首页 > 最新文献

Environmental Challenges最新文献

英文 中文
Human inventions and its environmental challenges, especially artificial intelligence: New challenges require new thinking 人类发明及其环境挑战,尤其是人工智能:新挑战需要新思维
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-07-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100976
Muhammad Adnan , Baohua Xiao , Muhammad Ubaid Ali , Shaheen Bibi , Hong Yu , Peiwen Xiao , Peng Zhao , Haiyan Wang , Xianjin An

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an umbrella term for a wide range of machine intelligence systems that can replicate the behavior of humans. AI and Big Data have emerged as defining characteristics of the fourth industrial revolution (IR). AI has developed tools. Because of the novelty, the investigation of IR, AI, and their environmental effects is still in the early stages of exploration. This study investigates how IR and AI affect human and environmental health and also discusses IR, AI, machine-human ideas, innovation, and AI's environmental benefits, further examines the challenges of these innovations, and recommends additional studies to explain their progress. As a result, the application of AI technology in environmental management, particularly concerning pollution, has become a significant advancement in reshaping our approach to monitoring the environment. Numerous countries are reaping substantial advantages by integrating AI in creating, executing, and assessing measures to address environmental degradation. These innovations can yield societal advantages and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030; unfortunately, it is important to acknowledge that these benefits may not align well with environmental sustainability objectives, and the increasing number of electronic gadgets presents an additional concern. Conducting future research is crucial to investigate the growing prevalence of electronic devices utilized for AI, its potential ramifications for the future trajectory of climate change, and the approaches being taken to address the issue. Future research should prioritize conducting lifecycle environmental impact analyses, developing sustainable AI hardware, optimizing renewable energy usage, advancing climate modeling techniques, finding effective solutions for managing e-waste, utilizing AI for environmental monitoring and protection, conducting socio-environmental impact studies, developing policies and regulations, creating energy-efficient AI algorithms, and integrating circular economy principles to ensure that AI advancements align with environmental sustainability.

人工智能(AI)是一系列能够复制人类行为的机器智能系统的总称。人工智能和大数据已成为第四次工业革命(IR)的决定性特征。人工智能已开发出工具。由于其新颖性,对 IR、AI 及其环境影响的研究仍处于早期探索阶段。本研究调查了 IR 和人工智能如何影响人类和环境健康,还讨论了 IR、人工智能、机器-人类思想、创新和人工智能的环境效益,进一步研究了这些创新所面临的挑战,并建议开展更多研究来解释其进展。因此,人工智能技术在环境管理方面的应用,尤其是在污染方面的应用,已成为重塑环境监测方法的一大进步。许多国家正在通过将人工智能整合到创建、执行和评估措施中来解决环境退化问题,从而获得巨大优势。这些创新可以产生社会优势,并有助于实现 2030 年可持续发展目标(SDGs);遗憾的是,我们必须承认,这些优势可能与环境可持续发展目标并不一致,而且越来越多的电子产品也带来了额外的担忧。未来的研究对于调查人工智能电子设备的日益普及、其对未来气候变化轨迹的潜在影响以及解决这一问题的方法至关重要。未来的研究应优先开展生命周期环境影响分析、开发可持续的人工智能硬件、优化可再生能源的使用、推进气候建模技术、找到管理电子垃圾的有效解决方案、利用人工智能进行环境监测和保护、开展社会环境影响研究、制定政策和法规、创建节能的人工智能算法,以及整合循环经济原则,以确保人工智能的进步与环境的可持续发展相一致。
{"title":"Human inventions and its environmental challenges, especially artificial intelligence: New challenges require new thinking","authors":"Muhammad Adnan ,&nbsp;Baohua Xiao ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ubaid Ali ,&nbsp;Shaheen Bibi ,&nbsp;Hong Yu ,&nbsp;Peiwen Xiao ,&nbsp;Peng Zhao ,&nbsp;Haiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Xianjin An","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is an umbrella term for a wide range of machine intelligence systems that can replicate the behavior of humans. AI and Big Data have emerged as defining characteristics of the fourth industrial revolution (IR). AI has developed tools. Because of the novelty, the investigation of IR, AI, and their environmental effects is still in the early stages of exploration. This study investigates how IR and AI affect human and environmental health and also discusses IR, AI, machine-human ideas, innovation, and AI's environmental benefits, further examines the challenges of these innovations, and recommends additional studies to explain their progress. As a result, the application of AI technology in environmental management, particularly concerning pollution, has become a significant advancement in reshaping our approach to monitoring the environment. Numerous countries are reaping substantial advantages by integrating AI in creating, executing, and assessing measures to address environmental degradation. These innovations can yield societal advantages and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030; unfortunately, it is important to acknowledge that these benefits may not align well with environmental sustainability objectives, and the increasing number of electronic gadgets presents an additional concern. Conducting future research is crucial to investigate the growing prevalence of electronic devices utilized for AI, its potential ramifications for the future trajectory of climate change, and the approaches being taken to address the issue. Future research should prioritize conducting lifecycle environmental impact analyses, developing sustainable AI hardware, optimizing renewable energy usage, advancing climate modeling techniques, finding effective solutions for managing e-waste, utilizing AI for environmental monitoring and protection, conducting socio-environmental impact studies, developing policies and regulations, creating energy-efficient AI algorithms, and integrating circular economy principles to ensure that AI advancements align with environmental sustainability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001422/pdfft?md5=f37d6309b636d7e5e92ab2aedb7cc2fa&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001422-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Designing and operationalising extended producer responsibility under the EU Green Deal 设计和实施欧盟 "绿色交易 "下的生产者延伸责任
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100977
Pravin Kumar Mallick , Kim Bang Salling , Daniela C.A. Pigosso , Tim C. McAloone

Extended producer responsibility (EPR) as a policy principle has been in practice in different product-country settings for a few decades now, and yet its implementation, as well as the outcomes, have varied. Amid the sustainability crises posed by the take-make-dispose-based linear economy and the transgression of the various planetary boundaries, governments worldwide are increasingly embracing CE-related policies, more so in the EU, with the Green Deal ushering in a wave of legislative transformations. Given this background, there is an urgent need for both policymakers and manufacturers to transition EPR from a mere waste management strategy to what can be termed as an “interface policy”, covering the interdisciplinary areas of circular economy, chemicals and waste law.

