Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering最新文献_第2页

Archetypes of assistance systems and their impacts on manufacturing performance and job quality 辅助系统的原型及其对制造性能和工作质量的影响

IF 6 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100173

Koen Nijland , Aijse de Vries , Paul Preenen , Sri Kolla , Sebastian Thiede

As workplaces become increasingly complex, manufacturing companies must adopt technologies that not only fulfill customer requirements but also prioritize high-quality jobs for production workers. Assistance systems are gaining popularity because they can enhance manufacturing performance and support sufficient job quality. However, there is a lack of detailed insights into the application-specific impact of the systems. This study classifies the use of assistance systems in manufacturing, deriving characteristic archetypes and mapping their impacts through a systematic review of existing literature. Analyzing 56 cases from 40 studies using descriptive and cluster analysis, four main archetypes are identified: (1) manually operated physical execution support for routine assembly tasks, (2) automatically operated and adaptable visual task guidance for routine assembly tasks, (3) automatically operated and adaptive visual support for non-routine diagnostics tasks, and (4) automatically operated and adaptive physical execution support for routine assembly. Findings suggest that these archetypes offer potential benefits and risks for job quality and manufacturing performance. However, their successful use requires careful consideration of role division, task execution capabilities, task support capabilities, and long-term impacts. The current literature on assistance systems needs more longitudinal empirical studies to provide clear guidance for both researchers and industry practitioners.

随着工作场所变得越来越复杂，制造企业必须采用技术，不仅要满足客户的需求，还要优先考虑为生产工人提供高质量的工作。辅助系统越来越受欢迎，因为它们可以提高制造性能并支持足够的工作质量。然而，缺乏对系统特定于应用程序的影响的详细了解。本研究通过对现有文献的系统回顾，对制造业中辅助系统的使用进行分类，得出特征原型并绘制其影响图。采用描述分析和聚类分析方法对40项研究中的56个案例进行分析，确定了4种主要原型：(1)常规装配任务的手动操作物理执行支持，(2)常规装配任务的自动操作和适应性视觉任务指导，(3)非常规诊断任务的自动操作和自适应视觉支持，以及(4)常规装配的自动操作和自适应物理执行支持。研究结果表明，这些原型为工作质量和制造性能提供了潜在的利益和风险。然而，它们的成功使用需要仔细考虑角色划分、任务执行能力、任务支持能力和长期影响。目前关于辅助系统的文献需要更多的纵向实证研究，为研究者和行业从业者提供明确的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Hardfacing on high-strength steels: Properties of multiple times heated heat-affected zones 高强度钢堆焊：多次加热热影响区的性能

IF 6 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100172

Ákos Meilinger, Gábor Terdik

The use of high-strength steels as base materials for hardfacing is becoming increasingly important, particularly in applications subjected to frequent dynamic loads (e.g., demolition shears). The heat-affected zone (HAZ) of hardfaced components is significantly more complex than that in conventional welded joints. Adjacent hardfacing layers lead to the formation of HAZ subzones that undergo multiple thermal cycles, and these zones have not been thoroughly investigated before. High-strength steels are more sensitive to thermal cycles, and the properties of the HAZ subzones fundamentally determine the load-bearing capacity of hardfaced parts. In this study, S690QL, S960QL, and S1100QL base materials were used. Hardness testing identified the subzones subjected to three thermal cycles as the most critical. These specific subzones were reproduced using a Gleeble physical simulator by applying three successive thermal cycles. Instrumented impact tests were performed on the simulated specimens, and the results were analyzed statistically. Fractographic analysis was also conducted, revealing clear differences between fractured specimens through quantitative evaluation. For S690QL, the impact properties of the critical subzones did not show significant changes. In contrast, for S960QL, the subzones exposed to three thermal cycles demonstrated improved impact energy with reduced impact force. Surprisingly, the HAZ subzones of S1100QL exhibited impact energies more than three times higher than those of the base material. These results clearly indicate that the subzones subjected to three thermal cycles are softer, yet their impact properties are equal to or better than those of the base material.

