Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. The burden of NCDs largely falls on low- and middle- income countries, where the majority of humanitarian crises fall. Already fragile health care systems in acute and protracted crisis settings struggle to meet the increasing needs of people living with NCDs. Cardio-Metabolic Syndrome (CMS), in particular, is of growing concern, with little evidence on effectively managing cardiovascular disease care in emergency settings. A strategy that begins with identifying clear research priorities to inform a collective and integrated CMS care in humanitarian preparedness and response is needed. This study aimed to generate consensus-based research priorities for the humanitarian sector targeting CMS care. This was done by adopting an adapted approach of the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI). Our findings highlight the need to prioritize models of care, including processes and outcomes, for people living with CMS and NCDs in humanitarian settings. They also highlight the importance of adopting integrated, multidisciplinary approaches that address research, interventions, and policies involving local and international stakeholders. Sustainable approaches that facilitate continuity of care and ensure integration within existing health care systems are needed to adequately address the growing global burden of CMS and NCDs. The ranked priority questions from this research priority setting exercise serve as guidance for advocacy and the deployment of funds for future research, interventions, and policies.
{"title":"Research priorities for cardiometabolic syndrome in humanitarian settings: A global consensus-based agenda","authors":"Chaza Akik , Lilian Kiapi , Abla M. Sibai , Stella Njagi , Nancy Zaitouny , Fouad Fouad , Mouna Mayoufi , Mesfin Teklu Tessema","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. The burden of NCDs largely falls on low- and middle- income countries, where the majority of humanitarian crises fall. Already fragile health care systems in acute and protracted crisis settings struggle to meet the increasing needs of people living with NCDs. Cardio-Metabolic Syndrome (CMS), in particular, is of growing concern, with little evidence on effectively managing cardiovascular disease care in emergency settings. A strategy that begins with identifying clear research priorities to inform a collective and integrated CMS care in humanitarian preparedness and response is needed. This study aimed to generate consensus-based research priorities for the humanitarian sector targeting CMS care. This was done by adopting an adapted approach of the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI). Our findings highlight the need to prioritize models of care, including processes and outcomes, for people living with CMS and NCDs in humanitarian settings. They also highlight the importance of adopting integrated, multidisciplinary approaches that address research, interventions, and policies involving local and international stakeholders. Sustainable approaches that facilitate continuity of care and ensure integration within existing health care systems are needed to adequately address the growing global burden of CMS and NCDs. The ranked priority questions from this research priority setting exercise serve as guidance for advocacy and the deployment of funds for future research, interventions, and policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100311
Yaxin LAN , Lei JIN
Background
Rural-urban migration is a significant phenomenon in China, resulting in family separation and the emergence of left-behind populations in rural communities. Previous research suggests that migration can influence health behaviors through various pathways. However, limited empirical studies have examined the effects of migration on the drinking behavior of adults left behind. Moreover, the impact of migration at the household and community levels remains unclear.
Methods
This study analyzes the relationship between migration and drinking behavior in rural China with data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS 1997–2015) (N = 20,264). Multilevel mixed-effects models are employed to test how household and community levels migration status affects rural residents' weekly alcohol intake.
Results
Weekly alcohol intake would increase by 7.51 g (SE = 2.976, p = 0.012) for men and 0.98 g (SE = 0.419, p = 0.019) for women in families whose members have moved out, while the influence of household migration was no longer significant after controlling for community-level effects. One percentage change in community migration rates would increase men's alcohol intake by 0.6319 g (SE = 26.494, p = 0.017) and women's by 0.0823 g (SE = 2.394, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Our study emphasizes the importance of considering migration at different levels of analysis. The findings indicate that out-migration is associated with increased alcohol consumption among left-behind adults in rural China. Intervention policies should also consider the unique neighborhood relations in rural China, potentially leveraging social ties within rural communities to spread health awareness and reduce alcohol consumption.