Drawing upon insights from academic and grey literature, this paper contributes to characterising the system architecture underpinning EPR. It develops a conceptual framework using a life cycle thinking process through which EPR can be analysed, agreed upon, and operationalised. Such a conceptual framework can be helpful in governmental bodies tasked with framing effective EPR policies and for industry stakeholders responsible for take-back system design and implementation.

作为一项政策原则,生产者延伸责任(EPR)在不同产品国家的实践已有几十年,但其实施情况和结果却各不相同。在以 "索取-制造-废弃 "为基础的线性经济所带来的可持续发展危机中,以及在各种地球极限被突破的情况下,世界各国政府正越来越多地采用与生产者延伸责任相关的政策,欧盟的情况更是如此,"绿色交易"(Green Deal)带来了一波立法改革浪潮。在此背景下,政策制定者和制造商都迫切需要将 EPR 从单纯的废物管理策略转变为 "接口政策",涵盖循环经济、化学品和废物法等跨学科领域。本文利用生命周期思维过程建立了一个概念框架,通过该框架可以对 EPR 进行分析、达成一致并使其可操作化。这种概念框架有助于负责制定有效的 EPR 政策的政府机构以及负责回收系统设计和实施的行业利益相关者。
{"title":"Designing and operationalising extended producer responsibility under the EU Green Deal","authors":"Pravin Kumar Mallick ,&nbsp;Kim Bang Salling ,&nbsp;Daniela C.A. Pigosso ,&nbsp;Tim C. McAloone","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extended producer responsibility (EPR) as a policy principle has been in practice in different product-country settings for a few decades now, and yet its implementation, as well as the outcomes, have varied. Amid the sustainability crises posed by the take-make-dispose-based linear economy and the transgression of the various planetary boundaries, governments worldwide are increasingly embracing CE-related policies, more so in the EU, with the Green Deal ushering in a wave of legislative transformations. Given this background, there is an urgent need for both policymakers and manufacturers to transition EPR from a mere waste management strategy to what can be termed as an “interface policy”, covering the interdisciplinary areas of circular economy, chemicals and waste law.</p><p>Drawing upon insights from academic and grey literature, this paper contributes to characterising the system architecture underpinning EPR. It develops a conceptual framework using a life cycle thinking process through which EPR can be analysed, agreed upon, and operationalised. Such a conceptual framework can be helpful in governmental bodies tasked with framing effective EPR policies and for industry stakeholders responsible for take-back system design and implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001434/pdfft?md5=189d05e5a20e0e19fc49fd21841e1e12&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001434-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Projected rising temperatures and vapour pressure deficit threaten Arabica coffee production Tanzania's burgeoning coffee region: Empirical insight from Mbinga district, Tanzania 预计气温升高和蒸汽压力不足将威胁阿拉比卡咖啡的生产 坦桑尼亚新兴的咖啡产区:坦桑尼亚姆宾加地区的经验启示
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100974
Ng'winamila Kasongi , Nestory Yamungu , Caleb Gallemore , Kristjan Jespersen

Tanzania is emerging as a key coffee producer, but climate change poses a serious threat to coffee production in the country. While extensive literature addresses climatic variables’ trends and variability in coffee-growing regions globally, elevation, a crucial factor in coffee cultivation, is often overlooked. This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the future trends and variability of climatic variables identified in previous studies being crucial for Arabica coffee (rainfall, temperature, and vapor pressure Deficit (VPD)) during different phenological stages of Arabica coffee growth across three elevation zones (lowland, midland, and highland). We study the Mbinga district, now a major Arabica-producing area and the forefront of hopes for expanding production in Tanzania. We used a Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) of two Global Circulation Models (GCMs) to estimate the future trends and variability of rainfall, temperature, and VPD under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios from 2023 to 2064. We analyzed these data using non-parametric trend analysis (Mann-Kendal and Sen's slope test estimation) and standardized anomalies. Our results suggest that both temperatures (minimum and maximum) and VPD during critical flowering and growing seasons are projected to increase significantly over the next 42 years across all elevation zones under both emission scenarios. The mean annual temperatures across elevation zones in Mbinga are projected to surpass the optimal temperature envelope (23 °C) for producing quality Arabica, challenging the notion that the highlands might serve as a refuge for future production. The mean annual VPD in the lowlands are projected to surpass the optimal envelope (0.82 kPa) for Arabica productivity from 2023 to 2064 under both emission scenarios, while midlands are projected to surpass the optimal VPD envelope from mid-2040s onwards in constrast, the highlands are projected to stay within the optimal VPD envelope for Arabica productivity from 2023 to 2064 under both emission scenarios. Nevertheless, as highlands are projected to get more warmer in the future because of rising temperatures, this hope might not be feasible in the post-2064. To secure Mbinga's future in global coffee value chains, the Tanzanian government and stakeholders must support adaptation measures, enhancing smallholders’ resilience against climate-induced disruptions.

