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2020 13th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI)最新文献

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Mental Workload Classification By Eye Movements In Visual Search Tasks 视觉搜索任务中眼动的心理负荷分类
L. Pang, Yurong Fan, Ye Deng, Xin Wang, Tianbo Wang
This paper presents a method to objectively evaluate mental workload by analyzing the changes of eye movements characteristics in different visual search tasks. Eye movements data were collected by the eye tracking device called Eye Tracking Core+ while subjects were performing four different visual search tasks produced by NASA’s Multi-Attribute Task Battery (MATB) on the screen of computer. By varying the difficulty of visual search tasks, the eye movements were measured to examine whether they could be used to classify the mental workload. As a result, the five indexes (Saccades Amplitude, Saccades Velocity, Fixation Duration, Blink Duration and Pupil Diameter) showed significant differences under low and high workload of visual search tasks. Moreover, with the increase of task workload, Saccades Amplitude, Saccades Velocity, and Blink Duration decreased significantly, while Fixation Duration and Pupil Diameter increased gradually.
通过分析不同视觉搜索任务中眼球运动特征的变化,提出了一种客观评价心理负荷的方法。当受试者在计算机屏幕上执行由NASA多属性任务电池(Multi-Attribute Task Battery, MATB)生成的四种不同的视觉搜索任务时,眼动数据由眼动追踪设备Eye tracking Core+收集。通过改变视觉搜索任务的难度,研究人员测量了他们的眼球运动,以检验他们是否可以用来分类精神工作量。结果表明,在低工作量和高工作量的视觉搜索任务中,扫视幅度、扫视速度、注视时间、眨眼时间和瞳孔直径5个指标存在显著差异。此外,随着任务工作量的增加,扫视振幅、扫视速度和眨眼持续时间显著降低,注视持续时间和瞳孔直径逐渐增加。
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引用次数: 5
Lip Reading modeling with Temporal Convolutional Networks for medical support applications 基于时间卷积网络的唇读建模在医疗支持中的应用
Dimitris Kastaniotis, Dimitrios Tsourounis, S. Fotopoulos
Automated Lip Reading (LR) task is the process of predicting a spoken word using only visual information of a sequence of frames. This sequence modeling task has been approached with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) combined with Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTM). In this work, a novel scheme for modeling LR sequences with a combination of Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCN) driven by the feature vectors produced by CNN is presented. More specifically, the contribution of this work is two-fold. Firstly, a novel approach that utilize the TCN topology as an alternative way to deal with the sequential data of the LR task is presented. Secondly, this approach is evaluated on a new real-world challenging dataset particularly designed for the problem of LR in Greek words related to biomedical and clinical conditions. More specifically, the Greek words of the dataset are selected to be words that a patient would like to communicate when receiving medical treatment using the frontal camera of a mobile phone. Experimental results indicate that the proposed CNN-TCN architecture can surpass recurrent oriented approaches based on CNN-LSTM while also providing major benefits for deployment in model hardware architectures and more stability during training.
自动唇读(LR)任务是仅使用一系列帧的视觉信息来预测口语单词的过程。卷积神经网络(cnn)结合长短期记忆网络(LSTM)实现了序列建模任务。在这项工作中,提出了一种由CNN产生的特征向量驱动的时间卷积网络(TCN)组合来建模LR序列的新方案。更具体地说,这项工作的贡献是双重的。首先,提出了一种利用TCN拓扑作为处理LR任务序列数据的替代方法的新方法。其次,该方法在一个新的现实世界具有挑战性的数据集上进行评估,该数据集专门设计用于与生物医学和临床条件相关的希腊语单词的LR问题。更具体地说,选择数据集中的希腊语单词作为患者在使用手机正面摄像头接受医疗时想要交流的单词。实验结果表明,提出的CNN-TCN架构可以超越基于CNN-LSTM的面向循环的方法,同时也为模型硬件架构的部署提供了主要优势,并且在训练过程中更具稳定性。
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引用次数: 6
Segmented Time-Frequency Masking Algorithm for Speech Separation Based on Deep Neural Networks 基于深度神经网络的语音分离分段时频掩蔽算法
Xinyu Guo, S. Ou, Meng Gao, Ying Gao
In view of the residual problem of speech background noise in supervised model based single-channel speech separation algorithm in non-stationary noise environments, a piecewise time-frequency masking target based on Wiener filtering principle is proposed and used as the training target of neural network, which can not only track the SNR changes, but also reduce the damage to speech quality. By combing the four features of Relative spectral transform and perceptual linear prediction (RASTA-PLP) + amplitude modulation spectrogram (AMS) + Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) + Gammatone frequency cepstral coefficient (GFCC), the extracted multi-level voice information is used as the training features of the neural network, and then a deep neural network (DNN) based speech separation system is constructed to separate the noisy speech. The experimental results show that: compared with traditional time-frequency masking methods, the segmented time-frequency masking algorithm can improve the speech quality and clarity, and achieves the purpose of noise suppression and better speech separation performance at low SNR.
