Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering最新文献_第3页

Scaling laws for ring-shaped beam profiles in laser-based powder bed fusion of metals 激光粉末床金属熔合环形光束轮廓的标度规律

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100164

Jonas Grünewald, Moritz Wittemer, Katrin Wudy

The application of alternative beam shapes is a current research trend to stabilize and accelerate the laser-based powder bed fusion of metals process. Although many publications show a reduced process dynamic and an enlargement of the process window for dense components using non-Gaussian beam profiles, a generally valid correlation between the energy input - in terms of the beam shape and the process parameters - and the melting mode is lacking. Consequently, intensive experimental work is required to qualify process parameters for alternative beam profiles. The present work aims to reduce this experimental effort for the parameter qualification of alternative beam profiles by estimating the melting modes based on dimensionless parameters. For this purpose, a simple heat conduction model is applied to a new database of melt track widths and depths generated with various ring-shaped beam profiles with different spot sizes. The approach shows a correlation between the dimensionless enthalpy and the melt track depth and width if the 2^nd moment method is used to determine the spot size of the laser beam profiles. Finally, introducing a maximum dimensionless enthalpy considering the peak intensity of the beam profile used enables the estimation of the melting mode. Regardless of the beam profile, the transition from conduction mode to keyhole mode occurs between maximum dimensionless enthalpies of 6.25 ± 0.85 and 8.65 ± 0.30.

为了稳定和加速激光粉末床金属熔合过程，应用可选择的光束形状是当前的研究趋势。尽管许多出版物表明，使用非高斯光束剖面的致密组件的过程动态降低和过程窗口扩大，但缺乏能量输入（就光束形状和工艺参数而言）与熔化模式之间的普遍有效的相关性。因此，需要大量的实验工作来确定可选光束轮廓的工艺参数。本工作旨在通过基于无量纲参数估计熔化模式来减少对备选梁廓形参数确定的实验努力。为此，将一个简单的热传导模型应用于由不同光斑尺寸的环形光束轮廓生成的熔体轨迹宽度和深度的新数据库。该方法表明，用二阶矩法确定激光束轮廓的光斑尺寸时，无量纲焓与熔体轨迹深度和宽度之间存在相关性。最后，引入最大无因次焓，考虑到所使用的光束轮廓的峰值强度，使熔化模式的估计。无论光束形状如何，从传导模式到锁孔模式的转变发生在最大无因次焓为6.25±0.85和8.65±0.30之间。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating 3D printing, simulations and surrogate modelling: A comprehensive study on additive manufacturing focusing on a metal twin-cantilever benchmark 集成3D打印，仿真和代理建模：以金属双悬臂基准为重点的增材制造综合研究

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100162

C. Mallor , S. Lani , V. Zambrano , H. Ghasemi-Tabasi , S. Calvo , A. Burn

Additive Manufacturing by powder bed fusion of metals using a laser beam (PBF-LB/M) is constantly growing as an advanced technology to produce metal components. It offers greater design freedom compared to conventional processes and allows the production of complex, lighter geometries with numerous applications in a variety of industries. However, the time and cost required to achieve production readiness present significant challenges to the widespread adoption of new parts development. Success in builds is not reliable until tested, with common issues including distortion, and warpage. The expensive costs of physical iteration to optimize parameters calls for digital simulation to mitigate build failures. This paper presents the successful development of a surrogate model for predicting distortion in a PBF-LB/M metal part. The methodology is grounded on a design of experiments, additive manufacturing tests, finite element modelling playing a critical role, alongside reduced order methods to achieve a surrogate model for improving the additive manufacturing process. The reduced order method for creating the surrogate model is based on tensor decomposition and designed for easy integration into a digital twin, while preserving the underlying physics by retaining the effects of input variables on the final output. The validity of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a benchmark example involving the manufacturing of a metal twin-cantilever part using different laser power, scan speed, and preheating conditions. The twin-cantilever surrogate model developed embeds physics-based simulations and facilitates efficient estimation of deflections. It offers accurate results useful during process setting calibration and improves understanding of how the process parameters affect the final built part.