坦桑尼亚正在成为一个重要的咖啡生产国,但气候变化对该国的咖啡生产构成了严重威胁。虽然大量文献探讨了全球咖啡种植区气候变量的趋势和变化,但海拔这一咖啡种植的关键因素却常常被忽视。本文旨在填补这一知识空白,研究了以往研究中发现的对阿拉比卡咖啡至关重要的气候变量(降雨、温度和蒸汽压力不足(VPD))在三个海拔区(低地、中地和高地)阿拉比卡咖啡生长的不同物候期的未来趋势和变异性。我们研究了姆宾加地区,该地区目前是阿拉比卡咖啡的主要产区,也是坦桑尼亚希望扩大生产的前沿地区。我们使用由两个全球环流模型(GCM)组成的多模型集合(MME)来估算 2023 年至 2064 年 SSP2-4.5 和 SSP5-8.5 情景下降雨、温度和 VPD 的未来趋势和变化。我们使用非参数趋势分析(Mann-Kendal 和 Sen 的斜率检验估计)和标准化异常值对这些数据进行了分析。我们的结果表明,在两种排放情景下,预计未来 42 年内所有海拔区关键开花和生长季节的气温(最低气温和最高气温)和 VPD 都将显著增加。预计姆宾加各海拔区的年平均气温将超过生产优质阿拉比卡的最佳温度范围(23 °C),这对高地可能成为未来生产避难所的观点提出了挑战。在两种排放情景下,预计从 2023 年到 2064 年,低地的年平均 VPD 将超过阿拉比卡产量的最佳范围(0.82 kPa),而中地预计从 2040 年代中期开始将超过最佳 VPD 范围;相反,在两种排放情景下,预计从 2023 年到 2064 年,高地的阿拉比卡产量将保持在最佳 VPD 范围内。然而,由于气温升高,预计未来高地将变得更加温暖,这一希望在 2064 年后可能不再可行。为了确保姆宾加未来在全球咖啡价值链中的地位,坦桑尼亚政府和利益相关者必须支持适应措施,增强小农户抵御气候干扰的能力。
{"title":"Projected rising temperatures and vapour pressure deficit threaten Arabica coffee production Tanzania's burgeoning coffee region: Empirical insight from Mbinga district, Tanzania","authors":"Ng'winamila Kasongi ,&nbsp;Nestory Yamungu ,&nbsp;Caleb Gallemore ,&nbsp;Kristjan Jespersen","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tanzania is emerging as a key coffee producer, but climate change poses a serious threat to coffee production in the country. While extensive literature addresses climatic variables’ trends and variability in coffee-growing regions globally, elevation, a crucial factor in coffee cultivation, is often overlooked. This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the future trends and variability of climatic variables identified in previous studies being crucial for Arabica coffee (rainfall, temperature, and vapor pressure Deficit (VPD)) during different phenological stages of Arabica coffee growth across three elevation zones (lowland, midland, and highland). We study the Mbinga district, now a major Arabica-producing area and the forefront of hopes for expanding production in Tanzania. We used a Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) of two Global Circulation Models (GCMs) to estimate the future trends and variability of rainfall, temperature, and VPD under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios from 2023 to 2064. We analyzed these data using non-parametric trend analysis (Mann-Kendal and Sen's slope test estimation) and standardized anomalies. Our results suggest that both temperatures (minimum and maximum) and VPD during critical flowering and growing seasons are projected to increase significantly over the next 42 years across all elevation zones under both emission scenarios. The mean annual temperatures across elevation zones in Mbinga are projected to surpass the optimal temperature envelope (23 °C) for producing quality Arabica, challenging the notion that the highlands might serve as a refuge for future production. The mean annual VPD in the lowlands are projected to surpass the optimal envelope (0.82 kPa) for Arabica productivity from 2023 to 2064 under both emission scenarios, while midlands are projected to surpass the optimal VPD envelope from mid-2040s onwards in constrast, the highlands are projected to stay within the optimal VPD envelope for Arabica productivity from 2023 to 2064 under both emission scenarios. Nevertheless, as highlands are projected to get more warmer in the future because of rising temperatures, this hope might not be feasible in the post-2064. To secure Mbinga's future in global coffee value chains, the Tanzanian government and stakeholders must support adaptation measures, enhancing smallholders’ resilience against climate-induced disruptions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001409/pdfft?md5=08e5f69211418c4eb1d20bbd2d65bd74&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001409-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Climate change in Tigray, Ethiopia: Assessing impacts on smallholders’ risk perception and food security 埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区的气候变化:评估对小农风险意识和粮食安全的影响
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100972
Tadele Tafese Habtie , Ermias Teferi , Fantu Guta

Amidst the ongoing global climate change crisis, characterized by unpredictable weather patterns and increasing environmental shocks, farming communities are among the most vulnerable. This vulnerability is particularly evident in Tigray, Ethiopia. This study, which investigates the incidence of climate change and its variability in relation to risk perception and food security of farming communities in Tigray, has significant implications for future action. It uses climate and the Living Standards Measurement Study panel data. A multi-method analytical procedure is employed to assess changes in temperature and rainfall, understand farmers’ climate change risk perception, and signify the welfare effects of droughts on farmers. The study finds significant warming trends, particularly increasing warming nights, and variable but increasing rainfall trends. Farmers do perceive climate change as a reality (85.53%) and a threat to their welfare (23%). Cooperation, diversification, irrigation, wealth, drought, and access to services were identified as drivers of this risk perception. Similarly, the study found drought is a significant driver of food insecurity. Other variables associated with food security status substantially are wealth, head marital status, and non-farm participation. It concludes that climate change is a reality and a perceived risk in Tigray. It poses a threat to the lives and livelihoods of its farming communities. It is recommended that farm households’ adaptive capacity be enhanced through improved livelihood options, promotion of cooperation, development of irrigation schemes, and increased access to weather and climate information.

全球气候变化危机持续不断,天气模式变幻莫测,环境冲击日益加剧,在这种情况下,农业社区是最脆弱的群体之一。这种脆弱性在埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区尤为明显。本研究调查了气候变化的发生率及其可变性与提格雷地区农业社区的风险意识和粮食安全的关系,对未来的行动具有重要意义。研究使用了气候和生活水平衡量研究的面板数据。采用多种方法分析程序来评估气温和降雨量的变化,了解农民对气候变化风险的认识,以及干旱对农民福利的影响。研究发现,气候变暖趋势明显,尤其是夜间气温不断升高,降雨量的变化趋势多变但不断增加。农民确实认为气候变化是一个现实(85.53%),并对他们的福利构成威胁(23%)。合作、多样化、灌溉、财富、干旱和获得服务被认为是这种风险意识的驱动因素。同样,研究发现干旱也是粮食不安全的一个重要驱动因素。与粮食安全状况密切相关的其他变量包括财富、户主婚姻状况和非农业参与。研究得出结论认为,气候变化是提格雷地区的一个现实,也是一种可感知的风险。它对农业社区的生活和生计构成了威胁。建议通过改善生计选择、促进合作、发展灌溉计划以及增加获取天气和气候信息的机会来提高农户的适应能力。
{"title":"Climate change in Tigray, Ethiopia: Assessing impacts on smallholders’ risk perception and food security","authors":"Tadele Tafese Habtie ,&nbsp;Ermias Teferi ,&nbsp;Fantu Guta","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amidst the ongoing global climate change crisis, characterized by unpredictable weather patterns and increasing environmental shocks, farming communities are among the most vulnerable. This vulnerability is particularly evident in Tigray, Ethiopia. This study, which investigates the incidence of climate change and its variability in relation to risk perception and food security of farming communities in Tigray, has significant implications for future action. It uses climate and the Living Standards Measurement Study panel data. A multi-method analytical procedure is employed to assess changes in temperature and rainfall, understand farmers’ climate change risk perception, and signify the welfare effects of droughts on farmers. The study finds significant warming trends, particularly increasing warming nights, and variable but increasing rainfall trends. Farmers do perceive climate change as a reality (85.53%) and a threat to their welfare (23%). Cooperation, diversification, irrigation, wealth, drought, and access to services were identified as drivers of this risk perception. Similarly, the study found drought is a significant driver of food insecurity. Other variables associated with food security status substantially are wealth, head marital status, and non-farm participation. It concludes that climate change is a reality and a perceived risk in Tigray. It poses a threat to the lives and livelihoods of its farming communities. It is recommended that farm households’ adaptive capacity be enhanced through improved livelihood options, promotion of cooperation, development of irrigation schemes, and increased access to weather and climate information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001380/pdfft?md5=69e5d788e16968f47bf6161d41bfc462&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001380-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of emission trading schemes and government pressure on corporate climate change disclosure in China 排放交易计划和政府压力对中国企业气候变化信息披露的影响
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100979
Sailu Zhang

