Objective: This study aimed to examine differences in muscle strength, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors between Type 2 diabetic patients with and without benzodiazepines (BZD) or antipsychotic drugs (APD). Methods: The author conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) whose medication history was collected, and handgrip strength (HGS) was measured. Non-BZD- or APD-users were matched one-to-one with the BZD- or APD-users with respect to their age, gender, and body mass index. The differences in HGS, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors such as blood pressure, lipid profile, and glycemic control between groups were assessed. Results: One hundred and ninety-six patients with and without BZD and 85 patients with and without APD were enrolled. HGS and walking time were significantly lower in patients treated with BZD or APD users than those without BZD or APD. Serum triglycerides levels were higher and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower in patients treated with APD than those treated without APD. Both BZD and APD users had a longer sleep duration than nondrug users. Conclusion: BZD and APD were associated with decreased muscle strength and daily physical activity, and APD could impair lipid metabolism in patients with T2D, which may result in increasing the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. BZDs and APDs should be judiciously prescribed for patients with T2D who are at high risk of CV disease.
{"title":"Differences in muscle strength, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors between type 2 diabetic patients with and without benzodiazepines or antipsychotic medications","authors":"H. Hamasaki","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_14_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_14_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to examine differences in muscle strength, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors between Type 2 diabetic patients with and without benzodiazepines (BZD) or antipsychotic drugs (APD). Methods: The author conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) whose medication history was collected, and handgrip strength (HGS) was measured. Non-BZD- or APD-users were matched one-to-one with the BZD- or APD-users with respect to their age, gender, and body mass index. The differences in HGS, physical activity, and cardiometabolic risk factors such as blood pressure, lipid profile, and glycemic control between groups were assessed. Results: One hundred and ninety-six patients with and without BZD and 85 patients with and without APD were enrolled. HGS and walking time were significantly lower in patients treated with BZD or APD users than those without BZD or APD. Serum triglycerides levels were higher and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower in patients treated with APD than those treated without APD. Both BZD and APD users had a longer sleep duration than nondrug users. Conclusion: BZD and APD were associated with decreased muscle strength and daily physical activity, and APD could impair lipid metabolism in patients with T2D, which may result in increasing the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. BZDs and APDs should be judiciously prescribed for patients with T2D who are at high risk of CV disease.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"167 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41443388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To compare chronic cardiac adaptations to exercise at various intensities and in different sports categories of female athletes. Methods: This was a retrospective study including 30 elite female athletes (members of the National Team), 14 amateur female athletes training 3-6 h per week for several years, and 20 inactive female controls who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance. Results: Left and right ventricular end-diastolic volumes (LVEDVI and RVEDVI) differed between all studied groups. They rose from controls to elite athletes, with amateur athletes in-between (for LVEDVI 73 ± 9 vs. 83 ± 6 vs. 95 ± 13 ml/m2, P < 0.001, for RVEDVI 74 ± 7 vs. 84 ± 6 vs. 97 ± 14 ml/m2, P < 0.001, respectively). Left and right atrial areas (LAA and RAA) were larger in amateur and elite athletes than in controls (P < 0.001), but there was no difference between the two athlete groups. The interventricular septal diameter was mildly higher only in elite female athletes (9 ± 1 mm vs. 8 ± 1 mm, P < 0.001). No difference in the above parameters was found between power and endurance athletes. Three athletes presented with benign myocardial fibrosis in the lower left ventricular (LV)-right ventricle junction point. Conclusions: The hearts of female athletes differed from inactive controls. Part of the changes was related to exercise intensity (LVEDVI and RVEDVI, mild LV muscle thickening), but other changes were not (LAA and RAA). There was no difference in the heart chamber size and LV muscle thickness between studied athletes engaging in power and endurance disciplines. There were also no significant myocardial tissue changes observed in both elite and amateur female athletes.