利用激光粉末床熔融金属的增材制造技术（PBF-LB/M）作为一种生产金属部件的先进技术正在不断发展。与传统工艺相比，它提供了更大的设计自由度，并允许生产复杂，更轻的几何形状，在各种行业中有许多应用。然而，实现生产准备所需的时间和成本对新零件开发的广泛采用提出了重大挑战。在测试之前，构建的成功是不可靠的，常见的问题包括扭曲和翘曲。优化参数的物理迭代的昂贵成本需要数字模拟来减轻构建失败。本文介绍了一个用于预测PBF-LB/M金属零件变形的代理模型的成功开发。该方法基于实验设计、增材制造测试、发挥关键作用的有限元建模，以及减少订单的方法，以实现替代模型，以改进增材制造过程。用于创建代理模型的降阶方法基于张量分解，旨在轻松集成到数字孪生中，同时通过保留输入变量对最终输出的影响来保留底层物理。通过不同激光功率、扫描速度和预热条件下的金属双悬臂零件的加工，验证了该方法的有效性。开发的双悬臂代理模型嵌入了基于物理的模拟，并促进了对挠度的有效估计。它提供了准确的结果，在过程设置校准有用，并提高了对工艺参数如何影响最终构建部分的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Manipulating martensitic transformation and residual stress development in stress superposed incremental forming of SS304 SS304应力叠加增量成形中马氏体相变和残余应力发展的调控

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100161

Elizabeth M. Mamros , Fabian Maaß , Thomas H. Gnäupel-Herold , A. Erman Tekkaya , Brad L. Kinsey , Jinjin Ha

Stress superposition is one of the strategies used in metal deformation processes to increase the material formability, decrease the required forming forces, and create highly customized components. To investigate the effects of tensile and compressive stresses superposed to the single point incremental forming (SPIF) process, experiments and numerical simulations were conducted for a stainless steel 304 (SS304) truncated square pyramid geometry. Tensile stresses were superposed in-plane on the specimen blank by a custom hydraulic frame, and compressive stresses were incorporated via a polyurethane die. Identified parameters for a martensitic transformation kinetics model for SS304 were used in a two-step finite element approach to predict the

α

’-martensite volume fraction. These results were compared to experimental results measured by a Feritscope at four locations along each pyramid wall and validated by electron backscatter diffraction. The residual stresses were measured using x-ray diffraction. The parts from each incremental forming process revealed differences in the residual stresses, which impacted the final geometries, and the

α

’-martensite volume fraction at the four measurement locations. The evolution of the stress state, defined by the stress triaxiality and Lode angle parameter, for each process contributed to the phase transformation variance. It was found that superposing both tensile and compressive stresses to SPIF resulted in the greatest phase transformation and lowest magnitude of residual stresses near the base and the greatest overall geometrical accuracy. Stress-superposed incremental forming can be implemented to manipulate final part properties, which is ideal for applications requiring highly customized parts, e.g., biomedical trauma fixation hardware.

应力叠加是金属变形过程中使用的策略之一，可以提高材料的成形性，降低所需的成形力，并创建高度定制的部件。为了研究单点增量成形（SPIF）过程中拉伸和压缩应力的影响，对304不锈钢（SS304）的截形方形金字塔几何形状进行了实验和数值模拟。拉伸应力由定制的液压框架在平面上叠加在试样空白上，压应力通过聚氨酯模具合并。利用SS304的马氏体相变动力学模型中确定的参数，采用两步有限元法预测α′-马氏体体积分数。这些结果与Feritscope在每个金字塔壁四个位置测量的实验结果进行了比较，并通过电子背散射衍射进行了验证。用x射线衍射测量了残余应力。不同增量成形工艺的零件在残余应力和α′-马氏体体积分数上存在差异，这影响了最终的几何形状。应力状态的演变（由应力三轴性和Lode角参数定义）对每个过程的相变变化有贡献。结果表明，在SPIF上叠加拉压应力时，其相变最大，基底附近残余应力最小，整体几何精度最高。应力叠加式增量成形可用于控制最终零件的性能，这对于需要高度定制零件的应用非常理想，例如生物医学创伤固定硬件。

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引用次数: 0

Deformation behavior of anisotropic TA18 titanium alloy tube in hydroforming process at room temperature 各向异性TA18钛合金管材室温高压成形变形行为