使用高强度钢作为堆焊的基础材料正变得越来越重要，特别是在经常受到动态载荷的应用中（例如，拆卸剪）。表面焊件的热影响区比传统焊接接头的热影响区复杂得多。相邻堆焊层导致热影响区亚区形成，这些区域经历了多次热循环，而这些区域以前没有被彻底研究过。高强钢对热循环更为敏感，热影响区分区的性能从根本上决定了硬面件的承载能力。本研究采用S690QL、S960QL和S1100QL基材。硬度测试确定经受三次热循环的亚区是最关键的。使用Gleeble物理模拟器通过施加三个连续的热循环来重现这些特定的亚层。对模拟试样进行了仪器冲击试验，并对试验结果进行了统计分析。同时进行了断口分析，通过定量评价揭示了断裂试样之间的明显差异。对于S690QL，关键分区的冲击性能没有明显变化。相比之下，对于S960QL，暴露于三个热循环的亚区显示出提高的冲击能量和降低的冲击力。令人惊讶的是，S1100QL的热影响区表现出的冲击能比基材高3倍以上。这些结果清楚地表明，经过三次热循环的亚区更柔软，但其冲击性能等于或优于基材。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of sheet formability limits using a novel diagonal-cruciform test specimen 用一种新型的对角-十字形试样表征板材的成形性极限

IF 6 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100171

Rui F.V. Sampaio , Eduardo B.G. Dias , João M.A. Viegas , João P.M. Pragana , Ivo M.F. Bragança , Carlos M.A. Silva , Paulo A.F. Martins

This paper introduces an innovative diagonal-cruciform test specimen that significantly enhances the characterization of formability limits in sheet metal forming. The specimen's unique design features a reticular two-dimensional geometric structure, with four triangular arms connecting at the center, which effectively induce biaxial tension stress states when subjected to uniaxial loading. Furthermore, the incorporation of machined spherical cups at its center to locally reduce thickness ensures that damage accumulates in this region. Experimental strain loading paths are captured using digital image correlation (DIC) and analyzed with in-house software developed specifically for research and education on material formability. The software identifies and plots the onsets of necking and fracture in principal strain space, and results prove that the diagonal-cruciform specimen is highly effective in generating stable biaxial tension strain loading paths in C11000 copper sheets, operating under friction-independent conditions without the necessity for specialized testing equipment. The fracture limits are subsequently validated by comparing them against the strain loading paths obtained from a single-point incremental sheet-formed part up to failure. The investigation confirms the versatility and robustness of the novel diagonal-cruciform test specimen for evaluating the formability of C11000 copper sheets and provides valuable insights into its potential application across the broader field of sheet formability characterization.

本文介绍了一种创新的对角-十字形试样，显著提高了板料成形极限的表征。试件独特的设计特点是网状的二维几何结构，四个三角形臂在中心连接，在单轴加载时有效地诱导双轴拉伸应力状态。此外，在其中心加入加工球形杯以局部减少厚度，确保了该区域的损伤积累。使用数字图像相关（DIC）捕获实验应变加载路径，并使用专门用于材料成形性研究和教育的内部软件进行分析。该软件在主应变空间中识别并绘制了颈缩和断裂的起始点，结果证明，对角-十字形试样在C11000铜片中产生稳定的双轴拉伸应变加载路径是非常有效的，在不依赖摩擦的条件下运行，无需专门的测试设备。随后，通过将断裂极限与单点增量薄板成形部件直至失效的应变加载路径进行比较，验证断裂极限。该研究证实了用于评估C11000铜片可成形性的新型对角-十字形试样的通用性和稳健性，并为其在更广泛的板材可成形性表征领域的潜在应用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive pore defect analysis for electron beam-powder bed fusion of Ti48Al2Cr2Nb 电子束-粉末床熔合Ti48Al2Cr2Nb的孔隙缺陷综合分析

IF 6 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100170

Tomisin Ayeni , Paria Karimi , Mohsen K. Keshavarz , Esmaeil Sadeghi , Mahdi Habibnejad-korayem , Mihaela Vlasea

