Alpinism, a high-risk and skill-intensive form of mountain tourism, is deeply intertwined with the mountain environment, making it a practice highly susceptible to the impacts of climate change. This study examines European alpinists' motivations and the impact of climate-driven landscape changes, like glacier retreat and increased hazards. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines a survey of 1071 alpinists with 30 in-depth interviews to identify key motivational constructs and how a changing climate influences these constructs. Results reveal that motives centre on the natural environment, social connection, the sporting nature of alpinism, and achieving iconic climbing objectives. The analysis highlights the emergence of a “last-chance to climb” motive, driven by disappearing or increasingly inaccessible routes due to climate change.
{"title":"When motivation follows the climate: Changing mountain environment influences motive constructs of recreational alpinists","authors":"Emmanuel Salim , Célian Gruet , Philipp Sacher , Brooklyn Rushton , Katherine Hanly","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpinism, a high-risk and skill-intensive form of mountain tourism, is deeply intertwined with the mountain environment, making it a practice highly susceptible to the impacts of climate change. This study examines European alpinists' motivations and the impact of climate-driven landscape changes, like glacier retreat and increased hazards. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines a survey of 1071 alpinists with 30 in-depth interviews to identify key motivational constructs and how a changing climate influences these constructs. Results reveal that motives centre on the natural environment, social connection, the sporting nature of alpinism, and achieving iconic climbing objectives. The analysis highlights the emergence of a “last-chance to climb” motive, driven by disappearing or increasingly inaccessible routes due to climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2025.100173
Leah Butterfield
This article examines Black American women's roots travel throughout the African diaspora between 2000 and 2023. By analyzing interviews with travelers alongside roots travel memoirs, this study shows how such travel responds to historical dislocation and U.S. inequities. The trips are characterized by an expansive quest for felt knowledge, transhistorical connection, familiar sights, and belonging. For Black American women, roots travel has ambiguous results. The trips can facilitate pleasurable affects and fleeting connections. At the same time, such travel rarely results in conclusive findings about one's heritage. As a result, travelers embrace and create small spaces of belonging, adopt the identity of permanent traveler, or find power in occupying the margins.
{"title":"Black American women's roots travel","authors":"Leah Butterfield","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines Black American women's roots travel throughout the African diaspora between 2000 and 2023. By analyzing interviews with travelers alongside roots travel memoirs, this study shows how such travel responds to historical dislocation and U.S. inequities. The trips are characterized by an expansive quest for felt knowledge, transhistorical connection, familiar sights, and belonging. For Black American women, roots travel has ambiguous results. The trips can facilitate pleasurable affects and fleeting connections. At the same time, such travel rarely results in conclusive findings about one's heritage. As a result, travelers embrace and create small spaces of belonging, adopt the identity of permanent traveler, or find power in occupying the margins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change affects mountain tourism and summer glacier skiing, a highly vulnerable activity. This paper explores the complex dynamics affecting summer glacier skiing in Swiss Alpine destinations. The methodology involved conducting 26 semi-structured interviews followed by three workshops with tourism stakeholders. Applying systems thinking, this research highlights the challenges faced by summer glacier skiing destinations and the ongoing commitment required amid evolving cryosphere dynamics. Sustaining summer glacier skiing touches on vulnerability factors in climatic and socioeconomic dimensions. The disappearance of the activity has implications for the cable car companies, the hospitality sector and the wider mountain tourism industry. The systems thinking approach in this research reveals feedback loops and leverage points, such as uncertainties about the future of the activity.
