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Ngununggula: The story of a cancer care team for aboriginal people Ngununggula:原住民癌症治疗小组的故事
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.342
Janelle Trees, Trish Levett, Kyla Wynn, R. Ivers
In Dharawal Country in regional New South Wales, a small and powerful team provides cancer prevention, screening, support and care for Australian Aboriginal people, their families and communities. In keeping with Aboriginal practices and values, their uniquely holistic approach encompasses everything from food security and finding childcare, to support at diagnosis, surgical, radiation or chemo treatment, through to holding funerals, facilitating yarning groups, and Ceremony for survivors of cancer and their carers. The team created a manual for Aboriginal Health Workers, and other staff of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services, together with training webinars, and modules. The program is also designed for Aboriginal Liaison Officers and Palliative Care Workers who work in hospitals. The book and the training modules are called Ngununggula. The name, from the Gundungurra language, means working and walking together. “We’ll make ourselves available to anyone that wants to tread this path because we know all the pitfalls. We’ve learned them. We’ve tripped and had to climb out of them again. Anyone that wants the shortcuts—more learning, less pain—here they are. We want to share and help. I want the message to get out all over the place. I want to share the resources, to support anyone else who wants to run programs or build a team like we do.” Kyla Wynn, Counsellor/Co-ordinator Cancer Care Team, Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service. Partners include: Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council, Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service, University of Sydney, University of Wollongong, Menzies School of Health Research.
在新南威尔士州的达拉瓦尔地区,一个小型而强大的团队为澳大利亚土著人、他们的家庭和社区提供癌症预防、筛查、支持和护理。为了与土著居民的习俗和价值观保持一致,他们独特的整体方法涵盖了从食品安全和寻找儿童保育,到在诊断、手术、放射或化疗方面提供支持,再到举行葬礼、促进祈祷团体和为癌症幸存者及其照顾者举行仪式等方方面面。该小组为土著保健工作者和土著社区控制的保健服务的其他工作人员编写了一本手册,同时还编写了培训网络研讨会和模块。该方案还为在医院工作的土著联络官和姑息治疗工作人员设计。这本书和训练模块被称为Ngununggula。这个名字来自冈顿古拉语,意思是一起工作和走路。“我们将向任何想要走这条路的人敞开大门,因为我们知道所有的陷阱。我们已经学会了。我们被绊倒了,不得不再次爬出来。任何想要捷径的人——更多的学习,更少的痛苦——都在这里。我们想要分享和帮助。我想让这条消息传遍全世界。我想分享资源,支持任何想要运行项目或像我们一样组建团队的人。”凯拉·韦恩,伊拉瓦拉土著医疗服务机构癌症护理小组顾问/协调员。合作伙伴包括:土著卫生和医学研究理事会、伊拉瓦拉土著医疗服务、悉尼大学、卧龙岗大学、孟席斯卫生研究学院。
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引用次数: 0
Reflections on a journey, doing unfinished business, and homage to Balfour Mount 一次旅程的反思,未竟事业的完成,以及对巴尔弗山的敬意
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.345
E. Beck
As a medical student at McGill in 1972, I was honored to meet Dr. Balfour Mount. He made it possible for me to accompany him to St. Christopher’s Hospice. We were 8 students from all over the world. Dr. Cicely Saunders felt the best way to learn to be with dying patients was to work as a nurse. So, in that summer of my third year of medical school, I did.My career has gone on, first at Mc Gill and since 1987 at UC San Diego. I have been privileged to teach generations of students and faculty a humanistic empowering model of healthcare, seeing the patient as teacher. Our role is to create environments where people take charge of their lives and achieve wellbeing.My first teacher in doing unfinished business was my father. I was 17. He was 72. He had a MI, called me and my mother into the CCU and said, “The last 25 years with you and Ellen have been the best years of my life. If I should die, I want to say thank you and goodbye.” Then he lived for 20 years and we got to know each other. Present at these moments in people’s lives, we can facilitate unfinished business, whether a mother with cancer, who wrote letters for the next 20 years of her daughter’s life, knowing she wouldn’t be there, a Somali family saying goodbye in the ICU to a loved one or my Dad, opening doors to the future.
