Pub Date : 2021-03-24DOI: 10.18512/RBMS2021V20E1195
Hermano José Ribeiro Henriques, D. Schwambach, V. Fernandes, J. W. Cortez
The emergence of satellites covering new electromagnetic wavelengthsallowed developing different vegetation indices, enabling the study of theircorrelation with grain yield. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy between the mean values of seven vegetation indices and the mean corn grain yield in the field by applying linear regression equations. The indices NDVI, NDRE, GNDVI, GRNDVI, and PNDVI were used, with changes proposed in the equations of the indices GRNDVI and PNDVI, in which the red wavelength was replaced by the red edge. The multispectral bands provided by the Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B imaging instruments were used as a source of data to calculate the vegetation indices, while the values recorded by the grain harvester were used for the survey of grain yield data. A high correlation was observed between indices and grain yield. The replacement of the red wavelength with the red edge improves the correlation between vegetation indices and grain yield. Moreover, the indices GNDVI and NDVI easily saturate, reaching maximum values and not allowing the distinction between sample classes. Therefore, the vegetation indices PRENDVI and GRENDVI are recommended for estimating grain yield.
{"title":"VEGETATION INDICES AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH SECOND-CROP CORN GRAIN YIELD IN MATO GROSSO DO SUL, BRAZIL","authors":"Hermano José Ribeiro Henriques, D. Schwambach, V. Fernandes, J. W. Cortez","doi":"10.18512/RBMS2021V20E1195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/RBMS2021V20E1195","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of satellites covering new electromagnetic wavelengthsallowed developing different vegetation indices, enabling the study of theircorrelation with grain yield. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy between the mean values of seven vegetation indices and the mean corn grain yield in the field by applying linear regression equations. The indices NDVI, NDRE, GNDVI, GRNDVI, and PNDVI were used, with changes proposed in the equations of the indices GRNDVI and PNDVI, in which the red wavelength was replaced by the red edge. The multispectral bands provided by the Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B imaging instruments were used as a source of data to calculate the vegetation indices, while the values recorded by the grain harvester were used for the survey of grain yield data. A high correlation was observed between indices and grain yield. The replacement of the red wavelength with the red edge improves the correlation between vegetation indices and grain yield. Moreover, the indices GNDVI and NDVI easily saturate, reaching maximum values and not allowing the distinction between sample classes. Therefore, the vegetation indices PRENDVI and GRENDVI are recommended for estimating grain yield.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45695364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-22DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1125
Lígia Maria MARASCHI DA SILVA PILETTI, L. C. F. D. Souza, M. L. Secretti, Márcio Roberto Rigotte, I. D. S. DE LIMA JUNIOR, A. L. Viegas Neto
Maize grown in the summer can be an important option for crop rotation with soybean. The objective of this work was to study the agronomic performance of maize in different crop rotation systems. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm belonging to the College of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), located in the municipality of Dourados, MS, in the agricultural year of 2014/15. Randomized block design was used, with ten treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of precedent crops: white oat (Avena sativa), forage radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleifera), showy rattlebox (Crotalaria spectabilis), fodder vetch (Vicia villosa), crambe (Crambe abyssinica), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), niger (Guizothia abyssinica), canola (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and fallow. These crops were planted in the fall/winter season of each agricultural year, while maize was sown in October of each year. Plant height, ear insertion height, ear length and diameter, grains per ear, thousand grain weight and yield were evaluated. There was significant difference only for yield, which presented the highest values in the rotation with safflower, canola, forage radish, wheat, white oat and niger.
