Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.221550.1611
Doaa Mahmoud Abd-elwahed, A. Hany, T. Desoky, E. Dongol
{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for fatigue among health care providers in Qena University Hospitals: A hospital based study","authors":"Doaa Mahmoud Abd-elwahed, A. Hany, T. Desoky, E. Dongol","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.221550.1611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.221550.1611","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88295550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.211460.1585
Amal Omar Mohamed, A. Hany, H. Fayed, Shima A. Ahmed
Background: Beta-thalassemia major (BTM) is still mostly treated with routine blood transfusions. One of the most prevalent transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) of clinical significance is the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of HCV infection among thalassemic patients in Qena hospitals, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with HCV infection. Patients and methods: a cross-sectional study involving 400 thalassemic patients with an age ranging from 1.5 to 29 years, a mean age of 12.8 ±7.3 years, 176 (44%) were male and 224 (56%) were female, and 75.5% were from rural areas. All are reviewed by a structured questionnaire . Results: The study revealed that the prevalence of HCV infection in the studied thalassemic patients was 9.5%. The most important risk factors were the duration of blood transfusion for more than 15 years, previous surgery, dental procedure, and splenectomy (P<0.001), followed by patient age of more than 18 years (P = 0.001), urban population, and a positive family history of thalassemia (P = 0.001), and frequency of blood transfusion (P = 0.054). Conclusion: The most important risk factors were the duration of blood transfusion for more than 15 years, previous surgery, dental procedure, and splenectomy. Thalassemic patients with older age were at higher risk for HCV infection. The risk increased with patients aged more than 18 years old. A family history of thalassemia was a risk factor for HCV infection.
{"title":"Frequency and risk factors for Hepatitis C virus seropositivity in blood transfusion-dependent thalassemic patients in Qena hospitals","authors":"Amal Omar Mohamed, A. Hany, H. Fayed, Shima A. Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.211460.1585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.211460.1585","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Beta-thalassemia major (BTM) is still mostly treated with routine blood transfusions. One of the most prevalent transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) of clinical significance is the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of HCV infection among thalassemic patients in Qena hospitals, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with HCV infection. Patients and methods: a cross-sectional study involving 400 thalassemic patients with an age ranging from 1.5 to 29 years, a mean age of 12.8 ±7.3 years, 176 (44%) were male and 224 (56%) were female, and 75.5% were from rural areas. All are reviewed by a structured questionnaire . Results: The study revealed that the prevalence of HCV infection in the studied thalassemic patients was 9.5%. The most important risk factors were the duration of blood transfusion for more than 15 years, previous surgery, dental procedure, and splenectomy (P<0.001), followed by patient age of more than 18 years (P = 0.001), urban population, and a positive family history of thalassemia (P = 0.001), and frequency of blood transfusion (P = 0.054). Conclusion: The most important risk factors were the duration of blood transfusion for more than 15 years, previous surgery, dental procedure, and splenectomy. Thalassemic patients with older age were at higher risk for HCV infection. The risk increased with patients aged more than 18 years old. A family history of thalassemia was a risk factor for HCV infection.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82259844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.195963.1544
A. Alzayed
Background : Artificial intelligence is well poised to be a multi-dimensional resource for children and their health in the future. Recent advancement in machine learning and algorithms have helped tackle diseases like asthma, pneumonia, and lung nodules. Objectives : Present study aims to provide a detailed overview of AI application in Pediatric Pulmonology. Methods : Many articles, published in review journals have been included to write the current review. The literature search was done by using electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Frontiers. Pictorial descriptions of AI efficiency have been included for better understanding. Studies have been reviewed to highlight the pandemic scenario and its effect on children. Results : Various studies have shown promising results of AI application in Pediatric Pulmonology through efficient imaging and digital technology-based devices. The utility of AI technique has been included under the following subheadings 1) Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Auscultation, 2) Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Imaging, 3) Artificial Intelligence based Pediatric PFTs, 4) Machine learning in prediction of childhood asthma persistence, 5) AI in Pneumonia diagnosis in children, 6) AI in Pediatric Pulmo-oncology, 6) Covid-19 scenario, 7) Current and Future Perspective of AI, 8) Challenges and Pitfalls of AI in Pediatric Pulmonology. Conclusion : AI technology has come a long way in the field of Pediatrics especially during the post-covid scenario through novel digital devices and automation. Lack of technology awareness, funding and AI in study curriculum are a few challenges faced by the health care professionals currently. These limitations must be addressed for more clinical utility in daily practice.
