Chileans, and a smaller proportion reported healthcare needs. After adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors, locals aged 19–25 and 26–59 were more likely to report healthcare needs compared to international migrants across multiple years. The effects of education, employment, and income on healthcare needs among locals and international migrants showed fluctuating ORs without marked trends. In 2022, significant differences in healthcare needs were observed among migrants and locals based on interactions between education and employment, with non-overlapping confidence intervals particularly among unemployed, less-educated youth, middle-aged migrants with incomplete basic education, and older individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides an overview of education as a social determinant of health among international migrants and locals for the last decade and call for targeted in-depth analyses on the topic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The social connections surrounding children and adolescents support them in facing challenges and seeking help, ultimately acting as a protective factor in their mental, physical, and behavioral health outcomes across the life course. In complex contexts of political instability and dislocation, these social resources are often fractured, strained, or altogether unavailable, which restricts access to essential services and affects outcomes for these populations. This study aims to identify, characterize, and visually depict social connections related to the health and well-being needs of children and adolescents affected by displacement in Lebanon, by pilot testing the Participatory Assessment Tool for Mapping Social Connections (PATMSC). We hypothesize that this unique methodology will identify and describe different social connections by group quickly and efficiently.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An initial scoping review of scientific and grey literature followed by stakeholder interviews identified nutrition, mental health, and abuse scenarios that guided the PATMSC (a mixed- method data collection tool that identifies and visualizes types and qualities of social connections) topics. The PATMSC was piloted among children, caregivers, and providers affected by displacement in Lebanon.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were seven groups (Syrian children, Syrian adolescents, Syrian caregivers, Lebanese/Palestinian children, Lebanese/Palestinian adolescents, Lebanese/Palestinian caregivers, and providers) with a total of 42 participants across the PATMSC workshops. Syrian children identified the most connections across all scenarios (66 nodes) and Lebanese/Palestinian adolescents identified the fewest connections across all scenarios (26 nodes). Family and community nodes were highly connected across all scenarios. 56% of participants asked their family connections for help. Family connections were the most used by children (71%) and provider (33%) subgroups. Participants were asked for help by family connections the most (59%). Within subgroups, children (84%), Lebanese/Palestinian participants (73%), providers (50%), and caregivers (36%) were also asked for help by family connections the most.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The study highlights that children, adolescents, and their caregivers in displaced settings in Lebanon have varied social connections when exploring resources related to key areas of concern. Overall, there is an importance placed on the role of family members in their social networks. However, the social connections and resources available differ depending on the circumstances, as evidenced by the variation in connections named across the three scenarios. Understanding the components of social networks, what drives them, and how they differ by sector, is essential in planning and maintaining programs and policies that meet evolving needs in resource-constrained settin
{"title":"Social connections related to health and well-being needs identified by children and adolescents affected by displacement in Lebanon: a participatory research study","authors":"Tanvi Jain , Lynsey Cooper , Nicole Khauli , Kathleen Pike , Brigitte Khoury , Sabrina Hermosilla","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The social connections surrounding children and adolescents support them in facing challenges and seeking help, ultimately acting as a protective factor in their mental, physical, and behavioral health outcomes across the life course. In complex contexts of political instability and dislocation, these social resources are often fractured, strained, or altogether unavailable, which restricts access to essential services and affects outcomes for these populations. This study aims to identify, characterize, and visually depict social connections related to the health and well-being needs of children and adolescents affected by displacement in Lebanon, by pilot testing the Participatory Assessment Tool for Mapping Social Connections (PATMSC). We hypothesize that this unique methodology will identify and describe different social connections by group quickly and efficiently.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An initial scoping review of scientific and grey literature followed by stakeholder interviews identified nutrition, mental health, and abuse scenarios that guided the PATMSC (a mixed- method data collection tool that identifies and visualizes types and qualities of social connections) topics. The PATMSC was piloted among children, caregivers, and providers affected by displacement in Lebanon.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were seven groups (Syrian children, Syrian adolescents, Syrian caregivers, Lebanese/Palestinian children, Lebanese/Palestinian adolescents, Lebanese/Palestinian caregivers, and providers) with a total of 42 participants across the PATMSC workshops. Syrian children identified the most connections across all scenarios (66 nodes) and Lebanese/Palestinian adolescents identified the fewest connections across all scenarios (26 nodes). Family and community nodes were highly connected across all scenarios. 56% of participants asked their family connections for help. Family connections were the most used by children (71%) and provider (33%) subgroups. Participants were asked for help by family connections the most (59%). Within subgroups, children (84%), Lebanese/Palestinian participants (73%), providers (50%), and caregivers (36%) were also asked for help by family connections the most.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The study highlights that children, adolescents, and their caregivers in displaced settings in Lebanon have varied social connections when exploring resources related to key areas of concern. Overall, there is an importance placed on the role of family members in their social networks. However, the social connections and resources available differ depending on the circumstances, as evidenced by the variation in connections named across the three scenarios. Understanding the components of social networks, what drives them, and how they differ by sector, is essential in planning and maintaining programs and policies that meet evolving needs in resource-constrained settin","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Women migrant workers are vulnerable to violence. Violence against women is a pervasive public health problem, violates women's rights, and may adversely affect women's quality of life (QoL) and mental health. However, few studies have focused on this problem among migrant women workers from Myanmar.