夏季种植玉米是大豆轮作的重要选择。本研究旨在研究不同轮作制度下玉米的农艺性能。实验于2014/15农业年在位于MS Dourados市的Grande Dourados联邦大学(UFGD)农业科学学院的实验农场进行。采用随机区组设计，共10个处理，4个重复。处理的先期作物为:白燕麦(Avena sativa)、饲用萝卜(Raphanus sativus L. var. oleifera)、花椒(Crotalaria spectabilis)、饲用豌豆(Vicia villosa)、克兰贝(crambe abyssinica)、红花(Carthamus tinctorius L.)、黑草(Guizothia abyssinica)、油菜(Brassica napus L. var. oleifera)、小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和休闲。这些作物在每个农业年的秋季/冬季种植，而玉米在每年10月播种。评价株高、穗插高、穗长和穗径、穗粒数、千粒重和产量。仅产量差异显著，以红花、油菜、饲料萝卜、小麦、白燕麦和黑草轮作产量最高。
{"title":"AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SUMMER MAIZE IN CROP ROTATION SYSTEMS","authors":"Lígia Maria MARASCHI DA SILVA PILETTI, L. C. F. D. Souza, M. L. Secretti, Márcio Roberto Rigotte, I. D. S. DE LIMA JUNIOR, A. L. Viegas Neto","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1125","url":null,"abstract":"Maize grown in the summer can be an important option for crop rotation with soybean. The objective of this work was to study the agronomic performance of maize in different crop rotation systems. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm belonging to the College of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), located in the municipality of Dourados, MS, in the agricultural year of 2014/15. Randomized block design was used, with ten treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of precedent crops: white oat (Avena sativa), forage radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleifera), showy rattlebox (Crotalaria spectabilis), fodder vetch (Vicia villosa), crambe (Crambe abyssinica), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), niger (Guizothia abyssinica), canola (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and fallow. These crops were planted in the fall/winter season of each agricultural year, while maize was sown in October of each year. Plant height, ear insertion height, ear length and diameter, grains per ear, thousand grain weight and yield were evaluated. There was significant difference only for yield, which presented the highest values in the rotation with safflower, canola, forage radish, wheat, white oat and niger.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48077775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-22DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1194
L. Galon, M. R. D. Silva, A. F. D. Silva, André Dalponte Menegat, Renan Pawelkiewicz, L. Brunetto, E. Rossetto
The glufosinate-ammonium is an herbicide with contact action and, whenused in tolerant LL maize, requires associations with other products to improve the weed control spectrum and increase the residual period in the area. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of glufosinate-ammonium, applied alone and in combination with other herbicides, for weed control in maize crops. The treatments consisted of two strategies. In the first one, the following herbicides were applied in pre-emergence conditions: atrazine, [atrazine + simazine], [atrazine + oil], [atrazine + S-metolachlor], and S-metolachlor; with the subsequent application of glufosinate-ammonium in post-emergence condition of maize. The second application method corresponded to the use of glufosinate-ammonium, alone and combined with nicosulfuron + mesotrione and the other products used in the first strategy, in addition to two control areas, being one weed-infested and the other weed-free. Phytotoxicity on maize and weed control were assessed. Ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, thousand grain weight and maize yield were determined upon harvesting. The herbicides were effective and did not cause yield loss to the crop. The herbicides applied in combination with glufosinate-ammonium were efficient in regard to weed control and selective to maize.