{"title":"Cardiac Remodeling in Female Athletes with Relation to Sport Discipline and Exercise Dose – A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study","authors":"L. Malek, B. Miłosz-Wieczorek, M. Marczak","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_19_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_19_22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare chronic cardiac adaptations to exercise at various intensities and in different sports categories of female athletes. Methods: This was a retrospective study including 30 elite female athletes (members of the National Team), 14 amateur female athletes training 3-6 h per week for several years, and 20 inactive female controls who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance. Results: Left and right ventricular end-diastolic volumes (LVEDVI and RVEDVI) differed between all studied groups. They rose from controls to elite athletes, with amateur athletes in-between (for LVEDVI 73 ± 9 vs. 83 ± 6 vs. 95 ± 13 ml/m2, P < 0.001, for RVEDVI 74 ± 7 vs. 84 ± 6 vs. 97 ± 14 ml/m2, P < 0.001, respectively). Left and right atrial areas (LAA and RAA) were larger in amateur and elite athletes than in controls (P < 0.001), but there was no difference between the two athlete groups. The interventricular septal diameter was mildly higher only in elite female athletes (9 ± 1 mm vs. 8 ± 1 mm, P < 0.001). No difference in the above parameters was found between power and endurance athletes. Three athletes presented with benign myocardial fibrosis in the lower left ventricular (LV)-right ventricle junction point. Conclusions: The hearts of female athletes differed from inactive controls. Part of the changes was related to exercise intensity (LVEDVI and RVEDVI, mild LV muscle thickening), but other changes were not (LAA and RAA). There was no difference in the heart chamber size and LV muscle thickness between studied athletes engaging in power and endurance disciplines. There were also no significant myocardial tissue changes observed in both elite and amateur female athletes.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"187 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48217367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a rare case of anomalous origin of obtuse marginals (OMs) from a common trunk arising from the right coronary sinus in an interesting armchair shape in a 52-year-old female presenting with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. During routine coronary angiography, the origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery was visualized and the origin of the left circumflex (LCX) coronary artery was not visualized with the sign of nonperfused myocardium in the LCX artery territory. Our case is a rare illustration of armchair OMs with nonperfused proximal and middle LCX coronary artery territory.
{"title":"The armchair obtuse marginals: Anomalous origin of obtuse marginals from right coronary sinus - A case report","authors":"Debasish Das, Tutan Das, Subhash R. Pramanik","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_58_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_58_21","url":null,"abstract":"We report a rare case of anomalous origin of obtuse marginals (OMs) from a common trunk arising from the right coronary sinus in an interesting armchair shape in a 52-year-old female presenting with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. During routine coronary angiography, the origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery was visualized and the origin of the left circumflex (LCX) coronary artery was not visualized with the sign of nonperfused myocardium in the LCX artery territory. Our case is a rare illustration of armchair OMs with nonperfused proximal and middle LCX coronary artery territory.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"192 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41678735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) induces high morbidity all over the world. Patients with MI are more vulnerable to depression, and depression worsens their prognosis. Inflammatory response is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of MI combined with depression. Therefore, MI and depression would benefit from attenuating inflammation. Objectives: To explore the anti-inflammation effect in relieving heart dysfunction and depressive behaviors of mice under MI and chronic stress. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 male C57BL/6J mice were given sham or MI surgery, and the success rate of the surgery was 80%. Hence, 32 mice survived surgery and were distributed as 8 in each group of study. Then, unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) or Anshen Buxin Liuwei pills (ABL pills) group were applied to some MI mice, and the mice were divided into different groups, including sham group, MI group, MI + UCMS group, and MI + UCMS + ABL pills group (n = 8). After a 2-week treatment, the mice underwent the sucrose preference test, and echocardiography before sacrifice. Then, the mice were sacrificed for pathological detection and inflammatory cytokines detection. Results: Compared with mice in the sham group, those mice had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (51.25 ± 9.92 vs. 12.18 ± 8.46, 20.95 ± 16.40, 29.55 ± 13.33%, P < 0.05) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) (21.12 ± 6.82 vs. 5.57 ± 4.0, 9.89 ± 8.03, 14.0 ± 6.65%, P < 0.05) in the MI, MI + UCMS, and MI + UCMS + ABL pills groups. ABL pills could reverse cardiac dysfunction for the significant elevation of LVEF and LVFS. The hematoxylin and eosin staining presented left ventricular (LV) enlargement, inflammatory cell infiltration, and myocardial fibrosis formation in MI and MI + UCMS mice. While ABL pills reversed the pathological changes induced by ligation of the left anterior descending. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection showed that MI and MI + UCMS elevated the concentrations of cardiac tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), which were reduced by ABL pills. ABL pills significantly reversed the depressive behaviors of mice with MI + UCMS (82.97 ± 3.04 vs. 76.07 ± 7.84%, P < 0.05). MI + UCMS group had a higher level of cortex TNFR1 than sham and MI, while ABL pills reversed the elevation (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Anti-inflammation treatment effectively improves cardiac function and depressive behaviors via inhibiting TNF-α/TNFR1.
