This paper deals with structures where Czech modal verbs (muset ‘must’, moci ‘can’, smět ‘be allowed’) combine, at surface, with an adverbial complement and which involve an event of movement to the place denoted by this complement. Since modal verbs normally select a VP complement, the question arises whether these structures contain an elided or a null verb GO, or whether modal verbs here directly select a directional adverbial, whose motion interpretation supplies a ‘missing’ verb of movement. We show in this paper that there is not enough evidence to posit a null lexical verb GO in the structures under discussion. We then argue that these structures are licensed by modality like non-finite or non-sentential whclauses that may also contain a directional adverbial without an overt verb of movement. However, in declarative clauses, which require a verbal head to bear tense and agreement feature and to support the negative prefix ne- expressing sentential negation, the modality must be overtly realized by a modal verb.
{"title":"Non-verbal complements of modal verbs: The case of directional adverbs in Czech","authors":"H. Gruet-Skrabalova","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with structures where Czech modal verbs (muset ‘must’, moci ‘can’, smět ‘be allowed’) combine, at surface, with an adverbial complement and which involve an event of movement to the place denoted by this complement. Since modal verbs normally select a VP complement, the question arises whether these structures contain an elided or a null verb GO, or whether modal verbs here directly select a directional adverbial, whose motion interpretation supplies a ‘missing’ verb of movement. We show in this paper that there is not enough evidence to posit a null lexical verb GO in the structures under discussion. We then argue that these structures are licensed by modality like non-finite or non-sentential whclauses that may also contain a directional adverbial without an overt verb of movement. However, in declarative clauses, which require a verbal head to bear tense and agreement feature and to support the negative prefix ne- expressing sentential negation, the modality must be overtly realized by a modal verb.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122723068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines two sequences which display gapping under two different embedding configurations in English, Spanish and Polish. I claim that the different distribution of the finite complementizer in these configurations and across these three languages provides further evidence for the idea that gapping is not a uniform phenomenon, and that different structures may correlate with different heights at which coordination can take place in gapping.
{"title":"On complementizers and embedded gapping in English, Spanish and Polish","authors":"Javier Fernández-Sánchez","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines two sequences which display gapping under two different embedding configurations in English, Spanish and Polish. I claim that the different distribution of the finite complementizer in these configurations and across these three languages provides further evidence for the idea that gapping is not a uniform phenomenon, and that different structures may correlate with different heights at which coordination can take place in gapping.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130632740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carla Ferrerós Pagès, Francesc Roca Urgell, Marta Vilosa Sánchez
This article describes and compares the way in which definiteness is expressed in Romance (Catalan and Spanish) and some Slavic and Afro-Asian languages. We present some difficulties concerning definite nominal expressions that speakers of Ukrainian, Egyptian Arabic and Amazigh as L1 face when learning Catalan or Spanish as a second language and we show that the acquisition of definite determiners is, in general, problematic regardless of the typological nature of the L1. We also indicate that these difficulties can be related to the emergence of different determiner layers in the higher functional field in the nominal domain during the acquisition process.
{"title":"Definiteness in second language acquisition: Preliminary results regarding Indo-European and Afroasiatic languages","authors":"Carla Ferrerós Pagès, Francesc Roca Urgell, Marta Vilosa Sánchez","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.3.07","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes and compares the way in which definiteness is expressed in Romance (Catalan and Spanish) and some Slavic and Afro-Asian languages. We present some difficulties concerning definite nominal expressions that speakers of Ukrainian, Egyptian Arabic and Amazigh as L1 face when learning Catalan or Spanish as a second language and we show that the acquisition of definite determiners is, in general, problematic regardless of the typological nature of the L1. We also indicate that these difficulties can be related to the emergence of different determiner layers in the higher functional field in the nominal domain during the acquisition process.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130257123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article researches patronymics in a broad sense – taken as components of a proper name that, morphologically, can be decomposed in a first name and a morpheme – with a focus on Spanish and Belarusian – the second conforming to a narrow definition of patronymic, where it is a component of a proper name distinct from both the first name and the surname. Our claim is that patronymics are the syntactic result of combining a first name with relational structure, a PP layer in the case of Spanish, and both a pP and a PP layer in the case of Belarusian. This research will allow us to probe inside the internal structure of complex proper names, including the relation between first name and surname, first name and patronymic, complex first names and complex surnames.