{"title":"WEED CONTROL IN “LL” MAIZE TOLERANT TO GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM","authors":"L. Galon, M. R. D. Silva, A. F. D. Silva, André Dalponte Menegat, Renan Pawelkiewicz, L. Brunetto, E. Rossetto","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1194","url":null,"abstract":"The glufosinate-ammonium is an herbicide with contact action and, whenused in tolerant LL maize, requires associations with other products to improve the weed control spectrum and increase the residual period in the area. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of glufosinate-ammonium, applied alone and in combination with other herbicides, for weed control in maize crops. The treatments consisted of two strategies. In the first one, the following herbicides were applied in pre-emergence conditions: atrazine, [atrazine + simazine], [atrazine + oil], [atrazine + S-metolachlor], and S-metolachlor; with the subsequent application of glufosinate-ammonium in post-emergence condition of maize. The second application method corresponded to the use of glufosinate-ammonium, alone and combined with nicosulfuron + mesotrione and the other products used in the first strategy, in addition to two control areas, being one weed-infested and the other weed-free. Phytotoxicity on maize and weed control were assessed. Ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, thousand grain weight and maize yield were determined upon harvesting. The herbicides were effective and did not cause yield loss to the crop. The herbicides applied in combination with glufosinate-ammonium were efficient in regard to weed control and selective to maize.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49207109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-22DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1200
Jéssica Argenta, Jefferson G. Acunha, Bianca Oliveira Machado, Ariel Rizzardo, Noryam Bervian Bispo
Maize landraces are important genetic resources for maize breeding. Many of these landrace varieties have not yet been properly studied in order to be distinguished from the others. In this study, multivariate statistical methods were used, beyond the analysis of variance, for estimating genetic dissimilarity among 27 maize landrace accessions. Principal component analysis and clustering analysis were performed using 16 evaluated quantitative characters. The ANOVA results reported the existence of significant differences among the tested accessions for 14 evaluated characters. Two principal components almost explained 49% of found experimental variance. Four different clusters were formed by the used clustering analysis, whose results were plotted into a dendrogram. The graphical integration of this dendrogram with the PCA allowed to conclude that the variation found may be due to the genotypic distinctions existing among the four groups of accesses determined in this study.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY IN MAIZE LANDRACE CULTIVARS FROM NORTHERN RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL","authors":"Jéssica Argenta, Jefferson G. Acunha, Bianca Oliveira Machado, Ariel Rizzardo, Noryam Bervian Bispo","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1200","url":null,"abstract":"Maize landraces are important genetic resources for maize breeding. Many of these landrace varieties have not yet been properly studied in order to be distinguished from the others. In this study, multivariate statistical methods were used, beyond the analysis of variance, for estimating genetic dissimilarity among 27 maize landrace accessions. Principal component analysis and clustering analysis were performed using 16 evaluated quantitative characters. The ANOVA results reported the existence of significant differences among the tested accessions for 14 evaluated characters. Two principal components almost explained 49% of found experimental variance. Four different clusters were formed by the used clustering analysis, whose results were plotted into a dendrogram. The graphical integration of this dendrogram with the PCA allowed to conclude that the variation found may be due to the genotypic distinctions existing among the four groups of accesses determined in this study.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43809890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-22DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1167
D. R. Vilela, Nathalia Rezende Ribeiro, H. O. dos Santos, É. V. RESENDE VON PINHO, R. C. C. Vasconcellos, G. V. Tirelli, I. V. VON PINHO
Seed size may affect the initial development of seedlings, especially under adverse conditions such as water deficit. The objective of this study was to characterize the influence of seed size on traits presented by maize seedlings under contrasting conditions of water availability. The experiment was conducted with a tolerant line (L91), a non-tolerant line (L57), and with the F2 resulting from the cross between those lines. The seeds were classified with the use of round-hole sieves and those retained on sieves of sizes 22, 20 and 18/64” were used. The seeds were sown in trays containing sand and, in order to simulate water deficit, the water retention capacity was adjusted to 10% (stress) and 70% (control). Four replications were used, with 25 seeds per treatment, which were stored in a growth chamber at 25 ºC for 7 days. Then the number of seminal roots, length of root and shoot, and their weights (fresh, dry and total) were evaluated. The seed size directly influences the development of maize seedlings, when subjected to water restriction, regardless of whether they are lines or F2. In this case, the larger-size sieves (22 and 20) were superior when compared with the size 18. In the early stages, the L57 was more tolerant to water restriction when compared with L91.