{"title":"Anti-Inflammation Relieving Heart Dysfunction and Depressive Behaviors of Mice Under Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Stress","authors":"Lijun Zhang, S. Tao, N. Lu, Ruoyu Pan, Meiyan Liu","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_9_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_9_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) induces high morbidity all over the world. Patients with MI are more vulnerable to depression, and depression worsens their prognosis. Inflammatory response is the primary pathophysiological mechanism of MI combined with depression. Therefore, MI and depression would benefit from attenuating inflammation. Objectives: To explore the anti-inflammation effect in relieving heart dysfunction and depressive behaviors of mice under MI and chronic stress. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 male C57BL/6J mice were given sham or MI surgery, and the success rate of the surgery was 80%. Hence, 32 mice survived surgery and were distributed as 8 in each group of study. Then, unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) or Anshen Buxin Liuwei pills (ABL pills) group were applied to some MI mice, and the mice were divided into different groups, including sham group, MI group, MI + UCMS group, and MI + UCMS + ABL pills group (n = 8). After a 2-week treatment, the mice underwent the sucrose preference test, and echocardiography before sacrifice. Then, the mice were sacrificed for pathological detection and inflammatory cytokines detection. Results: Compared with mice in the sham group, those mice had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (51.25 ± 9.92 vs. 12.18 ± 8.46, 20.95 ± 16.40, 29.55 ± 13.33%, P < 0.05) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) (21.12 ± 6.82 vs. 5.57 ± 4.0, 9.89 ± 8.03, 14.0 ± 6.65%, P < 0.05) in the MI, MI + UCMS, and MI + UCMS + ABL pills groups. ABL pills could reverse cardiac dysfunction for the significant elevation of LVEF and LVFS. The hematoxylin and eosin staining presented left ventricular (LV) enlargement, inflammatory cell infiltration, and myocardial fibrosis formation in MI and MI + UCMS mice. While ABL pills reversed the pathological changes induced by ligation of the left anterior descending. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection showed that MI and MI + UCMS elevated the concentrations of cardiac tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), which were reduced by ABL pills. ABL pills significantly reversed the depressive behaviors of mice with MI + UCMS (82.97 ± 3.04 vs. 76.07 ± 7.84%, P < 0.05). MI + UCMS group had a higher level of cortex TNFR1 than sham and MI, while ABL pills reversed the elevation (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Anti-inflammation treatment effectively improves cardiac function and depressive behaviors via inhibiting TNF-α/TNFR1.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"159 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42266714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bingqing Bai, Huan Ma, Lan Guo, Xueju Yu, Haochen Wang, Yuting Liu, H. Yin, Fengyao Liu, Qingshan Geng
The adenosine stress test and exercise stress test have been widely used in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease, which has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of coronary heart disease. The myocardial bridge is a congenital dysplasia of the coronary artery which may cause severe myocardial ischemia, acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Although drug therapy for this disease is clear and widely used, indication for open-chest surgery is still vague. This case shows a patient with long-term chest pain undergoing the coronary computed tomographic angiography in our hospital 1 month ago, which showed the mild myocardial bridge in the left anterior descending (LAD) branch. Then, she did the mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia and cardiopulmonary exercise test which the results were negative. After the informed consent, the patient took the adenosine stress test and severe angina occurred during the test. Later, coronary angiography showed that the myocardial bridge caused 70% contraction of the middle segment of the LAD branch. In the case of long-term ineffective drug treatment, the patient underwent a open-chest surgery called coronary artery myotomy and her chest discomfort eventually recovered. To a degree, adenosine stress test may be more sensitive than exercise stress test in predicting the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Moreover, we may provide a unique direction of indication for surgeons to operate open-chest surgery on the myocardial bridge.