With the various impacts of global warming and climate change on businesses, corporate climate change disclosure has become a highly prominent topic in recent years, drawing significant attention from various sectors of society. In emerging economies experiencing rapid economic growth, such as China, climate change disclosure holds significant relevance for businesses in presenting their sustainability efforts to their stakeholders and society. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the key factors propelling climate change disclosure. This study focuses on listed companies in the pilot regions of China's Emissions Trading Scheme (CN-ETS) to explore the influence of external factors on disclosure performance. The difference-in-differences approach is conducted to examine the impact of ETS policy implementation on corporate climate change disclosure. The results indicate that ETS does have a certain level of effect on disclosure performance. Additionally, the influence is more significant for companies facing higher government pressure. Our findings provide several policy implications for the future development of climate management and corporate climate change disclosure practices in China and other emerging economies.

随着全球变暖和气候变化对企业的各种影响,企业气候变化信息披露近年来已成为一个非常突出的话题,引起了社会各界的高度关注。在中国等经济快速增长的新兴经济体,气候变化信息披露对于企业向利益相关方和社会展示其可持续发展努力具有重要意义。因此,有必要研究推动气候变化信息披露的关键因素。本研究以中国排污权交易试点地区的上市公司为研究对象,探讨外部因素对信息披露绩效的影响。研究采用差分法考察排放交易计划政策实施对企业气候变化信息披露的影响。结果表明,ETS 对信息披露绩效有一定程度的影响。此外,这种影响对面临较大政府压力的企业更为显著。我们的研究结果为中国和其他新兴经济体气候管理和企业气候变化信息披露实践的未来发展提供了一些政策启示。
{"title":"The impact of emission trading schemes and government pressure on corporate climate change disclosure in China","authors":"Sailu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the various impacts of global warming and climate change on businesses, corporate climate change disclosure has become a highly prominent topic in recent years, drawing significant attention from various sectors of society. In emerging economies experiencing rapid economic growth, such as China, climate change disclosure holds significant relevance for businesses in presenting their sustainability efforts to their stakeholders and society. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the key factors propelling climate change disclosure. This study focuses on listed companies in the pilot regions of China's Emissions Trading Scheme (CN-ETS) to explore the influence of external factors on disclosure performance. The difference-in-differences approach is conducted to examine the impact of ETS policy implementation on corporate climate change disclosure. The results indicate that ETS does have a certain level of effect on disclosure performance. Additionally, the influence is more significant for companies facing higher government pressure. Our findings provide several policy implications for the future development of climate management and corporate climate change disclosure practices in China and other emerging economies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001458/pdfft?md5=f7a8c58cfc0e514c48a5729224284794&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001458-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regeneration of rural rice farmers in Central Java Province 中爪哇省农村稻农的再生
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100971
Susi Wuri Ani, Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto, Lestari Rahayu Waluyati, Masyhuri

Central Java Province is one of the rice production centers in Java Island which plays a role in supporting national food availability. The phenomenon of a decrease in the number of agricultural business households over 10 years by 16.3 % indicates a shift in the interest of people working in the agricultural sector, switching to other sectors outside the agricultural sector. The lack of interest of the younger generation in farming indicates the phenomenon of a shift in community interest in the agricultural sector. This is inseparable from the regeneration of farmers in rural areas. This research uses the basic method of descriptive analysis. The research location was determined by purposive method so that the district with the largest average harvest area and rice production, namely Grobogan District and the location that reflects the adoption of technology, namely Sukoharjo District. The number of research samples was 250 samples of rice farmers in Central Java Province. Factors affecting the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province were analyzed by SEM PLS. The results of the inner model analysis showed (1) latent variables of individual characteristics, socio-cultural environment, and farmer empowerment significantly positive effect on the performance of rice farmers, (2) economic environment variables and farm management had, a significantly negative effect on the performance of rice farmers, (3) latent variables of socio-cultural environment, economic environment, and performance of rice farmers have a significant positive effect on the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province and (4) variable farmer empowerment has a significant negative effect on the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province. The results of the model fit analysis and quality indices show that the model fit test has been fit (ideal).