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF SEED SIZE ON MAIZE SEEDLINGS WHEN SOWN UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS","authors":"D. R. Vilela, Nathalia Rezende Ribeiro, H. O. dos Santos, É. V. RESENDE VON PINHO, R. C. C. Vasconcellos, G. V. Tirelli, I. V. VON PINHO","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1167","url":null,"abstract":"Seed size may affect the initial development of seedlings, especially under adverse conditions such as water deficit. The objective of this study was to characterize the influence of seed size on traits presented by maize seedlings under contrasting conditions of water availability. The experiment was conducted with a tolerant line (L91), a non-tolerant line (L57), and with the F2 resulting from the cross between those lines. The seeds were classified with the use of round-hole sieves and those retained on sieves of sizes 22, 20 and 18/64” were used. The seeds were sown in trays containing sand and, in order to simulate water deficit, the water retention capacity was adjusted to 10% (stress) and 70% (control). Four replications were used, with 25 seeds per treatment, which were stored in a growth chamber at 25 ºC for 7 days. Then the number of seminal roots, length of root and shoot, and their weights (fresh, dry and total) were evaluated. The seed size directly influences the development of maize seedlings, when subjected to water restriction, regardless of whether they are lines or F2. In this case, the larger-size sieves (22 and 20) were superior when compared with the size 18. In the early stages, the L57 was more tolerant to water restriction when compared with L91.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43517840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-22DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1151
Silvane de Almeida Campos, J. Galvão, Emerson Trogello, Tatiana Pires Barrella, Jeferson Giehl, S. P. Coelho, Luis Paulo Lelis Pereira, M. N. Souza
The correct straw management in no-tillage system is necessary and has demonstrated to be an excellent alternative to improve sowing quality. Cover crop management periods may compromise the performance of planters and the productivity of the successor crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of black oat management methods, carried out in different periods before maize planting, on the quality of sowing and development of the crop. Two experiments were conducted in the municipality of Coimbra, MG: the first in 2013 and the second in 2016. Randomized block design was used in both experiments, in split-plot arrangement (4x3), with four replications. The plots consisted of four black oat management periods (21, 14, 7 and 0 days before sowing) and the subplots consisted of three black oat management methods (desiccated, rolled and cleared). The plants were managed in the flowering stage. The characteristics evaluated were: average, faulty, double and normal spacing between plants; sowing depth; emergence speed index; plant stand; and uniformity of plant development in V5 stage. In both experiments, the desiccated black oat presented lower emergence speed index, plant stand and uniformity of plant development. The mechanical managements of black oat, regardless of the period before maize planting, improve the quality of maize sowing, with significant reduction of faulty and double spacing, and promote proper plant development.
{"title":"QUALITY OF SOWING AND DEVELOPMENT OF MAIZE AS A FUNCTION OF BLACK OAT MANAGEMENT METHODS APPLIED IN DIFFERENT PERIODS BEFORE MAIZE SOWING","authors":"Silvane de Almeida Campos, J. Galvão, Emerson Trogello, Tatiana Pires Barrella, Jeferson Giehl, S. P. Coelho, Luis Paulo Lelis Pereira, M. N. Souza","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1151","url":null,"abstract":"The correct straw management in no-tillage system is necessary and has demonstrated to be an excellent alternative to improve sowing quality. Cover crop management periods may compromise the performance of planters and the productivity of the successor crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of black oat management methods, carried out in different periods before maize planting, on the quality of sowing and development of the crop. Two experiments were conducted in the municipality of Coimbra, MG: the first in 2013 and the second in 2016. Randomized block design was used in both experiments, in split-plot arrangement (4x3), with four replications. The plots consisted of four black oat management periods (21, 14, 7 and 0 days before sowing) and the subplots consisted of three black oat management methods (desiccated, rolled and cleared). The plants were managed in the flowering stage. The characteristics evaluated were: average, faulty, double and normal spacing between plants; sowing depth; emergence speed index; plant stand; and uniformity of plant development in V5 stage. In both experiments, the desiccated black oat presented lower emergence speed index, plant stand and uniformity of plant development. The mechanical managements of black oat, regardless of the period before maize planting, improve the quality of maize sowing, with significant reduction of faulty and double spacing, and promote proper plant development.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44684504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-17DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1202
M. Paterniani, C. Fachini, Cinthia Souza Rodrigues
Maize is one of the most harvested cereals on the planet. In Brazil, it is the country’s second largest grain production after soybean, with a large portion of production destined for animal feed. During the 2019/2020 harvest, 35% of total maize production was exported, 9.5% was destined for industrial processing and only 1.1% for human consumption. Specialty maize are those grains that are not destined for the dry grain commodities market, but have various other uses and are destined exclusively for human consumption. Specialty maize are also considered as an alternative profit source for farmers. From a plant breeding standpoint, maize is greatest example of success when it comes to the exploitation of heterosis and therefore most of the investment in genetic breeding done by private companies is in the development of simple GMO single-cross hybrids. In today’s market, there are rarely any specialty maize cultivars available, creating a niche for public funded research and development centers to exploit with their conventional type cultivars. This article discusses the relevance of the specialty maize market niches and the role of the Maize Genetic Breeding Program of Instituto Agronomico (IAC) in the development of innovations in São Paulo through the launch of conventional cultivars aimed at small and medium producers and niches of specialty maize.