Objective
This study aimed to use structural equation modeling to investigate the effect of violence against migrant women workers from Myanmar on their QoL and mental health.
Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study of 378 migrant women workers from Myanmar in Central Thailand, conducted by multistage sampling. The authors collected the data through a face-to-face structured interview using standard questionnaires and then investigated the effects of violence on QoL and mental health mediated by social support while considering the effects of socioeconomic status on violence.
Results
More than half the women had experienced violence within 12 months (58.7%). Violence had a direct negative impact on their QoL and a direct positive association with mental health problems. Social support did not mediate these effects but did have a direct positive impact on QoL and a direct negative association with mental health problems. Socioeconomic status was directly affected by violence and had an indirect impact on QoL and mental health mediated by violence.
Conclusion
The study raises awareness about violence's impact on the QoL and mental health of migrant women workers from Myanmar in Thailand. We highlight the urgent need for comprehensive initiatives to provide social support mechanisms and promote socioeconomic empowerment. Collaborative efforts among government, nongovernment organizations, and communities are crucial for ensuring legal protections and safe working conditions, with regular monitoring and evaluation to gauge effectiveness in preventing violence and promoting these women's QoL and mental health.
背景移民女工很容易受到暴力侵害。针对妇女的暴力是一个普遍存在的公共卫生问题，它侵犯了妇女的权利，并可能对妇女的生活质量（QoL）和心理健康产生不利影响。本研究旨在使用结构方程模型来调查针对缅甸移民女工的暴力行为对其生活质量和心理健康的影响。研究方法：本研究是一项横断面研究，通过多阶段抽样调查了泰国中部地区的 378 名缅甸移民女工。作者使用标准问卷通过面对面的结构化访谈收集数据，然后在考虑社会经济地位对暴力的影响的同时，研究了社会支持对暴力对其 QoL 和心理健康的影响。暴力对她们的生活质量有直接的负面影响，与心理健康问题有直接的正相关。社会支持对这些影响没有起到中介作用，但对质量生活有直接的积极影响，与心理健康问题有直接的消极关联。社会经济地位受到暴力的直接影响，并通过暴力对 QoL 和心理健康产生间接影响。我们强调迫切需要采取综合措施来提供社会支持机制和促进社会经济赋权。政府、非政府组织和社区之间的合作对于确保法律保护和安全的工作条件至关重要，同时还需要定期监测和评估，以衡量在预防暴力和促进这些妇女的生活质量和心理健康方面的有效性。
{"title":"Violence Against Women and its Effects on Mental Health and Quality of Life: A Study of Myanmar Migrant Workers in Central Thailand","authors":"Nyan Linn , Montakarn Chuemchit , Aye Sandar Mon , Chaweewon Boonshuyar","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Women migrant workers are vulnerable to violence. Violence against women is a pervasive public health problem, violates women's rights, and may adversely affect women's quality of life (QoL) and mental health. However, few studies have focused on this problem among migrant women workers from Myanmar.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to use structural equation modeling to investigate the effect of violence against migrant women workers from Myanmar on their QoL and mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was a cross-sectional study of 378 migrant women workers from Myanmar in Central Thailand, conducted by multistage sampling. The authors collected the data through a face-to-face structured interview using standard questionnaires and then investigated the effects of violence on QoL and mental health mediated by social support while considering the effects of socioeconomic status on violence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More than half the women had experienced violence within 12 months (58.7%). Violence had a direct negative impact on their QoL and a direct positive association with mental health problems. Social support did not mediate these effects but did have a direct positive impact on QoL and a direct negative association with mental health problems. Socioeconomic status was directly affected by violence and had an indirect impact on QoL and mental health mediated by violence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study raises awareness about violence's impact on the QoL and mental health of migrant women workers from Myanmar in Thailand. We highlight the urgent need for comprehensive initiatives to provide social support mechanisms and promote socioeconomic empowerment. Collaborative efforts among government, nongovernment organizations, and communities are crucial for ensuring legal protections and safe working conditions, with regular monitoring and evaluation to gauge effectiveness in preventing violence and promoting these women's QoL and mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100212
Heike Krüger
Objective
In the context of international migration flows, Germany is the second largest receiving country of migrants in the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the momentary mood effects of discrimination experiences for young adult immigrants and which social resources can buffer negative effects. A distinction is made between the importance of inter and intra-ethnic interaction partners in processing stressors.