中爪哇省是爪哇岛的稻米生产中心之一,在支持国家粮食供应方面发挥着重要作用。10 年间,农业经营户数量减少了 16.3%,这一现象表明农业部门从业人员的兴趣发生了转移,转而从事农业部门以外的其他行业。年轻一代对农业缺乏兴趣,这表明社区对农业部门的兴趣发生了转移。这与农村地区农民的再生是分不开的。本研究采用描述性分析的基本方法。研究地点是通过目的性方法确定的,即平均收获面积和水稻产量最大的地区,即格罗博根地区,以及反映技术采用情况的地区,即苏科哈尔乔地区。研究样本数量为中爪哇省 250 个稻农样本。通过 SEM PLS 分析了影响中爪哇省稻农再生的因素。内模型分析结果表明:(1)个人特征、社会文化环境和农民赋权等潜变量对稻农的绩效有显著的正向影响;(2)经济环境变量和农场管理对稻农的绩效有显著的负向影响;(3)社会文化环境、经济环境和稻农绩效等潜变量对中爪哇省稻农的再生有显著的正向影响;(4)农民赋权变量对中爪哇省稻农的再生有显著的负向影响。模型拟合分析和质量指标的结果表明,模型拟合检验结果为拟合(理想)。
{"title":"Regeneration of rural rice farmers in Central Java Province","authors":"Susi Wuri Ani,&nbsp;Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto,&nbsp;Lestari Rahayu Waluyati,&nbsp;Masyhuri","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Central Java Province is one of the rice production centers in Java Island which plays a role in supporting national food availability. The phenomenon of a decrease in the number of agricultural business households over 10 years by 16.3 % indicates a shift in the interest of people working in the agricultural sector, switching to other sectors outside the agricultural sector. The lack of interest of the younger generation in farming indicates the phenomenon of a shift in community interest in the agricultural sector. This is inseparable from the regeneration of farmers in rural areas. This research uses the basic method of descriptive analysis. The research location was determined by purposive method so that the district with the largest average harvest area and rice production, namely Grobogan District and the location that reflects the adoption of technology, namely Sukoharjo District. The number of research samples was 250 samples of rice farmers in Central Java Province. Factors affecting the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province were analyzed by SEM PLS. The results of the inner model analysis showed (1) latent variables of individual characteristics, socio-cultural environment, and farmer empowerment significantly positive effect on the performance of rice farmers, (2) economic environment variables and farm management had, a significantly negative effect on the performance of rice farmers, (3) latent variables of socio-cultural environment, economic environment, and performance of rice farmers have a significant positive effect on the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province and (4) variable farmer empowerment has a significant negative effect on the regeneration of rice farmers in Central Java Province. The results of the model fit analysis and quality indices show that the model fit test has been fit (ideal).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001379/pdfft?md5=4eedd8e29de78d0a41d963d0af94f979&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001379-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A state-of-the-art review (2019–2023) on constructed wetlands for greywater treatment and reuse 关于用于灰水处理和回用的建构湿地的最新综述(2019-2023 年
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100973
Joice Santos , Sara Rodrigues , Marcelo Magalhães , Kelly Rodrigues , Luciana Pereira , Glória Marinho

Faced with increasing water scarcity, the potential of greywater reuse stands out, but requires effective treatment of to remove organic matter, pathogens, surfactants, and suspended solids. Constructed Wetlands (CW) are sustainable and decentralized technologies gaining increasing prominence for this propose. They are recognized for their low-cost, simplicity, and effectiveness in wastewater treatment, producing effluents that meet quality standards for reuse. Despite their advantages, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the factors that influence their performance and efficiency. This review aims to fill this gap by systematically analyzing the current research on CW technology, identifying key variables that affect its application and potential for improvement. A systematic review considering the period 2019–2023 was carried out using Methodi Ordinatio, a multicriteria decision-making methodology. The search databases were Science direct, Web of science and Scopus. This approach involves structures process for selecting scientific articles, resulting in a bibliographic portfolio of recent studies,. The initial search yielded 291 retrieved titles, and through multicriteria selection, 48 studies were chosen for in-depth analysis. Existing studies allowed to evaluate the ways in which CW systems are applied. The review highlights how CW systems are applied, the influence of substrates type, plants, and operational criteria which emerged as the primary factors influencing the technology's performance. This review also highlights the growing use of construction waste and biochar as substrates, which have shown promise in enhancing CW efficiency. Despite the focus on greywater "reuse", for articles selection, it was observed that the topic was scarcely addressed, thus suggesting that studies on CW application for greywater water reuse remains underexplored. This review provides a state-of-the-art synthesis of CW technology, offering valuable insights into how specific design and operational choices impact system effectiveness. It serves as a worthwhile resource for enhancing the efficiency and application of CW in sustainable wastewater management.

面对日益严重的水资源短缺问题,中水回用的潜力十分突出,但需要进行有效处理,以去除有机物、病原体、表面活性剂和悬浮固体。构筑湿地(CW)是一种可持续的分散式技术,在这方面的应用日益突出。它们在废水处理方面被公认为成本低、简单有效,产生的污水符合再利用的质量标准。尽管它们具有诸多优势,但仍有必要深入了解影响其性能和效率的因素。本综述旨在通过系统分析当前有关化学武器技术的研究,确定影响其应用和改进潜力的关键变量,从而填补这一空白。本综述采用多标准决策方法(Methodi Ordinatio)对 2019-2023 年期间进行了系统综述。检索数据库为 Science direct、Web of science 和 Scopus。这种方法涉及选择科学文章的结构过程,最终形成近期研究的书目组合。最初的搜索产生了 291 个检索标题,通过多标准选择,选出了 48 项研究进行深入分析。通过现有研究,可以评估化学武器系统的应用方式。综述强调了化武系统的应用方式、基质类型、植物和操作标准的影响,这些都是影响技术性能的主要因素。本综述还重点介绍了建筑垃圾和生物炭作为基质的日益广泛的应用,它们在提高化武效率方面已显示出良好的前景。尽管文章重点关注中水 "回用 "问题,但在文章选择方面,我们发现几乎没有涉及这一主题,这表明有关化学武器在中水回用方面应用的研究仍然不足。本综述对化武技术进行了最先进的综述,就具体的设计和操作选择如何影响系统的有效性提供了宝贵的见解。它为提高化学武器在可持续废水管理中的效率和应用提供了有价值的资源。
{"title":"A state-of-the-art review (2019–2023) on constructed wetlands for greywater treatment and reuse","authors":"Joice Santos ,&nbsp;Sara Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Marcelo Magalhães ,&nbsp;Kelly Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Luciana Pereira ,&nbsp;Glória Marinho","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Faced with increasing water scarcity, the potential of greywater reuse stands out, but requires effective treatment of to remove organic matter, pathogens, surfactants, and suspended solids. Constructed Wetlands (CW) are sustainable and decentralized technologies gaining increasing prominence for this propose. They are recognized for their low-cost, simplicity, and effectiveness in wastewater treatment, producing effluents that meet quality standards for reuse. Despite their advantages, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the factors that influence their performance and efficiency. This review aims to fill this gap by systematically analyzing the current research on CW technology, identifying key variables that affect its application and potential for improvement. A systematic review considering the period 2019–2023 was carried out using Methodi Ordinatio, a multicriteria decision-making methodology. The search databases were Science direct, Web of science and Scopus. This approach involves structures process for selecting scientific articles, resulting in a bibliographic portfolio of recent studies,. The initial search yielded 291 retrieved titles, and through multicriteria selection, 48 studies were chosen for in-depth analysis. Existing studies allowed to evaluate the ways in which CW systems are applied. The review highlights how CW systems are applied, the influence of substrates type, plants, and operational criteria which emerged as the primary factors influencing the technology's performance. This review also highlights the growing use of construction waste and biochar as substrates, which have shown promise in enhancing CW efficiency. Despite the focus on greywater \"reuse\", for articles selection, it was observed that the topic was scarcely addressed, thus suggesting that studies on CW application for greywater water reuse remains underexplored. This review provides a state-of-the-art synthesis of CW technology, offering valuable insights into how specific design and operational choices impact system effectiveness. It serves as a worthwhile resource for enhancing the efficiency and application of CW in sustainable wastewater management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001392/pdfft?md5=6b27c48fc1dec06eda0e25509ebae8ef&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001392-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141540212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling air pollution around major dumpsites in Lagos State using geospatial methods with solutions 利用地理空间方法对拉各斯州主要垃圾场周围的空气污染进行建模并提供解决方案
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100969
Samson Olugbenga Daramola , Esther Oluwafunmilayo Makinde

