Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2058624
Julia Wölfel
ABSTRACT This contribution analyzes the international trade fairs of Tel Aviv during the 1930s, the so-called ‘Levant Fairs,’ as a Zionist means to defend Jewish state-building in Mandatory Palestine. To do so, it is concerned with the Levant Fairs’ international and regional context. It is shown that first, the Levant Fairs promoted the Zionist state-building endeavours to an international audience; and second, the Levant Fairs revealed the declining support of the British, and an increasing struggle with the Palestinian Arabs. The arguments are supported by press articles concerning the fairs themselves.
{"title":"‘The flying camel’: defending Jewish state-building in mandatory Palestine on the Levant Fairs of Tel Aviv in the 1930s","authors":"Julia Wölfel","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2022.2058624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2022.2058624","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This contribution analyzes the international trade fairs of Tel Aviv during the 1930s, the so-called ‘Levant Fairs,’ as a Zionist means to defend Jewish state-building in Mandatory Palestine. To do so, it is concerned with the Levant Fairs’ international and regional context. It is shown that first, the Levant Fairs promoted the Zionist state-building endeavours to an international audience; and second, the Levant Fairs revealed the declining support of the British, and an increasing struggle with the Palestinian Arabs. The arguments are supported by press articles concerning the fairs themselves.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"137 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43783557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2062840
P. Rossetto
ABSTRACT Visibility and invisibility represent crucial categories of analysis in migration studies. However, the multiple manifestations of in-visibility can make it difficult to precisely define them. This article suggests reconsidering these categories not so much in terms of ‘what they are’ but rather ‘when they occur’. By encompassing the macro-, meso-, and micro-levels of social interaction and analysis, in-visibility proves to be a viable category to explore the case of Middle Eastern and North African Jewish migrations to Milan, Italy–an area that still remains ‘uncharted territory’ for scholars of Sephardi and Mizrahi studies.
{"title":"Mind the map: charting unexplored territories of in-visible migrations from North Africa and the Middle East to Italy","authors":"P. Rossetto","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2022.2062840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2022.2062840","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Visibility and invisibility represent crucial categories of analysis in migration studies. However, the multiple manifestations of in-visibility can make it difficult to precisely define them. This article suggests reconsidering these categories not so much in terms of ‘what they are’ but rather ‘when they occur’. By encompassing the macro-, meso-, and micro-levels of social interaction and analysis, in-visibility proves to be a viable category to explore the case of Middle Eastern and North African Jewish migrations to Milan, Italy–an area that still remains ‘uncharted territory’ for scholars of Sephardi and Mizrahi studies.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"172 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49276997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2066325
A. Katorza
ABSTRACT This article discusses the connection between the postwar Black-Jewish cooperation in popular music and American ethnic politics through the case study of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller – the successful duo R&B songwriters of the 1950s and early 1960s. These Jewish songwriters and music producers carried out some important historical work collaborating with Afro-American performers. The article discusses Leiber & Stoller’s contribution to postwar multiculturalism through a specific blend of elitist-humanism that relates to the politics of American Jews in the music industry as having much more subversive sensibilities than the academic discourse used to portray.
{"title":"Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller’s elitist humanism and multiculturalism in postwar rhythm and blues music","authors":"A. Katorza","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2022.2066325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2022.2066325","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article discusses the connection between the postwar Black-Jewish cooperation in popular music and American ethnic politics through the case study of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller – the successful duo R&B songwriters of the 1950s and early 1960s. These Jewish songwriters and music producers carried out some important historical work collaborating with Afro-American performers. The article discusses Leiber & Stoller’s contribution to postwar multiculturalism through a specific blend of elitist-humanism that relates to the politics of American Jews in the music industry as having much more subversive sensibilities than the academic discourse used to portray.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"153 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43630339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2037220
Daniela Ozacky Stern
ABSTRACT About 600 young members of the Hashomer Hatzair Zionist-Socialist youth movement who fled from Poland at the beginning of WWII to Lithuanian-controlled Vilna formed a collective group there, a ‘Rikuz’. Despite poor physical and material conditions, they led a rich cultural, intellectual, and spiritual life, which they documented intensively. Their detailed first-person ego-documentation consisted of writings and photographs. This unique body of documents survived, brought to Eretz-Israel, and preserved. Interestingly, the unusual story of the Rikuz in Vilna, although exceptional and well documented, was not researched enough nor brought to public attention. The article analyses the documents and discusses the possible reasons for this omission. It aims to tell the Rikuz’s story as was perceived by its protagonists and reclaim its rightful place in historical acknowledgment.
