Migraciones Internacionales最新文献

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La inmigración suiza a Misiones-Argentina (1935-1939): un análisis a partir de las teorías migratorias 瑞士移民传教士-阿根廷(1935-1939):移民理论的分析

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.1837

L. Zang, María Alejandra Fantín

This article addresses the phenomenon of Swiss immigration to the National Territory of Misiones, Argentina, between 1935 and 1939. From an analysis based on different migration theories, we identify the structural factors that led to the mobility of people of that origin and the influence of social networks as a strategic value in the consolidation of links between migrants in the process of adapting to the new environment. The analysis of qualitative sources will reveal the reasons that led them to make the decision to emigrate, the prevailing immigration policies at every moment, and the need to adapt to an entirely new environment.

本文论述了1935年至1939年间瑞士移民到阿根廷米西奥内斯国家领土的现象。从基于不同移民理论的分析中，我们确定了导致原籍人口流动的结构性因素，以及社会网络在移民适应新环境过程中巩固联系的战略价值的影响。对定性来源的分析将揭示导致他们决定移民的原因，每时每刻的现行移民政策，以及适应全新环境的需要。

引用次数: 1

Lethal Violence and Migration in Mexico: An Analysis of Internal and International Moves. 墨西哥的致命暴力与移民：墨西哥的致命暴力和移民：国内和国际动向分析》。

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2282

Douglas S Massey, Jorge Durand, Karen A Pren

We analyze the effect of homicide in Mexico on patterns and processes of internal and international migration. Linking municipal-level homicide rates from 1990 through 2018 with data from the Mexican Migration Project, we estimate a series of multinomial discrete time event history models to assess the effect that exposure to lethal violence has on the likelihood of migration within Mexico and to the United States without documents. Statistical estimates indicate that the homicide rate negatively predicts the likelihood of taking a first undocumented trip to the United States but positively predicts the likelihood of taking a first trip within Mexico. Among those undocumented migrants who have already taken a first U.S. trip, lethal violence also negatively predicts the likelihood of taking a second undocumented trip. Among returned internal migrants whose first trip was to a Mexican destination, the odds of taking a first U.S. trip were also negatively predicted by the municipal homicide rate. We conclude that rising violence in Mexico is not a significant driver of undocumented migration to the United States. Instead it contributes to the decline in undocumented out-migration observed since 2007, in combination with the rising age of those at risk of migration and the growing access of Mexicans to legal entry visas.

我们分析了墨西哥凶杀案对国内和国际移民模式和过程的影响。将 1990 年至 2018 年的市级凶杀率与墨西哥移民项目的数据联系起来，我们估算了一系列多叉离散时间事件历史模型，以评估致命暴力事件对在墨西哥境内移民和无证移民美国的可能性的影响。统计估计表明，凶杀率对无证移民首次前往美国的可能性呈负向预测，但对首次在墨西哥境内旅行的可能性呈正向预测。在那些已经进行了第一次美国旅行的无证移民中，致命暴力也会对第二次无证旅行的可能性产生负面预测。在首次旅行目的地为墨西哥的回国国内移民中，市镇凶杀率对其首次美国旅行的可能性也有负面预测作用。我们的结论是，墨西哥暴力事件的增加并不是无证移民美国的重要驱动因素。相反，自 2007 年以来，无证人口向外移民的数量有所下降，这与面临移民风险的人口年龄上升以及墨西哥人越来越容易获得合法入境签证有关。

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引用次数: 0

Climate Change and Forced Migration 气候变化与强迫移民

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.33679/RMI.V1I1.1846

Shirley Llain Arenilla, Cindy Hawkins Rada

The population of environmentally displaced people has increased recently, thus this article aims to address the challenges climate change may impose on Nation-States concerning human rights in relation to forced migration. The relationship between climate change and forced migration will be studied in order to present the problems arising from the allocation of international responsibility among States and the international protection (or the lack thereof) of “Climate Refugees” and stateless persons caused by the disappearance of Nation- States under climate change; solutions will be proposed under the existing International Human Rights Law.

