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SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF REGIONAL AUTHORITIES WITH A FOCUS ON EXAMPLES OF GOOD PRACTICE 区域当局的社会责任,重点是良好做法的例子
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.34135/sjpppa.220902
Lucie Kamrádová, Marie Sciskalová
Today's society is increasingly aware of the desirable need to change its approach to the planet and the environment. Social responsibility is one way of involving all citizens in the daily struggle for a better environment. The aim of the paper is to analyse the current state of social responsibility of authorities at the regional level in the environmental field, which is nowadays becoming more than desirable. The paper will work mainly with a qualitative research represented by a document analysis, comparisons and deductions. The results will serve as a basis for a further research and possible further analysis within individual states.
当今社会日益意识到改变对待地球和环境的态度的迫切需要。社会责任是让所有公民参与为改善环境而进行的日常斗争的一种方式。本文的目的是分析当局在环境领域的区域一级的社会责任的现状,这是当今越来越可取的。本文将以定性研究为主,以文献分析、比较和推演为代表。研究结果将作为进一步研究的基础,并可能在个别州内进行进一步分析。
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引用次数: 0
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PUBLIC BUDGETS 公共预算理论与实践
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.34135/sjpppa.220905
L. Mura
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引用次数: 0
COMPETITIVENESS AND REGIONAL DISPARITIES IN SLOVAKIA: SELECTED ECONOMIC INDICATORS 斯洛伐克的竞争力和区域差距:选定的经济指标
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.34135/sjpppa.220901
Nikoleta Bednáriková
The transformation of Slovak society since 1989 is reflected in thedevelopment of Slovak regions, whether in the economic, political, culturalor social spheres. This change is taking place in each of the Slovak regionsin a different way and with a different intensity. Various reforms have beenadopted at the national level to help activate development activities in theregions and thus strengthen Slovakia‘s position in a united Europe. Theconcept of regional development covers the problems of political, economic,social and environmental development of the regions. There are severalindicators used to compare the differences between regions, but in this paper,we have focused on economic indicators. Almost all economic indicators,as well as the functioning of the economies of most countries, have beendramatically affected by the still ongoing pandemic COVID-19. The impactof the pandemic on individual indicators is beginning to be quantifiable thesedays, and the data that give us room to assess the situation and predict futuredevelopments are available.
1989年以来斯洛伐克社会的转型反映在斯洛伐克地区的发展上,无论是在经济、政治、文化还是社会领域。这种变化正在斯洛伐克的每个地区以不同的方式和不同的强度发生。在国家一级采取了各种改革,以帮助激活各地区的发展活动,从而加强斯洛伐克在统一的欧洲中的地位。区域发展的概念涵盖了区域的政治、经济、社会和环境发展问题。有几个指标用于比较地区之间的差异,但在本文中,我们关注的是经济指标。几乎所有经济指标以及大多数国家的经济运作都受到仍在持续的COVID-19大流行的巨大影响。如今,大流行对个别指标的影响已开始可以量化,并且有了数据,使我们有了评估形势和预测未来发展的空间。
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引用次数: 0
LONELINESS AS A NOVEL PUBLIC PROBLEM - OUTLINES TO CREATE AN "ANTI-LONELINESS" POLICY 孤独作为一个新的公共问题——概述了制定“反孤独”政策
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.34135/sjpppa.220903
Veran Stančetič
The purpose of this paper is to consider loneliness as a public (policy) problem and to review current "anti-loneliness" policies in Europe and the world, in order to offer guidelines for anti-loneliness policy in a particular area. The approach to this issue is based on methods characteristic for the public policy science. Firstly, the paper explains what qualifies some situation to be perceived as a public problem. It has been shown that loneliness throughout Europe and the world is a serious public problem and that various measures (policies) are taken against it. The paper presents current knowledge and experience on loneliness as a public problem. The final part of the paper analyzes the common elements of anti-loneliness and anti-isolation policies (worldwide) and offers guidelines for the development of anti-loneliness policy in areas where such policies have yet to be adopted.