{"title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Pulmonology: Current Scenario and Future Prospective","authors":"A. Alzayed","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.195963.1544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.195963.1544","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Artificial intelligence is well poised to be a multi-dimensional resource for children and their health in the future. Recent advancement in machine learning and algorithms have helped tackle diseases like asthma, pneumonia, and lung nodules. Objectives : Present study aims to provide a detailed overview of AI application in Pediatric Pulmonology. Methods : Many articles, published in review journals have been included to write the current review. The literature search was done by using electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Frontiers. Pictorial descriptions of AI efficiency have been included for better understanding. Studies have been reviewed to highlight the pandemic scenario and its effect on children. Results : Various studies have shown promising results of AI application in Pediatric Pulmonology through efficient imaging and digital technology-based devices. The utility of AI technique has been included under the following subheadings 1) Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Auscultation, 2) Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Imaging, 3) Artificial Intelligence based Pediatric PFTs, 4) Machine learning in prediction of childhood asthma persistence, 5) AI in Pneumonia diagnosis in children, 6) AI in Pediatric Pulmo-oncology, 6) Covid-19 scenario, 7) Current and Future Perspective of AI, 8) Challenges and Pitfalls of AI in Pediatric Pulmonology. Conclusion : AI technology has come a long way in the field of Pediatrics especially during the post-covid scenario through novel digital devices and automation. Lack of technology awareness, funding and AI in study curriculum are a few challenges faced by the health care professionals currently. These limitations must be addressed for more clinical utility in daily practice.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75463797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.223892.1623
O. Ahmed, K. Eliwa, Rana Toghan, S. Fadel, Sahar Marei Zaki
: Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic progressive metabolic illness and that is greatly associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive deficits. Numerous previous studies have indicated that vitamin D has neuroprotective effects. However, the impact of vitamin D on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-associated hippocampal damage in the brain and its protective mechanism remains unclear. Objectives : We investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on diabetes-related apoptotic changes in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Materials and methods : Our study is an experimental randomized control trial conducted between November 2020 to March 2021in the Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South valley university. We constructed a T2DM rat model on 24 Male albino Sprague Dowely rats; diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet and a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (30mg/kg). Animals were divided into four groups; Normal control, Control receiving vitamin D (VD), Diabetic control, and Diabetic receiving vitamin D group. Results: Compared with the control, results showed decreased spontaneous alternation T maze cognitive test, declined neural survival and increased immunohistochemistry expression of Synaptophysin in the hippocampus in diabetic rats. Vitamin D supplementation for six weeks can ameliorate diabetes-associated cognitive impairments by increasing neural cell survival and reducing neural apoptosis in the hippocampus. Conclusion: The resulting data have the potential to provide vitamin D as a new type of adjuvant agent for anti-diabetic lines of treatment.
{"title":"Vitamin D mitigates hippocampus apoptosis induced by diabetes","authors":"O. Ahmed, K. Eliwa, Rana Toghan, S. Fadel, Sahar Marei Zaki","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.223892.1623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.223892.1623","url":null,"abstract":": Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic progressive metabolic illness and that is greatly associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive deficits. Numerous previous studies have indicated that vitamin D has neuroprotective effects. However, the impact of vitamin D on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-associated hippocampal damage in the brain and its protective mechanism remains unclear. Objectives : We investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on diabetes-related apoptotic changes in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Materials and methods : Our study is an experimental randomized control trial conducted between November 2020 to March 2021in the Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South valley university. We constructed a T2DM rat model on 24 Male albino Sprague Dowely rats; diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet and a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (30mg/kg). Animals were divided into four groups; Normal control, Control receiving vitamin D (VD), Diabetic control, and Diabetic receiving vitamin D group. Results: Compared with the control, results showed decreased spontaneous alternation T maze cognitive test, declined neural survival and increased immunohistochemistry expression of Synaptophysin in the hippocampus in diabetic rats. Vitamin D supplementation for six weeks can ameliorate diabetes-associated cognitive impairments by increasing neural cell survival and reducing neural apoptosis in the hippocampus. Conclusion: The resulting data have the potential to provide vitamin D as a new type of adjuvant agent for anti-diabetic lines of treatment.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82022575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.189979.1510