The process-microstructure relationship of gamma-titanium aluminide (Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb) parts fabricated via electron beam-powder bed fusion (PBF-EB) process was investigated. A set of 107 records of process parameter combinations were deployed to analyze and classify relative density, lack-of-fusion (LoF) and Gas porosity defects. The bulk density ranges spanned 88 %–99.99 %, with Gas porosity spanning 0.01 %–0.30 %, and lack-of-fusion defects spanning 0.001 %–12 %. Based on literature pertaining to defects addressable via hot isostatic pressing, four classes of density performance were identified: excellent (>99.8 %), good (99.6–99.8 %), poor (98.0–99.6 %), and failed (<98.0 %). For the purpose of this study, a high density outcome (excellent class) is identified to be ideal in terms of expected mechanical properties, specifically strength, fatigue, and ductility. Pore properties were mapped against different energy representations, for example, volumetric energy density (VED) and normalized enthalpy (NE). The results showed the importance of utilizing NE to visualize data and identify zones in the process parameter space where best performance is expected. A region of NE > 15 is expected to have an excellent performance, whereas NE < 10 is expected to result in unacceptable porosity outcomes.

研究了电子束-粉末床熔合（PBF-EB）法制备γ -钛铝（Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb）零件的工艺-微观结构关系。利用107条工艺参数组合记录，对相对密度、熔合不足（LoF）和气体孔隙度缺陷进行分析和分类。体积密度范围为88% - 99.99%，气体孔隙度范围为0.01% - 0.30%，缺乏熔合缺陷范围为0.001 % - 12%。根据有关通过热等静压可解决的缺陷的文献，确定了四类密度性能：优秀（99.8%），良好（99.6 - 99.8%），差（98.0 - 99.6%）和不合格（98.0%）。为了本研究的目的，高密度的结果（优异级）被认为是理想的，就预期的机械性能而言，特别是强度，疲劳和延展性。孔隙性质根据不同的能量表示进行映射，例如，体积能量密度（VED）和归一化焓（NE）。结果显示了利用NE可视化数据和识别过程参数空间中预期最佳性能的区域的重要性。NE >； 15层的储层预计具有优异的性能，而NE >； 10层的储层预计将产生不可接受的孔隙度。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of process parameter variations and heat treatment effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 fabricated by laser powder directed energy deposition (LP-DED) 工艺参数变化及热处理对激光粉末定向能沉积（LP-DED）制备Inconel 718显微组织和力学性能的影响

IF 6 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100169

Dana Godinez , Anannya Doris , Edel Arrieta , Lawrence E. Murr , Colton Katsarelis , Paul R. Gradl , Amit J. Lopes , Francisco Medina

This study investigates the influence of laser power and subsequent heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Inconel 718 specimens fabricated via Laser Powder Directed Energy Deposition (LP-DED). Five sets of samples, produced using laser power ranging from 350 W to 2620 W, were subjected to a standardized heat treatment process comprising stress relief, hot isostatic pressing (HIP), solution treatment, and two-step aging. The evolution of the microstructure at each heat treatment stage was characterized in correlation with hardness, tensile properties, and fatigue life. Results demonstrate that complete heat treatment homogenizes and refines the microstructure, transitioning from dendritic to an austenitic structure with annealing twins, leading to an increase in hardness. Additionally, despite variations in printing parameters, mechanical properties such as tensile strength and fatigue resistance remained consistent. This study reveals that specimens fabricated at 350 W exhibited the finest microstructure, yielding overall superior mechanical properties. These findings contribute to the optimization of post-processing methodologies for LP-DED-manufactured Inconel 718 components, particularly for aerospace applications.

研究了激光功率和后续热处理对激光粉末定向能沉积法（LP-DED）制备的Inconel 718显微组织和力学性能的影响。使用350 W至2620 W的激光功率生产的五组样品进行了标准化热处理工艺，包括应力消除，热等静压（HIP），固溶处理和两步时效。各热处理阶段显微组织的演变特征与硬度、拉伸性能和疲劳寿命相关。结果表明，完全热处理使组织均匀化和细化，从枝晶组织转变为具有退火孪晶的奥氏体组织，导致硬度提高。此外，尽管打印参数有所不同，但拉伸强度和抗疲劳性等机械性能保持一致。该研究表明，在350 W下制备的样品具有最精细的微观结构，具有整体优异的力学性能。这些发现有助于优化lp - d制造的Inconel 718组件的后处理方法，特别是用于航空航天应用。