本文的目的是将孤独视为一个公共(政策)问题,并回顾当前欧洲和世界的“反孤独”政策,以便为特定地区的反孤独政策提供指导方针。研究这一问题的方法是基于公共政策科学特有的方法。首先,本文解释了哪些情况有资格被视为公共问题。已经表明,孤独在整个欧洲和世界是一个严重的公共问题,并且采取了各种措施(政策)来对付它。本文介绍了目前关于孤独作为一个公共问题的知识和经验。论文的最后一部分分析了反孤独和反孤立政策(世界范围内)的共同要素,并为尚未采用这种政策的地区制定反孤独政策提供了指导方针。
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引用次数: 0
MODERN STRATEGY AND CHALLENGES OF MANAGEMENT IN CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS 文化机构管理的现代战略与挑战
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.34135/sjpppa.220904
Ján Ganobčík
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引用次数: 0
Lee Kuan Yew’s role in minimising corruption in Singapore 李光耀在减少新加坡腐败方面的作用
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1108/pap-04-2022-0037
Jon T. S. Quah
PurposeThis paper analyses the role of Lee Kuan Yew, Singapore’s first prime minister from June 1959 to November 1990, in minimising corruption by implementing a zero-tolerance policy toward corruption in Singapore.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on the analysis of Lee’s beliefs and the policies he introduced to curb corruption in Singapore.FindingsLee’s disdain for corruption and his beliefs in meritocracy and the importance of good leadership shaped his commitment to a zero-tolerance policy against corruption, which was enforced impartially and sustained in Singapore for the past 62 years.Originality/valueThis analysis of how Lee transformed Singapore into one of the least corrupt countries in the world would be of interest to policy-makers, practitioners and scholars concerned with minimising corruption in their own countries.
本文分析了1959年6月至1990年11月新加坡首任总理李光耀在新加坡推行对腐败的零容忍政策以最大限度地减少腐败方面的作用。设计/方法论/方法本文基于对李的信念和他为遏制新加坡腐败而推出的政策的分析。FindingsLee对腐败的蔑视,以及他对精英政治和良好领导的重要性的信念,塑造了他对反腐败零容忍政策的承诺,这一政策在过去62年中在新加坡得到了公正执行和持续。独创性/价值分析李如何将新加坡转变为世界上腐败程度最低的国家之一,将引起政策制定者、从业者和学者的兴趣,他们关心如何最大限度地减少本国的腐败。
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引用次数: 2
Editorial: Policies and practices under COVID-19 pandemic and more 社论:2019冠状病毒病大流行及其他情况下的政策和做法
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.1108/pap-06-2022-065
P. Fong
Since 2018, it has been published online in open access on the Emerald Insight Platform. Five exceptional aspects are identified: (a) Under British rule, Hong Kong was governed as an atypical colony;(b) It was one of the Four Little Dragons as part of the East Asian Miracle;(c) In the 1990s, it was one of the regional pioneers in public sector reform;(d) The unique constitutional status of post-1997 Hong Kong as a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China;(e) After reunification with China, the SAR government, though only semi-democratic, is checked by balancing and monitoring mechanisms no less vigorous than some developed democracies. With the support from international organizations, ASEAN countries have framed several policy strategies in response to the increasing aging population, such as providing more long-term care services in the community. By applying Wang, Dennis and Tu’s solvency test and Brown’s Ten-Point Test, the result shows that one-tenth of the entire municipalities are endowed with better position, whereas almost 39 percent of municipalities are in the worst situation, and nearly 50 percent of municipalities are in the average category. Because of having limited liabilities, the municipalities are endowed with more than enough cash solvency and reasonable level of long-run solvency.