农村向城市迁移是中国的一个重要现象，它导致了家庭分离和农村社区留守人口的出现。先前的研究表明，移民可以通过各种途径影响健康行为。然而，有限的实证研究调查了移民对留守成年人饮酒行为的影响。此外，移徙对家庭和社区的影响仍不清楚。方法利用中国健康与营养调查（CHNS 1997-2015） （N = 20,264）的数据，分析中国农村人口迁移与饮酒行为的关系。采用多水平混合效应模型检验家庭和社区水平移民身份对农村居民每周酒精摄入量的影响。结果迁出家庭中男性每周酒精摄入量增加7.51 g (SE = 2.976, p = 0.012)，女性每周酒精摄入量增加0.98 g (SE = 0.419, p = 0.019)，在控制了社区水平的影响后，家庭迁出的影响不再显著。社区迁移率每变化一个百分点，男性酒精摄入量将增加0.6319 g (SE = 26.494, p = 0.017)，女性酒精摄入量将增加0.0823 g （SE = 2.394, p = 0.001）。结论我们的研究强调了在不同层次分析中考虑迁移的重要性。研究结果表明，外迁与中国农村留守成年人饮酒增加有关。干预政策还应考虑中国农村独特的邻里关系，潜在地利用农村社区内的社会关系来传播健康意识和减少酒精消费。
{"title":"Emptying villages, overflowing glasses: Out-migration and drinking patterns in Rural China","authors":"Yaxin LAN , Lei JIN","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rural-urban migration is a significant phenomenon in China, resulting in family separation and the emergence of left-behind populations in rural communities. Previous research suggests that migration can influence health behaviors through various pathways. However, limited empirical studies have examined the effects of migration on the drinking behavior of adults left behind. Moreover, the impact of migration at the household and community levels remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzes the relationship between migration and drinking behavior in rural China with data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS 1997–2015) (N = 20,264). Multilevel mixed-effects models are employed to test how household and community levels migration status affects rural residents' weekly alcohol intake.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Weekly alcohol intake would increase by 7.51 g (SE = 2.976, <em>p</em> = 0.012) for men and 0.98 g (SE = 0.419, <em>p</em> = 0.019) for women in families whose members have moved out, while the influence of household migration was no longer significant after controlling for community-level effects. One percentage change in community migration rates would increase men's alcohol intake by 0.6319 g (SE = 26.494, <em>p</em> = 0.017) and women's by 0.0823 g (SE = 2.394, <em>p</em> = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study emphasizes the importance of considering migration at different levels of analysis. The findings indicate that out-migration is associated with increased alcohol consumption among left-behind adults in rural China. Intervention policies should also consider the unique neighborhood relations in rural China, potentially leveraging social ties within rural communities to spread health awareness and reduce alcohol consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100305
Artjoms Ivlevs , Roswitha M. King
High or growing rates of smoking tobacco and high rates of emigration are salient features of many low- and middle-income countries, yet the links between migration and smoking remain underexplored. We study the effects of household member emigration on the likelihood of smoking among those staying behind in the countries of former Yugoslavia. Using instrumental variable analysis, we find that the emigration of household members reduces the likelihood of smoking, especially among women and older respondents. These findings support the ‘social remittances’ hypothesis that migration contributes to the transfer of smoking-related norms from destination to source countries. Migration may thus contribute to socioeconomic development of source countries by reducing one of the world's biggest health epidemics: smoking.
{"title":"Emigration and tobacco smoking among those staying behind","authors":"Artjoms Ivlevs , Roswitha M. King","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High or growing rates of smoking tobacco and high rates of emigration are salient features of many low- and middle-income countries, yet the links between migration and smoking remain underexplored. We study the effects of household member emigration on the likelihood of smoking among those staying behind in the countries of former Yugoslavia. Using instrumental variable analysis, we find that the emigration of household members reduces the likelihood of smoking, especially among women and older respondents. These findings support the ‘social remittances’ hypothesis that migration contributes to the transfer of smoking-related norms from destination to source countries. Migration may thus contribute to socioeconomic development of source countries by reducing one of the world's biggest health epidemics: smoking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100290
Rebecca Lawes, Professor Debbi Marais, Professor Mariza Louw, Ms Beatrice Bennett
Nutrition research concerning migrant populations is abundant, with a surplus of prevalence data related to diverse aspects of malnutrition. However, there is a lack of studies on European country interventions. This gap is more pronounced when examining interventions specific to children. The challenges are clear, but the policy impetus for solving them is not. Examining European interventions on nutrition in refugee and asylum-seeking (RAS) children and families allows for an assessment of the unmet needs in the United Kingdom regarding migration, nutrition, child support, and food security.