Method
Using an ecological momentary assessment design, first-generation migrants in Germany who had recently migrated from Poland, Turkey or Syria were interviewed three times a day over seven days in June 2021 (N individuals = 976; N observations = 11,470). The timing of the short surveys was chosen at random using a signal contingent sampling method. Participants reported their momentary mood and instances of discrimination, along with information on social support perception and interaction partners during the preceding hour in the context of their everyday lives. Hybrid mixed-effects regression models were estimated and the research questions were tested with three-way interactions.
Results
The results indicate that perceived social support only moderately buffers the negative effect of everyday discrimination experiences on mood. A positive main effect on mood is observed for situational variations in perceived social support as well as for support from interaction partners.
Conclusion
The findings illustrate that being embedded in supportive relationships is important in everyday life, regardless of the occurrence of stressors. Furthermore, the study suggests that the level of perceived support is more important for first-generation migrants than the ethnic origin of the support provider.
{"title":"Everyday discrimination, co-ethnic social support and mood changes in young adult immigrants in Germany–Evidence from an ecological momentary assessment study","authors":"Heike Krüger","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In the context of international migration flows, Germany is the second largest receiving country of migrants in the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the momentary mood effects of discrimination experiences for young adult immigrants and which social resources can buffer negative effects. A distinction is made between the importance of inter and intra-ethnic interaction partners in processing stressors.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Using an ecological momentary assessment design, first-generation migrants in Germany who had recently migrated from Poland, Turkey or Syria were interviewed three times a day over seven days in June 2021 (N individuals = 976; N observations = 11,470). The timing of the short surveys was chosen at random using a signal contingent sampling method. Participants reported their momentary mood and instances of discrimination, along with information on social support perception and interaction partners during the preceding hour in the context of their everyday lives. Hybrid mixed-effects regression models were estimated and the research questions were tested with three-way interactions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicate that perceived social support only moderately buffers the negative effect of everyday discrimination experiences on mood. A positive main effect on mood is observed for situational variations in perceived social support as well as for support from interaction partners.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings illustrate that being embedded in supportive relationships is important in everyday life, regardless of the occurrence of stressors. Furthermore, the study suggests that the level of perceived support is more important for first-generation migrants than the ethnic origin of the support provider.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666623524000023/pdfft?md5=e4d33945615ef054a4016cc371da7d48&pid=1-s2.0-S2666623524000023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100273
Justin Unternaher , José Rafael Guillén , Jennifer Ortíz , Megan Stevenson , Miguel Ángel Barriga Talero , Kathleen R. Page , Jhon Jairo López , Jhon Fredy Ramírez Correa , Ricardo Luque Núñez , Julián A. Fernandez-Niño , Paul B. Spiegel , Elana Liebow-Feeser , Andrea L. Wirtz
Between 2015 and 2023, 7.3 million Venezuelans have been displaced globally. We aimed to assess uptake of and factors associated with prenatal care among Venezuelan refugees and migrants in Colombia. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey of 6,221 urban-residing adult Venezuelans who were displaced to Colombia between 2015 and 2022. Analyses were restricted to 917 women aged 18–49 years who reported at least one pregnancy and delivered in Colombia; of these, 564 (61.5%) women completed ≥4 prenatal care visits in their most recent pregnancy. We used general linear models with negative binomial regression to identify associations and estimate the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPrR) of variables associated with completing ≥4 prenatal care visits during last complete pregnancy (WHO's pre-2016 recommendations). Having an irregular migration status was independently associated with a 12% lower likelihood (aPrR:0.88, 95%CI:0.78–0.99; p = 0.028) of completing ≥4 prenatal care visits compared to women with a regular status. Participants who reported an experience of denial of prenatal care at some point while Colombia (n = 135; 15.2%) were 42.8% less likely (aPrR:0.57, 95%CI:0.45–0.73; p < 0.001) to complete ≥4 prenatal care visits than those with no reported denial of care. Urban area of residence was also independently associated with prenatal care, while there was no evidence of association with educational attainment, literacy levels, or year of migration. Prenatal care attendance is suboptimal among Venezuelan refugees and migrants, particularly those with an irregular migration status, despite that prenatal care became officially available in 2018 to all Venezuelans in Colombia regardless of migration status. Reducing barriers to prenatal care by ensuring Venezuelan refugees and migrants are aware of available care, are supported in navigating the health system, and by preventing discrimination and stigma in the health facility are critical to ensuring the health and wellbeing of displaced people, their children, and the surrounding community.