Dlshad Abdullah Hasan, S. Maulud, Sharmeen Qadr Faqi, Rzgar Farooq Rashid, J. Ahmed, K. Mohammad
. Abstract Background: Omicron (B.1.1.529), a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant (VOC), is a highly diverse variant with many mutations. Immune evasion is possible, as is increased transmissibility within the populations. The RT-qPCR method may be effectively utilised for variant surveillance. This is to rule in or rule out significant variants quickly. Objectives: As a result, the goal of this study was to track the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the local community using the SGTF test in conjunction with the SARS-CoV-2 S-gene mutations RT-PCR assays. Patients and methods: The study included 255 SARS-CoV-2 positive specimens collected in Erbil central public health laboratory between January 1 to February 6, 2022, for routine testing purposes. The SARS-CoV-2 variant profiling was performed on extracted RNA using PowerChek SARS-CoV-2 S-gene Mutation Detection Kit Ver.3.0 plus S-gene Target Failure (SGTF) of the TaqPath™ COVID -19 CE-IVD RT-PCR Kit . Results: The samples were surveyed, resulting in a positivity rate of (86.6%) for Omicron BA.1, (3.1%) Omicron BA.2, (1.7%) Delta variant (B.1.617.2), and (8.6%) were inconclusive variants. Among Omicron COVID-19 cases, 89 (38.5%) were fully vaccinated, and 4 (1.7%) received full vaccination plus a booster dose. Nevertheless, 16 (7%) of the confirmed Omicron COVID-19 cases had a documented previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion: The SARS-CoV-2 S-gene mutations RT-PCR assay is a cost-effective and fast method for the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Currently, Omicron BA1 is the predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant in the Kurdistan region/Iraq, and the emergence of the Omicron BA2 variant is of high concern.
． 背景:Omicron (B.1.1.529)是一种新型SARS-CoV-2变异体(VOC)，具有高度多样性和多突变性。免疫逃避是可能的，因为它在人群中的传播性增加。RT-qPCR方法可有效地用于变异监测。这是为了快速排除或排除重要的变量。因此，本研究的目的是利用SGTF检测与SARS-CoV-2 s -基因突变RT-PCR检测相结合，追踪当地社区中SARS-CoV-2组粒变异的流行情况。患者和方法:研究包括2022年1月1日至2月6日在埃尔比勒中心公共卫生实验室采集的255例SARS-CoV-2阳性标本，用于常规检测。使用PowerChek SARS-CoV-2 s -基因突变检测试剂盒Ver.3.0和TaqPath™COVID -19 CE-IVD RT-PCR试剂盒的s -基因靶失败(SGTF)对提取的RNA进行SARS-CoV-2变异分析。结果:对样本进行调查，发现Omicron BA.1阳性率为86.6%，Omicron BA.2阳性率为3.1%，Delta变异(B.1.617.2)阳性率为1.7%，不确定变异阳性率为8.6%。在Omicron COVID-19病例中，89例(38.5%)接种了完全疫苗，4例(1.7%)接种了完全疫苗加加强剂。然而，在确诊的欧米克隆COVID-19病例中，有16例(7%)以前有记录的SARS-CoV-2感染。结论:SARS-CoV-2 s基因突变RT-PCR检测是一种经济、快速的监测SARS-CoV-2变异的方法。目前，奥米克隆BA1是库尔德斯坦地区/伊拉克主要的SARS-CoV-2变体，奥米克隆BA2变体的出现值得高度关注。
{"title":"Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern and Initial Detection of Omicron using RT-PCR in the Kurdistan region of Iraq","authors":"Dlshad Abdullah Hasan, S. Maulud, Sharmeen Qadr Faqi, Rzgar Farooq Rashid, J. Ahmed, K. Mohammad","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.189979.1510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.189979.1510","url":null,"abstract":". Abstract Background: Omicron (B.1.1.529), a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant (VOC), is a highly diverse variant with many mutations. Immune evasion is possible, as is increased transmissibility within the populations. The RT-qPCR method may be effectively utilised for variant surveillance. This is to rule in or rule out significant variants quickly. Objectives: As a result, the goal of this study was to track the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the local community using the SGTF test in conjunction with the SARS-CoV-2 S-gene mutations RT-PCR assays. Patients and methods: The study included 255 SARS-CoV-2 positive specimens collected in Erbil central public health laboratory between January 1 to February 6, 2022, for routine testing purposes. The SARS-CoV-2 variant profiling was performed on extracted RNA using PowerChek SARS-CoV-2 S-gene Mutation Detection Kit Ver.3.0 plus S-gene Target Failure (SGTF) of the TaqPath™ COVID -19 CE-IVD RT-PCR Kit . Results: The samples were surveyed, resulting in a positivity rate of (86.6%) for Omicron BA.1, (3.1%) Omicron BA.2, (1.7%) Delta variant (B.1.617.2), and (8.6%) were inconclusive variants. Among Omicron COVID-19 cases, 89 (38.5%) were fully vaccinated, and 4 (1.7%) received full vaccination plus a booster dose. Nevertheless, 16 (7%) of the confirmed Omicron COVID-19 cases had a documented previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion: The SARS-CoV-2 S-gene mutations RT-PCR assay is a cost-effective and fast method for the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Currently, Omicron BA1 is the predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant in the Kurdistan region/Iraq, and the emergence of the Omicron BA2 variant is of high concern.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87779798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.222095.1614
Muhammad M. Ismail, N. Hamdy, Salwa Bakr, D. Zamzam, Tasneem Desouky