1972年,作为麦吉尔大学的一名医学生,我很荣幸地见到了巴尔弗·芒特博士。他让我有可能陪他去圣克里斯托弗临终关怀医院。我们是来自世界各地的8名学生。西西莉·桑德斯医生认为,学习与临终病人相处的最好方法是当一名护士。所以,在我医学院三年级的那个夏天,我做到了。我的职业生涯一直在继续,先是在麦吉尔大学,1987年在加州大学圣地亚哥分校。我很荣幸地向几代学生和教师传授了一种以人为本的医疗保健模式,把病人当作老师。我们的角色是创造一个环境,让人们掌控自己的生活,实现幸福。父亲是我完成未竟事业的启蒙老师。那时我17岁。他享年72岁。他得了心梗,把我和我母亲叫到CCU,说:“和你和艾伦在一起的25年是我一生中最美好的时光。如果我死了,我想对你说声谢谢和再见。”然后他活了20年,我们认识了彼此。在人们生命中的这些时刻,我们可以帮助他们完成未完成的事业,无论是患有癌症的母亲,在女儿生命中接下来的20年里,她给她的女儿写信,知道她不会在那里,一个索马里家庭在重症监护室向亲人道别,还是我的父亲,打开通往未来的大门。
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引用次数: 0
Queering whole person care in a pandemic 在大流行中进行全人关怀
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.347
Jane Shulman, David Kenneth Wright
How can health care providers (HCPs) working with 2SLGBTQ+ patients enact a whole person care approach during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its aftermath, and in such desperate times, is it even reasonable to expect them to? In this presentation, a nurse/nursing educator and a health care researcher/frequent patient discuss their observations and experiences of whole person care during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The conversation highlights that in the immediate chaos early on, and in the face of exhaustion, trauma, and burnout as the pandemic progressed, attending to the whole personhood of patients was/is paramount for HCPs and for the people they treat. The presenters reflect on the amplified significance of a whole person approach for 2SLGBTQ+ people who may have had negative health care experiences in the past, and may fear that they will not receive equitable care in the chaotic context of a pandemic. A whole person care approach is perhaps most necessary when it is also most difficult. In a period of such profound distress, a deeper sense of connectedness to patients may help HCPs manage feelings of helplessness they are likely to encounter, and surely helps the people they treat. The goal of this presentation is to begin a discussion about the ways that whole person approaches benefit 2SLGBTQ+ patients as well as their HCPs, with the hope that it will spark ideas for attendees to develop in their own practices.
在SARS-CoV-2大流行及其后果期间,与2SLGBTQ+患者合作的卫生保健提供者(HCPs)如何制定全人护理方法?在如此绝望的时期,期望他们这样做是否合理?在本次演讲中,一名护士/护理教育工作者和一名卫生保健研究人员/经常患者讨论了他们在SARS-CoV-2大流行期间的观察和全人护理经验。对话强调,在早期的直接混乱中,以及随着疫情的发展,面对疲惫、创伤和倦怠,对医护人员和他们治疗的人来说,照顾病人的整个人格是最重要的。演讲者思考了全人方法对2SLGBTQ+人群的放大意义,这些人过去可能有过负面的医疗保健经历,可能担心他们在大流行的混乱背景下得不到公平的护理。一个全人关怀的方法也许是最必要的,但同时也是最困难的。在这样一个极度痛苦的时期,与病人更深层次的联系感可能有助于医护人员管理他们可能遇到的无助感,当然也会帮助他们治疗的人。本次演讲的目的是开始讨论全人方法对2gbtq +患者及其hcp有益的方式,希望它能激发与会者在自己的实践中发展的想法。
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引用次数: 0
Aging, care and dependency in multimorbidity: how relationships affect elderly women’s homecare and health service use 多重疾病中的老龄化、护理和依赖:关系如何影响老年妇女的家庭护理和保健服务使用
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.331
M. Hamiduzzaman, Amber Stacy Torres, JoAnn Fletcher, M. Rezaul, A. Fletcher, Rezaul Islam, J. Greenhill
Relationships are multidimensional, and we know little about the facets of relationships in the way elderly patients’ with multimorbidity utilise homecare and health services. Gerontology literatures emphasize the importance of place of care, inequalities, availability of health services and affordability. However, the diversity of relationships and associated dependency in elderly care remain underassessed. A qualitative study involving a demographic survey and interviews was conducted to explore relationship experiences of elderly women with multimorbidity in homecare and health services utilization. Civil Surgeon of Sylhet District in Bangladesh was contacted to recruit participants for the study, and this resulted in 33 interviews [11 staff and 22 elderly women with multimorbidity]. Three domains of Axel Honneth’s Theory of Recognition and Misrecognition [i.e. intimate, community and legal relationships] were used to underpin the study findings. Data was analysed using critical thematic discourse method. Four themes were emerged: nature of caregiving involved; intimate affairs [marital marginalization, and parent-children-in law dynamics]; alienation in peer-relationships and neighbourhood [siblings’ overlook, neighbourhood challenges, and gender inequality in interactions]; and legal connections [ignorance of rights, and missed communication]. A marginalization in family relationships, together with poor peer supports and a misrecognition from service providers, resulted in a lack of care for elderly women with multimorbidity. Understanding the complexities of elderly women’s relationships may assist in policy making with better attention to their health and well-being support needs. Staff training on building relationships, and counselling services for family and relatives are essential to improve the quality of care for the women.  