{"title":"Factors associated with attendance to and completion of prenatal care visits in Colombia among urban-residing Venezuelan refugee and migrant women","authors":"Justin Unternaher , José Rafael Guillén , Jennifer Ortíz , Megan Stevenson , Miguel Ángel Barriga Talero , Kathleen R. Page , Jhon Jairo López , Jhon Fredy Ramírez Correa , Ricardo Luque Núñez , Julián A. Fernandez-Niño , Paul B. Spiegel , Elana Liebow-Feeser , Andrea L. Wirtz","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Between 2015 and 2023, 7.3 million Venezuelans have been displaced globally. We aimed to assess uptake of and factors associated with prenatal care among Venezuelan refugees and migrants in Colombia. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey of 6,221 urban-residing adult Venezuelans who were displaced to Colombia between 2015 and 2022. Analyses were restricted to 917 women aged 18–49 years who reported at least one pregnancy and delivered in Colombia; of these, 564 (61.5%) women completed ≥4 prenatal care visits in their most recent pregnancy. We used general linear models with negative binomial regression to identify associations and estimate the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPrR) of variables associated with completing ≥4 prenatal care visits during last complete pregnancy (WHO's pre-2016 recommendations). Having an irregular migration status was independently associated with a 12% lower likelihood (aPrR:0.88, 95%CI:0.78–0.99; <em>p</em> = 0.028) of completing ≥4 prenatal care visits compared to women with a regular status. Participants who reported an experience of denial of prenatal care at some point while Colombia (<em>n</em> = 135; 15.2%) were 42.8% less likely (aPrR:0.57, 95%CI:0.45–0.73; <em>p</em> < 0.001) to complete ≥4 prenatal care visits than those with no reported denial of care. Urban area of residence was also independently associated with prenatal care, while there was no evidence of association with educational attainment, literacy levels, or year of migration. Prenatal care attendance is suboptimal among Venezuelan refugees and migrants, particularly those with an irregular migration status, despite that prenatal care became officially available in 2018 to all Venezuelans in Colombia regardless of migration status. Reducing barriers to prenatal care by ensuring Venezuelan refugees and migrants are aware of available care, are supported in navigating the health system, and by preventing discrimination and stigma in the health facility are critical to ensuring the health and wellbeing of displaced people, their children, and the surrounding community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The low utilization of antenatal healthcare services among Rohingya refugee women contributes to high maternal and child mortality rates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of antenatal healthcare services utilization and the impacts of preconception care and pregnancy intention on accessing these services among Rohingya refugee women in Bangladesh.
Methods
We analyzed data from 708 women collected through a multistage cross-sectional survey conducted in April 2023. The outcome variable was the uptake of at least one antenatal healthcare services, while the exposure variables were preconception care uptake and unintended pregnancy. We used a multivariate logistic regression model to determine the effects of preconception care and unintended pregnancy on antenatal care utilization, adjusting for potential covariates.
Results
Approximately 47 % of women reported not accessing any antenatal healthcare services during their most recent pregnancy. Moreover, around 68 % of women did not receive any preconception care, and nearly one-third of pregnancies were unintended at conception. We observed lower likelihoods of antenatal care utilization among women without preconception care or with unintended pregnancy. The negative effects were even more pronounced when women reported no use of preconception care along with experiencing mistimed (aOR, 0.61, 95 % CI: 0.45–0.77) and unwanted (aOR, 0.43, 95 % CI: 0.34–0.52) pregnancy for their most recent pregnancy.
Conclusion
Maternal healthcare service utilization is alarmingly low among Rohingya refugees, with a significant lack of preconception care and a high prevalence of unintended pregnancies. This underscores the critical importance of implementing awareness-building programs to increase uptake of antenatal healthcare services.