自2018年以来,它已在翡翠洞察平台上以开放获取的方式在线发布。确定了五个特殊方面:(a)在英国统治下,香港是一个非典型的殖民地;(b)作为东亚奇迹的一部分,香港是“四小龙”之一;(c)在20世纪90年代,香港是该地区公共部门改革的先驱之一;(d) 1997年后香港作为中国特别行政区的独特宪制地位;(e)回归中国后,香港特别行政区政府虽然只是半民主的,但在香港的政治地位和政治地位方面,香港的政治地位仍然很重要。受到制衡和监督机制的制约,其力度不亚于某些发达民主国家。在国际组织的支持下,东盟国家制定了若干政策战略,以应对日益严重的人口老龄化问题,例如在社区提供更多的长期护理服务。通过运用Wang、Dennis和Tu的偿付能力测试和Brown的十点测试,结果表明,十分之一的城市处于较好的地位,而近39%的城市处于最差状况,近50%的城市处于平均水平。由于有限的负债,市政当局被赋予了足够的现金偿付能力和合理的长期偿付能力。
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引用次数: 0
A review of the long-term care policies under COVID-19 in Thailand’s aging society: implications for ASEAN countries 新冠疫情下泰国老龄化社会长期护理政策研究:对东盟国家的启示
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.1108/pap-02-2022-0013
P. Tejativaddhana, N. Chuakhamfoo, Man Thi Hue Vo
PurposeThis paper aims to explore the aging society situation, long-term care (LTC) policy preparation, COVID-19’s impact on older people, and post-pandemic preparations in Thailand and the implications for The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries.Design/methodology/approachOnline databases from international, national, academic agencies and SCOPUS database from January 2019 to July 2021 were utilized for analysis. Relevant literature and data were selected for review.FindingsThe evidence suggests that the proportion of the aging population is increasing due to declined fertility and rising life expectancy. Current and future demand for effective healthcare in ASEAN will be better achieved with policies like the Universal Health Coverage and Primary Health Care system. While some countries, specifically Thailand, are developing and expanding their LTC policies, some concerns regarding the active aging policy remain. Most ASEAN countries are using public domain for LTC policies. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a major challenge in implementing LTC and affected the vulnerable aging population in many aspects, including social protection issues in Thailand.Originality/valueWith the support from international organizations, ASEAN countries have framed several policy strategies in response to the increasing aging population, such as providing more LTC in the community. The unexpected challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic compel policymakers to consider resource allocations and community-based services. On the positive side, as the pandemic has made the vulnerable group exposed, social protection issues have been brought to the forefront of the political debate and called for an appropriate policy response.
目的探讨泰国的老龄化社会状况、长期护理(LTC)政策准备、新冠肺炎对老年人的影响、疫情后的准备以及对东南亚国家联盟(东盟)国家的影响。设计/方法/方法2019年1月至2021年7月,利用国际、国家、学术机构的在线数据库和SCOPUS数据库进行分析。选择相关文献和数据进行综述。研究结果有证据表明,由于生育率下降和预期寿命延长,老龄化人口的比例正在增加。东盟当前和未来对有效医疗保健的需求将通过全民健康覆盖和初级卫生保健系统等政策更好地实现。尽管一些国家,特别是泰国,正在制定和扩大其长期护理政策,但对积极老龄化政策的一些担忧仍然存在。大多数东盟国家都在使用公共领域的LTC政策。然而,新冠肺炎大流行对实施长期护理提出了重大挑战,并在许多方面影响了脆弱的老龄化人口,包括泰国的社会保护问题,例如在社区中提供更多LTC。新冠肺炎疫情带来的意外挑战迫使政策制定者考虑资源分配和社区服务。从积极的方面来看,由于疫情使弱势群体暴露在外,社会保护问题已成为政治辩论的焦点,并呼吁采取适当的政策应对措施。
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引用次数: 1
Family caring for the elderly during the pandemic in Hong Kong: perspective from Confucian familism 大流行期间香港的家庭照顾长者:儒家家庭主义的视角
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1108/pap-01-2022-0007
A. T. Hung
PurposeThe aim of this paper is to argue for the values of familial caring and relationships in addition to the provision of social media technology during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong.Design/methodology/approachThe discussion of this paper has adopted an inter-disciplinary approach by integrating health care system and psychological analysis, based on cultural philosophical argument through the hermeneutic approach of classical texts and critical analysis.FindingsThe COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the dilemma between the public health measures for COVID-19 and sustaining elderly social psychological health through familial connection. From a Confucian perspective, the practice of filial piety (xiao, 孝), which demands taking care of parents, is essential for one’s moral formation, and for one’s becoming a virtuous (ren, 仁) person. The necessity of taking care of elderly parents by adult children is not something that can be explained in terms of consequentialism. Indeed, the rising trend of instrumental rationality seems to weaken rather than strengthen the sense of filial obligation. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic which tends to separate connections between family members, the author argues that we should emphasize the values of familial caring and relationship because it enhances the elderly’s characteristic of resilience.Originality/valueThis paper shows that while social media technology has mitigated the negative effect of social distancing, such online relationships should never replace the bodily connections between the elderly and their family members from a Confucian perspective.