{"title":"Collective documentation from the beginning of WWII: the ‘rikuz’ in Vilna as a case study","authors":"Daniela Ozacky Stern","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2022.2037220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2022.2037220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT About 600 young members of the Hashomer Hatzair Zionist-Socialist youth movement who fled from Poland at the beginning of WWII to Lithuanian-controlled Vilna formed a collective group there, a ‘Rikuz’. Despite poor physical and material conditions, they led a rich cultural, intellectual, and spiritual life, which they documented intensively. Their detailed first-person ego-documentation consisted of writings and photographs. This unique body of documents survived, brought to Eretz-Israel, and preserved. Interestingly, the unusual story of the Rikuz in Vilna, although exceptional and well documented, was not researched enough nor brought to public attention. The article analyses the documents and discusses the possible reasons for this omission. It aims to tell the Rikuz’s story as was perceived by its protagonists and reclaim its rightful place in historical acknowledgment.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"115 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47623749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00043-2
Filippo Ravalli, Yuanzhi Yu, Benjamin C Bostick, Steven N Chillrud, Kathrin Schilling, Anirban Basu, Ana Navas-Acien, Anne E Nigra
<p><strong>Background: </strong>The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) currently sets maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for ten metals or metalloids in public drinking water systems. Our objective was to estimate metal concentrations in community water systems (CWSs) across the USA, to establish if sociodemographic or regional inequalities in the metal concentrations exist, and to identify patterns of concentrations for these metals as a mixture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated routine compliance monitoring records for antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, mercury, selenium, thallium, and uranium, collected from 2006-11 (2000-11 for uranium; timeframe based on compliance monitoring requirements) by the US EPA in support of their second and third Six-Year Reviews for CWSs. Arsenic, barium, chromium, selenium, and uranium (detectable in >10% records) were included in the main analyses (subgroup and metal mixture analyses; arsenic data reported previously). We compared the mean, 75th percentile, and 95th percentile contaminant concentrations and the percentage of CWSs with concentrations exceeding the MCL across subgroups (region, sociodemographic county-cluster, size of population served, source water type, and CWSs exclusively serving correctional facilities). We evaluated patterns in CWS metal concentration estimate profiles via hierarchical cluster analysis. We created an online interactive map and dashboard of estimated CWS metal concentrations for use in future analyses.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Average metal concentrations were available for a total of 37 915 CWSs across the USA. The total number of monitoring records available was approximately 297 000 for arsenic, 165 000 for barium, 167 000 for chromium, 165 000 for selenium, and 128 000 for uranium. The percentage of analysed CWSs with average concentrations exceeding the MCL was 2·6% for arsenic (MCL=10 μg/L; nationwide mean 1·77 μg/L; n=36 798 CWSs), 2·1% for uranium (MCL=30 μg/L; nationwide mean 4·37 μg/L; n=14 503 CWSs), and less than 0·1% for the other metals. The number of records with detections was highest for uranium (63·1%). 75th and 95th percentile concentrations for uranium, chromium, barium, and selenium were highest for CWSs serving Semi-Urban, Hispanic communities, CWSs reliant on groundwater, and CWSs in the Central Midwest. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two distinct clusters: an arsenic-uranium-selenium cluster and a barium-chromium cluster.</p><p><strong>Interpretations: </strong>Uranium is an under-recognised contaminant in CWSs. Metal concentrations (including uranium) are elevated in CWSs serving Semi-Urban, Hispanic communities independent of location or region, highlighting environmental justice concerns.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>US National Institutes of Health Office of the Director, US National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences, and US National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research.<
{"title":"Sociodemographic inequalities in uranium and other metals in community water systems across the USA, 2006-11: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Filippo Ravalli, Yuanzhi Yu, Benjamin C Bostick, Steven N Chillrud, Kathrin Schilling, Anirban Basu, Ana Navas-Acien, Anne E Nigra","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00043-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00043-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) currently sets maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for ten metals or metalloids in public drinking water systems. Our objective was to estimate metal concentrations in community water systems (CWSs) across the USA, to establish if sociodemographic or regional inequalities in the metal concentrations exist, and to identify patterns of concentrations for these metals as a mixture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated routine compliance monitoring records for antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, mercury, selenium, thallium, and uranium, collected from 2006-11 (2000-11 for uranium; timeframe based on compliance monitoring requirements) by the US EPA in support of their second and third Six-Year Reviews for CWSs. Arsenic, barium, chromium, selenium, and uranium (detectable in >10% records) were included in the main analyses (subgroup and metal mixture analyses; arsenic data reported previously). We compared the mean, 75th percentile, and 95th percentile contaminant concentrations and the percentage of CWSs with concentrations exceeding the MCL across subgroups (region, sociodemographic county-cluster, size of population served, source water type, and CWSs exclusively serving correctional facilities). We evaluated patterns in CWS metal concentration estimate profiles via hierarchical cluster analysis. We created an online interactive map and dashboard of estimated CWS metal concentrations for use in future analyses.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Average metal concentrations were available for a total of 37 915 CWSs across the USA. The total number of monitoring records available was approximately 297 000 for arsenic, 165 000 for barium, 167 000 for chromium, 165 000 for selenium, and 128 000 for uranium. The percentage of analysed CWSs with average concentrations exceeding the MCL was 2·6% for arsenic (MCL=10 μg/L; nationwide mean 1·77 μg/L; n=36 798 CWSs), 2·1% for uranium (MCL=30 μg/L; nationwide mean 4·37 μg/L; n=14 503 CWSs), and less than 0·1% for the other metals. The number of records with detections was highest for uranium (63·1%). 75th and 95th percentile concentrations for uranium, chromium, barium, and selenium were highest for CWSs serving Semi-Urban, Hispanic communities, CWSs reliant on groundwater, and CWSs in the Central Midwest. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two distinct clusters: an arsenic-uranium-selenium cluster and a barium-chromium cluster.</p><p><strong>Interpretations: </strong>Uranium is an under-recognised contaminant in CWSs. Metal concentrations (including uranium) are elevated in CWSs serving Semi-Urban, Hispanic communities independent of location or region, highlighting environmental justice concerns.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>US National Institutes of Health Office of the Director, US National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences, and US National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research.<","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"8 1","pages":"e320-e330"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9037820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82274962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1080/1462169x.2022.2053430
Jaime Ashworth
{"title":"Places, spaces, and voids in the holocaust (European holocaust studies, Vol. 3)","authors":"Jaime Ashworth","doi":"10.1080/1462169x.2022.2053430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169x.2022.2053430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"196 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47308653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2053072
Jan Rybak
words) we are ‘standing within a void of memory’ (p. 259) is not an absence to be overcome but a vital part of what it means to engage with the history and legacy of mass death. Some experiences – the final seconds in the gas chamber, for example – are not entirely recoverable. It is the sense of silence at the end of Dan Pagis’s poem ‘written in pencil in a sealed railway car’ that draws us on: what does ‘eve’ wish us to tell cain, her other son? But the void cannot be penetrated: we have to provide that voice, or cope with its absence. This perhaps explains the slightly abbreviated tone of Tal Bruttman, Stefan Hördler, and Christoph Kreutzmüller in their spatial analysis of Lilli Jacob’s Album (pp. 137–166). As they concede, while the spatial analysis yields much, ‘Topography is not the centre of the album’s narrative and logic.’ (p. 164) In explaining the album as a illustration of how well the SS ‘organized the “flow” of the Jews and their dispossessed possessions against the backdrop of the camp’ (p. 164) they neglect the voids of representation within it: the gas chambers themselves, and the disposal of bodies. If demosntrating efficency was the goal, why not depict the ‘output’? I argue that the album was intended to act as a memory-object for the SS in an alternative postwar world in which Nazism prevailed, working within the tension of Himmler’s description of the murder of European Jewry as a ‘glorious page in our history and that has never been written and can never be written’. The void can sometimes be instructive without being investigated. That this treads a line between investigation and mystification is something that, as time goes on, we shall have to reconcile ourselves to. While this collection illustrates what rigorous and imaginative research can do to fill in even hard-to-recover gaps, we must not forget that there is, in the words of Roland Barthes, a reality from which we are sheltered. Those who could have told us of those ‘voids’ have either (following Primo Levi) returned mute or not returned at all. This excellent volume shows that there is much more to be said about the Holocaust, but it perhaps also highlights that we can allow ourselves to feel the silences as well.