This scoping review followed the guidelines in the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, and 20 documents which covered a mixture of policy interventions were eligible. Meaningful comparisons can be made by assessing the interventions made in migrant nutrition from various European countries with varying political approaches to immigration. This creates a fuller picture of the policy landscape for paediatric migrant nutrition, and in due course, policy decisions can be taken.
This scoping review found a lack of diversity in RAS nutrition policies across Europe and a lack of transparency in those in place, likely rooted in the challenging political landscape of increasing RAS populations in Europe. Improving nutrition interventions requires separating food and health from politics. No interventions focusing on the double burden of malnutrition were found. However, policies addressing the double burden in RAS children should be considered as they may be more politically palatable and financially beneficial to implement.
{"title":"Improving nutrition for migrant children in Europe through policy: A scoping review","authors":"Rebecca Lawes, Professor Debbi Marais, Professor Mariza Louw, Ms Beatrice Bennett","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2024.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nutrition research concerning migrant populations is abundant, with a surplus of prevalence data related to diverse aspects of malnutrition. However, there is a lack of studies on European country interventions. This gap is more pronounced when examining interventions specific to children. The challenges are clear, but the policy impetus for solving them is not. Examining European interventions on nutrition in refugee and asylum-seeking (RAS) children and families allows for an assessment of the unmet needs in the United Kingdom regarding migration, nutrition, child support, and food security.</div><div>This scoping review followed the guidelines in the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, and 20 documents which covered a mixture of policy interventions were eligible. Meaningful comparisons can be made by assessing the interventions made in migrant nutrition from various European countries with varying political approaches to immigration. This creates a fuller picture of the policy landscape for paediatric migrant nutrition, and in due course, policy decisions can be taken.</div><div>This scoping review found a lack of diversity in RAS nutrition policies across Europe and a lack of transparency in those in place, likely rooted in the challenging political landscape of increasing RAS populations in Europe. Improving nutrition interventions requires separating food and health from politics. No interventions focusing on the double burden of malnutrition were found. However, policies addressing the double burden in RAS children should be considered as they may be more politically palatable and financially beneficial to implement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100308
Natalia Norori , Lucy Barrass , Maria Theresa Redaniel , Nanette R. Lee , Laura D. Howe , Duleeka Knipe
Background
Previous work has shown that children ‘left-behind’ as a consequence of parental migration experience worse outcomes, although the majority of this evidence focuses on short- rather than long-term effects.
Methods
Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey cohort (n = 1651), we assessed the association of paternal emigration (identified based on evidence of remittances sent back by mother's spouse) during childhood with the mental health and educational attainment at age 18 of Filipino children, adjusted for sex, socioeconomic position and paternal education. We explored whether timing of emigration, and household composition modified associations observed.
Findings
Children who had migrant fathers were found to be 1.24 times more likely to have high educational attainment at age 18 than children who did not have migrant fathers, although the association was imprecise (95 % confidence intervals: 0.83-1.85). We found no statistical evidence of a difference between children who experienced paternal migration compared to those who did not in terms of depressive symptoms or suicidal ideation at age 18. There was evidence that experiencing paternal migration in older childhood (≥10 years) was associated with better mental health. We found evidence that household composition modified associations for depressive symptoms.
Interpretation
This study does not suggest a detrimental long-term impact of paternal emigration on children ‘left-behind, either for educational attainment or mental health. This may reflect beneficial effects of paternal migration and/or pre-existing socioeconomic and health differences amongst families who do and do not experience paternal migration.