关系是多维的,我们对多重疾病老年患者利用家庭护理和保健服务的关系方面知之甚少。老年学文献强调护理地点、不平等、卫生服务的可获得性和可负担性的重要性。然而,老年人护理中关系和相关依赖的多样性仍未得到充分评估。采用人口调查和访谈相结合的定性研究,探讨多病老年妇女家庭护理与卫生服务利用的关系体验。我们联系了孟加拉国Sylhet地区的民用外科医生为研究招募参与者,结果进行了33次访谈[11名工作人员和22名患有多种疾病的老年妇女]。阿克塞尔·霍尼特(Axel Honneth)的认识与误认理论中的三个领域(即亲密关系、社区关系和法律关系)被用来支撑研究结果。数据分析采用批判主题语篇法。出现了四个主题:所涉及的护理的性质;亲密关系[婚姻边缘化和亲子关系动态];同伴关系和邻里关系中的疏离感[兄弟姐妹忽视、邻里挑战和互动中的性别不平等];以及法律关系(对权利的无知,以及缺乏沟通)。家庭关系的边缘化,加上同伴支持不足和服务提供者的错误认识,导致对患有多种疾病的老年妇女缺乏照顾。了解老年妇女关系的复杂性可能有助于制定政策,更好地关注她们的健康和福利支助需求。对工作人员进行建立关系方面的培训以及为家庭和亲属提供咨询服务,对于提高对妇女的照顾质量至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
impact of virtual care on relationship centered care: Observations of a family physician 虚拟护理对以关系为中心的护理的影响:一位家庭医生的观察
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.325
M. Yaffe
The COVID-19 pandemic propelled many physicians and their patients into an unfamiliar world of virtual care. This presentation is based on the perceptions of a family physician/ teacher/ researcher with 43 years of interest in, and promotion of, a strong doctor-patient relationship. It will describe a protocol that governed how tele-medicine and video-conferencing took place over nearly 18 months in his practice. It will then describe observed positive and negative impacts for the patients, their family members, the physician, and members of the family medicine health care team. Interpretation will be made about what such observations mean for the doctor-patient relationship.  
COVID-19大流行将许多医生和患者推向了一个陌生的虚拟医疗世界。这个演讲是基于一个家庭医生/教师/研究者的观点,他有43年的兴趣,并促进了牢固的医患关系。它将描述在他近18个月的实践中如何管理远程医疗和视频会议的协议。然后,它将描述观察到的对患者、其家庭成员、医生和家庭医学保健团队成员的积极和消极影响。将解释这些观察对医患关系意味着什么。
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引用次数: 0
Harnessing the power of gate control: interventions for procedural pain and anxiety 利用门控的力量:对程序性疼痛和焦虑的干预
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.346
Carmelina D'Arro
Medical and dental procedures present a minefield of opportunities for pain and anxiety. Many procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and palliation are performed either without comfort measures at all or with sedation/anesthesia. Yet, there are many ways of decreasing patients’ procedural pain and anxiety and of increasing physical and psychological comfort.Gate control theory explains how we can close the gate on pain transmission (and minimize opening the gate) through non-pharmacological means. An exploration of several bottom-up and top-down interventions will be discussed including breathing, mindfulness, gradual exposure, non-pain stimuli, distraction, touch, and postoperative communications. Interventions will be illustrated with pictures and short videos in the dental setting.