我们“站在记忆的空白中”(第259页)不是一个需要克服的缺失，而是参与大规模死亡的历史和遗产的重要组成部分。有些经历——比如在毒气室的最后几秒钟——是无法完全恢复的。丹·帕吉斯的诗“用铅笔写在一节密封的火车车厢里”结尾的那种沉默感吸引了我们:“夏娃”希望我们告诉她的另一个儿子该隐什么?但是，空虚是无法被穿透的:我们必须提供这种声音，或者应对这种声音的缺失。这也许可以解释Tal Bruttman, Stefan Hördler和Christoph kreutzm ller在他们对lili Jacob的专辑(137-166页)的空间分析中稍微缩短的语气。正如他们承认的那样，虽然空间分析产生了很多，但地形并不是这张专辑叙事和逻辑的中心。(第164页)在解释这张专辑是党卫军如何“在集中营的背景下组织犹太人和他们被剥夺财产的‘流动’”(第164页)时，他们忽视了其中表现的空白:毒气室本身，以及尸体的处理。如果展示效率是目标，为什么不描述“产出”呢?我认为，在纳粹主义盛行的战后世界里，这张专辑的目的是作为党卫军的记忆对象，在希姆莱将谋杀欧洲犹太人描述为“我们历史上光荣的一页，从未被写过，也永远不会被写”的紧张气氛中工作。有时，不经研究，空白也能起到指导作用。随着时间的推移，我们将不得不在调查和神秘化之间划清界限。虽然这个作品集说明了严谨和富有想象力的研究可以填补甚至难以弥补的空白，但我们不能忘记，用罗兰·巴特的话来说，我们被一个现实所庇护。那些本可以告诉我们那些“空洞”的人(跟随普里莫·列维)要么沉默不语，要么根本不回来。这本优秀的书表明，关于大屠杀还有很多可说的，但它也可能突出表明，我们也可以让自己感受到沉默。
{"title":"Tumulte – Excesse – Pogrome. Kollektive Gewalt gegen Juden in Europa 1789–1900","authors":"Jan Rybak","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2022.2053072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2022.2053072","url":null,"abstract":"words) we are ‘standing within a void of memory’ (p. 259) is not an absence to be overcome but a vital part of what it means to engage with the history and legacy of mass death. Some experiences – the final seconds in the gas chamber, for example – are not entirely recoverable. It is the sense of silence at the end of Dan Pagis’s poem ‘written in pencil in a sealed railway car’ that draws us on: what does ‘eve’ wish us to tell cain, her other son? But the void cannot be penetrated: we have to provide that voice, or cope with its absence. This perhaps explains the slightly abbreviated tone of Tal Bruttman, Stefan Hördler, and Christoph Kreutzmüller in their spatial analysis of Lilli Jacob’s Album (pp. 137–166). As they concede, while the spatial analysis yields much, ‘Topography is not the centre of the album’s narrative and logic.’ (p. 164) In explaining the album as a illustration of how well the SS ‘organized the “flow” of the Jews and their dispossessed possessions against the backdrop of the camp’ (p. 164) they neglect the voids of representation within it: the gas chambers themselves, and the disposal of bodies. If demosntrating efficency was the goal, why not depict the ‘output’? I argue that the album was intended to act as a memory-object for the SS in an alternative postwar world in which Nazism prevailed, working within the tension of Himmler’s description of the murder of European Jewry as a ‘glorious page in our history and that has never been written and can never be written’. The void can sometimes be instructive without being investigated. That this treads a line between investigation and mystification is something that, as time goes on, we shall have to reconcile ourselves to. While this collection illustrates what rigorous and imaginative research can do to fill in even hard-to-recover gaps, we must not forget that there is, in the words of Roland Barthes, a reality from which we are sheltered. Those who could have told us of those ‘voids’ have either (following Primo Levi) returned mute or not returned at all. This excellent volume shows that there is much more to be said about the Holocaust, but it perhaps also highlights that we can allow ourselves to feel the silences as well.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"197 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42570140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2025661
E. Wild
ABSTRACT This paper presents an overview investigation of Jews’ Court, Lincoln, research findings, and preliminary thoughts on the form and location of the English medieval synagogue. Dr Cecil Roth assigned synagogue use to the building in the medieval period; however, its appearance is of post-medieval date. The study which took a buildings archaeology approach concluded that Roth’s hypothesis was incorrect. It further investigated the divergent opinions on the building’s construction date and phasing. This paper presents thoughts on the use of medieval building typologies to inform the understanding of the material evidence for the Medieval Anglo-Jewish community and hypotheses on the form and location of medieval synagogues.