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引用次数: 0

Predictive processing maps for laser-powder bed fusion using transfer learning and melt pool geometry 使用迁移学习和熔池几何的激光粉末床熔合预测加工图

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100168

F. Bahari-Sambran , A. Orozco-Caballero , F. Carreño , C.M. Cepeda-Jiménez

This study explores the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) and transfer learning (TL) to develop processing maps that guide defect-free manufacturing of as-built L-PBF aluminum (AlSi10Mg) and stainless steel (SS316L) specimens. The complex non-linear relationships between processing parameters and the thermal properties of the materials, which influence melt pool development, highlight the need for machine learning (ML) tools to achieve high-quality processability in a cost-effective manner. Commercial AlSi10Mg and SS316L powders were processed using L-PBF, resulting in various types of porosity, such as keyhole and lack-of-fusion defects, under different processing conditions. We first characterized the bulk density and melt pool features (width and depth) through optical microscopy and image analysis. Next, we trained ANN base models using data from existing literature to predict the bulk density and melt pool geometries of the as-built samples. Finally, we refined these models with our experimental data after transferring the base models. The results indicate that our proposed models and TL methodology effectively predict processing maps, identify optimal processing parameters for maximum density, and establish the threshold for lack-of-fusion porosity.

本研究探索了人工神经网络（ANN）和迁移学习（TL）的使用，以开发加工图，指导成品L-PBF铝（AlSi10Mg）和不锈钢（SS316L）样品的无缺陷制造。加工参数与材料热性能之间复杂的非线性关系会影响熔池的发展，这凸显了机器学习（ML）工具以经济有效的方式实现高质量可加工性的必要性。商用AlSi10Mg和SS316L粉末采用L-PBF进行加工，在不同的加工条件下会产生不同类型的孔隙，如钥匙孔和未熔合缺陷。我们首先通过光学显微镜和图像分析表征了体积密度和熔池特征（宽度和深度）。接下来，我们使用现有文献中的数据训练人工神经网络基础模型来预测建成样品的体积密度和熔池几何形状。最后，在基础模型的基础上，利用实验数据对模型进行了细化。结果表明，我们提出的模型和TL方法有效地预测了加工图，确定了最大密度的最佳加工参数，并建立了缺乏融合孔隙率的阈值。

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引用次数: 0

Implementation and evaluation of an Augmented Reality framework for sustainable practices in Industry 5.0 工业5.0中可持续实践的增强现实框架的实施和评估

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100166

Andrea Rega , Francesco Giuseppe Ciampi , Alessandro Zanella , Abdelgafar Ismail , Stanislao Patalano

Industry 5.0 requires practical methods to translate Augmented Reality (AR) concepts into effective shop floor applications, demonstrating their value to operators. This study introduces a framework for implementing and validating Augmented Reality (AR)-based tools designed to enhance sustainability awareness and assist operators in energy management within industrial settings. The approach combines a reference software architecture for rapid AR deployment with a three-part user-experience assessment, measuring usability (System Usability Scale - SUS), technology acceptance (Technology Acceptance Model - TAM), and cognitive workload (NASA-TLX). To test this framework, an AR-based prototype tool was deployed on enterprise smartphones and evaluated in three scenarios: monitoring service-utility energy consumption, monitoring production equipment, and conducting on- and off-the-job training of the operators. Thirty shop floor professionals completed tasks and provided UX feedback. The results showed good usability (mean SUS 78.4/100), with perceived ease of use and contextual relevance driving technology acceptance. Moreover Nasa TLX analysis indicates mental demand as the predominant factor. The findings confirm that the framework enables effective, human-centered AR deployments in modern industry and provides concrete design guidelines for future implementations.

