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Review: Transforming Early English. The Reinvention of Early English and Older Scots 复习:转变早期英语。早期英国人和年长苏格兰人的革新
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0032
M. Krygier
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引用次数: 4
On Refusing Canada, Canlit and More: National and Literary Identity in All Its Varieties 论拒绝加拿大、坎利特和更多:各种各样的民族和文学身份
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0014
Norman Ravvin
Abstract Two recent anthologies of Canadian writing – Refuse: CanLit in Ruins and Resisting Canada: An Anthology of Poetry – reflect stances of resistance to mainstream institutional understandings of Canadian writing culture. They highlight recent scandals in academia and in literary communities, as well as highlighting the voices of Indigenous and women writers. These stances echo earlier forms of cultural revolution in Canada, in particular the Refus global manifesto, which provoked conventional Quebec society in the late 1940s. This paper contrasts these forms of refusal with a period in the 1950s and 1960s when influential Jewish writers, including Leonard Cohen and Irving Layton, took a counter-cultural stance while appearing in mainstream venues offered to them by CBC television and radio.
摘要最近的两本加拿大写作选集——《拒绝:废墟中的加拿大》和《抵抗加拿大:诗歌选集》——反映了对加拿大写作文化主流制度理解的抵制立场。他们强调了学术界和文学界最近的丑闻,并强调了土著和女作家的声音。这些立场呼应了加拿大早期形式的文化革命,特别是20世纪40年代末激起传统魁北克社会的“拒绝全球宣言”。本文将这些拒绝形式与20世纪50年代和60年代的一段时期进行了对比,当时包括伦纳德·科恩和欧文·莱顿在内的有影响力的犹太作家在CBC电视台和广播电台向他们提供的主流场所出现时,采取了反文化立场。
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引用次数: 0
Taking Root in Floating Cities – Space, Environment, and Immigrant Identity in Kerri Sakamoto’s Floating City 扎根于漂浮城市——坂本Kerri的漂浮城市中的空间、环境与移民身份
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0022
Joanna Antoniak
Abstract Human identity is shaped not only by culture, but also by nature – the environment in which people grow up and live, the places and spaces they visit, work in, and pass on an everyday basis. This people-place bond is particularly important in case of immigrants who are forced to abandon the places they know for a new – and often hostile – environment. This connection between space, environment, and immigrant identity is explored by Kerri Sakamoto, a Japanese-Canadian writer, in her newest novel, Floating City (2018). Focusing on the family narrative of the Hanesakas – and, in particular, the story of Frankie, the oldest son of the family – Sakamoto tells the story of shaping identity through forming a connection with the environment and architecture. The aim of this article is to discuss the way in which Sakamoto presents the people-place bond and its impact on immigrant identity as represented by the connection of the Japanese-Canadians with four elements: water, air, earth, and fire. Furthermore, the article analyses Sakamoto’s version of an alternative history of Toronto and the possible solutions to the current environmental crisis it brings. For this purpose, the author uses a mixture of methodological concepts stemming from postcolonial theory and environmental psychology, such as homing desire, rootlessness, place attachment, non-place, and the people-place bond.
人类的身份不仅受到文化的影响,也受到自然的影响——人们成长和生活的环境,他们每天访问、工作和经过的地方和空间。这种人与地的联系在移民被迫离开熟悉的地方,进入一个新的——通常是充满敌意的——环境的情况下尤为重要。日裔加拿大作家坂本(Kerri Sakamoto)在她的最新小说《漂浮之城》(Floating City, 2018)中探讨了空间、环境和移民身份之间的联系。坂本以Hanesakas家族的故事为重点,特别是长子Frankie的故事,讲述了通过与环境和建筑建立联系来塑造身份的故事。本文的目的是讨论坂本如何通过日裔加拿大人与水、气、土、火四种元素的联系来表现人与地的联系及其对移民身份的影响。此外,文章还分析了坂本版本的多伦多另类历史,以及它所带来的当前环境危机的可能解决方案。为此,作者混合运用了源自后殖民理论和环境心理学的方法论概念,如归乡欲望、无根性、地点依恋、非地点以及人与地方的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Recent (Re)Visions of Canlit: Partial Stock-Taking Canlit近期(再)展望:部分盘点
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0013
A. Rzepa
Abstract This article approaches recent discussions on the state of contemporary CanLit as a body of literary texts, an academic field, and an institution. The discussion is informed primarily by a number of recent or relatively recent publications, such as Trans.CanLit. Resituating the Study of Canadian Literature (Kamboureli & Miki 2007), Refuse. CanLit in Ruins (McGregor, Rak & Wunker 2018), Luminous Ink: Writers on Writing in Canada (McWatt, Maharaj & Brand 2018), and the discussions and/or controversies some of those generated – expressed through newspaper and magazine articles, scholarly essays, but also through tweets, etc. The texts have been written as a response to the current state and – in some cases – scandals of CanLit. Many constitute attempts at starting or contributing to a discussion aimed at not only taking stock of, but also reinterpreting and re-defining the field and the institution in view of the challenges of the globalising world. Perhaps more importantly, they address also the challenges resulting from the rift between CanLit as implicated in the (post)colonial nation-building project and rigid institutional structures, perpetuating the silencings, erasures, and hierarchies resulting from such entanglements, and actual literary texts produced by an increasingly diversified group of writers working with a widening range of topics and genres, and creating often intimate, autobiographically inspired art with a sense of responsibility to marginalised communities. The article concludes with the example of Indigenous writing and the position some young Indigenous writers take in the current discussions.