. Abstract Background: There is a growing need for biomarkers that can help in early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in recognizing patients with MS activity. Moreover, many studies are recently focusing on biomarkers that may help in diagnosis of the transition from relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are now considered promising biomarkers. Objectives: Studying the role of plasma miRNA-145 and miRNA-484 in the diagnosis of MS, disease activity and in diagnosing the transition from RRMS to SPMS. Patients and Methods: Forty-six subjects of both sexes were included, 31 patients with MS ) 21 with RRMS, 8 with SPMS and Two patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS)) and 15 healthy controls. Expression analysis of plasma miRNAs; miR-145 and miR-484 were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after miRNA extraction. Results: MicroRNAs 145 and 484 could significantly discriminate between MS cases and controls, with best cut-off values > 0.6 and > 1.7 respectively. They could also significantly discriminate between active and inactive MS cases, with best cut-off values > 0.8 and > 2 respectively. Plasma miRNA-145 could discriminate between RRMS and SPMS cases, with best cut-off value ≤1.4. Conclusion: Plasma miRNAs 145 and 484 might be used as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis of MS and in diagnosis of disease activity. Plasma miRNA-145 could be also helpful in diagnosis of the transition from RRMS to SPMS.
{"title":"Role of Plasma MicroRNAs 145 and 484 in Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis, Disease Activity and the Transition from Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis to Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Muhammad M. Ismail, N. Hamdy, Salwa Bakr, D. Zamzam, Tasneem Desouky","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.222095.1614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.222095.1614","url":null,"abstract":". Abstract Background: There is a growing need for biomarkers that can help in early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in recognizing patients with MS activity. Moreover, many studies are recently focusing on biomarkers that may help in diagnosis of the transition from relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are now considered promising biomarkers. Objectives: Studying the role of plasma miRNA-145 and miRNA-484 in the diagnosis of MS, disease activity and in diagnosing the transition from RRMS to SPMS. Patients and Methods: Forty-six subjects of both sexes were included, 31 patients with MS ) 21 with RRMS, 8 with SPMS and Two patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS)) and 15 healthy controls. Expression analysis of plasma miRNAs; miR-145 and miR-484 were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after miRNA extraction. Results: MicroRNAs 145 and 484 could significantly discriminate between MS cases and controls, with best cut-off values > 0.6 and > 1.7 respectively. They could also significantly discriminate between active and inactive MS cases, with best cut-off values > 0.8 and > 2 respectively. Plasma miRNA-145 could discriminate between RRMS and SPMS cases, with best cut-off value ≤1.4. Conclusion: Plasma miRNAs 145 and 484 might be used as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis of MS and in diagnosis of disease activity. Plasma miRNA-145 could be also helpful in diagnosis of the transition from RRMS to SPMS.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90922044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.195005.1533
Somya Saxena, Rinku Bhagora, P. Solanki, Harshul Patidar
{"title":"Clinical Profile of Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Lesions of Ovary: A Prospective Observational Study from Central Indian population","authors":"Somya Saxena, Rinku Bhagora, P. Solanki, Harshul Patidar","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.195005.1533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.195005.1533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86524444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.222286.1616
S. Laha, Sayan Bera, R. Das, T. N. Ghosh, Nachiketa Dalai
. Abstract Background: Hydatidosis (hydatid disease) is a serious human cestode infection, caused by It ingested egg of Echinococcus. is endemic mostly in sheep or cattle-raising areas of the world This disease usually presents in adulthood and relatively uncommon in pediatric including India. population. Co-involvement of lungs and liver, known as hepatopulmonary hydatidosis (HPH) is found in around 6% cases of pediatric hydatid disease and very few cases have been reported previously from India. Case summary: In this case series we reported three 6 to 8 years old children from rural background with multiple hydatid cyst involving lungs and liver, who presented with non-specific respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms mimicking pneumonia or abdominal pathology. Chest X-ray followed by USG and CECT abdomen and thorax showed multiple cystic lesions of different dimensions in right middle and lower lobe of lungs along with right and left lobe of liver. Echinococcus IgG level in serum was high in all the children. They were treated with oral albendazole along with surgical interventions successfully with operative findings of ruptured cyst with hydatid sand and daughter cysts. Conclusion: Rarity of the pediatric hydatid disease involving both lungs and liver prompted us to report three children from rural background with multiple hydatid cyst in both liver and lung.