Air pollution is gradually becoming a major health concern globally and Nigeria is especially susceptible to air pollution Available data indicates that vehicular traffics, industries, wildfire and biomass burning are significant sources of air pollutants such as Particulate Matter PM, Carbon Monoxide CO, Nitrogen Dioxide NO2, Sulphur Dioxide SO2 and Volatile Organic Compounds VOCs in the air in Lagos State. The aim of this study is to perform geospatial modelling of air pollution around Olusosun and Solous dumpsites in Lagos State. The study analyses, assesses, and predicts air pollution emission in these dumpsites and examines their possible health impact on residents. Using both ground and satellite-based data, different GIS techniques were used to model this pollution concentration. These methods include Kriging, Regression, and Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LANDGEM) which helps to analyse, model and predict the air pollutant levels around these dumpsite. The average pollution level of Particulate Matter with a diameter that is 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) in Olusosun was 94.29 μg/m3 while those in Solous was 94.12 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. This is way above the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO which is 15 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. This is similar to the high pollution level of NO2 which was 237.64 μg/m3 in Olusosun and 255.84 μg/m3 in Solous as against the WHO Air Quality Guideline of 25 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. SO2 level is also varyingly high in Olusosun and Solous. The reading of 109.27 μg/m3 in Olusosun is considerably high as compared to the reading of 43.82 μg/m3 in Solous. However, both readings are relatively higher than the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO which was 40 μg/m3. The CO air quality level of 0.55 mg/m3 in Olusosun and 0.52 mg/m3 in Solous is within the accepted level of the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO. This shows that CO is not a pollution threat in the major dumpsites in Lagos. This is similar to the readings of PM5 and PM10 which are within the WHO Air Quality Guidelines over a 24 h period. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data shows a trend of increasing concentration of PM2.5 over the 5 study months due to an increase in the quantity of waste disposal, which shows that high waste disposal is directly proportional to high level of PM2.5. It is recommended that living farther (more than 15 km) away from the dumpsites can reduce the high risk of air pollution and its related diseases for residents. Also, there is need for proper incineration and maintenance of waste to reduce the level of air and other pollutants in and around the dumpsites.

空气污染正逐渐成为全球关注的主要健康问题,而尼日利亚尤其容易受到空气污染的影响。现有数据表明,车辆交通、工业、野火和生物质燃烧是拉各斯州空气中颗粒物质 PM、一氧化碳 CO、二氧化氮 NO2、二氧化硫 SO2 和挥发性有机化合物 VOC 等空气污染物的重要来源。本研究旨在对拉各斯州 Olusosun 和 Solous 垃圾场周围的空气污染进行地理空间建模。该研究分析、评估和预测了这些垃圾场的空气污染排放情况,并研究了其对居民健康可能造成的影响。利用地面数据和卫星数据,采用不同的 GIS 技术对污染浓度进行建模。这些方法包括克里金法、回归法和垃圾填埋场气体排放模型(LANDGEM),它们有助于分析、模拟和预测这些垃圾场周围的空气污染物水平。在 24 小时内,Olusosun 地区直径为 2.5 微米的颗粒物质(PM2.5)的平均污染水平为 94.29 微克/立方米,而 Solous 地区的平均污染水平为 94.12 微克/立方米。这远远超过了世界卫生组织建议的空气质量准则(24 小时内为 15 微克/立方米)。这与二氧化氮的高污染水平类似,Olusosun 和 Solous 的二氧化氮污染水平分别为 237.64 微克/立方米和 255.84 微克/立方米,而世卫组织的空气质量指导值分别为 24 小时 25 微克/立方米。奥卢索桑和索罗斯的二氧化硫含量也偏高。奥卢索桑的读数为 109.27 微克/立方米,比索洛斯的读数 43.82 微克/立方米高出很多。不过,这两个读数都相对高于世界卫生组织建议的空气质量指导值 40 μg/m3。Olusosun 和 Solous 的一氧化碳空气质量水平分别为 0.55 毫克/立方米和 0.52 毫克/立方米,均在世界卫生组织建议的空气质量准则的可接受水平之内。这表明,在拉各斯的主要垃圾场,一氧化碳并不构成污染威胁。这与 24 小时内 PM5 和 PM10 的读数相似,都在世界卫生组织空气质量准则的范围之内。中分辨率成像分光仪(MODIS)的数据显示,由于垃圾处理量的增加,PM2.5 的浓度在 5 个研究月内呈上升趋势。建议居民居住在离垃圾场较远(15 公里以上)的地方,这样可以降低空气污染及其相关疾病对居民造成的高风险。此外,还需要对垃圾进行适当的焚烧和维护,以降低垃圾场及其周围的空气和其他污染物水平。
{"title":"Modeling air pollution around major dumpsites in Lagos State using geospatial methods with solutions","authors":"Samson Olugbenga Daramola ,&nbsp;Esther Oluwafunmilayo Makinde","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air pollution is gradually becoming a major health concern globally and Nigeria is especially susceptible to air pollution Available data indicates that vehicular traffics, industries, wildfire and biomass burning are significant sources of air pollutants such as Particulate Matter PM, Carbon Monoxide CO, Nitrogen Dioxide NO2, Sulphur Dioxide SO2 and Volatile Organic Compounds VOCs in the air in Lagos State. The aim of this study is to perform geospatial modelling of air pollution around Olusosun and Solous dumpsites in Lagos State. The study analyses, assesses, and predicts air pollution emission in these dumpsites and examines their possible health impact on residents. Using both ground and satellite-based data, different GIS techniques were used to model this pollution concentration. These methods include Kriging, Regression, and Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LANDGEM) which helps to analyse, model and predict the air pollutant levels around these dumpsite. The average pollution level of Particulate Matter with a diameter that is 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) in Olusosun was 94.29 μg/m3 while those in Solous was 94.12 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. This is way above the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO which is 15 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. This is similar to the high pollution level of NO2 which was 237.64 μg/m3 in Olusosun and 255.84 μg/m3 in Solous as against the WHO Air Quality Guideline of 25 μg/m3 over a 24 h period. SO2 level is also varyingly high in Olusosun and Solous. The reading of 109.27 μg/m3 in Olusosun is considerably high as compared to the reading of 43.82 μg/m3 in Solous. However, both readings are relatively higher than the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO which was 40 μg/m3. The CO air quality level of 0.55 mg/m3 in Olusosun and 0.52 mg/m3 in Solous is within the accepted level of the Air Quality Guideline recommended by the WHO. This shows that CO is not a pollution threat in the major dumpsites in Lagos. This is similar to the readings of PM5 and PM10 which are within the WHO Air Quality Guidelines over a 24 h period. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data shows a trend of increasing concentration of PM2.5 over the 5 study months due to an increase in the quantity of waste disposal, which shows that high waste disposal is directly proportional to high level of PM2.5. It is recommended that living farther (more than 15 km) away from the dumpsites can reduce the high risk of air pollution and its related diseases for residents. Also, there is need for proper incineration and maintenance of waste to reduce the level of air and other pollutants in and around the dumpsites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001355/pdfft?md5=ec5b580235f87ad253f1925a3c725766&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001355-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis of ethylene urea using carbon-dioxide-adsorbed titanium–zirconium mixed oxides 利用二氧化碳吸附钛锆混合氧化物合成乙烯脲
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100970
Fiona Motswaiso , Ukyo Suzuki , Kyosuke Sawaguchi , Farzana Rahman , Tomohito Kameda , Shogo Kumagai , Yuko Saito , Toshiaki Yoshioka