{"title":"INOVATION AND SPECIALTY MAIZE BREEDING FOR MARKET NICHES IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO","authors":"M. Paterniani, C. Fachini, Cinthia Souza Rodrigues","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1202","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is one of the most harvested cereals on the planet. In Brazil, it is the country’s second largest grain production after soybean, with a large portion of production destined for animal feed. During the 2019/2020 harvest, 35% of total maize production was exported, 9.5% was destined for industrial processing and only 1.1% for human consumption. Specialty maize are those grains that are not destined for the dry grain commodities market, but have various other uses and are destined exclusively for human consumption. Specialty maize are also considered as an alternative profit source for farmers. From a plant breeding standpoint, maize is greatest example of success when it comes to the exploitation of heterosis and therefore most of the investment in genetic breeding done by private companies is in the development of simple GMO single-cross hybrids. In today’s market, there are rarely any specialty maize cultivars available, creating a niche for public funded research and development centers to exploit with their conventional type cultivars. This article discusses the relevance of the specialty maize market niches and the role of the Maize Genetic Breeding Program of Instituto Agronomico (IAC) in the development of innovations in São Paulo through the launch of conventional cultivars aimed at small and medium producers and niches of specialty maize.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47627425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-17DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1166
J. Teixeira, L. D. Pimentel, P.H.H. Salla, E. Biesdorf, Rusthon Magno Cortez dos Santos, Aluizio Borem de Oliveira
The straw broom production is a traditional and very old activityamong small farmers in Brazil. Much of the straw broom production ismanufactured with native species, which in turn are in the process of beingextinct. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity andto characterize one sample of broom sorghum germplasm constituted of 66accessions. The experiment was carried out in Viçosa, MG, in a randomizedblock design with two replicates, being each plot composed of one 5 m row,with 0.7 m spacing, where eight morpho-agronomic traits were evaluated.The studied accessions presented genetic variability for most of the traits.The accessions 2, 7 and 16 presented the lowest plant heights. Regardingstem diameter, accessions 7, 11, and 13 presented the highest values. Asto the number of days from emergence to flowering, the accessions 42, 65,and 66 were the earliest ones. Based on the evaluations carried out, it can beconcluded that accessions 2, 7, 11, 13, 42, 65, and 66 are the most promisingfor new studies and launches.