{"title":"Rare hepatopulmonary hydatidosis in children from a rural district of West Bengal, India: A case series","authors":"S. Laha, Sayan Bera, R. Das, T. N. Ghosh, Nachiketa Dalai","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.222286.1616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.222286.1616","url":null,"abstract":". Abstract Background: Hydatidosis (hydatid disease) is a serious human cestode infection, caused by It ingested egg of Echinococcus. is endemic mostly in sheep or cattle-raising areas of the world This disease usually presents in adulthood and relatively uncommon in pediatric including India. population. Co-involvement of lungs and liver, known as hepatopulmonary hydatidosis (HPH) is found in around 6% cases of pediatric hydatid disease and very few cases have been reported previously from India. Case summary: In this case series we reported three 6 to 8 years old children from rural background with multiple hydatid cyst involving lungs and liver, who presented with non-specific respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms mimicking pneumonia or abdominal pathology. Chest X-ray followed by USG and CECT abdomen and thorax showed multiple cystic lesions of different dimensions in right middle and lower lobe of lungs along with right and left lobe of liver. Echinococcus IgG level in serum was high in all the children. They were treated with oral albendazole along with surgical interventions successfully with operative findings of ruptured cyst with hydatid sand and daughter cysts. Conclusion: Rarity of the pediatric hydatid disease involving both lungs and liver prompted us to report three children from rural background with multiple hydatid cyst in both liver and lung.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76431019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2023.212553.1589
M. Thabet, Marwan S. Mahmoud, Ayman Hassan, Ehsan A. Hassan, Khaled M. A. Hassanein, M. Abdel-Rahim
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is still a fatal infection with high morbidity and mortality. Successful patient outcomes depend on prompt diagnosis and effective therapy. Blood cultures are usually time consuming and sometimes echocardiography is falsely negative. Thus, a straightforward blood test may assist early diagnosis of IE. Multiple studies have revealed that procalcitonin (PCT) was highly associated with bacteremia - the main diagnostic criteria for endocarditis - in patients with fever. Objectives: We aimed to assess the diagnostic significance of procalcitonin concentration in suspected patients of IE. Patients and methods: Twenty-two patients admitted to Assiut University Heart Hospital with a suspicion of IE were enrolled in a prospective study. Based on clinical, microbiological, and echocardiographic findings, Modified duke criteria were applied to the cases to confirm their diagnosis as definite, possible, or rejected IE cases before testing for procalcitonin was done. The study also included fifteen healthy volunteers for comparison with IE patients. Results: Procalcitonin was significantly higher (P-value <0.05) in patients diagnosed as definite and possible IE than with healthy volunteers. The area under the ROC curve was 0.705. At cutoff value of 0.425 ng/ml, the procalcitonin test's sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive values were 47.6%, 93.3%, 56%, and 90.9%, respectively. Conclusion: This study implies that procalcitonin may be a valuable supplementary diagnostic marker in IE diagnosis. A threshold value of 0.425 ng/ml should be used for ruling out endocarditis in routine clinical practice and the diagnosis of IE can be strongly excluded below this value.