To address the increasing global levels of CO2 emissions, it is necessary to develop efficient strategies that can convert CO2 into useful chemicals such as carbonates, ureas, and carbamates. Hybrid systems that combine direct capture and subsequent utilization of CO2 offer a unique emission-controlling pathway for achieving a carbon-neutral society. Ti-Zr mixed oxides could be ideal candidates for CO2 adsorption owing to the high specific surface areas pore sizes. Therefore, in this study, metal oxides with desirable acid-base sites that is, TixZr(1−x)O2 with different Ti/Zr ratios were synthesized using combined sol-gel and solvothermal methods and then utilized to adsorb and synthesize ethylene urea (EU), an important precursor of pharmaceuticals and agricultural products. The results indicated that the CO2 adsorption capacity of TiO2-ZrO2 mixed oxides were higher than that of TiO2 alone at 100 kPa and 25 °C, corresponding to their higher specific surface areas and pore volumes compared to their individual oxide counterparts. CO2-adsorbed TixZr(1−x)O2 was subsequently used as a CO2 source to generate EU through a reaction with ethylenediamine (EDA) and 2-propanol. Notably, samples containing higher proportions of Zr-Ti0.3Zr0.7O2 and ZrO2 produced EU in significant amounts, owing to their acid-base bifunctionality. Overall, EU was synthesized using CO2-adsorbed TixZr(1−x)O2 as a CO2 source and as an accelerator for reacting with EDA, without requiring high-pressure or high-purity CO2.

为了解决全球二氧化碳排放量不断增加的问题,有必要制定高效的战略,将二氧化碳转化为有用的化学物质,如碳酸盐、脲和氨基甲酸酯。将二氧化碳的直接捕获和后续利用相结合的混合系统为实现碳中和社会提供了一种独特的排放控制途径。由于 Ti-Zr 混合氧化物具有高比表面积孔径,因此可以成为吸附二氧化碳的理想候选材料。因此,本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法和溶剂热法合成了具有理想酸碱位点的金属氧化物,即具有不同 Ti/Zr 比率的 TixZr(1-x)O2 ,然后利用其吸附和合成乙烯脲(EU),乙烯脲是一种重要的医药和农产品前体。结果表明,在 100 kPa 和 25 °C条件下,TiO2-ZrO2 混合氧化物的二氧化碳吸附能力高于单独的 TiO2,这与其比表面积和孔隙率高于单独的氧化物是相对应的。吸附了二氧化碳的 TixZr(1-x)O2 随后被用作二氧化碳源,通过与乙二胺(EDA)和 2-丙醇反应生成 EU。值得注意的是,Zr-Ti0.3Zr0.7O2 和 ZrO2 含量较高的样品由于具有酸碱双官能度而产生了大量的 EU。总之,使用二氧化碳吸附的 TixZr(1-x)O2 作为二氧化碳源和与 EDA 反应的促进剂合成了 EU,而不需要高压或高纯度的二氧化碳。
{"title":"Synthesis of ethylene urea using carbon-dioxide-adsorbed titanium–zirconium mixed oxides","authors":"Fiona Motswaiso ,&nbsp;Ukyo Suzuki ,&nbsp;Kyosuke Sawaguchi ,&nbsp;Farzana Rahman ,&nbsp;Tomohito Kameda ,&nbsp;Shogo Kumagai ,&nbsp;Yuko Saito ,&nbsp;Toshiaki Yoshioka","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the increasing global levels of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, it is necessary to develop efficient strategies that can convert CO<sub>2</sub> into useful chemicals such as carbonates, ureas, and carbamates. Hybrid systems that combine direct capture and subsequent utilization of CO<sub>2</sub> offer a unique emission-controlling pathway for achieving a carbon-neutral society. Ti-Zr mixed oxides could be ideal candidates for CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption owing to the high specific surface areas pore sizes. Therefore, in this study, metal oxides with desirable acid-base sites that is, Ti<em><sub>x</sub></em>Zr<sub>(1−</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em><sub>)</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with different Ti/Zr ratios were synthesized using combined sol-gel and solvothermal methods and then utilized to adsorb and synthesize ethylene urea (EU), an important precursor of pharmaceuticals and agricultural products. The results indicated that the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of TiO<sub>2</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> mixed oxides were higher than that of TiO<sub>2</sub> alone at 100 kPa and 25 °C, corresponding to their higher specific surface areas and pore volumes compared to their individual oxide counterparts. CO<sub>2</sub>-adsorbed Ti<em><sub>x</sub></em>Zr<sub>(1−</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em><sub>)</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was subsequently used as a CO<sub>2</sub> source to generate EU through a reaction with ethylenediamine (EDA) and 2-propanol. Notably, samples containing higher proportions of Zr-Ti<sub>0.3</sub>Zr<sub>0.7</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and ZrO<sub>2</sub> produced EU in significant amounts, owing to their acid-base bifunctionality. Overall, EU was synthesized using CO<sub>2</sub>-adsorbed Ti<em><sub>x</sub></em>Zr<sub>(1−</sub><em><sub>x</sub></em><sub>)</sub>O<sub>2</sub> as a CO<sub>2</sub> source and as an accelerator for reacting with EDA, without requiring high-pressure or high-purity CO<sub>2</sub>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001367/pdfft?md5=e6acd28c988774147a62bafc98141a8e&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001367-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
GIS-based statistical analysis for landslide susceptibility evaluation and zonation mapping: A case from Blue Nile Gorge, Gohatsion-Dejen road corridor, Central Ethiopia 基于地理信息系统的滑坡易发性评估和分区绘图统计分析:埃塞俄比亚中部青尼罗河峡谷、Gohatsion-Dejen 公路走廊的一个案例
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2024.100968
Yechale Ali , Trufat Hailemariam Gugsa , Tarun Kumar Raghuvanshi