工业5.0需要实用的方法将增强现实（AR）概念转化为有效的车间应用，向操作员展示其价值。本研究介绍了一个框架，用于实施和验证基于增强现实（AR）的工具，旨在提高可持续性意识，并帮助运营商在工业环境中进行能源管理。该方法将用于快速AR部署的参考软件架构与三部分用户体验评估相结合，测量可用性（系统可用性量表- SUS）、技术接受度（技术接受模型- TAM）和认知工作量（NASA-TLX）。为了测试该框架，在企业智能手机上部署了基于ar的原型工具，并在三种场景下进行了评估：监测服务公用事业能耗，监测生产设备，以及对操作员进行在职和脱产培训。30名车间专业人员完成任务并提供用户体验反馈。结果显示了良好的可用性（平均SUS 78.4/100），易用性和上下文相关性驱动技术接受度。此外，Nasa TLX分析表明，心理需求是主要因素。研究结果证实，该框架能够在现代工业中实现有效的、以人为本的AR部署，并为未来的实施提供具体的设计指南。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the influence of substrate preheating and deposition environment on the structural integrity of high carbon steel LMD parts of increased geometrical complexity 基体预热和沉积环境对几何复杂度增加的高碳钢LMD零件结构完整性影响的研究

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100167

Federico Mazzucato, Anna Valente

Laser Metal Deposition is finding growing industrial attractiveness thanks to its unique capability to locally restore worn metal components. In recent years, the industry is focusing on the application of metal Additive Manufacturing for the restoration of moulds and dies to improve process efficiency by reducing machine downtime and spare parts storage expenses. Although mould repair proved to be a cost-effective technological solution, the restoration of geometrically complex high carbon steel alloys through laser-based Additive Manufacturing still presents criticalities due to the low material weldability, high material oxygen reactivity, and high residual stresses generated by thermal cycling. This research work aims to analyse the influence of substrate preheating and the building environment on the structural integrity of steel specimens exhibiting 0.85 % carbon content and implementing geometrical features which are generally critical to restore by laser-based processes since they behave as thermal stress concentration. The performed preliminary observations highlight no delamination and no oxide regardless of process conditions. High-density (99.99 %) and crack-free high carbon steel depositions are achieved by reducing melt pool cooling rates during part manufacturing as a result of the increased environmental temperature surrounding the as-deposited material. Metallographic analysis demonstrates that carbide size decreases as cooling rates increase.

激光金属沉积由于其独特的局部修复磨损金属部件的能力，正在发现越来越多的工业吸引力。近年来，业界重点关注金属增材制造在模具修复中的应用，通过减少机器停机时间和备件存储费用来提高工艺效率。尽管模具修复被证明是一种具有成本效益的技术解决方案，但由于材料可焊性低、材料氧反应性高以及热循环产生的高残余应力，通过基于激光的增材制造修复几何复杂的高碳钢合金仍然存在关键问题。本研究工作旨在分析基材预热和建筑环境对碳含量为0.85%的钢试件结构完整性的影响，并实现几何特征，这些特征通常对通过基于激光的工艺恢复至关重要，因为它们表现为热应力集中。所进行的初步观察强调，无论工艺条件如何，都没有分层和氧化。高密度（99.99%）和无裂纹的高碳钢沉积是通过在零件制造过程中降低熔池冷却速率来实现的，因为沉积材料周围的环境温度升高了。金相分析表明，随着冷却速率的增加，碳化物尺寸减小。

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引用次数: 0

Performance of new cutting tool multilayer coatings for machining Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy under cryogenic cooling conditions 低温冷却条件下加工Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的新型刀具多层涂层性能

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100165

Y. Zhang , J.C. Outeiro , C. Nouveau , B. Marcon , L.A. Denguir

Cr/CrN/AlCrN multilayer coatings were recently developed to meet the high challenges of machining Ti-6Al-4V alloy under cryogenic cooling conditions. The multilayer coatings were optimized by multiple deposition conditions and were characterized by multi-methods. It was proved that they are suitable for tribological applications with this alloy under extreme conditions. This paper addresses the performance of these coatings through tool wear tests and analysis. This performance was compared with that obtained in standard machining conditions used in the aerospace industry, which include flood metalworking fluids and uncoated cemented carbide tools. The results show that the application of a multilayer coating can improve significantly the tool life under cryogenic cooling conditions compared to the flood conditions. 33 % improvement of tool life was found under cryogenic cooling conditions when comparing this coating to the uncoated one. A statistical analysis shows a strong correlation between tool wear and the machining forces. This analysis also permitted to build models for predicting tool wear in function of measured forces.