{"title":"Adenosine-Induced Myocardial Ischemia in a Patient with Myocardial Bridge: A Case Report","authors":"Bingqing Bai, Huan Ma, Lan Guo, Xueju Yu, Haochen Wang, Yuting Liu, H. Yin, Fengyao Liu, Qingshan Geng","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_33_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_33_21","url":null,"abstract":"The adenosine stress test and exercise stress test have been widely used in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease, which has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of coronary heart disease. The myocardial bridge is a congenital dysplasia of the coronary artery which may cause severe myocardial ischemia, acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Although drug therapy for this disease is clear and widely used, indication for open-chest surgery is still vague. This case shows a patient with long-term chest pain undergoing the coronary computed tomographic angiography in our hospital 1 month ago, which showed the mild myocardial bridge in the left anterior descending (LAD) branch. Then, she did the mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia and cardiopulmonary exercise test which the results were negative. After the informed consent, the patient took the adenosine stress test and severe angina occurred during the test. Later, coronary angiography showed that the myocardial bridge caused 70% contraction of the middle segment of the LAD branch. In the case of long-term ineffective drug treatment, the patient underwent a open-chest surgery called coronary artery myotomy and her chest discomfort eventually recovered. To a degree, adenosine stress test may be more sensitive than exercise stress test in predicting the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Moreover, we may provide a unique direction of indication for surgeons to operate open-chest surgery on the myocardial bridge.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"87 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46602524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Developmental lead (Pb2+) exposure has been historically shown to alter the pathological functions of the cardiovascular system at high blood lead levels (i.e.,>15 μg/dL). However, given the time that has elapsed in the field (i.e., some 30 years), there is a great need for less clinical and more basic research on the cardiopathology of low blood lead levels (lBLLs; i.e.,<10 μg/dL). Further, most of the prior literature had focused solely on males as they had been reported to be more vulnerable to Pb2+ induced cardiovascular pathology. Aims and Objectives: To generate a model system of Pb2+-induced cardiovascular pathology that would be consistent with past reports, the present study examined male Long–Evans Hooded rats that were perinatally Pb2+ exposed (i.e., via their food with 996 ppm lead acetate in the rat chow) up until weaning (i.e., postnatal day 22; blood lead levels [BLLs]: 10–15 μg/dL) and were then removed from Pb2+ exposure for nearly 1.5 months (i.e., BLLs >3.33 μg/dL). Materials and Methods: Rats were then subjected to cardiovascular measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) and heart rates. Rats were sacrificed and their hearts were weighed; their thoracic aortas were collected and examined for microstructural and morphological changes through a scanning electron micrograph. Results: The data showed that compared to age matched control rats, the Pb2+ exposed rats have increased SBP, DBP, and heart rate with no differences in heart weight. These data show that early developmental Pb2+ exposure comprising lBLLs can cause significant cardiovascular pathological changes in rats. Conclusion: The present model of developmental Pb2+-exposure occurring early in life caused Pb2+-induced cardiopathology later in life through increased hypertension and reduced elasticity of the aorta media. These cardiovascular pathologies could further increase the likelihood of accelerated fronto executive dysfunctions due to the direct action of Pb2+ on neurons through inhibition of calcium dependent processes and might also contribute to vascular dementias.
{"title":"Developmental Pb2+-Exposure induces cardiovascular pathologies in adult male rats","authors":"Evelyn Okeke, Lorenz S. Neuwirth, A. El Idrissi","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_73_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_73_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Developmental lead (Pb2+) exposure has been historically shown to alter the pathological functions of the cardiovascular system at high blood lead levels (i.e.,>15 μg/dL). However, given the time that has elapsed in the field (i.e., some 30 years), there is a great need for less clinical and more basic research on the cardiopathology of low blood lead levels (lBLLs; i.e.,<10 μg/dL). Further, most of the prior literature had focused solely on males as they had been reported to be more vulnerable to Pb2+ induced cardiovascular pathology. Aims and Objectives: To generate a model system of Pb2+-induced cardiovascular pathology that would be consistent with past reports, the present study examined male Long–Evans Hooded rats that were perinatally Pb2+ exposed (i.e., via their food with 996 ppm lead acetate in the rat chow) up until weaning (i.e., postnatal day 22; blood lead levels [BLLs]: 10–15 μg/dL) and were then removed from Pb2+ exposure for nearly 1.5 months (i.e., BLLs >3.33 μg/dL). Materials and Methods: Rats were then subjected to cardiovascular measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) and heart rates. Rats were sacrificed and their hearts were weighed; their thoracic aortas were collected and examined for microstructural and morphological changes through a scanning electron micrograph. Results: The data showed that compared to age matched control rats, the Pb2+ exposed rats have increased SBP, DBP, and heart rate with no differences in heart weight. These data show that early developmental Pb2+ exposure comprising lBLLs can cause significant cardiovascular pathological changes in rats. Conclusion: The present model of developmental Pb2+-exposure occurring early in life caused Pb2+-induced cardiopathology later in life through increased hypertension and reduced elasticity of the aorta media. These cardiovascular pathologies could further increase the likelihood of accelerated fronto executive dysfunctions due to the direct action of Pb2+ on neurons through inhibition of calcium dependent processes and might also contribute to vascular dementias.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"75 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43901962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Zhang, Yuping Wu, S. Ma, Xiaoqian Huang, Yi Shu
Aims: The study aimed to analyze the changes in mental health and social support in patients with cerebral infarction during the recovery period at the early stage of coronavirus disease pandemic. Subjects and Methods: During January–March 2020, 98 patients with cerebral infarction during the recovery period were selected from Wuhan city. Among them, 42 patients were living alone (called the solitary group) and 56 patients lived with their spouses (called the spouse group). The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression, respectively, and Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), social support for patients. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical calculations were carried out using GraphPad Prism 5.01 software (GraphPad, San Diego, California, USA). Results: At the early stage of the pandemic, patients with cerebral infarction in the solitary group and the spouse group experienced varying degrees of anxiety and depression. The SAS and SDS scores in the solitary group were significantly higher than those in the spouse group (P < 0.01). The subscale scores of MSPSS in the solitary group were lower than those in the spouse group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: It is necessary for medical staff to help the patients to overcome anxiety and depression and provide more social support to patients, especially for those patients living alone.