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100159

Xiao-Lei Cui , Yuanyang Zhao , Shijie Yin , Jiuqiang He

While hydroforming of titanium alloy at room temperature is difficult due to its high strength, low hardening capacity, and significant springback, it is typically deformed into desired shape under high-temperature conditions exceeding 500°C, which increases the complexity of the process and raises costs. In this paper, the hydroforming method was used to manufacture TA18 titanium alloy variable-diameter tubular components at room temperature based on an innovative idea of useful wrinkles. The results show that the TA18 titanium alloy tube blank has a strong normal anisotropy of

\overline{r}

= 5.2, which is conducive to developing wrinkles while preventing excessive thinning. When the pressure increases from 0.4 p_s (p_s is initial yield internal pressure) to 0.8 p_s, the number of wrinkles produced on the tube blanks gradually decreases from three to two, and their width increases. When the pressure exceeds p_s, wrinkles cannot be formed on the tube blanks, which will undergo bulging deformation. In the simulation, the wrinkling behavior of the tube blanks does not match the experiment when the Mises yield criterion was used. While using the anisotropic Hill48 yield criterion, the wrinkling trend and development of wrinkles can be well predicted. Furthermore, the wrinkled tubes can be completely flattened under 70 MPa during calibration, and their wall thickness distributions are consistent with the simulation results, with the maximum thinning ratio of the formed components at 6.2%. All of these results provide basic support for manufacturing titanium alloy tubular components with large cross-sectional differences at room temperature using the hydroforming process.

由于钛合金的高强度、低硬化能力和明显的回弹，在室温下进行氢成形是困难的，而在超过500°C的高温条件下，它通常会变形成所需的形状，这增加了工艺的复杂性并提高了成本。本文基于有用皱折的创新思想，采用液压成形法在室温条件下制备了TA18钛合金变径管状构件。结果表明，TA18钛合金管坯具有很强的r形式的正交各向异性，其r形式的各向异性为5.2，在防止过度变薄的同时有利于皱褶的形成。当压力从0.4 ps （ps为初始屈服内压）增加到0.8 ps时，管坯上产生的起皱数从3个逐渐减少到2个，其宽度增加。当压力超过ps时，管坯不能形成起皱，会发生胀形变形。在模拟中，采用Mises屈服准则时管坯的起皱行为与实验结果不符。采用各向异性的Hill48屈服准则，可以很好地预测起皱趋势和皱褶的发展。此外，在70 MPa的压力下，皱管可以完全被压平，其壁厚分布与模拟结果一致，成形部件的最大变薄率为6.2%。这些结果为室温下采用液压成形工艺制造大截面差钛合金管状构件提供了基础支撑。

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引用次数: 0

Hybrid investment casting of Al-Cu-Sc alloy-based lattice structures: Material and process characterization 基于Al-Cu-Sc合金晶格结构的混合熔模铸造：材料和工艺表征

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100160

Yifan Li , José Marcelino Dias Filho , Shirin Dehgahi , Sajid Ullah Butt , Hani Henein , Ahmed Jawad Qureshi

This paper characterizes the development and optimization of a hybrid investment casting approach tailored for accurately crafting lattice structures with Al-4.5 wt pct Cu-0.4 wt pct Sc alloy, emphasizing precision in mold making, complex surface detailing, and porosity reduction. The core of the research is the description of the manufacturing procedure and the dimensional optimization strategies associated with this hybrid cast lattice geometries. After exploring the lattice shape produced through this advanced casting method, this research explores the microstructural properties and the solidification cooling rate of this hybrid investment casting. Furthermore, this work also addresses the complexity of the manufacturing protocol and the dimensional refinement method.

本文描述了一种混合熔模铸造方法的开发和优化，该方法专为精确制作Al-4.5 wt pct Cu-0.4 wt pct Sc合金的晶格结构而设计，强调模具制造的精度，复杂的表面细节和减少孔隙率。研究的核心是制造工艺的描述和尺寸优化策略与这种混合铸点阵几何。在探索了这种先进铸造方法产生的晶格形状之后，本研究探索了这种混合熔模铸件的显微组织性能和凝固冷却速度。此外，本工作还解决了制造协议的复杂性和尺寸细化方法。

引用次数: 0

3D-printed motorcycle seats: Replicating polymer foam performance for rapid prototyping and rider comfort 3d打印摩托车座椅：复制快速原型和骑手舒适度的聚合物泡沫性能