{"title":"Systems thinking to adapt tourism to climate change: Application to summer glacier skiing in Switzerland","authors":"Ephraim Gerber , Jeanne Fournier , Emmanuel Salim , Emmanuel Fragnière , Leïla Kebir","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change affects mountain tourism and summer glacier skiing, a highly vulnerable activity. This paper explores the complex dynamics affecting summer glacier skiing in Swiss Alpine destinations. The methodology involved conducting 26 semi-structured interviews followed by three workshops with tourism stakeholders. Applying systems thinking, this research highlights the challenges faced by summer glacier skiing destinations and the ongoing commitment required amid evolving cryosphere dynamics. Sustaining summer glacier skiing touches on vulnerability factors in climatic and socioeconomic dimensions. The disappearance of the activity has implications for the cable car companies, the hospitality sector and the wider mountain tourism industry. The systems thinking approach in this research reveals feedback loops and leverage points, such as uncertainties about the future of the activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-08DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2025.100171
Cristóbal Mendoza, Josefina Domínguez-Mujica, Juan Manuel Parreño-Castellano
This paper examines migration inflows in El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain) and Pico (Azores, Portugal) and their relationship with tourism. It investigates how immigrants' work-life transitions are linked to tourism involvement, highlighting how migration reshapes the islands' economies. Immigrants contribute to shifting the productive model from pre-tourism structures to economies increasingly dominated by tourism. The analysis concludes that these islands do not fit neatly into traditional classifications of island tourism development. Instead, they represent a unique typology, marked by the early arrival of enterprising foreign immigrants. This shift is driven by both local conditions and global influences, such as globalization, digitalization, and EU membership, positioning these islands within a broader economic and social transformation.
{"title":"Islands on the move: Non-mass tourism and migration in El Hierro (Spain) and Pico (Portugal)","authors":"Cristóbal Mendoza, Josefina Domínguez-Mujica, Juan Manuel Parreño-Castellano","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines migration inflows in El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain) and Pico (Azores, Portugal) and their relationship with tourism. It investigates how immigrants' work-life transitions are linked to tourism involvement, highlighting how migration reshapes the islands' economies. Immigrants contribute to shifting the productive model from pre-tourism structures to economies increasingly dominated by tourism. The analysis concludes that these islands do not fit neatly into traditional classifications of island tourism development. Instead, they represent a unique typology, marked by the early arrival of enterprising foreign immigrants. This shift is driven by both local conditions and global influences, such as globalization, digitalization, and EU membership, positioning these islands within a broader economic and social transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2025.100170
Hanh Thi My Le , Thuy-An Phan-Thi , Binh T. Nguyen , Thang Quyet Nguyen
This paper presents a framework for collecting large datasets of hotel reviews (e.g., from Booking.com and TripAdvisor) and performing useful analytics from the data collected. This approach automates data collection, reduces manual effort, enhances data cleaning, and standardizes data processing. We compiled extensive datasets of 607,451 reviews from Booking.com and 782,584 from TripAdvisor, representing the most extensive emerging market-specific hotel review datasets. We conducted statistical analysis to evaluate the review distribution and customer satisfaction levels. Sentiment analysis assessed the polarity and subjectivity of English reviews and their impact on customers' overall satisfaction. Additionally, we used topic modeling with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to identify key themes within the reviews to understand customers' real needs, providing helpful insights for hotel management.
{"title":"Mining online hotel reviews using big data and machine learning: An empirical study from an emerging country","authors":"Hanh Thi My Le , Thuy-An Phan-Thi , Binh T. Nguyen , Thang Quyet Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a framework for collecting large datasets of hotel reviews (e.g., from <span><span>Booking.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> and TripAdvisor) and performing useful analytics from the data collected. This approach automates data collection, reduces manual effort, enhances data cleaning, and standardizes data processing. We compiled extensive datasets of 607,451 reviews from <span><span>Booking.com</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> and 782,584 from TripAdvisor, representing the most extensive emerging market-specific hotel review datasets. We conducted statistical analysis to evaluate the review distribution and customer satisfaction levels. Sentiment analysis assessed the polarity and subjectivity of English reviews and their impact on customers' overall satisfaction. Additionally, we used topic modeling with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to identify key themes within the reviews to understand customers' real needs, providing helpful insights for hotel management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-22DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2025.100169
Lidia de Castro Romero, Víctor Martín Barroso, Rosa Santero-Sánchez
Hospitality employs many women, offering a chance to promote gender equality. However, wage disparities and unequal working conditions persist for women. This study examines the gender wage gap in managerial positions within hospitality across fourteen European countries, using data from the 2018 European Structure of Earnings Survey. We compute adjusted gender wage gaps and use decomposition methods to analyse wage disparities. Results show a significant wage gap in eight countries, from 5.1 % to 23.8 %, suggesting unobserved factors indicative of discrimination. Furthermore, we observe that in most countries, this gender wage gap is lower compared to other sectors of the economy. Additionally, much of the gap is due to female managers being concentrated in lower-paying establishments.