{"title":"Validity of procalcitonin as diagnostic biomarker for infective endocarditis","authors":"M. Thabet, Marwan S. Mahmoud, Ayman Hassan, Ehsan A. Hassan, Khaled M. A. Hassanein, M. Abdel-Rahim","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2023.212553.1589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2023.212553.1589","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is still a fatal infection with high morbidity and mortality. Successful patient outcomes depend on prompt diagnosis and effective therapy. Blood cultures are usually time consuming and sometimes echocardiography is falsely negative. Thus, a straightforward blood test may assist early diagnosis of IE. Multiple studies have revealed that procalcitonin (PCT) was highly associated with bacteremia - the main diagnostic criteria for endocarditis - in patients with fever. Objectives: We aimed to assess the diagnostic significance of procalcitonin concentration in suspected patients of IE. Patients and methods: Twenty-two patients admitted to Assiut University Heart Hospital with a suspicion of IE were enrolled in a prospective study. Based on clinical, microbiological, and echocardiographic findings, Modified duke criteria were applied to the cases to confirm their diagnosis as definite, possible, or rejected IE cases before testing for procalcitonin was done. The study also included fifteen healthy volunteers for comparison with IE patients. Results: Procalcitonin was significantly higher (P-value <0.05) in patients diagnosed as definite and possible IE than with healthy volunteers. The area under the ROC curve was 0.705. At cutoff value of 0.425 ng/ml, the procalcitonin test's sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive values were 47.6%, 93.3%, 56%, and 90.9%, respectively. Conclusion: This study implies that procalcitonin may be a valuable supplementary diagnostic marker in IE diagnosis. A threshold value of 0.425 ng/ml should be used for ruling out endocarditis in routine clinical practice and the diagnosis of IE can be strongly excluded below this value.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75607480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svuijm.2022.178705.1463
S. Mousa, Amany Khairy Abo El Hussien, Nehal Kamal Mohamed, W. Nanous
Background: Spine surgery is usually associated with excessive blood loss that may necessitate a blood transfusion. Objectives: to evaluate the topical application of tranexamic acid versus hydrogen peroxide for hemostasis in patients undergoing elective spine surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients and Methods: One hundred twenty patients aged 20 to 60 participated in this prospective, randomized, single-blinded study. They were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Patients either receive topical tranexamic acid 2gm (Group T), 3% hydrogen peroxide (Group H), or normal saline in the control group (Group C), all in 100 mL volume, applied via irrigation before wound closure for 3 minutes. The primary endpoint was the estimation of postoperative blood loss within the first 48 hours. Secondary outcomes included: hemoglobin and hematocrit values, frequency of blood transfusion, and length of hospital stay. Results: There were differences in postoperative blood loss at the first and second 24 hours in group T (194.1 ml and 98.1 ml) compared to group H (328.2 ml and 199.5 ml) and groups C (367.5 ml and 227.5 ml) with a p-value of 0.001. Postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels after 48 hours were best in group T (11.2 gm/dl) compared to the H and C groups (10.97 and 10.52 gm/dl, respectively) with a p-value of 0.041. Incidences of postoperative blood loss > 500 ml, blood transfusion, and the length of hospital stay in days were the least in group T, with a p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: The present study proves that topical tranexamic acid is superior to hydrogen peroxide in reducing postoperative blood loss and preserving hemoglobin and hematocrit. It also shortened the period of hospital stay.
{"title":"The effect of application of topical tranexamic acid versus hydrogen peroxide on postoperative hemostasis in elective spine surgeries: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"S. Mousa, Amany Khairy Abo El Hussien, Nehal Kamal Mohamed, W. Nanous","doi":"10.21608/svuijm.2022.178705.1463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svuijm.2022.178705.1463","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spine surgery is usually associated with excessive blood loss that may necessitate a blood transfusion. Objectives: to evaluate the topical application of tranexamic acid versus hydrogen peroxide for hemostasis in patients undergoing elective spine surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients and Methods: One hundred twenty patients aged 20 to 60 participated in this prospective, randomized, single-blinded study. They were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Patients either receive topical tranexamic acid 2gm (Group T), 3% hydrogen peroxide (Group H), or normal saline in the control group (Group C), all in 100 mL volume, applied via irrigation before wound closure for 3 minutes. The primary endpoint was the estimation of postoperative blood loss within the first 48 hours. Secondary outcomes included: hemoglobin and hematocrit values, frequency of blood transfusion, and length of hospital stay. Results: There were differences in postoperative blood loss at the first and second 24 hours in group T (194.1 ml and 98.1 ml) compared to group H (328.2 ml and 199.5 ml) and groups C (367.5 ml and 227.5 ml) with a p-value of 0.001. Postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels after 48 hours were best in group T (11.2 gm/dl) compared to the H and C groups (10.97 and 10.52 gm/dl, respectively) with a p-value of 0.041. Incidences of postoperative blood loss > 500 ml, blood transfusion, and the length of hospital stay in days were the least in group T, with a p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: The present study proves that topical tranexamic acid is superior to hydrogen peroxide in reducing postoperative blood loss and preserving hemoglobin and hematocrit. It also shortened the period of hospital stay.","PeriodicalId":34789,"journal":{"name":"SVU International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78720125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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