目的本文旨在论证在香港新冠肺炎大流行期间,除了提供社交媒体技术外,家庭关怀和人际关系的价值观。设计/方法论/方法本文的讨论采用了一种跨学科的方法,将医疗保健系统和心理分析相结合,基于文化哲学论证,通过经典文本的解释学方法和批判性分析。发现新冠肺炎大流行暴露了新冠肺炎公共卫生措施与通过家庭联系维持老年人社会心理健康之间的困境。从儒家的角度来看,孝), 需要照顾父母,这对一个人的道德形成和成为一个有道德的人至关重要(任,仁) 人成年子女照顾年迈父母的必要性不能用后果主义来解释。事实上,工具理性的上升趋势似乎削弱而不是加强了孝顺感。面对新冠肺炎大流行,家庭成员之间的联系往往会分离,作者认为,我们应该强调家庭照顾和关系的价值观,因为这会增强老年人的韧性。原创性/价值本文表明,虽然社交媒体技术减轻了保持社交距离的负面影响,但从儒家的角度来看,这种网络关系永远不应该取代老年人与其家人之间的身体联系。
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引用次数: 0
Corporate Social Responsibility policies and practices on unvaccinated employees during the COVID-19 pandemic: case studies of Israel and United States 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间未接种疫苗员工的企业社会责任政策和做法:以色列和美国的案例研究
IF 1.4 4区 法学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1108/pap-02-2022-0011
Lilach Litor
PurposeThe article addresses the tension between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the right to work in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, it explores the operation of corporations in adopting policies of mandatory vaccination and the role of the courts regarding these CSR patterns.Design/methodology/approachThe article examines court case studies of CSR practices regarding unvaccinated employees during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel and the United States.FindingsThe findings show that the Israeli system adopted the regulating for individual discretionary CSR approach, whereas the American system adopted the regulating for ethical-public CSR approach. Adopting the latter infringes upon the right to work of unvaccinated employees. While in Israel, the possibility of compelling employees to vaccinate is denied, in the American model, mandatory vaccination is possible. As opposed to the American model, in the Israeli model, there is an obligation to consider proportionate measures to isolate the employees while allowing them to continue working.Originality/valueThe article introduces two possible notions of regulating CSR in times of the pandemic – regulating for individual discretionary CSR which is labor-oriented and regulating for ethical-public CSR which is focused on public aspects. While the former posits that corporations should advance individual interests of employees and their right to work, the latter claims that corporations should advance the public interest in health. Following the problems resulting from the Israeli and American cases, the article draws on the lines for a suggested approach that courts should embrace.
本文探讨了2019冠状病毒病大流行时期企业社会责任(CSR)与工作权之间的紧张关系。因此,它探讨了企业在采取强制性疫苗接种政策方面的运作以及法院在这些企业社会责任模式方面的作用。设计/方法/方法本文考察了以色列和美国在COVID-19大流行期间未接种疫苗的员工的企业社会责任实践的法庭案例研究。研究结果表明,以色列制度采用的是对个人自由裁量的社会责任监管方式,而美国制度采用的是对伦理公共社会责任的监管方式。采用后者侵犯了未接种疫苗的雇员的工作权利。虽然在以色列,强迫雇员接种疫苗的可能性被否认,但在美国模式下,强制接种疫苗是可能的。与美国模式相反,在以色列模式中,有义务考虑适当的措施,隔离雇员,同时允许他们继续工作。本文介绍了大流行时期社会责任监管的两种可能理念——以劳动为导向的个人自由裁量型社会责任监管和以公共层面为重点的伦理公共型社会责任监管。前者认为企业应促进雇员的个人利益及其工作权利,后者则认为企业应促进公共健康利益。根据以色列和美国案例所产生的问题,本文提出了法院应该采用的建议方法。
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引用次数: 1
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Public Administration and Policy-An Asia-Pacific Journal
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