摘要本文探讨了当代CanLit作为一个文学文本体、一个学术领域和一个机构的状态。讨论主要由一些最近或相对较新的出版物提供,如Trans.CanLit.Resituating The Study of Canadian Lit(Kamboureli&Miki,2007),Reject。CanLit in Ruins(McGregor,Rak&Wunker,2018),Luminous Ink:Writers on Writing in Canada(McWatt,Maharaj&Brand,2018)以及其中一些讨论和/或争议——通过报纸和杂志文章、学术文章以及推特等表达。这些文本是为了回应CanLit的现状,在某些情况下,还包括丑闻。许多都是为了开始或推动一场讨论,其目的不仅是评估,而且是鉴于全球化世界的挑战,重新解释和定义这一领域和机构。也许更重要的是,他们还解决了(后)殖民国家建设项目中涉及的CanLit与僵化的制度结构之间的裂痕所带来的挑战,使这种纠缠所导致的沉默、抹去和等级制度永久化,以及由越来越多样化的作家群体创作的实际文学文本,他们的主题和流派范围越来越广,创作的艺术往往是亲密的、自传体的,对边缘化社区有责任感。文章最后以土著写作为例,介绍了一些年轻的土著作家在当前讨论中的立场。
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引用次数: 0
Review: The Whole World in a Book: Dictionaries in the Nineteenth Century 书评:《一本书中的整个世界:19世纪的词典》
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0029
Anna Dziemianko
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引用次数: 0
A Cognitive Grammar Perspective on Temporal Conceptualization in SLA 从认知语法角度看二语习得中的时间概念化
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0010
Franka Kermer
Abstract This article shows how cognitive grammar and cognitive linguistics theory offer a fruitful paradigm within which the process of second language acquisition can be examined. The aim is to describe and examine the benefit of using notions developed within the CG and CL frameworks to the study of crosslinguistic influence, especially conceptual transfer, in multilinguals. In recent years, the growth of empirical research concerning the contribution of cognitive-inspired theories to the study of second language acquisition and multilingualism has grown extensively. This article illustrates the possible contribution of CL to SLA by focusing on one particular line of inquiry: that of construal. Specifically, it examines how the notions developed within cognitive grammar theory can be useful tools for the analysis and comparison of conceptualization patterns of events, thus giving rise to transfer effects stemming from the way a person construes and conceptualizes events. The starting hypothesis is that conceptual transfer effects in the use of the target grammar, in this case the transfer effects in the TIME domain, may originate from the conceptualization patterns that the multilingual has acquired as a speaker of another L1. Previous transfer research has obtained evidence to suggest that patterns of L1 conceptualizations may be transferred into learners’ L2 through patterns that are similar to their L1. The utilization of central tools within cognitive grammar in order to unmask conceptual differences represents an important contribution to the state of the art of crosslinguistic influence research.