{"title":"The internal structure of proper names: Surnames, patronymics and relational elements","authors":"Antonio Fábregas","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"This article researches patronymics in a broad sense – taken as components of a proper name that, morphologically, can be decomposed in a first name and a morpheme – with a focus on Spanish and Belarusian – the second conforming to a narrow definition of patronymic, where it is a component of a proper name distinct from both the first name and the surname. Our claim is that patronymics are the syntactic result of combining a first name with relational structure, a PP layer in the case of Spanish, and both a pP and a PP layer in the case of Belarusian. This research will allow us to probe inside the internal structure of complex proper names, including the relation between first name and surname, first name and patronymic, complex first names and complex surnames.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129071770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concept of colour occurs in every language of the world, but contrastive research shows that the names of individual colours, functioning in one of the compared languages, do not have unambiguous equivalents in the other. The problems of the linguistic expression of colours in different languages, the history of colour terms, the formation of the semantic field of colour names and the semantics of individual words referring to colours have been investigated by numerous scholars. This paper focuses on analysing the consequences of the different organisation of the semantic field of colour for the translation from one language into another, as well as for foreign language teaching. The consequences presented here concern Polish and German mainly, but other Indo-European languages are also taken into consideration.
{"title":"Coding colours: Differences across languages and their consequences for translation and language teaching","authors":"Marta Bieszk","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of colour occurs in every language of the world, but contrastive research shows that the names of individual colours, functioning in one of the compared languages, do not have unambiguous equivalents in the other. The problems of the linguistic expression of colours in different languages, the history of colour terms, the formation of the semantic field of colour names and the semantics of individual words referring to colours have been investigated by numerous scholars. This paper focuses on analysing the consequences of the different organisation of the semantic field of colour for the translation from one language into another, as well as for foreign language teaching. The consequences presented here concern Polish and German mainly, but other Indo-European languages are also taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117010434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The following article discusses the phenomenon of time with reference to the colour domain. As it has been proved by a number of studies mentioned in the text, the phenomenon of time has been widely analysed from numerous perspectives; yet, the cognitive one is the most prominent and the most significant one for this work. As follows, the key idea for the discussion presented below is centred around the contribution of the colour domain as far as the conceptualisation of time is concerned. In order to prove the role of the colour domain for time conceptualisation, the analysis presented in the article is based on the concept of the future reference, which is exemplified by a comparative study between English and Polish corpus data. The major conclusion from the analysis is that although the colours used for conceptualisation of the future reference are rather limited in their representation, they are still responsible for modifying the qualitative grounds of timenamely they are responsible for introducing axiological aspects of time.
{"title":"Time conceptualisation: A case study of the colourful future","authors":"J. Redzimska","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"The following article discusses the phenomenon of time with reference to the colour domain. As it has been proved by a number of studies mentioned in the text, the phenomenon of time has been widely analysed from numerous perspectives; yet, the cognitive one is the most prominent and the most significant one for this work. As follows, the key idea for the discussion presented below is centred around the contribution of the colour domain as far as the conceptualisation of time is concerned. In order to prove the role of the colour domain for time conceptualisation, the analysis presented in the article is based on the concept of the future reference, which is exemplified by a comparative study between English and Polish corpus data. The major conclusion from the analysis is that although the colours used for conceptualisation of the future reference are rather limited in their representation, they are still responsible for modifying the qualitative grounds of timenamely they are responsible for introducing axiological aspects of time.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128245743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The following article will attempt to visualise the relationship between Polish and English by presenting selected examples of cognates and doublets (so called ‘etymological twins’, or related words found in one language) in both languages, following their etymology and the semantic and morphological changes to which they were subject. The evolution of the Proto-Indo-European roots *lendh- ‘loin’, *sh2el- ‘salt’ *ph3i- ‘drink’ *seh₁- ‘to impress, insert; to sow, plant’ will be investigated, as well as the morphological and semantic changes the words descending from these roots have undergone, such as the use of metaphor, metonymy, specialisation or generalisation. Doublets and cognates in Polish and English will be presented and described.