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100158

Andrea Montalti, Patrich Ferretti, Fiammetta Spano, Alfredo Liverani

The development of prototypes prior to the market launch of final products requires adapting production components to reduce costs and increase flexibility for potential modifications. While the manufacturing of rigid or structural components is well-established and widely practiced, the production of expanded materials presents significantly greater challenges due to the final product's reliance on the specific process employed. Changing the process to lower costs necessitates reproducing the same mechanical behaviour and appearance to ensure validation in terms of both style and function. This study focuses on replicating the behaviour of expanded polyurethane foam, commonly used in motorcycle seat padding, using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The aim is to create a prototype or a customised version of the foam. The internal stochastic closed-cell structure is designed using slicing software, and test specimens are subsequently fabricated through Material Extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing and subjected to compression testing. The results emphasise the critical influence of material hardness and infill density on the force-displacement curves. An experimental map, derived from three parameters (material hardness, elastic modulus, and foam density) illustrates the behaviour of the specimens, with iso-lines representing constant density. This map serves as a valuable tool for accurately replicating desired foam properties, providing guidance on material selection based on force-displacement characteristics.

在最终产品投放市场之前，原型的开发需要调整生产组件，以降低成本并增加潜在修改的灵活性。虽然刚性或结构部件的制造已经建立并广泛实践，但由于最终产品依赖于所采用的特定工艺，膨胀材料的生产面临着更大的挑战。改变工艺以降低成本需要重现相同的机械行为和外观，以确保在风格和功能方面的有效性。本研究的重点是复制的行为膨胀聚氨酯泡沫，通常用于摩托车座椅填充物，使用热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）。目的是创建一个原型或定制版本的泡沫。使用切片软件设计内部随机闭孔结构，随后通过材料挤压（MEX）增材制造制作试件并进行压缩测试。结果强调了材料硬度和填充密度对力-位移曲线的重要影响。由三个参数（材料硬度、弹性模量和泡沫密度）导出的实验图说明了试样的行为，等高线表示恒定密度。这张图是一个有价值的工具，可以准确地复制所需的泡沫特性，为基于力-位移特性的材料选择提供指导。

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引用次数: 0

Manufacturing of irregular shapes through force control in incremental sheet forming with active medium 在有源介质的增量板料成形中，通过力控制制造不规则形状

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100157

Sebastian Thiery , Mazhar Zein El Abdine , Jens Heger , Noomane Ben Khalifa

Convex shapes can be created in incremental sheet forming by supporting the workpiece with the pressure of an active medium. In this paper, a method is presented for creating irregular convex shapes by adjusting the pressure to control the forming forces. At first, the general characteristics of the forming forces in incremental sheet forming with active medium (IFAM) are investigated based on a truncated pyramid and a truncated cone. The findings show that the pressure has to be adapted for each contour of the toolpath to achieve a specific wall angle. However, this strategy cannot be applied for an irregular shape consisting of half a truncated pyramid and half a truncated cone since the forming forces fluctuate over one contour. To enhance the control approach, a data set is subsequently generated by recording the forming forces under the influence of the wall angle. The data analysis reveals a strong correlation between the height difference per contour and the tangential force. Finally, a control concept is proposed to adjust the tangential force and is subsequently validated on the irregular-shaped part. The results prove that irregular shapes require a sophisticated control of the forming forces to increase the geometrical accuracy.

凸形状可以创建在增量板成形通过支持工件的压力的有效介质。本文提出了一种通过调节压力来控制成形力的方法。首先，研究了基于截顶锥体和截顶锥体的主动介质增量板料成形力的一般特征。研究结果表明，为了达到特定的壁角，必须对工具路径的每个轮廓进行压力调整。然而，由于成形力在一个轮廓上波动，这种策略不能应用于由半截锥体和半截锥体组成的不规则形状。为了增强控制方法，随后通过记录壁角影响下的成形力生成数据集。数据分析表明，每个轮廓的高度差与切向力之间存在很强的相关性。最后，提出了一种切向力调节的控制概念，并在异形零件上进行了验证。结果表明，不规则形状需要精密的成形力控制来提高几何精度。

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引用次数: 0

Analytical criterion to prevent thermal overshoot during dynamic curing of thick composite laminates 厚复合材料层合板动态固化过程中防止热超调的分析准则

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2024.100156

Jordi Farjas , José Antonio González , Daniel Sánchez-Rodríguez , Norbert Blanco , Marc Gascons , Josep Costa