医疗和牙科手术是疼痛和焦虑的雷区。许多诊断、治疗和缓解过程要么完全不采取舒适措施,要么使用镇静/麻醉。然而,有很多方法可以减少病人的手术痛苦和焦虑,增加身体和心理上的安慰。门控制理论解释了我们如何通过非药物手段关闭疼痛传递的大门(并尽量减少打开大门)。探讨几种自下而上和自上而下的干预措施,包括呼吸、正念、逐渐暴露、非疼痛刺激、分心、触摸和术后沟通。干预措施将以图片和简短的视频说明在牙科设置。
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引用次数: 1
Project Lotus: A really cool community-based initiative assisting women post-homelessness 莲花项目:一个非常酷的社区倡议,帮助无家可归的妇女
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.321
Karla Jacobsen, Laurence Roy, Sally Richmond, Isabelle Boutemeur, Eve De Macar, Beatriz Hoffman-Kuhnt, Danielle Rouleau, V. Seto
In Canada, recent conservative estimates report upwards of 235,000 individuals are homeless on a given night. Of those experiencing precarious housing situations, women make up approximately 30% and are among the most vulnerable. Their residential insecurity has been further exacerbated with the community and social restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing resources that assist women experiencing homelessness or housing insecurity are often stretched to the limit dealing with emergency and crisis housing situations, with less focus on post-shelter supports. To address this issue, a community-based participatory research initiative ‘Project Lotus - Hope Together’ was established in Montreal. Grounded in the World Health Organization’s Commission on Social Determinants of Health Framework, the overarching goal of this research is to co-design a housing supports program for women leaving a shelter stay. We created a cross-sectorial Advisory Committee consisting of women with lived experiences of homelessness, service providers, community leaders, and researchers. To date, we have conducted preliminary research (literature review, interviews with women with lived experience of homelessness, stakeholder meetings) to identity what has assisted women through this transition, and what barriers exist. We have also held virtual community consultation meetings to discuss preliminary findings of recommendations of key components that should be in a post-shelter support program for women. This presentation outlines the current findings and highlights the importance of participatory research. Implementing whole person care in the area of women’s homelessness requires both a comprehensive and individualized approach to help women and children secure home, health, and a sustainable future.
在加拿大,最近的保守估计显示,一个晚上有超过23.5万人无家可归。在住房状况不稳定的人群中,妇女约占30%,是最脆弱的群体之一。由于COVID-19大流行的社区和社会限制,他们的居住不安全状况进一步加剧。用于帮助无家可归或住房无保障妇女的现有资源在处理紧急和危机住房情况时往往捉襟见足,而对安置后支助的关注较少。为了解决这个问题,在蒙特利尔建立了一个以社区为基础的参与性研究倡议“莲花项目-共同希望”。在世界卫生组织健康问题社会决定因素委员会框架的基础上,这项研究的总体目标是为离开收容所的妇女共同设计一个住房支持方案。我们成立了一个跨部门咨询委员会,由有过无家可归经历的妇女、服务提供者、社区领袖和研究人员组成。到目前为止,我们已经进行了初步研究(文献综述、对有过无家可归经历的妇女的采访、利益相关者会议),以确定是什么帮助妇女度过了这一过渡,以及存在哪些障碍。我们还举行了虚拟社区咨询会议,讨论对收容后妇女支助方案中应包含的关键组成部分的建议的初步调查结果。本报告概述了当前的研究结果,并强调了参与性研究的重要性。在妇女无家可归问题上实施全人关怀,需要采取全面和个性化的办法,帮助妇女和儿童获得住房、健康和可持续的未来。
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引用次数: 0
Traditional & narrative practices of treatment for depression and depressive symptoms in older adults 老年人抑郁症和抑郁症状治疗的传统和叙事做法
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.322
An analysis and evaluation of the literature regarding traditional treatment methods for depression among older adults compared the effectiveness of the results to the benefits of a treatment plan that integrates the narrative practices of storytelling and reflexive writing. Priority was given to peer-reviewed journal articles from 2008 forward, though some earlier information was used for clarification and foundation building. The formation and implementation of individual patient treatment plans for depression and depressive symptoms are impacted by many variables such as: Confusion surrounding provider treatment guidelines, social organizational context, organizational climate and the differing definitions of depression that exist among providers and patients. Patients often struggle to self-identify or put words to depressive symptoms and the process of reflexive writing is transformative and increases narrative competency, which strengthens a patient’s ability to give an account of oneself, aiding in self-discovery and personal symptom awareness. An imbalance of power exists in the clinical encounter and the practices and principles of the discipline of Narrative Medicine can have a positive impact on strengthening the therapeutic alliance and treatment outcomes. Older adults with depression and depressive symptoms have a lower quality of life and often feel less productive in their communities. Traditional pharmacologically based depression treatment plans are one-dimensional and often fail to address personal patient context and preference. Older adults living with diagnosed depression and depressive symptoms can be better served with treatment plans that include narrative techniques that increase alliance, affiliation, self-awareness and self-discovery.  