{"title":"Gender wage gap in hospitality management: The evidence in Europe","authors":"Lidia de Castro Romero, Víctor Martín Barroso, Rosa Santero-Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hospitality employs many women, offering a chance to promote gender equality. However, wage disparities and unequal working conditions persist for women. This study examines the gender wage gap in managerial positions within hospitality across fourteen European countries, using data from the 2018 European Structure of Earnings Survey. We compute adjusted gender wage gaps and use decomposition methods to analyse wage disparities. Results show a significant wage gap in eight countries, from 5.1 % to 23.8 %, suggesting unobserved factors indicative of discrimination. Furthermore, we observe that in most countries, this gender wage gap is lower compared to other sectors of the economy. Additionally, much of the gap is due to female managers being concentrated in lower-paying establishments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exclusion-inclusion theory has received attention in various disciplines in the actual world. However, whether and how virtual tourism experiences can affect the degree of exclusion-inclusion for people who use wheelchairs has not been discussed. Driven by an interpretivist paradigm, this study employed immersive netnography. Ten Indonesian were observed and interviewed to understand their virtual nature-based experiences. They used virtual reality head month and explored a few virtual destinations. The findings suggest that the combination of virtual tourism destinations' aspects can influence the inclusivity of their travel experiences. A better understanding of these findings will aid in developing inclusive tourism for wheelchair users through virtual tourism. This paper provides insights into the current and future scope of inclusive e-tourism.
{"title":"Inclusivity of virtual tourism destinations: An immersive netnographic study of Indonesian wheelchair users in virtual nature-based destinations","authors":"Rosliyana Perangin-Angin , Rokhshad Tavakoli , Camelia Kusumo , Paolo Mura","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exclusion-inclusion theory has received attention in various disciplines in the actual world. However, whether and how virtual tourism experiences can affect the degree of exclusion-inclusion for people who use wheelchairs has not been discussed. Driven by an interpretivist paradigm, this study employed immersive netnography. Ten Indonesian were observed and interviewed to understand their virtual nature-based experiences. They used virtual reality head month and explored a few virtual destinations. The findings suggest that the combination of virtual tourism destinations' aspects can influence the inclusivity of their travel experiences. A better understanding of these findings will aid in developing inclusive tourism for wheelchair users through virtual tourism. This paper provides insights into the current and future scope of inclusive e-tourism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2025.100166
Takatoshi Murayama , Graham Brown , Atsushi Akiike , Kohsuke Matsuoka
This article examines Japanese residents' perceptions of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. A nationwide survey measured attitudes towards the Games and perceptions of subjective well-being, comparing pre- and post-event evaluations to examine the impact of disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Surprisingly, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that perceptions on many items about community benefits significantly increased, while many concerns about quality-of-life and COVID-19 significantly decreased. The study found that, overall, attitudes towards the Olympics became more favourable despite the impact of the pandemic. The epidemic control strategy which isolated athletes from host residents and prioritised public health is discussed as a legacy for sustainable mega sport events.