{"title":"Assessing the impact of paternal emigration on children ‘left-behind’—A cohort analysis","authors":"Natalia Norori , Lucy Barrass , Maria Theresa Redaniel , Nanette R. Lee , Laura D. Howe , Duleeka Knipe","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous work has shown that children ‘left-behind’ as a consequence of parental migration experience worse outcomes, although the majority of this evidence focuses on short- rather than long-term effects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey cohort (n = 1651), we assessed the association of paternal emigration (identified based on evidence of remittances sent back by mother's spouse) during childhood with the mental health and educational attainment at age 18 of Filipino children, adjusted for sex, socioeconomic position and paternal education. We explored whether timing of emigration, and household composition modified associations observed.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Children who had migrant fathers were found to be 1.24 times more likely to have high educational attainment at age 18 than children who did not have migrant fathers, although the association was imprecise (95 % confidence intervals: 0.83-1.85). We found no statistical evidence of a difference between children who experienced paternal migration compared to those who did not in terms of depressive symptoms or suicidal ideation at age 18. There was evidence that experiencing paternal migration in older childhood (≥10 years) was associated with better mental health. We found evidence that household composition modified associations for depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>This study does not suggest a detrimental long-term impact of paternal emigration on children ‘left-behind, either for educational attainment or mental health. This may reflect beneficial effects of paternal migration and/or pre-existing socioeconomic and health differences amongst families who do and do not experience paternal migration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100371
Nuruzzaman Khan , Md Badsha Alam , Gemma Tarpey-Brown , M Mofizul Islam , Karen Block
Aim
This study assessed and compared psychosocial distress among Rohingya refugees in Bhasan Char and Cox’s Bazar.
Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey microdata collected by UNHCR in 2023 and 2024, comprising 9087 individuals, including 8274 from the Cox’s Bazar refugee camps and 813 from the Bhasan Char refugee camps. The outcome variable examined was psychosocial distress and/or trauma (yes/no), while the primary explanatory variable was the individual’s location (Cox’s Bazar or Bhasan Char). Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to examine the association between the outcome variable and explanatory variables, adjusted for potential confounders.
Findings
Psychosocial distress and/or trauma were significantly higher in Bhasan Char (60.8 %) than in Cox’s Bazar (38.4 %). Refugees in Bhasan Char had nearly three times higher odds of distress (aOR: 2.86, 95 % CI: 2.44–3.34, p < 0.01) compared to those in Cox’s Bazar. Significant predictors included perceived lack of safety—those feeling "very unsafe" (aOR: 1.40, 95 % CI: 1.21–1.62, p < 0.01) and those who never walked alone (aOR: 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.04–1.60, p = 0.02)—as well as moderate (aOR: 1.31, 95 % CI: 1.16–1.47) and severe disabilities (aOR: 1.72, 95 % CI: 1.42–2.09), both p < 0.01. Larger household size (5–7 members: aOR: 1.24, 95 % CI: 1.12–1.37 and ≥8 members: aOR: 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.08–1.38, both p < 0.01) and unmet healthcare needs (aOR: 1.24, 95 % CI: 1.13–1.36, p < 0.01) also increased the odds of distress.
Conclusion
Psychosocial distress is significantly higher among Rohingya refugees in Bhasan Char than in Cox’s Bazar, highlighting the need for targeted mental health support in isolated settings.
目的本研究评估并比较了巴桑查尔和考克斯巴扎尔罗兴亚难民的社会心理困扰。方法我们对联合国难民署在2023年和2024年收集的横断面调查微观数据进行了二次分析，其中包括9087人，其中8274人来自Cox 's Bazar难民营，813人来自Bhasan Char难民营。检查的结果变量是心理社会困扰和/或创伤（是/否），而主要解释变量是个体的位置（Cox 's Bazar或Bhasan Char）。进行多变量逻辑回归来检验结果变量和解释变量之间的关联，并对潜在的混杂因素进行调整。Bhasan Char地区的社会心理困扰和/或创伤发生率（60.8%）明显高于Cox 's Bazar地区（38.4%）。与考克斯巴扎尔的难民相比，巴桑查尔的难民遭受痛苦的几率几乎高出三倍（aOR: 2.86, 95% CI: 2.44-3.34, p < 0.01）。重要的预测因素包括感知到缺乏安全——感觉“非常不安全”的人（aOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.21-1.62, p < 0.01）和从不独自行走的人（aOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04-1.60, p = 0.02），以及中度残疾（aOR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.16-1.47）和重度残疾（aOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.42-2.09）， p < 0.01。较大的家庭规模（5-7人：aOR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.12-1.37，≥8人：aOR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08-1.38, p < 0.01）和未满足的医疗保健需求（aOR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.13-1.36, p < 0.01）也增加了痛苦的几率。结论巴桑查尔的罗兴亚难民的心理社会困扰明显高于考克斯巴扎尔，这突出了在孤立环境中有针对性的心理健康支持的必要性。