一项关于老年人抑郁症传统治疗方法的文献分析和评估,将结果的有效性与结合讲故事和反身性写作的叙事实践的治疗计划的益处进行了比较。从2008年开始,优先考虑同行评议的期刊文章,尽管一些早期的信息被用于澄清和基础建设。抑郁症和抑郁症状的个体患者治疗计划的形成和实施受到许多变量的影响,例如:围绕提供者治疗指南的混乱、社会组织背景、组织气氛以及提供者和患者之间存在的对抑郁症的不同定义。患者经常挣扎于自我识别或用语言来描述抑郁症状,而反身性写作的过程是变革性的,可以提高叙事能力,从而增强患者描述自己的能力,有助于自我发现和个人症状意识。临床相遇中存在着权力的不平衡,叙事医学学科的实践和原则可以对加强治疗联盟和治疗效果产生积极影响。患有抑郁症和抑郁症状的老年人生活质量较低,在社区中的工作效率往往较低。传统的以药理学为基础的抑郁症治疗计划是一维的,往往不能解决患者的个人情况和偏好。患有抑郁症和抑郁症状的老年人可以更好地接受治疗计划,其中包括增加联盟、联系、自我意识和自我发现的叙事技巧。
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引用次数: 0
Lessons from the "non-critical" patient during a pandemic: developmental-behavioural pediatric populations & COVID-19 大流行期间“非关键”患者的经验教训:发育-行为儿科人群与COVID-19
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.327
Shuvo Ghosh, A. Gorgos
Seemingly overnight, in March 2020, the world was turned upside down by the global SARS-CoV 2 (novel coronavirus) pandemic. As COVID-19 affected all aspects of clinical care, Canadian ambulatory clinics for any service deemed "non-urgent" or "non-critical," were suspended for several months. When outpatient care slowly resumed during the summer and fall of 2020, the backlog of patients in these areas and subsequent requests for follow-up significantly outpaced the number of available appointments. In fact, it became apparent that certain patients' needs had grown in unprecedented ways during the pandemic, even though their issues had previously been given low priority during the acute crisis period. Among these groups were youth with underlying mental health conditions, those with chronic but non-life-threatening illnesses, and the subgroups seen in Developmental-Behavioural Pediatrics. In Montréal, they were among the least likely to have their needs met as the waves of COVID-19 moved through the community, and many still struggle to find relevancy in the discussions about the hidden impacts of the coronavirus pandemic, even one year later. What can the experiences of these marginalised youth teach us about what our system labels less relevant care in the context of an acute health care crisis? A short narrative presentation will demonstrate insights gleaned from 2020 & early 2021 to underscore the often unrecognised challenges faced by these populations and their families.