Local overheating during curing of thermosetting resins is likely to occur for thick laminates or during fast curing. Overheating may lead to heterogeneous mechanical properties along the laminate thickness or even to an uncontrolled reaction. To avoid overheating, most thermoset resin manufacturers recommend a “safe” cure cycle. However, these cure cycles can be improved to shorten cure times in thin laminates and may not be good enough to avoid overheating in thick laminates. In this paper, we propose a new analytical model to determine the critical thickness above which thermal runaway occurs when the laminate is heated at a constant rate up to a constant temperature. The model considers different thermal boundaries between the mould and the laminate, i.e., from a perfect thermal contact to a contact of infinite resistance. The analytical model was corroborated through the numerical integration of the equations governing it and experimental data from the curing process of a thick laminate composed of the commercial VTC401 epoxy resin and M55J carbon fiber system. Model predictions indicate that, under the manufacturer's recommended cure cycle, which includes an initial heating rate of 2 K/min, thermal runaway occurs in laminates thicker than 12.4 mm, aligning with experimental observations. A 20-mm-thick laminate, exceeding this threshold, was cured using a reduced heating rate of 0.3 K/min based on our criteria, successfully preventing overheating. The maximum temperature gradient recorded experimentally remained below 1 °C, confirming the model's prediction of uniform thermalization.

热固性树脂在固化过程中的局部过热很可能发生在厚层板或在快速固化过程中。过热可能导致沿层压板厚度的机械性能不均匀，甚至导致不受控制的反应。为了避免过热，大多数热固性树脂制造商推荐一个“安全”的固化周期。然而，这些固化周期可以改进，以缩短薄层板的固化时间，而在厚层板中可能不足以避免过热。在本文中，我们提出了一个新的分析模型来确定当层压板以恒定速率加热到恒定温度时发生热失控的临界厚度。该模型考虑了模具和层压板之间的不同热边界，即从完美的热接触到无限电阻的接触。通过对VTC401环氧树脂与M55J碳纤维复合材料的厚层板固化过程进行数值积分，验证了该分析模型的有效性。模型预测表明，在制造商推荐的固化周期下，初始加热速率为2 K/min，厚度大于12.4 mm的层压板会发生热失控，这与实验观察结果一致。超过这个阈值的20mm厚层压板，根据我们的标准，使用0.3 K/min的加热速率进行固化，成功地防止了过热。实验记录的最大温度梯度保持在1°C以下，证实了模型对均匀热化的预测。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation on micro-EDM hybrid drilling process 微型-EDM 混合钻孔工艺的实验研究

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2024.100155

C. Ravasio, G. Pellegrini

Micro-EDM drilling is highly appreciated to produce micro-holes on any type of conductive material. Several industrial fields use this technology thanks to its capability to realize very accurate machining. A greater use of micro-EDM drilling process is limited by its poor performance in terms of machining time. To overcome this limit, hybrid solutions are being tested. The idea consists of benefitting from the advantages of at least two technologies trying to overcome the limitation of each one of them. Typically, EDM is used as secondary operation and the process consists of executing the micro-hole on a pre-hole realized by another process like laser. In this way, both the process performance and the quality aspects are guaranteed. Aim of this work is the investigation of the behaviour of the micro-EDM drilling on a pre-hole. In fact, the presence of a pre-hole changes deeply the machining conditions especially in terms of the dielectric flushing. In order to understand how the pre-hole changes the performance of the EDM drilling process, several aspects were investigated: the effects of the diameter of the pre-hole, the behaviour of the type of electrode, the influence of the accuracy of centring operation on the pre-hole and the hole depth. Titanium alloy sheets were used to execute final hole using electrode diameter of 0.3 mm. The process was evaluated considering both the process performance and the accuracy of the machining. The study of the law of electrode motion along its Z axis was also used to gather process information. In general, working with pre-holes yields much better performances than traditional EDM drilling thanks to different level of debris contamination in the machining zone. It was found that increasing the dimension of the pre-hole, the Material Removal Rate undergoes little changes. The electrode type (cylinder or tubular) on the pre-hole does not have evident effects on the process performance but only on the geometrical characteristics. The misalignment of the final hole on the pre-hole can improve the debris flow making the process more efficient but only when a part of the pre-hole lays outside the final hole. Within the limit of this experiments, the hole depth does not affect the presented results.