摘要本文展示了认知语法和认知语言学理论如何为研究第二语言习得过程提供了一个富有成效的范式。目的是描述和检验使用CG和CL框架内开发的概念对研究多语言中的跨语言影响,特别是概念迁移的好处。近年来,关于认知启发理论对第二语言习得和多语性研究的贡献的实证研究发展迅速。本文通过关注一个特定的研究方向来说明CL对SLA的可能贡献:解释。具体而言,它考察了认知语法理论中发展起来的概念如何成为分析和比较事件概念化模式的有用工具,从而产生由一个人解释和概念化事件的方式产生的转移效应。最初的假设是,目标语法使用中的概念迁移效应,在这种情况下是时间域中的迁移效应,可能源于多语言使用者作为另一个L1的说话者所获得的概念化模式。先前的迁移研究已经获得证据表明,L1概念化的模式可以通过与学习者的L1相似的模式转移到学习者的L2中。利用认知语法中的中心工具来揭示概念差异,是对跨语言影响研究现状的重要贡献。
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引用次数: 3
To Translate, or Not to Translate: A Cognitive Linguistic Analysis of Selected English and Polish Proverbs 翻译还是不翻译:英语和波兰语谚语选集的认知语言学分析
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0009
Justyna Mandziuk-Nizińska
Abstract Proverbs are often said to be part and parcel of the cultural, social, and cognitive heritage of a given linguistic community. This very specific nature of proverbs poses a challenge for any contrastive paremiological study which looks for “equivalents” in the target language. Especially difficult cases which escape systematic analysis are novel modifications of well-established traditional proverbs. To illustrate this, consider a proverb such as The early bird gets the worm. Based on this traditional saying, we have nowadays a number of modifications such as The early bird gets the worm, but the late one gets the pizza or The early bird gets the worm, but the second mouse gets the cheese. Also, a Polish original saying such as Kto rano wstaje, temu Pan Bóg daje, lit. “God provides to those who rise early”, now has a number of variants, including Kto rano wstaje, ten idzie po bułki (lit. “Those who rise early go to a shop to buy rolls”) or Kto rano wstaje, ten jest niewyspany (lit. “Those who rise early are sleepy”). One thing is certain: any attempt to develop a viable contrastive paremiological analysis can hardly ignore the complex and intricate relations between the cognitive, linguistic, and cultural aspects of proverbs compared. What is needed is a multifaceted account of such structures. A translation model which seems to be perfectly suited for this purpose is Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk’s theory of reconceptualization (2010). Using as a point of departure Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk’s assertion that that the translation of a proverb from a source language (SL) to a target language (TL) entails “a number of cycles of reconceptualization of the original SL message, expressed eventually in the TL” (2010: 107), we will offer a re-conceptualization-based account of the shift in meaning involving traditional proverbs and their jocular transformations.
摘要谚语通常被认为是特定语言群体的文化、社会和认知遗产的一部分。谚语的这种特殊性质对任何在目标语言中寻找“等价物”的对比对等研究都构成了挑战。尤其难以系统分析的案例是对传统谚语的新颖修改。为了说明这一点,可以考虑一句谚语,如早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据这句传统的谚语,我们现在有很多修改,比如早起的鸟得到了虫子,但迟到的人得到了披萨,或者早起的鸟获得了虫子,但是第二只老鼠得到了奶酪。此外,波兰的一句原话,如Kto rano wstaje,temu Pan Bóg daje,点亮了。“上帝为早起的人提供食物”,现在有很多变体,包括Kto rano wstaje,ten idzie po bułki(点亮。“早起的人去商店买面包卷”)或Kto rano-wstaje,ten jest niewyspany(点亮。”早起的人很困“)。有一点是肯定的:任何试图发展一种可行的对比对等分析的尝试都很难忽视谚语的认知、语言和文化方面之间复杂而复杂的关系。需要的是对这种结构进行多方面的说明。Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk的再概念化理论(2010)似乎完全适合这一目的。以Lewandowska Tomaszczyk的断言为出发点,即谚语从源语言(SL)翻译成目标语言(TL)需要“对原始SL信息进行多次重新概念化的循环,最终在TL中表达”(2010:107),我们将提供一个基于重新概念化的描述,涉及传统谚语的含义转变及其诙谐的转变。
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引用次数: 2
‘Alimentary Assemblages’ at Intersections: Food, (Queer) Bodies, and Intersectionality in Marusya Bociurkiw’s Comfort Food for Breakups: The Memoir of a Hungry Girl (2007) 交叉点的“食物组合”:Marusya Bociurkiw的《分手的安慰食品:饥饿女孩的回忆录》(2007)中的食物、(酷儿)身体和交叉点
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0018
Weronika Suchacka
Abstract Clearly devoted to the analysis of various issues of belonging, the work of Marusya Bociurkiw, a Ukrainian-Canadian queer writer, director, academic, and activist, examines culture, memory, history, and subjectivity in a fascinatingly unique way. Such a thematic composition is, however, not the only aspect that visibly marks and unities Bociurkiw’s multi-generic oeuvre; what clearly stands out as yet another distinguishing characteristic that Bociurkiw’s works have in common is the idea that seems to stand behind their creation – an impelling notion that “[t]o have one’s belonging lodged in a metaphor is voluptuous intrigue” (Brand 2001: 18). Consequently, what Bociurkiw’s works vividly portray is the writing-self “in search of its most resonant metaphor” (Brand 2001: 19). In one of her works, Comfort Food for Breakups: The Memoir of a Hungry Girl (2007), this metaphor is food as the art of food-making and the act of eating become here a crucial background against which the issues of belonging are played out. The aim of this article is thus to show how Bociurkiw finds her way of discussing various aspects of subjectivity by means of writing about food, whether about preparing it, tasting it, or recollecting its preparation and tastes. Ultimately, however, the article is to prove that food in Bociurkiw’s memoir not only reflects identity but is presented as a vital site of intersectionality. Thus, embedded in intersectionality discourse, and particularly instructed by Vivian May’s Pursuing Intersectionality, Unsettling Dominant Imaginaries (2015), the analysis of Comfort Food for Breakups is carried out from an interdisciplinary perspective because it is simultaneously grounded in food studies theory, i.e., the ideas developed by Elspeth Probyn in Carnal Appetites: FoodSexIdentities (2000), confirming, in this way, that vital connections can and should be made between the two, ostensibly unrelated, fields of study.