2020年3月,世界似乎在一夜之间被全球新型冠状病毒大流行SARS-CoV搅得天翻地覆。由于COVID-19影响了临床护理的各个方面,加拿大门诊诊所暂停了几个月,提供任何被视为“非紧急”或“非关键”的服务。当门诊服务在2020年夏秋两季缓慢恢复时,这些地区积压的患者和随后的随访请求大大超过了可用的预约数量。事实上,在大流行期间,某些病人的需求显然以前所未有的方式增长,尽管他们的问题在严重危机期间以前没有得到优先考虑。在这些群体中,有有潜在心理健康问题的青少年,有慢性但不危及生命的疾病的青少年,还有发育行为儿科学中的亚组。在蒙特里萨,随着COVID-19的浪潮席卷整个社区,他们的需求最不可能得到满足,许多人甚至在一年后仍难以在关于冠状病毒大流行隐藏影响的讨论中找到相关性。在一场严重的卫生保健危机中,这些被边缘化的青年的经历能告诉我们什么是我们的系统所标记的不太相关的护理?一个简短的叙述性演讲将展示从2020年和2021年初收集到的见解,以强调这些人群及其家庭面临的往往未被认识到的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Developing a collaborative, humanistic interprofessional healthcare culture: a multi-site study 发展协作、人文的跨专业医疗文化:一项多地点研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.330
E. Rider, C. Chou, Peter Weissman, Corrine Abraham, William T. Branch, Jr.
Introduction:Developing a collaborative, humanistic interprofessional healthcare culture requires optimal relational skills, respect, interpersonal cohesion, and role clarity. We developed a longitudinal curriculum to engender these skills and values in institutional leaders. We report results of a qualitative study at seven US-based academic health centers to identify participants’ learning. Methods:At each institution, participants from at least three different professions met in small group sessions twice-monthly over nine months. Sessions focused on relational capacities to enhance leadership and professionalism, and utilized critical reflection and experiential learning to promote teamwork, self-knowledge, communication skills, and address challenges encountered by a healthcare team. Participants completed reflective responses to open-ended questions asking what knowledge, insights, or skills they gained by working in this interprofessional group and applications of their learning. Five investigators analyzed the anonymized responses using the constant comparative method. Results:Overarching themes centered on relationships and the strength of the relational nature of the learning. We observed learning on three levels: a) Intrapersonal learning included self-awareness, mindfulness, and empathy for self that translated to reflections on application of these to teamwork and teaching; b) Interpersonal learning concerned relational skills and teaching about listening, understanding others’ perspectives, appreciation/respect for colleagues, and empathy for others; c) Systems level learning included teaching skills about resilience, conflict management, team dynamics and cultural norms, and appreciation of resources from interprofessional colleagues. Discussion:A curriculum focusing on humanistic teaching for leaders led to new insights and positive changes in relational perspectives. Learning occurred on multiple levels. Many learners reported revising previous assumptions, a marker for transformative learning. Humanistic faculty development can facilitate deep bonds between professions.  
简介:发展一个协作的、人性化的跨专业医疗文化需要最佳的关系技能、尊重、人际凝聚力和角色清晰度。我们开发了一个纵向课程,以培养机构领导者的这些技能和价值观。我们报告了在美国七个学术健康中心进行的定性研究的结果,以确定参与者的学习情况。方法:在每个机构,来自至少三个不同行业的参与者在九个月内每月两次的小组会议中会面。会议侧重于关系能力,以增强领导力和专业精神,并利用批判性反思和体验式学习来促进团队合作、自我认识、沟通技巧,并解决医疗保健团队遇到的挑战。参与者完成了对开放式问题的反思性回答,这些问题是关于他们在这个跨专业小组工作中获得了哪些知识、见解或技能,以及他们所学到的应用。五名调查人员使用恒常比较法分析了匿名回答。结果:总体主题集中在关系和学习的关系性质的力量。我们观察了三个层面的学习:a)个人学习包括自我意识、正念和对自我的同理心,这转化为对这些在团队合作和教学中的应用的反思;b)人际关系学习涉及人际关系技能和倾听、理解他人观点、欣赏/尊重同事以及同情他人的教学;c)系统层面的学习包括关于弹性、冲突管理、团队动态和文化规范的教学技能,以及对来自跨专业同事的资源的欣赏。讨论:针对领导者的人文主义教学课程带来了新的见解和关系视角的积极变化。学习发生在多个层面。许多学习者报告说会修改以前的假设,这是变革学习的标志。人文师资建设可以促进专业之间的深厚联系。
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引用次数: 0
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The International Journal of Whole Person Care
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