{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with psychosocial distress and trauma among Rohingya refugees living in Cox’s Bazar and Bhasan Char in Bangladesh","authors":"Nuruzzaman Khan , Md Badsha Alam , Gemma Tarpey-Brown , M Mofizul Islam , Karen Block","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study assessed and compared psychosocial distress among Rohingya refugees in Bhasan Char and Cox’s Bazar.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey microdata collected by UNHCR in 2023 and 2024, comprising 9087 individuals, including 8274 from the Cox’s Bazar refugee camps and 813 from the Bhasan Char refugee camps. The outcome variable examined was psychosocial distress and/or trauma (yes/no), while the primary explanatory variable was the individual’s location (Cox’s Bazar or Bhasan Char). Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to examine the association between the outcome variable and explanatory variables, adjusted for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Psychosocial distress and/or trauma were significantly higher in Bhasan Char (60.8 %) than in Cox’s Bazar (38.4 %). Refugees in Bhasan Char had nearly three times higher odds of distress (aOR: 2.86, 95 % CI: 2.44–3.34, <em>p</em> < 0.01) compared to those in Cox’s Bazar. Significant predictors included perceived lack of safety—those feeling \"very unsafe\" (aOR: 1.40, 95 % CI: 1.21–1.62, <em>p</em> < 0.01) and those who never walked alone (aOR: 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.04–1.60, <em>p</em> = 0.02)—as well as moderate (aOR: 1.31, 95 % CI: 1.16–1.47) and severe disabilities (aOR: 1.72, 95 % CI: 1.42–2.09), both <em>p</em> < 0.01. Larger household size (5–7 members: aOR: 1.24, 95 % CI: 1.12–1.37 and ≥8 members: aOR: 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.08–1.38, both <em>p</em> < 0.01) and unmet healthcare needs (aOR: 1.24, 95 % CI: 1.13–1.36, <em>p</em> < 0.01) also increased the odds of distress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Psychosocial distress is significantly higher among Rohingya refugees in Bhasan Char than in Cox’s Bazar, highlighting the need for targeted mental health support in isolated settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100364
Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Several communities face the cyclical challenge of living with situations where climate change events and triggers push members to migrate at their own planned and prepared timelines or against their own prepared timelines often termed voluntary and involuntary climate-induced migration. There are others who express no desire to migrate despite the exposure to climate change stressors in addition to those who desire to migrate and or are unable to migrate and may feel trapped due to their exposure to climate change stressors (flood, extreme heat, windstorm and drought). The combined occurrence of these climate change outcomes (Climate change induced migration and Climate immobility) emerges as two polar end complicated socio-environmental challenge with varying socio-economic impacts on livelihoods. This study examines the drivers of climate-induced migration and climate immobility among rural and peri‑urban Ghanaian residents in the northern and upper-east regions of Ghana.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study was anchored on an embedded concurrent mixed method design, with 2125 persons surveyed and 21 interviews conducted across 12 communities in the Talensi and Savelugu district in Upper East and Northern region of Ghana. Multistage cluster sampling and purposive sampling were used to select participants for both quantitative and qualitative component of the study. The dependent variables were climate migration and climate immobility. The independent variables include socio demographic characteristics and participants experience with climate induced displacement. Using a multilevel regression analysis, the determinants of climate migration and climate immobility are analyzed with variables considered significant at <em>p</em> < 0.05. A comparative thematic approach guided the qualitative analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experience of climate-induced migration was reported by 462(21.7%) individuals. Nearly half, 1060(49.9%) respondents were climate change immobile reflected in their show of no intentions of relocating from their present location notwithstanding climate change conditions. The age of residents with persons 36–45 years and above 55 years showed an increased likelihood of being climate immobile. Moreover, income levels were positively associated with climate immobility as individuals with low income (aOR= 1.607;95% CI= 1.247,2.071) had higher odds of being climate immobile. For climate-induced migration, individuals who self-rated their present health condition as poorer than a year ago had a greater likelihood of migrating (aOR=2.690;95%CI=1.744–4.148) compared to those with better health status. The qualitative narratives present the predictability of climate displacement experiences of an annual minimum of 3 to 14 times occurrences heralded by flooding from Bagre Dam spillage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The central and local government authorities must stren