{"title":"Resident perceptions of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games: An examination of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Takatoshi Murayama , Graham Brown , Atsushi Akiike , Kohsuke Matsuoka","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines Japanese residents' perceptions of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. A nationwide survey measured attitudes towards the Games and perceptions of subjective well-being, comparing pre- and post-event evaluations to examine the impact of disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Surprisingly, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that perceptions on many items about community benefits significantly increased, while many concerns about quality-of-life and COVID-19 significantly decreased. The study found that, overall, attitudes towards the Olympics became more favourable despite the impact of the pandemic. The epidemic control strategy which isolated athletes from host residents and prioritised public health is discussed as a legacy for sustainable mega sport events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143301787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2025.100167
Wondwesen Tafesse, Urwa Tariq
Due to the expectation that Airbnb guests value home-benefit amenities, Airbnb hosts provide a wide range of amenities. These amenities can potentially enhance guests' experience by expanding the range of interactions they can have during their stay. However, empirical research systematically investigating the contribution of Airbnb amenities to the guest experience remains limited. To address this gap, the present study adopts an experiential perspective and organizes hundreds of individual amenities offered by Airbnb properties into 12 comprehensive and mutually exclusive categories. Using data from thousands of Airbnb listings, the study then quantifies the contributions of these categories to the guest experience. The findings reveal that certain categories including office, entertainment, ambiance, safety and accessibility amenities are significantly associated with the guest experience, while other categories including kitchen, living room, bedroom, bathroom, and outdoor amenities have no significant association with the guest experience. The findings contribute to the Airbnb literature by providing a systematic framework to categorize Airbnb amenities and offering empirical evidence of their contribution to the guest experience.
{"title":"Airbnb amenities: Quantifying their contribution to the guest experience","authors":"Wondwesen Tafesse, Urwa Tariq","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the expectation that Airbnb guests value home-benefit amenities, Airbnb hosts provide a wide range of amenities. These amenities can potentially enhance guests' experience by expanding the range of interactions they can have during their stay. However, empirical research systematically investigating the contribution of Airbnb amenities to the guest experience remains limited. To address this gap, the present study adopts an experiential perspective and organizes hundreds of individual amenities offered by Airbnb properties into 12 comprehensive and mutually exclusive categories. Using data from thousands of Airbnb listings, the study then quantifies the contributions of these categories to the guest experience. The findings reveal that certain categories including office, entertainment, ambiance, safety and accessibility amenities are significantly associated with the guest experience, while other categories including kitchen, living room, bedroom, bathroom, and outdoor amenities have no significant association with the guest experience. The findings contribute to the Airbnb literature by providing a systematic framework to categorize Airbnb amenities and offering empirical evidence of their contribution to the guest experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-07DOI: 10.1016/j.annale.2024.100163
Mitchell Lewis Horrocks , Adrian Gepp , James Todd , Bruce James Vanstone
The coronavirus pandemic had a devastating effect on tourism. This paper develops an integrated intervention analysis and forecasting methodology for crisis impact assessment to investigate the economic impacts of border restrictions for a popular tourist destination in Australia, the Gold Coast. Using anonymised and aggregated daily Visa expenditure data from 2018 to 2020, this paper investigates domestic and international visitors' responses to border restrictions and their subsequent easing. Responses are influenced by policy severity, proximity to destinations, and broader pandemic conditions, with international markets experiencing the greatest expenditure impact. Domestic intrastate visitors drove initial recovery, while interstate visitors faced barriers like non-reciprocal travel arrangements and frequently changing restrictions. Travel restrictions disproportionately affected tourist-oriented businesses and altered the spatial distribution of visitor spending.
{"title":"Pandemic borders and expenditure impact: Intervention and forecasting insights from Australia","authors":"Mitchell Lewis Horrocks , Adrian Gepp , James Todd , Bruce James Vanstone","doi":"10.1016/j.annale.2024.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annale.2024.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coronavirus pandemic had a devastating effect on tourism. This paper develops an integrated intervention analysis and forecasting methodology for crisis impact assessment to investigate the economic impacts of border restrictions for a popular tourist destination in Australia, the Gold Coast. Using anonymised and aggregated daily Visa expenditure data from 2018 to 2020, this paper investigates domestic and international visitors' responses to border restrictions and their subsequent easing. Responses are influenced by policy severity, proximity to destinations, and broader pandemic conditions, with international markets experiencing the greatest expenditure impact. Domestic intrastate visitors drove initial recovery, while interstate visitors faced barriers like non-reciprocal travel arrangements and frequently changing restrictions. Travel restrictions disproportionately affected tourist-oriented businesses and altered the spatial distribution of visitor spending.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34520,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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