微电火花钻孔技术可在任何类型的导电材料上钻出微孔，因此备受青睐。由于该技术能够实现非常精确的加工，一些工业领域都在使用这种技术。但由于其在加工时间方面的性能较差，微电火花钻孔工艺的更广泛应用受到了限制。为了克服这一限制，目前正在测试混合解决方案。混合方案的理念是利用至少两种技术的优势，克服每种技术的局限性。通常情况下，电火花加工（EDM）被用作辅助操作，加工过程包括在激光等其他工艺实现的预孔上加工微孔。这样，工艺性能和质量都能得到保证。这项工作的目的是研究在预孔上进行微电火花钻孔的行为。事实上，预孔的存在极大地改变了加工条件，尤其是在电介质冲洗方面。为了了解预孔如何改变放电加工钻孔过程的性能，我们从几个方面进行了研究：预孔直径的影响、电极类型的作用、定心操作精度对预孔和孔深的影响。使用直径为 0.3 毫米的电极对钛合金板进行最终孔加工。对该工艺进行了工艺性能和加工精度评估。对电极沿 Z 轴运动规律的研究也用于收集工艺信息。总的来说，由于加工区的碎片污染程度不同，使用预孔加工比传统电火花钻孔加工的性能要好得多。研究发现，增加预孔的尺寸，材料去除率变化不大。预孔上的电极类型（圆柱形或管状）对加工性能没有明显影响，只是对几何特征有影响。最终孔与预孔的错位可以改善碎片流，提高工艺效率，但仅限于预孔的一部分位于最终孔之外的情况。在本实验范围内，孔的深度不会影响实验结果。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of graphene nanoparticles on DLP-printed parts' mechanical behavior 石墨烯纳米颗粒对 DLP 印刷部件机械性能的影响

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2024.100153

Md Imran Hossain , Ola L.A. Harrysson , Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury , Nayem Hossain

Digital Light Processing (DLP) is one of the most promising techniques among the additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for polymer resin. The polymer parts produced through this technique demonstrate a diverse range of characteristics that can be specifically designed for various fields of application. Specific attributes can be attained by utilizing polymer composites composed of multiple materials in numerous ratios. This research delves into evaluating and comparing different properties, including microstructure, surface texture, and mechanical behavior, of resin-based polymer composites fabricated using the DLP 3D printing technology. To achieve this, specimens have been printed using photopolymer resin as the base material, with varying percentages of graphene nanoparticles added to the resin. Tensile tests and particle analysis based on optical microscope images validate that optimizing parameters, especially the energy setting of the printer, significantly impact the printed samples' strength, surface texture, layering, and microstructure. The findings indicate that at a specific percentage of graphene, such as 0.5%, there is an increase in tensile strength by 38.1%, Young's modulus by 54.7%, and Yield strength by 11.2%, accompanied by an improved surface roughness. A graphene concentration of 0.75% results in diminished tensile strength, yield strength, and Young's modulus. The significance of fine-tuning printing parameters to achieve desired properties in resin-based polymer composites manufactured via 3D printing is highlighted.

数字光处理（DLP）是聚合物树脂增材制造（AM）技术中最有前途的技术之一。通过这种技术生产出的聚合物部件具有多种特性，可针对不同的应用领域进行专门设计。利用由多种材料按不同比例组成的聚合物复合材料可以获得特定的属性。本研究旨在评估和比较使用 DLP 3D 打印技术制造的树脂基聚合物复合材料的不同特性，包括微观结构、表面纹理和机械性能。为此，我们使用感光树脂作为基础材料，在树脂中添加不同比例的石墨烯纳米颗粒，打印出试样。拉伸试验和基于光学显微镜图像的颗粒分析证实，优化参数，尤其是打印机的能量设置，会对打印样品的强度、表面纹理、分层和微观结构产生显著影响。研究结果表明，在特定的石墨烯比例（如 0.5%）下，拉伸强度提高了 38.1%，杨氏模量提高了 54.7%，屈服强度提高了 11.2%，同时表面粗糙度也有所改善。石墨烯浓度为 0.75% 会导致拉伸强度、屈服强度和杨氏模量降低。微调打印参数对通过三维打印技术制造的树脂基聚合物复合材料实现理想性能的重要意义由此凸显。

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引用次数: 0