Cr/CrN/AlCrN多层涂层是近年来为满足Ti-6Al-4V合金在低温冷却条件下加工的高要求而开发的。通过多种沉积条件对多层涂层进行了优化，并采用多种方法对其进行了表征。实验证明，它们适用于这种合金在极端条件下的摩擦学应用。本文通过刀具磨损试验和分析，探讨了这些涂层的性能。将该性能与航空航天工业中使用的标准加工条件（包括泛金属加工液和未涂层硬质合金刀具）进行了比较。结果表明，在低温冷却条件下，采用多层涂层可显著提高刀具的使用寿命。在低温冷却条件下，该涂层与未涂层相比，刀具寿命提高了33%。统计分析表明刀具磨损与加工力之间有很强的相关性。这种分析也允许建立模型，预测工具磨损的功能测量力。

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引用次数: 0

Toward generalizable machine learning prediction of downskin surface roughness in laser powder bed fusion 激光粉末床熔合中下皮表面粗糙度的广义机器学习预测

IF 3.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aime.2025.100163

Jigar Patel, Mihaela Vlasea, Sagar Patel

Downskin surface quality of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) remains a challenge due to the complex, multi-scale physics governing it. While numerical or experimental approaches alone can be significantly resource intensive, data-driven approaches such as machine learning (ML) have the potential to be more practical. However, the generalizability of ML models currently reported in literature is unclear; few ML models can predict reliably outside of their training domain. This study addresses these challenges by (i) demonstrating a downskin surface roughness classification model, trained on the largest reported dataset for downskin roughness (

\sim

400 downskin specimens spanning five builds and two ferrous alloys) and (ii) conducting a thorough investigation of the model’s generalizability. Additionally, this study highlights critical issues such as data imbalance, generalization to unseen data, and the importance of rigorous evaluation. By implementing robust ML practices, we focused on model performance across different training and evaluation domains. Our findings indicate satisfactory performance when using the more conservative balanced accuracy metric, achieving about 95% inter-domain and 83% intra-domain accuracy. Although there is still room for improvement, these results demonstrate a significant reduction in the risk of overfitting, thereby enhancing the classifier’s generalizability. This work underscores the importance of methodological rigor in machine learning applications, advocating for greater attention to data treatment and evaluation strategies. This approach may ultimately lead to more effective and usable ML models. The data-centric results indicated that (i) physics-informed features can improve performance during domain shifts, and (ii) increased the size and variety of datasets allows even computationally light models to achieve favorable performance.

由于控制激光粉末床熔合（L-PBF）的复杂、多尺度物理特性，下皮表面质量一直是一个挑战。虽然单独的数值或实验方法可能会占用大量资源，但数据驱动的方法（如机器学习（ML））有可能更加实用。然而，目前文献中报道的ML模型的泛化性尚不清楚；很少有机器学习模型可以可靠地预测其训练域之外的情况。本研究通过以下方式解决了这些挑战：(i)展示了一个下表层表面粗糙度分类模型，该模型在最大的下表层粗糙度报告数据集上进行了训练（约400个下表层样本，跨越五种建筑和两种黑色合金），（ii）对模型的可泛化性进行了彻底的调查。此外，本研究强调了关键问题，如数据不平衡、对未见数据的概化以及严格评估的重要性。通过实现健壮的机器学习实践，我们专注于不同训练和评估领域的模型性能。我们的研究结果表明，当使用更保守的平衡精度度量时，性能令人满意，域间精度约为95%，域内精度约为83%。尽管仍有改进的空间，但这些结果表明，过度拟合的风险显著降低，从而增强了分类器的可泛化性。这项工作强调了机器学习应用中方法严谨性的重要性，提倡更多地关注数据处理和评估策略。这种方法可能最终导致更有效和可用的ML模型。以数据为中心的结果表明，(i)物理信息特征可以在域转移期间提高性能，（ii）增加数据集的大小和种类，甚至可以使计算轻的模型获得良好的性能。

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引用次数: 0