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF BROOM SORGHUM ACCESSIONS USING MORPHO-AGRONOMIC DESCRIPTORS","authors":"J. Teixeira, L. D. Pimentel, P.H.H. Salla, E. Biesdorf, Rusthon Magno Cortez dos Santos, Aluizio Borem de Oliveira","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1166","url":null,"abstract":"The straw broom production is a traditional and very old activityamong small farmers in Brazil. Much of the straw broom production ismanufactured with native species, which in turn are in the process of beingextinct. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity andto characterize one sample of broom sorghum germplasm constituted of 66accessions. The experiment was carried out in Viçosa, MG, in a randomizedblock design with two replicates, being each plot composed of one 5 m row,with 0.7 m spacing, where eight morpho-agronomic traits were evaluated.The studied accessions presented genetic variability for most of the traits.The accessions 2, 7 and 16 presented the lowest plant heights. Regardingstem diameter, accessions 7, 11, and 13 presented the highest values. Asto the number of days from emergence to flowering, the accessions 42, 65,and 66 were the earliest ones. Based on the evaluations carried out, it can beconcluded that accessions 2, 7, 11, 13, 42, 65, and 66 are the most promisingfor new studies and launches.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42405891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-17DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1179
A. R. Neto, R. D. Santos
Green and dry matter production, along with grain yield and otheragronomic traits, were assessed in 44 sorghum genotypes. Two sets of genotypes were formed based on known plant height, aiming to evaluate green and dry matter production and grain yield, as well as to separate forage and grain sorghum genotypes. The evaluations were performed based on experiments with three replications, being one irrigated (drip system) in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, and the other rainfed, in Nossa Senhora da Glória, state of Sergipe, Brazil. Sowing dates were July 30, 2016, in Nossa Senhora da Glória; July 13, 2017, and October 24, 2018, in Petrolina; with 117 and 128 days from sowing to harvest, respectively. Expressive forage production was observed in genotypes EP-17 and SF-11, which exceeded 120 t ha-1. BRS 506 produced 108 t ha-1, while 13F03(1141572), P-294, P-288, 2502 x 467, BRS Ponta Negra, and SF-15 presented green matter production ranging from 94 to 98.5 t ha-1. Dry matter production was highly correlated with green matter production, and SF-11 had the best performance of 45.5 t ha-1. The observed plant height was more expressive for forage sorghum genotypes, being this trait highly correlated with the green and dry matter. The best grain yield performance reached 13.4 and 10.3 t ha-1, values observed for 9910032 and BRS Ponta Negra, respectively. The results demonstrate the full adaptability of sorghum to the semi-arid environment and the feasibility to produce roughage and grains under irrigation in the Brazilian semi-arid region.
对44个高粱基因型的干物质和绿物质产量以及籽粒产量和其他农艺性状进行了评价。在已知株高的基础上，形成了两组基因型，以评价青物质和干物质产量及籽粒产量，并区分饲粮高粱基因型和籽粒高粱基因型。评估是基于三个重复试验进行的，一个是在Pernambuco州Petrolina的灌溉(滴灌系统)，另一个是在巴西Sergipe州Nossa Senhora da Glória的旱作系统。播种日期为2016年7月30日，在Nossa Senhora da Glória;2017年7月13日和2018年10月24日，在Petrolina;从播种到收获分别为117天和128天。EP-17和SF-11基因型的牧草产量均超过120 t ha-1。BRS 506的绿质产量为108 t ha-1，而13F03(1141572)、P-294、P-288、2502 × 467、BRS Ponta Negra和SF-15的绿质产量在94 ~ 98.5 t ha-1之间。干物质产量与绿物质产量高度相关，其中SF-11产量最高，为45.5 t ha-1。所观察到的株高在饲用高粱基因型中更具表达性，这一性状与绿物质和干物质高度相关。9910032和BRS Ponta Negra籽粒产量最高，分别达到13.4和10.3 t hm -1。结果表明，高粱对巴西半干旱区半干旱环境具有完全的适应性，在灌溉条件下生产粗粮和杂粮是可行的。
{"title":"AGRONOMIC TRAITS EVALUATION IN IRRIGATED SORGHUM IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID","authors":"A. R. Neto, R. D. Santos","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1179","url":null,"abstract":"Green and dry matter production, along with grain yield and otheragronomic traits, were assessed in 44 sorghum genotypes. Two sets of genotypes were formed based on known plant height, aiming to evaluate green and dry matter production and grain yield, as well as to separate forage and grain sorghum genotypes. The evaluations were performed based on experiments with three replications, being one irrigated (drip system) in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, and the other rainfed, in Nossa Senhora da Glória, state of Sergipe, Brazil. Sowing dates were July 30, 2016, in Nossa Senhora da Glória; July 13, 2017, and October 24, 2018, in Petrolina; with 117 and 128 days from sowing to