针对非平稳噪声环境下基于监督模型的单通道语音分离算法存在的语音背景噪声残留问题,提出了一种基于维纳滤波原理的分段时频掩蔽目标作为神经网络的训练目标,既能跟踪信噪比变化,又能降低对语音质量的损害。通过结合相对谱变换和感知线性预测(RASTA-PLP) +调幅谱图(AMS) + mel -频率倒谱系数(MFCC) + Gammatone频率倒谱系数(GFCC)四个特征,将提取的多级语音信息作为神经网络的训练特征,构建基于深度神经网络(DNN)的语音分离系统,对噪声语音进行分离。实验结果表明:与传统时频掩蔽方法相比,分段时频掩蔽算法可以提高语音质量和清晰度,达到抑制噪声的目的,在低信噪比下具有更好的语音分离性能。
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引用次数: 0
Discriminative Analysis Dictionary Learning With Adaptive Graph Constraint for Image Classification 基于自适应图约束的判别分析字典学习图像分类
Zhengmin Li, Haoran Hong
Discrimination of coefficient matrix plays an important role in discriminative analysis dictionary learning (ADL) model. However, the local geometric structure of the profiles(i.e., row vector of coefficient matrix) is seldom exploited to design discriminative terms in the discriminative ADL algorithms. In this paper, we proposed a discriminative ADL algorithm with adaptive graph constrained (DADL-AGC)model, which can adaptively preserve the local geometric structure information of profiles. First, we construct an adaptive graph constrained model by maximizing the information entropy of the similarity matrix of profiles. In this way, the coefficient matrix can preserve and inherit the local geometric information of analysis atoms and training samples by using the K-means method to initialize the analysis dictionary. Moreover, a robust linear classifier is simultaneously learned to improve the classification performance of our DADL-AGC algorithm. On the four deep features and hand-crafted features databases, experimental results demonstrate that our DADL-AGC algorithm can achieve better performance than seven ADL and synthesis dictionary learning algorithms.
系数矩阵的判别在判别分析字典学习(ADL)模型中起着重要的作用。然而,轮廓的局部几何结构(即。在判别式ADL算法中,很少利用系数矩阵的行向量来设计判别式项。本文提出了一种基于自适应图约束(DADL-AGC)模型的判别式ADL算法,该算法能够自适应地保留剖面的局部几何结构信息。首先,通过最大化轮廓相似矩阵的信息熵,构造自适应图约束模型;这样,通过K-means方法初始化分析字典,系数矩阵可以保留和继承分析原子和训练样本的局部几何信息。此外,还学习了一个鲁棒的线性分类器,以提高我们的DADL-AGC算法的分类性能。在四种深度特征和手工特征数据库上,实验结果表明,我们的DADL-AGC算法比七种ADL和合成字典学习算法取得了更好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Auxiliary Attribute Aided Few-shot Representation Learning for Gun Image Retrieval 辅助属性辅助少射表示学习在枪械图像检索中的应用
Zhifei Zhou, Shaoyu Zhang, Jinlong Wu, Yiyi Li, Xiaolin Wang, Silong Peng
Few-shot representation learning is one of the most challenging tasks in machine learning research field. The related applications including gun image retrieval usually achieve limited performance due to the lack of learning samples. In this paper, We propose a flexible and conceptually straightforward framework for few-shot gun image retrieval. We use ResNet as backbone network and design a hierarchical loss system based on auxiliary attributes extracted from different layers. Enhanced by a series of auxiliary attributes, discriminative features are learned efficiently. Experiments on a gun image dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. In addition, it is worth noting that our framework can be easily extended to other few-shot learning tasks.