{"title":"Climate-induced migration and climate immobility in Ghana: A socio-ecological mixed method study","authors":"Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Several communities face the cyclical challenge of living with situations where climate change events and triggers push members to migrate at their own planned and prepared timelines or against their own prepared timelines often termed voluntary and involuntary climate-induced migration. There are others who express no desire to migrate despite the exposure to climate change stressors in addition to those who desire to migrate and or are unable to migrate and may feel trapped due to their exposure to climate change stressors (flood, extreme heat, windstorm and drought). The combined occurrence of these climate change outcomes (Climate change induced migration and Climate immobility) emerges as two polar end complicated socio-environmental challenge with varying socio-economic impacts on livelihoods. This study examines the drivers of climate-induced migration and climate immobility among rural and peri‑urban Ghanaian residents in the northern and upper-east regions of Ghana.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study was anchored on an embedded concurrent mixed method design, with 2125 persons surveyed and 21 interviews conducted across 12 communities in the Talensi and Savelugu district in Upper East and Northern region of Ghana. Multistage cluster sampling and purposive sampling were used to select participants for both quantitative and qualitative component of the study. The dependent variables were climate migration and climate immobility. The independent variables include socio demographic characteristics and participants experience with climate induced displacement. Using a multilevel regression analysis, the determinants of climate migration and climate immobility are analyzed with variables considered significant at <em>p</em> < 0.05. A comparative thematic approach guided the qualitative analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experience of climate-induced migration was reported by 462(21.7%) individuals. Nearly half, 1060(49.9%) respondents were climate change immobile reflected in their show of no intentions of relocating from their present location notwithstanding climate change conditions. The age of residents with persons 36–45 years and above 55 years showed an increased likelihood of being climate immobile. Moreover, income levels were positively associated with climate immobility as individuals with low income (aOR= 1.607;95% CI= 1.247,2.071) had higher odds of being climate immobile. For climate-induced migration, individuals who self-rated their present health condition as poorer than a year ago had a greater likelihood of migrating (aOR=2.690;95%CI=1.744–4.148) compared to those with better health status. The qualitative narratives present the predictability of climate displacement experiences of an annual minimum of 3 to 14 times occurrences heralded by flooding from Bagre Dam spillage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The central and local government authorities must stren","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100358
Mar Díaz-Millón , María Dolores Olvera-Lobo
A key challenge migrants face is communication, particularly when they move to countries whose local language they do not speak. Language barriers create significant obstacles in accessing essential services, especially healthcare. These barriers hinder communication between migrants and healthcare providers, resulting in unmet medical needs and adverse health outcomes. In this context, the role of translation and cultural mediation as tools to bridge communication gaps becomes critical. This study conducts a meta-review of existing literature to examine the barriers migrants face in accessing healthcare and explore the role of translation in these circumstances. A sample of 38 literature reviews were selected for analysis. The methodology followed PRISMA guidelines, and qualitative data analysis was performed using NVivo software. Four key themes were identified: access to healthcare, translation, impact on migrant health, and challenges for migrant women. The findings reveal that language, cultural, and economic barriers create difficulties for migrants. Language barriers prevent migrants from understanding medical instructions, navigating healthcare systems, and building trust with providers. Although translation services have demonstrated their potential to mitigate these issues, they remain underutilized. The study concludes by emphasizing the urgent need for systemic measures to promote equitable access to healthcare for migrants. Recommendations include integrating professional translation services into healthcare systems, training providers in cultural competency, and addressing the economic barriers that prevent many migrants from seeking care. By prioritizing these strategies, healthcare systems can better meet the needs of diverse migrant populations and foster more inclusive, equitable care.