Globally, landslides in mountainous regions are considered to be major geo-hazards which are frequent, intensive and devastating that result in extensive destruction to people's lives, land, property and other infrastructure. To mitigate landslide-associated risks, identification, evaluation, and delineation of susceptible areas is essential for proper strategic planning and management. The present study was conducted in Blue Nile Gorge in the highlands of Central Ethiopia, about 185 km from Addis-Ababa, along the Gohatsion-Dejen road corridor. Landslides are frequently reported in the study area, particularly during the rainy season. The objective of the present study was to evaluate landslide susceptibility and to prepare a landslide susceptibility zoning (LSZ) map. For this purpose a statistical information value (IV) model was used that took into account various factors including slope material, elevation, slope, aspect, land-use and land-cover, proximity to the road, and proximity to streams. Each of these factors was classified based on different conditions like landslide concentration, topography, geology, and land-use and land-cover types. The landslide inventory mapping was conducted through field observations and Google Earth image interpretation. Later, the influence of each causative factor on past landslides was used to calculate their respective IVs. The statistical IVs were further used to evaluate the landslide susceptibility. The LSZ map produced from this study shows that 22.3 % of the study area falls into a very high susceptibility zone, 23.1 % into a high, 18.8 % in moderate, 23.1 % into a low, and the remaining 12.8 % into a low susceptibility zone. The LSZ map was validated using the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC), landslide density index (LDI), and past landslide data. All validation methods showed acceptable results. The prepared LSZ map can be used for safe land-use planning of the area.

在全球范围内,山区山体滑坡被认为是一种主要的地质灾害,其发生频繁、强度大、破坏性强,对人们的生命、土地、财产和其他基础设施造成了广泛的破坏。为了减轻与滑坡相关的风险,识别、评估和划定易受影响的地区对于适当的战略规划和管理至关重要。本研究在埃塞俄比亚中部高原的青尼罗河峡谷进行,该地区距离亚的斯亚贝巴约 185 公里,沿 Gohatsion-Dejen 公路走廊。研究地区经常发生山体滑坡,尤其是在雨季。本研究的目的是评估山体滑坡的易发性,并绘制山体滑坡易发性分区图(LSZ)。为此,我们使用了一个统计信息值(IV)模型,该模型考虑了各种因素,包括斜坡材料、海拔、坡度、坡向、土地利用和土地覆盖、距离道路的远近以及距离溪流的远近。根据滑坡集中程度、地形、地质以及土地利用和土地覆盖类型等不同条件,对这些因素进行了分类。通过实地观察和谷歌地球图像解读,绘制了滑坡清单图。随后,利用每个致灾因素对过去滑坡的影响来计算其各自的 IV 值。统计出的 IV 值被进一步用于评估滑坡的易发性。这项研究绘制的易滑区图显示,22.3% 的研究区域属于极高易滑区,23.1% 属于高易滑区,18.8% 属于中等易滑区,23.1% 属于低易滑区,其余 12.8%属于低易滑区。利用接收者工作特征曲线 (ROC)、滑坡密度指数 (LDI) 和过去的滑坡数据对 LSZ 图进行了验证。所有验证方法都显示了可接受的结果。绘制的 LSZ 地图可用于该地区的安全土地利用规划。
{"title":"GIS-based statistical analysis for landslide susceptibility evaluation and zonation mapping: A case from Blue Nile Gorge, Gohatsion-Dejen road corridor, Central Ethiopia","authors":"Yechale Ali ,&nbsp;Trufat Hailemariam Gugsa ,&nbsp;Tarun Kumar Raghuvanshi","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.100968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2024.100968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, landslides in mountainous regions are considered to be major geo-hazards which are frequent, intensive and devastating that result in extensive destruction to people's lives, land, property and other infrastructure. To mitigate landslide-associated risks, identification, evaluation, and delineation of susceptible areas is essential for proper strategic planning and management. The present study was conducted in Blue Nile Gorge in the highlands of Central Ethiopia, about 185 km from Addis-Ababa, along the Gohatsion-Dejen road corridor. Landslides are frequently reported in the study area, particularly during the rainy season. The objective of the present study was to evaluate landslide susceptibility and to prepare a landslide susceptibility zoning (LSZ) map. For this purpose a statistical information value (IV) model was used that took into account various factors including slope material, elevation, slope, aspect, land-use and land-cover, proximity to the road, and proximity to streams. Each of these factors was classified based on different conditions like landslide concentration, topography, geology, and land-use and land-cover types. The landslide inventory mapping was conducted through field observations and Google Earth image interpretation. Later, the influence of each causative factor on past landslides was used to calculate their respective IVs. The statistical IVs were further used to evaluate the landslide susceptibility. The LSZ map produced from this study shows that 22.3 % of the study area falls into a very high susceptibility zone, 23.1 % into a high, 18.8 % in moderate, 23.1 % into a low, and the remaining 12.8 % into a low susceptibility zone. The LSZ map was validated using the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC), landslide density index (LDI), and past landslide data. All validation methods showed acceptable results. The prepared LSZ map can be used for safe land-use planning of the area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001343/pdfft?md5=79cafe4b810e8dcf924e4772c1985408&pid=1-s2.0-S2667010024001343-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Environmental Challenges
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1