环境流离失所者的人口最近有所增加，因此本文旨在应对气候变化可能对民族国家造成的与强迫移民有关的人权方面的挑战。将研究气候变化与强迫移民之间的关系，以提出国家间国际责任分配以及因民族国家在气候变化下消失而造成的“气候难民”和无国籍人的国际保护（或缺乏国际保护）所产生的问题；将根据现有的《国际人权法》提出解决方案。

引用次数: 4

Intra-European Mobility of Skilled Expatriates and Place-Identity: Interwoven Social Representations of Rome and Warsaw 技术外籍人士的欧洲内部流动和地方认同:罗马和华沙交织的社会表征

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.1302

A. D. Rosa, Laura Dryjanska

This paper discusses the influence of social representations of a destination city on the motivation and development of individual mobility patterns, using questionnaires with a projective technique and guided interviews. The participants were 60 skilled expatriates in two different European capital cities: Italians residing in Warsaw and Poles residing in Rome. The study demonstrates the relevance of place-identity for the meaning of place within urban culture, in the context where global and local issues are interwoven. It also features the transformation of social representations of the two cities.

本文采用投射式问卷调查和引导访谈的方法，探讨了目的地城市的社会表征对个人流动模式动机和发展的影响。参与者是两个不同的欧洲首都城市的60名外籍技术人员:居住在华沙的意大利人和居住在罗马的波兰人。该研究表明，在全球和地方问题交织的背景下，在城市文化中，地方身份与地方意义的相关性。同时也体现了两个城市社会表征的转变。

引用次数: 2

Back on your own: migración de retorno y la respuesta del gobierno federal en México 回归你自己：墨西哥的返回移民和联邦政府的反应

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.1731

M. Suárez, Nuty Cárdenas Alaminos

U.S.-Mexico migration has been completely transformed. Currently, more Mexicans return from the United States to Mexico than those who migrate to that country. Millions of Mexican migrants have left the United States due to the economic recession, a harsher immigration policy, and a stronger deportation system. Mexican returnees, voluntary and involuntary, present a diverse profile and wide-ranging reintegration needs, which constitutes a challenge for the government in Mexico. Here we analyze specific initiatives and programs created by the Mexican federal government to serve returnees, also we identify various challenges and areas of improvement. Finally, we offer recommendations for a better reintegration of the returnee population.

美墨移民已经完全改变了。目前，从美国返回墨西哥的墨西哥人比移民到该国的墨西哥人多。由于经济衰退、更严厉的移民政策和更强有力的驱逐制度，数百万墨西哥移民离开了美国。墨西哥的自愿和非自愿回返者具有多样化的特点和广泛的重返社会需求，这对墨西哥政府构成了挑战。在这里，我们分析了墨西哥联邦政府为返回者服务的具体举措和计划，并确定了各种挑战和需要改进的领域。最后，我们为回返者更好地重新融入社会提出建议。

引用次数: 6

Between Protection and “Profit”: The Role of Civil Society Organizations in the Migrant Reception Markets in Spain 在保护与“利润”之间:民间社会组织在西班牙移民接收市场中的作用

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2019-12-12 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2135

A. López-Sala, Dirk Godenau

Spanish reception policies for irregular immigrants and asylum seekers have become a political arena in which an increasing number of private actors, such as civil society organizations, are involved. Since the 1990s, Spain has developed a “joint management” formula, sometimes defined as a “collaboration model,” in which agreements with the third sector are leveraged to implement reception practices and policies aimed at providing assistance for vulnerable immigrants. This policy model has shaped negotiations and agreements between the state and civil society that have resulted in a “concerted action,” but also fueled an intense debate regarding the levels of collaboration, coopting and (in)dependence of these organizations. The debate has focused on the heavy reliance of many civil associations on public funds and on how this dependency limits their ability to oppose these policies and their accountability.

西班牙对非正规移民和寻求庇护者的接待政策已成为一个政治舞台，民间社会组织等越来越多的私人行动者参与其中。自20世纪90年代以来，西班牙发展了一种“联合管理”模式，有时被定义为“合作模式”，其中利用与第三部门的协议来实施旨在为弱势移民提供援助的接待实践和政策。这种政策模式形成了国家和民间社会之间的谈判和协议，导致了“协调一致的行动”，但也引发了关于这些组织的合作、吸收和依赖程度的激烈辩论。辩论的焦点是许多民间组织严重依赖公共资金，以及这种依赖如何限制了它们反对这些政策和问责的能力。