harvest, respectively. Expressive forage production was observed in genotypes EP-17 and SF-11, which exceeded 120 t ha-1. BRS 506 produced 108 t ha-1, while 13F03(1141572), P-294, P-288, 2502 x 467, BRS Ponta Negra, and SF-15 presented green matter production ranging from 94 to 98.5 t ha-1. Dry matter production was highly correlated with green matter production, and SF-11 had the best performance of 45.5 t ha-1. The observed plant height was more expressive for forage sorghum genotypes, being this trait highly correlated with the green and dry matter. The best grain yield performance reached 13.4 and 10.3 t ha-1, values observed for 9910032 and BRS Ponta Negra, respectively. The results demonstrate the full adaptability of sorghum to the semi-arid environment and the feasibility to produce roughage and grains under irrigation in the Brazilian semi-arid region.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45344399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-16DOI: 10.18512/rbms2020v19e1127
L. C. Pereira, L. V. Correia, David Fernando Posso Suárez, C. Carvalho, A. Braccini
The objective of this work was to compare the accuracy of seedling tests based on electrolyte release to distinguish different maize seed vigor levels with the accuracy provided by biometric tests for seedling length and biomass. For this purpose, seeds with different vigor levels of the Garra Viptera hybrid had their physiological potential evaluated through tests of germination, accelerated aging, seed electrical conductivity, field emergence, seedling length, seedling dry biomass, seedling electrical conductivity, potassium leakage and membrane injury index. Completely randomized design was used, with four replications, except for the field emergence variable, when the randomized complete block design was adopted. The obtained means were compared by Fisher's LSD test, at 5% probability, and then Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between the tests based on seedling performance and the physiological quality results obtained with the seeds. In addition to their lower sensitivity to istinguish the different vigor levels, the biometric tests (length and biomass) showed values of correlation with field emergence considerably lower than those btained with the membrane permeability tests (seedling electrical conductivity, otassium leakage and membrane injury index). Among the tests based on electrolyte extravasation, the membrane injury index was the most accurate to differentiate maize seed lots in different vigor levels, as well as to estimate the seed emergence in the field.
{"title":"COMPARISON BETWEEN BIOMETRIC AND ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE TESTS AS INDICATORS OF MAIZE SEED VIGOR","authors":"L. C. Pereira, L. V. Correia, David Fernando Posso Suárez, C. Carvalho, A. Braccini","doi":"10.18512/rbms2020v19e1127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1127","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to compare the accuracy of seedling tests based on electrolyte release to distinguish different maize seed vigor levels with the accuracy provided by biometric tests for seedling length and biomass. For this purpose, seeds with different vigor levels of the Garra Viptera hybrid had their physiological potential evaluated through tests of germination, accelerated aging, seed electrical conductivity, field emergence, seedling length, seedling dry biomass, seedling electrical conductivity, potassium leakage and membrane injury index. Completely randomized design was used, with four replications, except for the field emergence variable, when the randomized complete block design was adopted. The obtained means were compared by Fisher's LSD test, at 5% probability, and then Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between the tests based on seedling performance and the physiological quality results obtained with the seeds. In addition to their lower sensitivity to istinguish the different vigor levels, the biometric tests (length and biomass) showed values of correlation with field emergence considerably lower than those btained with the membrane permeability tests (seedling electrical conductivity, otassium leakage and membrane injury index). Among the tests based on electrolyte extravasation, the membrane injury index was the most accurate to differentiate maize seed lots in different vigor levels, as well as to estimate the seed emergence in the field.","PeriodicalId":34859,"journal":{"name":"Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49618037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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