少镜头表示学习是机器学习研究领域中最具挑战性的课题之一。由于缺乏学习样本,包括枪支图像检索在内的相关应用通常性能有限。在本文中,我们提出了一个灵活和概念简单的框架,用于少弹枪图像检索。以ResNet为主干网,设计了基于分层提取辅助属性的分层损失系统。通过一系列辅助属性的增强,可以有效地学习判别特征。在枪支图像数据集上的实验验证了该方法的有效性。此外,值得注意的是,我们的框架可以很容易地扩展到其他少量的学习任务。
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引用次数: 0
A Method for Predicting Power Loss of HVDC Converters Based on Support Vector Regression 基于支持向量回归的直流变流器功率损耗预测方法
Bingyuan Tan, Jia Liu, Wenmin Luo, Huibin Zhou, Jin-quan Zhao
For a HVDC converter station, the commonly used power loss determination methods are difficult to accurately reflect the changes of power loss of the converter in real time, given that the operating parameters of the converter station are dynamically changing when the converter station is running normally. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for predicting power loss of HVDC converters based on support vector regression. According to this method, firstly, the power loss data of a converter is analyzed. Then the appropriate feature in the power loss data is selected and thus a dataset of power loss samples can be obtained for further work. By applying the support vector regression algorithm to the dataset collected before, it is possible to predict the power loss of a converter for various operating parameters of the HVDC converter station. Finally, the cross-validation method was used to validate the stability of the prediction method. The result of the validation shows that the proposed method is able to accurately and stably predict the power loss of a converter of the HVDC converter station in real time.
对于高压直流换流站,由于换流站在正常运行时,其运行参数是动态变化的,常用的功率损耗确定方法难以准确实时反映换流站功率损耗的变化。为此,本文提出了一种基于支持向量回归的直流变流器功率损耗预测方法。根据该方法,首先对变换器的功率损耗数据进行分析。然后在功率损耗数据中选择合适的特征,从而获得功率损耗样本的数据集,用于进一步的工作。通过对之前收集的数据集应用支持向量回归算法,可以预测高压直流换流站在不同运行参数下的变流器功率损耗。最后,采用交叉验证法对预测方法的稳定性进行验证。验证结果表明,该方法能够准确、稳定地实时预测高压直流换流站变流器的功率损耗。
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引用次数: 0
Design of a Portable Very-High-Frequency Ultrasound Biomicroscope 便携式甚高频超声生物显微镜的设计
Xiaochun Wang, Sheng Zhou, Jianjun Ji, Jun Yang
Objective To develop a portable very-high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscope. Methods This system is primarily an ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transmission and receiving modules, imaging software on a host computer and peripheral equipment. A PVDF transducer with a frequency between 20 and 50 MHz was used for the ultrasonic transducer. In the transmission and receiving modules, the radio frequency echo signals were digitized by high-speed A/D. Then, the digital signals were transmitted, added, filtered, demodulated, log-amplified, double-sampled, and transferred to the host computer by USB interface for real-time display. Results The system was tested with a resolution test and an imaging experiment using a normal human eye, and improved experimental results and real-time images were obtained. Conclusions The system enabled real-time imaging using portable VHF ultrasound biomicroscope. The scheme was concise and clear. The overall design of the system was simple, and the overall performance and portability of the system were improved.