{"title":"Systematic meta-review on migrant healthcare access: Language barriers and the role of translation","authors":"Mar Díaz-Millón , María Dolores Olvera-Lobo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A key challenge migrants face is communication, particularly when they move to countries whose local language they do not speak. Language barriers create significant obstacles in accessing essential services, especially healthcare. These barriers hinder communication between migrants and healthcare providers, resulting in unmet medical needs and adverse health outcomes. In this context, the role of translation and cultural mediation as tools to bridge communication gaps becomes critical. This study conducts a meta-review of existing literature to examine the barriers migrants face in accessing healthcare and explore the role of translation in these circumstances. A sample of 38 literature reviews were selected for analysis. The methodology followed PRISMA guidelines, and qualitative data analysis was performed using NVivo software. Four key themes were identified: access to healthcare, translation, impact on migrant health, and challenges for migrant women. The findings reveal that language, cultural, and economic barriers create difficulties for migrants. Language barriers prevent migrants from understanding medical instructions, navigating healthcare systems, and building trust with providers. Although translation services have demonstrated their potential to mitigate these issues, they remain underutilized. The study concludes by emphasizing the urgent need for systemic measures to promote equitable access to healthcare for migrants. Recommendations include integrating professional translation services into healthcare systems, training providers in cultural competency, and addressing the economic barriers that prevent many migrants from seeking care. By prioritizing these strategies, healthcare systems can better meet the needs of diverse migrant populations and foster more inclusive, equitable care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100347
Jiaxue Lou , Shuting Kong , Wenkang Zhou , Yawen Xuan , Menmen Wang , Xudong Zhou , Jingjing Lu , Hui Zhu
Background
While many studies have examined mental health and influencing factors of rural Chinese children who migrated back from urban areas, holistic exploration of multifaceted determinants of their depressive symptoms is lacking; this study, drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory and the process-person-context-time (PPCT) model, investigated multilevel factors’ impact on such symptoms and gender differences.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022 in Nanling County (Anhui Province) in China. A sample of 859 school students in grades 5–9 completed assessments measuring their depressive symptoms (using the Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and different blocks of variables (CONTEXT, PERSON, and PROCESS). The association was examined using hierarchical logistic regression, entering blocks sequentially. Furthermore, we have explored the gender differences.
Results
Among 859 participants included in the current study, depressive symptoms were found in 258 (30.03%) of them, and females suffered more. A more favorable family social context and better personal characteristics of the children were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms. Better mother-child communication and school belongings significantly related to a lower risk of depressive symptoms, while father-child communication only played a role for males.
Conclusions
Good parent-child communication and a sense of school belonging can protect the mental health of rural children migrating back from urban areas. These research findings highlight the importance of families and schools working together to tackle this challenge of urban-rural migration, moreover, children from disadvantaged families may need extra assistance.
背景：虽然许多研究调查了中国农村儿童从城市回归的心理健康及其影响因素，但缺乏对其抑郁症状的多方面决定因素的整体探索；本研究利用Bronfenbrenner的生态系统理论和过程-人-情境-时间（process-person-上下文-time， PPCT）模型，探讨了多重因素对此类症状和性别差异的影响。方法于2022年在中国安徽省南陵县进行横断面调查。859名5-9年级的学生完成了对他们抑郁症状的评估（使用儿童抑郁量表，CDI）和不同的变量块（CONTEXT， PERSON, and PROCESS）。使用分层逻辑回归，按顺序进入块来检查关联。此外，我们还探讨了性别差异。结果在859名被试中，有258人（30.03%）出现抑郁症状，其中女性多见。更有利的家庭社会环境和更好的儿童个人特征与抑郁症状的几率较低有关。良好的母子沟通和学校物品与较低的抑郁症状风险显著相关，而父子沟通仅对男性起作用。结论良好的亲子沟通和学校归属感能保障农村返乡儿童的心理健康。这些研究结果强调了家庭和学校共同努力解决城乡人口迁移挑战的重要性，此外，来自弱势家庭的儿童可能需要额外的帮助。
{"title":"Multifaceted determinants of depressive symptoms in children migrating back from urban to rural areas: An ecological systems theory approach","authors":"Jiaxue Lou , Shuting Kong , Wenkang Zhou , Yawen Xuan , Menmen Wang , Xudong Zhou , Jingjing Lu , Hui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While many studies have examined mental health and influencing factors of rural Chinese children who migrated back from urban areas, holistic exploration of multifaceted determinants of their depressive symptoms is lacking; this study, drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory and the process-person-context-time (PPCT) model, investigated multilevel factors’ impact on such symptoms and gender differences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022 in Nanling County (Anhui Province) in China. A sample of 859 school students in grades 5–9 completed assessments measuring their depressive symptoms (using the Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and different blocks of variables (CONTEXT, PERSON, and PROCESS). The association was examined using hierarchical logistic regression, entering blocks