{"title":"Polish-English cognates and doublets: Morphosemantic evolution of selected Proto-Indo-European roots into related lexemes in Polish and English","authors":"Weronika Kamola-Uberman","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"The following article will attempt to visualise the relationship between Polish and English by presenting selected examples of cognates and doublets (so called ‘etymological twins’, or related words found in one language) in both languages, following their etymology and the semantic and morphological changes to which they were subject. The evolution of the Proto-Indo-European roots *lendh- ‘loin’, *sh2el- ‘salt’ *ph3i- ‘drink’ *seh₁- ‘to impress, insert; to sow, plant’ will be investigated, as well as the morphological and semantic changes the words descending from these roots have undergone, such as the use of metaphor, metonymy, specialisation or generalisation. Doublets and cognates in Polish and English will be presented and described.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129312230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with the grammatical constructions expressing the imperative in Polish with particular focus on the variations used in spoken language. Colloquial Polish often uses structures which could be described as verb + pan/pani! They can be used for any perfective as well as imperfective verb. One of the most popular phrases according to this pattern is the phrase daj pan/pani spokój! Phrasemes of this type are used mostly in slang and are characterised by brevity. The research material consists of two different databases: the National Corpus of Polish as well as the online translator Reverso Context. The article presents a number of difficulties experienced by German and English translators. It also shows why the process of translation is a balancing act between remaining true to the original content on the one hand, and creating a translation complying the requirements of the medium for which the translation is being made, on the other hand.
{"title":"Hybrid imperative forms in Polish: Problems of translations into German and English","authors":"Jadwiga Grunwald","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the grammatical constructions expressing the imperative in Polish with particular focus on the variations used in spoken language. Colloquial Polish often uses structures which could be described as verb + pan/pani! They can be used for any perfective as well as imperfective verb. One of the most popular phrases according to this pattern is the phrase daj pan/pani spokój! Phrasemes of this type are used mostly in slang and are characterised by brevity. The research material consists of two different databases: the National Corpus of Polish as well as the online translator Reverso Context. The article presents a number of difficulties experienced by German and English translators. It also shows why the process of translation is a balancing act between remaining true to the original content on the one hand, and creating a translation complying the requirements of the medium for which the translation is being made, on the other hand.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125716064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper studies the origin of Jewish existence in Iraq by examining Farewell Babylon, written by Naim Kattan, a Jewish Iraqi writer who lives in Canada. In past decades, Jewish communities moved from one location to another as a result of displacement and emigration, thus the Jewish diasporic movements created new territories. This paper explores the sense of doubleness of belonging by investigating a Jewish diaspora . The investigation studies the relationship between home and neighbours in Kattan’s text which focuses on the concepts of belonging, the ‘Self’ and the ‘Other.’ The study of the relationship between Jewish identity and Arab identity in Iraq permits us a wide knowledge of the concept of belonging.
{"title":"The exploration of the doubleness of belonging in Naim Kattan’s \"Farewell Babylon\"","authors":"A. Joudar","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the origin of Jewish existence in Iraq by examining Farewell Babylon, written by Naim Kattan, a Jewish Iraqi writer who lives in Canada. In past decades, Jewish communities moved from one location to another as a result of displacement and emigration, thus the Jewish diasporic movements created new territories. This paper explores the sense of doubleness of belonging by investigating a Jewish diaspora . The investigation studies the relationship between home and neighbours in Kattan’s text which focuses on the concepts of belonging, the ‘Self’ and the ‘Other.’ The study of the relationship between Jewish identity and Arab identity in Iraq permits us a wide knowledge of the concept of belonging.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124339240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper investigates the ways in which hallucinations induced by hallucinogenic drugs with the help of technological devices distort the human perception of reality within the fictional world of Philip K. Dick’s novel, The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch. It also examines how the axiological order of this fictional world is negatively affected by power games played by the main protagonists and how these games refer to Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophical notion of the will to power. By underlining the novel’s narrative intersections between technology and axiology, this paper shows that within The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch the continuity of civilisational development proves to be dystopian in its essence.
{"title":"Philip Kindred Dick’s \"The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch\": The will to power as the axiological source of hallucinogenic and technological dystopia","authors":"Adam Weiss","doi":"10.26881/bp.2021.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26881/bp.2021.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the ways in which hallucinations induced by hallucinogenic drugs with the help of technological devices distort the human perception of reality within the fictional world of Philip K. Dick’s novel, The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch. It also examines how the axiological order of this fictional world is negatively affected by power games played by the main protagonists and how these games refer to Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophical notion of the will to power. By underlining the novel’s narrative intersections between technology and axiology, this paper shows that within The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch the continuity of civilisational development proves to be dystopian in its essence.","PeriodicalId":345953,"journal":{"name":"Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128430378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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