目的研制便携式甚高频超声生物显微镜。方法本系统主要由超声波换能器、超声波收发模块、上位机成像软件和外围设备组成。超声换能器使用频率在20和50 MHz之间的PVDF换能器。在收发模块中,采用高速A/D对射频回波信号进行数字化处理。然后,对数字信号进行传输、加、滤波、解调、对数放大、双采样,通过USB接口传输到上位机进行实时显示。结果对该系统进行了正常人眼分辨率测试和成像实验,获得了较好的实验结果和实时性。结论该系统实现了便携式甚高频超声生物显微镜的实时成像。这个方案简洁明了。系统的总体设计简单,提高了系统的整体性能和可移植性。
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引用次数: 0
Defect Detection System Of Cloth Based On Convolutional Neural Network 基于卷积神经网络的织物疵点检测系统
Qiyan Zhang, Mingjing Li, Denghao Yan, Longbiao Yang, Miao Yu
A defect detection algorithm of cloth based on Neural Network by involving effective use of image processing and neural network is presented in this paper. The samples collected on the surface of the cloth are preprocessed by wavelet transforming and Otsu method, then they would be identified and classified through AlexNet. The defect information on the surface of samples is removed by filtering, and the feature is strengthened by threshold method. The image is adjusted to meet the requirement of neural network. The training data is learned by the feature detection layer, so as to achieve the detection of test data. It can detect the flaws on the cloth fast and correctly, and raise the product quality and improve production efficiency. Through the study of 400 collected samples, this method is applied to the 40 samples for testing. The success rate of the trained neural network is 99.2%, and the actual test accuracy was 93.33%, which is higher than 81.8% of Gabor method, 87.2% of MRF method and 90.4% of SE algorithm. It is considered as a suitable way for flaw detection and has a good application prospect.
本文提出了一种基于神经网络的织物疵点检测算法,有效地利用了图像处理和神经网络技术。对织物表面采集的样本进行小波变换和Otsu方法预处理,然后通过AlexNet进行识别和分类。通过滤波去除样品表面缺陷信息,采用阈值法增强特征。对图像进行调整以满足神经网络的要求。训练数据由特征检测层学习,从而实现对测试数据的检测。它能快速准确地检测布料上的缺陷,提高产品质量,提高生产效率。通过对采集的400个样品的研究,将该方法应用于其中的40个样品进行检测。训练后的神经网络成功率为99.2%,实际测试准确率为93.33%,高于Gabor方法的81.8%、MRF方法的87.2%和SE算法的90.4%。它被认为是一种合适的探伤方法,具有良好的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
A Machine Learning Approach to Heart Murmur Detection and Classification 心脏杂音检测与分类的机器学习方法
A. Levin, A. Ragazzi, S. Szot, T. Ning
This paper presents a heart murmur detection and classification approach via machine learning. We extracted heart sound and murmur features that are of diagnostic importance and developed additional 16 features that are not perceivable by human ears but are valuable to improve murmur classification accuracy. We examined and compared the classification performance of supervised machine learning with k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms. We put together a test repertoire having more than 450 heart sound and murmur episodes to evaluate the performance of murmur classification using cross-validation of 80-20 and 90-10 splits. As clearly demonstrated in our evaluation, the specific set of features chosen in our study resulted in accurate classification consistently exceeding 90% for both classifiers.
本文提出了一种基于机器学习的心脏杂音检测与分类方法。我们提取了具有诊断重要性的心音和杂音特征,并开发了另外16个人耳无法感知但对提高杂音分类准确性有价值的特征。我们检查并比较了监督机器学习与k近邻(KNN)和支持向量机(SVM)算法的分类性能。我们收集了超过450例心音和杂音发作的测试曲目,使用80-20和90-10分割的交叉验证来评估杂音分类的性能。在我们的评估中清楚地表明,在我们的研究中选择的特定特征集导致两个分类器的分类准确率始终超过90%。
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引用次数: 3
Research on Context Cost Information Model of Assembly Building Based on BIM 基于BIM的装配式建筑环境成本信息模型研究
Qixuan Wang, Jingjuan Guo
At present, there are some problems such as fragmentation of information and single function in the cost of assembly construction. To solve these problems, based on the BIM and the context, the basic structure of cost information is established by analyzing the functional requirements of cost information. Then, this paper uses an ontology which has obvious advantages in semantic expression, formalization and inference to construct the context cost information model of assembly building based on the BIM, which aims at reconstructing the BIM -based cost management mode of assembly building and realizing the integration, dynamic and multi-function of cost management.
目前,装配式造价存在信息碎片化、功能单一等问题。为了解决这些问题,基于BIM和上下文,通过分析成本信息的功能需求,建立了成本信息的基本结构。然后,利用在语义表达、形式化和推理方面具有明显优势的本体,构建基于BIM的装配式建筑语境成本信息模型,旨在重构基于BIM的装配式建筑成本管理模式,实现成本管理的集成化、动态化和多功能化。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2020 13th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI)
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