{"title":"Exploring the impact of preconception care and unintended pregnancy on access to antenatal healthcare services among Rohingya women: Insights from a cross-sectional survey","authors":"Md Nuruzzaman Khan , Shimlin Jahan Khanam , Md Badsha Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The low utilization of antenatal healthcare services among Rohingya refugee women contributes to high maternal and child mortality rates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of antenatal healthcare services utilization and the impacts of preconception care and pregnancy intention on accessing these services among Rohingya refugee women in Bangladesh.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from 708 women collected through a multistage cross-sectional survey conducted in April 2023. The outcome variable was the uptake of at least one antenatal healthcare services, while the exposure variables were preconception care uptake and unintended pregnancy. We used a multivariate logistic regression model to determine the effects of preconception care and unintended pregnancy on antenatal care utilization, adjusting for potential covariates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Approximately 47 % of women reported not accessing any antenatal healthcare services during their most recent pregnancy. Moreover, around 68 % of women did not receive any preconception care, and nearly one-third of pregnancies were unintended at conception. We observed lower likelihoods of antenatal care utilization among women without preconception care or with unintended pregnancy. The negative effects were even more pronounced when women reported no use of preconception care along with experiencing mistimed (aOR, 0.61, 95 % CI: 0.45–0.77) and unwanted (aOR, 0.43, 95 % CI: 0.34–0.52) pregnancy for their most recent pregnancy.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Maternal healthcare service utilization is alarmingly low among Rohingya refugees, with a significant lack of preconception care and a high prevalence of unintended pregnancies. This underscores the critical importance of implementing awareness-building programs to increase uptake of antenatal healthcare services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666623524000035/pdfft?md5=5909b0e1759dc8e2629f41bcb66f4de9&pid=1-s2.0-S2666623524000035-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139505492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100221
Md Shamsuddoha, Md. Akib Jabed, Md Shahnul Islam, Naznin Sultana, Al Imran, Sheikh Nur Ataya Rabbi, Tanje Un Jenat, Shanjia Shams, Mir Mehoraf Sharif
Women in coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts due to existing gender inequality and socio-cultural norms in Bangladesh. This research aims to explore the vulnerability of women to climate change-induced natural hazards, the challenges they face due to the chain impacts of climate change, and the resulting violation of women's rights. Quantitative and qualitative data were used in this study, where 260 structured questionnaire surveys and 15 Focus Group Discussions were performed at Mongla and Shyamnagar Upazilas in Bagerhat and Satkhira districts, respectively. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software, and qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The results disclose that most respondents in Mongla and Shyamnagar reported an increase in the occurrence rate of climate change-induced natural hazards, with cyclones, salinity, and riverbank erosion being the most devastating in Mongla and cyclones, salinity, and storm surges in Shyamnagar. It affects the lives and livelihoods of people, with women being particularly vulnerable due to limited access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities, and women's rights are violated in these areas. Half of the study area's population has been suffering from infections or inflammation in reproductive organs, especially among fisherwomen. The findings of this study recommend that provisions for alternative livelihoods should be made for women, and all women must be brought under the umbrella of fair social safety net programs.
{"title":"Impacts of climate change-induced natural hazards on women and their human rights implications: A study in the southwest coast of Bangladesh","authors":"Md Shamsuddoha, Md. Akib Jabed, Md Shahnul Islam, Naznin Sultana, Al Imran, Sheikh Nur Ataya Rabbi, Tanje Un Jenat, Shanjia Shams, Mir Mehoraf Sharif","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Women in coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts due to existing gender inequality and socio-cultural norms in Bangladesh. This research aims to explore the vulnerability of women to climate change-induced natural hazards, the challenges they face due to the chain impacts of climate change, and the resulting violation of women's rights. Quantitative and qualitative data were used in this study, where 260 structured questionnaire surveys and 15 Focus Group Discussions were performed at Mongla and Shyamnagar Upazilas in Bagerhat and Satkhira districts, respectively. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software, and qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The results disclose that most respondents in Mongla and Shyamnagar reported an increase in the occurrence rate of climate change-induced natural hazards, with cyclones, salinity, and riverbank erosion being the most devastating in Mongla and cyclones, salinity, and storm surges in Shyamnagar. It affects the lives and livelihoods of people, with women being particularly vulnerable due to limited access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities, and women's rights are violated in these areas. Half of the study area's population has been suffering from infections or inflammation in reproductive organs, especially among fisherwomen. The findings of this study recommend that provisions for alternative livelihoods should be made for women, and all women must be brought under the umbrella of fair social safety net programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666623524000114/pdfft?md5=ebdb2708525229ca2954c59577e01bbe&pid=1-s2.0-S2666623524000114-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140113876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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