{"title":"Mental status in patients with cerebral infarction in central China at the early stage of coronavirus disease-19 pandemic","authors":"H. Zhang, Yuping Wu, S. Ma, Xiaoqian Huang, Yi Shu","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_40_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_40_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The study aimed to analyze the changes in mental health and social support in patients with cerebral infarction during the recovery period at the early stage of coronavirus disease pandemic. Subjects and Methods: During January–March 2020, 98 patients with cerebral infarction during the recovery period were selected from Wuhan city. Among them, 42 patients were living alone (called the solitary group) and 56 patients lived with their spouses (called the spouse group). The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression, respectively, and Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), social support for patients. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical calculations were carried out using GraphPad Prism 5.01 software (GraphPad, San Diego, California, USA). Results: At the early stage of the pandemic, patients with cerebral infarction in the solitary group and the spouse group experienced varying degrees of anxiety and depression. The SAS and SDS scores in the solitary group were significantly higher than those in the spouse group (P < 0.01). The subscale scores of MSPSS in the solitary group were lower than those in the spouse group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: It is necessary for medical staff to help the patients to overcome anxiety and depression and provide more social support to patients, especially for those patients living alone.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"70 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47488429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recognition and treatment of psychosomatic diseases","authors":"Qingshan Geng","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_8_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_8_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"43 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43722125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nurses in cardiac catheterization laboratory: An important pillar of “heart team”","authors":"S. Deora, N. Kalal, Kuldeep Singh","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_75_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_75_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"96 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47590155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The prevalence of Internet addiction (IA) and insomnia among the student cohort was high. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely influenced both critical emerging public health concerns. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of IA and insomnia and assess the relationship among the problems at the crucial time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A pilot survey was conducted among undergraduate students of an educational institute by inviting participants to use an electronically randomly selected e-mail address provided by the affiliated institute. Descriptive analysis was conducted to identify the student subgroups with a higher prevalence of insomnia; however, a multiple regression analysis was employed to identify the predictors of insomnia. Results: Insomnia and IA prevalence was 49.4% and 81.7%, respectively. Age group, gender, relationship status, family income, family type, living location, tobacco use, and exercise habits and physical illness history were associated with insomnia. However, regression analysis suggested that maintaining a relationship, being physically ill in the last year, and IA could predict insomnia independently. Conclusion: Institutional initiatives are recommended to reduce the high burden of insomnia and IA. A large sample size cross-sectional and longitudinal study is warranted to generalize these findings and determine the in-depth relationship between IA and insomnia.
{"title":"Internet addiction predicted insomnia among bangladeshi undergraduate students at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Mohammad Ali, Z. Tasnim, G. Ahsan","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_66_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_66_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The prevalence of Internet addiction (IA) and insomnia among the student cohort was high. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely influenced both critical emerging public health concerns. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of IA and insomnia and assess the relationship among the problems at the crucial time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A pilot survey was conducted among undergraduate students of an educational institute by inviting participants to use an electronically randomly selected e-mail address provided by the affiliated institute. Descriptive analysis was conducted to identify the student subgroups with a higher prevalence of insomnia; however, a multiple regression analysis was employed to identify the predictors of insomnia. Results: Insomnia and IA prevalence was 49.4% and 81.7%, respectively. Age group, gender, relationship status, family income, family type, living location, tobacco use, and exercise habits and physical illness history were associated with insomnia. However, regression analysis suggested that maintaining a relationship, being physically ill in the last year, and IA could predict insomnia independently. Conclusion: Institutional initiatives are recommended to reduce the high burden of insomnia and IA. A large sample size cross-sectional and longitudinal study is warranted to generalize these findings and determine the in-depth relationship between IA and insomnia.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":"6 1","pages":"82 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44970102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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