引用次数: 4

Experiencias nostálgicas de migrantes mexicanos en Nueva York 墨西哥移民在纽约的怀旧经历·全球之声

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2198

E. T. Pablos, Ariadna Martínez Olvera

This article analyzes the nostalgic experiences of Mexican immigrants in the state of New York. From a new approach to mobilities paradigm, we propose a focus on the emotional aspects of migration to reveal the internal conflicts that emerge when migrants seek to adapt to the lifestyle of their destination country, while trying not to lose their cultural roots, and how this inner tension influences the interactions in their everyday doings and emotions. Based on the narratives exposed in 35 interviews with Mexican immigrants living at the destination country, this qualitative study provides elements for the understanding of nostalgic experiences derived from the painful process of leaving their home country.

本文分析了墨西哥移民在纽约州的怀旧经历。从流动范式的新方法出发，我们提出关注移民的情感方面，以揭示移民在试图适应目的地国家的生活方式时出现的内部冲突，同时试图不失去他们的文化根源，以及这种内在紧张如何影响他们日常行为和情感中的互动。基于对生活在目的地国的35名墨西哥移民的访谈，本定性研究为理解从离开祖国的痛苦过程中产生的怀旧体验提供了元素。

引用次数: 1

En búsqueda del eterno verano. Atracción y rechazo en el proceso de la transmigración placentera en España y México 寻找永恒的夏天。西班牙和墨西哥愉快移民过程中的吸引和拒绝

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2187

Omar Lizárraga Morales

This paper describes and analyzes the stages of the process of what is known in Spanish as Transmigración Placentera. The description of the phenomenon, we do it since the “Push- Pull” theoretical approach, which posits that human mobility responds to rational valuations by comparing elements in the place of origin and destination. In particular, we focus on describing and comparing the mobility of UK citizens who migrate to El Campello, Spain, and US citizens moving to Mazatlan, Mexico.

本文描述并分析了西班牙语中被称为Transmigración Placentera的过程的各个阶段。对这一现象的描述，我们是从“推-拉”理论方法开始的，该方法认为，人类的流动性通过比较来源地和目的地的要素来回应理性的估价。特别是，我们重点描述和比较了移民到西班牙El Campello的英国公民和移民到墨西哥Mazatlan的美国公民的流动性。

引用次数: 1

Ideas y reflexiones de Manuel Gamio acerca de los migrantes de retorno (1925-1930) 曼努埃尔·加米奥关于返回移民的想法和反思（1925-1930）

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2019-09-19 DOI: 10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2169

Fernando Saúl Alanís Enciso

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the central ideas developed by Manuel Gamio about return migrants in a project conducted by the Mexican scholar in 1925 and in his classic work, published in 1930. These views are the first instances of academic reflection concerning return migrants in Mexico, the influence of American society on this social group, and the social and economic consequences of their return to Mexico.

本研究的目的是分析曼努埃尔·加米奥在1925年墨西哥学者进行的一个项目和他1930年出版的经典著作中提出的关于返回移民的核心思想。这些观点是关于墨西哥返回移民、美国社会对这一社会群体的影响以及他们返回墨西哥的社会和经济后果的首次学术反思。

引用次数: 0

Incorporación de inmigrantes sudamericanos en Santiago de Chile: redes migratorias y movilidad ocupacional 南美移民在智利圣地亚哥的融合:移民网络和职业流动

Q3 Social Sciences

Migraciones Internacionales

Pub Date : 2019-08-31 DOI: 10.33679/RMI.V1I1.2145

Pablo Baeza Virgilio

The article explores the characteristics of the incorporation of South American immigrants in Santiago. Based on survey data, the analysis focused on the importance of using networks at the time of arriving in the city and looking for work, and the trajectories of occupational mobility of immigrants in relation to their positions in origin. The results shows the key role of social capital in the processes of incorporation into the city, the existence of differentiated and heterogeneous incorporation trajectories among the different national groups, and the presence of a segmented U-shaped pattern of occupational mobility.

本文探讨了南美移民融入圣地亚哥的特点。基于调查数据，分析集中在到达城市和寻找工作时使用网络的重要性，以及移民的职业流动轨迹与其原籍位置的关系。研究结果表明，社会资本在城市融入过程中发挥了关键作用，不同民族群体之间存在差异化和异质化的融入轨迹，职业流动呈现分段u型格局。

引用次数: 8

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