sequentially. Furthermore, we have explored the gender differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 859 participants included in the current study, depressive symptoms were found in 258 (30.03%) of them, and females suffered more. A more favorable family social context and better personal characteristics of the children were associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms. Better mother-child communication and school belongings significantly related to a lower risk of depressive symptoms, while father-child communication only played a role for males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Good parent-child communication and a sense of school belonging can protect the mental health of rural children migrating back from urban areas. These research findings highlight the importance of families and schools working together to tackle this challenge of urban-rural migration, moreover, children from disadvantaged families may need extra assistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100346
Leonard Ho , Chithramali Rodrigo , Lyn Mair , Kusum Singal , Sarah McGarrol , Helen Cannings , Phil Mackie , Martin Murchie , Shantini Paranjothy , Miriam Brazzelli
Background Worldwide, 6.1 million people are seeking asylum because of persecution, conflicts, and human rights violations. This overview of systematic reviews (SRs) assessed the existing evidence on the care needs of asylum seekers in high-income countries and their experiences of accessing care services.
Methods We searched eight electronic databases up to January 2024 for relevant peer-reviewed SRs and assessed their methodological quality using the JBI tool for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses. We extracted information on the characteristics of SRs and summarised common themes.
Results We identified five SRs of satisfactory quality published between 2014 and 2021. Participants across the reviews ranged from 90 to 20,951. Common themes included communication challenges, health professionals’ attitudes, mental health problems, access to health care, and housing and relocation challenges. Many asylum seekers experienced negative and hostile attitudes from health professionals. Several factors, including language barriers and lack of social and financial support limited asylum seekers’ access to care services and housing. Trust issues and uncertainty about the future (e.g., fear of being deported) affected asylum seekers’ sense of security. Relocation, poor housing conditions, and difficulties in navigating the rental market affected the day-to-day life of asylum seekers and their ability to integrate into society.
Conclusions Further research should explore the health and social care needs and experiences of asylum seekers using robust methodology. Evaluation of existing policies and service provision is needed to improve the care experiences of this vulnerable population. Future research should also consider the views and perspectives of diverse stakeholders.
{"title":"Health and social care needs of adult asylum seekers in high-income countries and their experiences of accessing care services: An overview of systematic reviews","authors":"Leonard Ho , Chithramali Rodrigo , Lyn Mair , Kusum Singal , Sarah McGarrol , Helen Cannings , Phil Mackie , Martin Murchie , Shantini Paranjothy , Miriam Brazzelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmh.2025.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Background</strong> Worldwide, 6.1 million people are seeking asylum because of persecution, conflicts, and human rights violations. This overview of systematic reviews (SRs) assessed the existing evidence on the care needs of asylum seekers in high-income countries and their experiences of accessing care services.</div><div><strong>Methods</strong> We searched eight electronic databases up to January 2024 for relevant peer-reviewed SRs and assessed their methodological quality using the JBI tool for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses. We extracted information on the characteristics of SRs and summarised common themes.</div><div><strong>Results</strong> We identified five SRs of satisfactory quality published between 2014 and 2021. Participants across the reviews ranged from 90 to 20,951. Common themes included communication challenges, health professionals’ attitudes, mental health problems, access to health care, and housing and relocation challenges. Many asylum seekers experienced negative and hostile attitudes from health professionals. Several factors, including language barriers and lack of social and financial support limited asylum seekers’ access to care services and housing. Trust issues and uncertainty about the future (e.g., fear of being deported) affected asylum seekers’ sense of security. Relocation, poor housing conditions, and difficulties in navigating the rental market affected the day-to-day life of asylum seekers and their ability to integrate into society.</div><div><strong>Conclusions</strong> Further research should explore the health and social care needs and experiences of asylum seekers using robust methodology. Evaluation of existing policies and service provision is needed to improve the care experiences of this vulnerable population. Future research should also consider the views and perspectives of diverse stakeholders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34448,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Migration and Health","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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