{"title":"Jews Court, Lincoln – an evaluation of Cecil Roth’s medieval synagogue and the discourse on the English medieval synagogue taking a buildings archaeology approach","authors":"E. Wild","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2022.2025661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2022.2025661","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents an overview investigation of Jews’ Court, Lincoln, research findings, and preliminary thoughts on the form and location of the English medieval synagogue. Dr Cecil Roth assigned synagogue use to the building in the medieval period; however, its appearance is of post-medieval date. The study which took a buildings archaeology approach concluded that Roth’s hypothesis was incorrect. It further investigated the divergent opinions on the building’s construction date and phasing. This paper presents thoughts on the use of medieval building typologies to inform the understanding of the material evidence for the Medieval Anglo-Jewish community and hypotheses on the form and location of medieval synagogues.","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"32 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48682126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2019984
T. Kushner, T. Griffiths
Why do we publish a mini-symposium in Jewish Culture and History about Simon de Montfort, Sixth Earl of Leicester, a thirteenth century ‘English’ (actually French) Nobleman? If this was the Journal of Medieval History there would be no need for any such justification, or even the English Historical Review, given the importance of de Montfort in domestic history, and especially that of the evolution of parliament. But in a Jewish studies journal, especially one that prides itself on interdisciplinarity and a deep chronological and geographical range? In terms of the history of English antisemitism, de Montfort would earn his keep for inclusion as an innovator (expelling Jews from a particular town, a precursor for the world first of expulsion from a whole kingdom which happened in 1290), and as someone whose religiously inspired hatred for nonChristians (and some Christians as well), was especially profound. Ideology and power were a murderous mix in his case, one that was exceptional even in thirteenth century England. His antisemitism, however, would not quite perhaps be enough to merit the minisymposium in this journal. There is a wider significance and first it concerns the relationship between history and representation and the growing ‘memory wars’ that are being used to justify racial intolerance and populist extremism in the western world. Slow burning in the case of Leicester, there has been an awareness since at least the early 1990s, that the naming not just of its second university, but his memorial presence in the whole of the city, was problematic and offensive to the local Jewish community and beyond. The summer of 2020, the murder of George Floyd, and the new momentum behind the Black Lives Matter movement, gave a global focus to heritage that commemorated racists of both the distant and recent past. There was a renewed consideration of the naming of De Montfort University, especially from its student union, which believed it was incompatible with the claims to equality and diversity policies made by this higher education institute. An online symposium was organised to discuss the issue. A cynical view would be that the management of the university believed that calling a small event where inevitably views would be complex and competing, would take the sting out of the issue. It would be expensive and messy to rename a university, especially unwelcome at a time of Covid related financial stringency. Readers of the diverse views expressed in this
{"title":"Appendix: a symposium on Simon de Montfort, the Jews and the politics of naming","authors":"T. Kushner, T. Griffiths","doi":"10.1080/1462169X.2022.2019984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1462169X.2022.2019984","url":null,"abstract":"Why do we publish a mini-symposium in Jewish Culture and History about Simon de Montfort, Sixth Earl of Leicester, a thirteenth century ‘English’ (actually French) Nobleman? If this was the Journal of Medieval History there would be no need for any such justification, or even the English Historical Review, given the importance of de Montfort in domestic history, and especially that of the evolution of parliament. But in a Jewish studies journal, especially one that prides itself on interdisciplinarity and a deep chronological and geographical range? In terms of the history of English antisemitism, de Montfort would earn his keep for inclusion as an innovator (expelling Jews from a particular town, a precursor for the world first of expulsion from a whole kingdom which happened in 1290), and as someone whose religiously inspired hatred for nonChristians (and some Christians as well), was especially profound. Ideology and power were a murderous mix in his case, one that was exceptional even in thirteenth century England. His antisemitism, however, would not quite perhaps be enough to merit the minisymposium in this journal. There is a wider significance and first it concerns the relationship between history and representation and the growing ‘memory wars’ that are being used to justify racial intolerance and populist extremism in the western world. Slow burning in the case of Leicester, there has been an awareness since at least the early 1990s, that the naming not just of its second university, but his memorial presence in the whole of the city, was problematic and offensive to the local Jewish community and beyond. The summer of 2020, the murder of George Floyd, and the new momentum behind the Black Lives Matter movement, gave a global focus to heritage that commemorated racists of both the distant and recent past. There was a renewed consideration of the naming of De Montfort University, especially from its student union, which believed it was incompatible with the claims to equality and diversity policies made by this higher education institute. An online symposium was organised to discuss the issue. A cynical view would be that the management of the university believed that calling a small event where inevitably views would be complex and competing, would take the sting out of the issue. It would be expensive and messy to rename a university, especially unwelcome at a time of Covid related financial stringency. Readers of the diverse views expressed in this","PeriodicalId":35214,"journal":{"name":"Jewish Culture and History","volume":"23 1","pages":"83 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42144772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1462169X.2022.2019985
Ahuva Liberles
ABSTRACT This paper is a review essay on a new publication concerning Anglo-Jewish history: Lauren Fogle, The King’s Converts: Jewish Conversion in Medieval London. After addressing the contents of the aforementioned monograph, I concentrate on new aspects of research on Jewish medieval conversion to Christianity. The second part of the essay is dedicated to some methodological concerns. The essay closes with a discussion on the necessity of integrating the perspective of Jewish sources when writing about Jews.
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