摘要乌克兰裔加拿大酷儿作家、导演、学者和活动家Marusya Bociurkiw的作品显然致力于分析各种归属问题,以一种迷人的独特方式审视文化、记忆、历史和主体性。然而,这样的主题构图并不是博丘尔基夫多类作品的唯一明显标志和统一点;博丘尔基夫作品的另一个明显的共同点是似乎支持其创作的理念,即“将自己的归属置于隐喻中是性感的阴谋”(Brand 2001:18)。因此,博丘尔基夫的作品生动地描绘了“寻找最能引起共鸣的隐喻”的写作自我(Brand 2001:19)。在她的一部作品《分手的安慰食物:饥饿女孩的回忆录》(2007)中,这个比喻是食物,因为食物的制作艺术和进食行为在这里成为了归属问题的重要背景。因此,本文的目的是展示Bociurkiw是如何通过写食物来讨论主观性的各个方面的,无论是关于准备食物、品尝食物,还是回忆食物的准备和味道。然而,这篇文章最终要证明,Bociurkiw回忆录中的食物不仅反映了身份,而且是一个重要的交叉点。因此,在交叉性话语中,特别是在Vivian May的《追求交叉性,解开主导想象》(2015)的指导下,对分手安慰食品的分析是从跨学科的角度进行的,因为它同时基于食品研究理论,即。,Elspeth Probyn在《Carnal Appetites:FoodSexIdentities》(2000)中提出的观点,以这种方式证实了两个表面上不相关的研究领域之间可以也应该建立重要的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Two-Spirit Identities in Canada: Mapping Sovereign Erotic in Joshua Whitehead’s Jonny Appleseed 加拿大的双重精神身份:乔舒亚·怀特黑德的《约翰尼·appleeseed》中主权情色的映射
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0024
Julia Siepak
Abstract In colonial times, mapping the New World functioned as an inherent mechanism of exerting colonial domination over Indigenous lands, enacting settler presence on these territories. While the colonial cartographies projected ownership, the non-normative mappings emerging from Aboriginal writing provide an alternative to settler Canadian geography. This article focuses on the imaginative geographies depicted in Joshua Whitehead’s Jonny Appleseed (2018), which recounts the story of a young Two-Spirit man who searches for his identity in-between the reserve and the city. The objective of the analysis is to tie the representation of the contemporary queer Indigenous condition with the alternative mappings emerging from Whitehead’s novel. In order to address the contemporary Two-Spirit condition in Canada, the article applies current theories proposed by the field of queer Indigenous studies, including the concept of sovereign erotic, which further allows the presentation of the potential of Two-Spirit bodies to transgress colonial cartographies.
在殖民时代,绘制新世界地图是对土著土地施加殖民统治的一种内在机制,在这些领土上制定定居者的存在。虽然殖民时期的地图绘制预测了所有权,但从土著文字中出现的非规范地图为加拿大定居者的地理提供了另一种选择。本文关注约书亚·怀特黑德(Joshua Whitehead)的《Jonny appleeseed》(2018)中描绘的富有想象力的地理位置,该书讲述了一个年轻的双灵男子在保护区和城市之间寻找自己身份的故事。分析的目的是将当代酷儿土著状况的表现与怀特黑德小说中出现的替代映射联系起来。为了解决当代加拿大的双灵状况,本文运用了酷儿原住民研究领域提出的现有理论,包括主权情色的概念,这进一步允许双灵身体的潜力超越殖民地图的呈现。
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引用次数: 0
Review: Millenia of Language Change. Sociolinguistic Studies in Deep Historical Linguistics 评论:语言变化的千禧年。深层历史语言学中的社会语言学研究
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/stap-2020-0030
Anna Rogos-Hebda
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引用次数: 0
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Studia Anglica Posnaniensia
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