Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo最新文献

We analyzed the real capabilities for the older generation by monitoring web resources and identifying real user requests via the Internet. As a result, we formed a database containing dataset of the real capabilities for the older generation. We assumes the directions to implement survey results in developing socio-humanitarian technologies for improving the well-being of the older people based on a comparison of ideas about their real needs in scientific literature, state strategy and user web requests. We propose a systematization of the real capabilities of the older people into the following groups: 1) primary needs for financial assistance and medical care, social protection; 2) capabilities for communication, including the digital environment, and autonomy of residence; 3) capabilities for work and self-development; 4) the capability for self-realization. We proposed recommendations to create a simulation model of needs for monitoring socio-economic changes in the aging economy in real time.

In order to study the prevalence of chronic somatic age-associated pathology in elderly and senile people suffering from Alzheimer's type dementia with the presentation of the hypothesis of somatopsychic pathogenetic comorbidity observation and treatment, 217 patients were observed, conditionally divided into 2 comparable groups: with a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (n=73) and with so-called Alzheimer's type dementia (n=144). Distinct differences in the variants of comorbid to the selected types of dementia of somatic pathology were determined, which had a negative impact not only in terms of the occurrence of cognitive disorders, but also in the future, during the formation of the most severe variants of dementia. In cases of Alzheimer's disease, pathological processes in the large intestine turned out to be leading, with Alzheimer's type dementia - diseases of the circulatory system and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, the diagnostic algorithm of patients with dementia should include the most comprehensive somatic examination, and treatment should affect not only the mental, but also the somatic sphere, taking into account the principles of a comprehensive geriatric assessment. With such approaches and under the condition of social well-being in the family, it is possible to achieve not only stabilization, but also some improvement in terms of psychopathological disorders, in particular with Alzheimer's type dementia.

The study aimed at analyzing the mineral picture of young, middle-aged and elderly men of the city of Magadan having physical activity of a different intensity. The survey involved 235 men aged 18-44, 130 men at the age of 45-59, and 100 men 60-74 years old whose lifestyle varied with the intensity of physical activity. Hair samples were used to assess the content of 25 macro- and microelements (ME) with spectrometric methods on «Optima 2000 DV» and «NexION 300D units» («Perkin Elmer», USA). The analysis showed the so called northern type of ME imbalance experienced by all the examinees regardless of the age and intensity of physical activity with pronounced deficit in essential elements - Ca, Mg, Co, and Se. In case of men 60-74 years old age, we also observed lowered concentrations of Cr, V, and Si. At a younger age, physically active men exhibited significantly higher concentrations of Co, K, and P with lower variables of Cr, Li, V, I, Cd and Pb. The middle-aged subjects were high in P and low in Co, Fe, Mn, Al, Pb, and Sn. As for the elderly males, they tended to show reduced concentrations of As, Be, and Si. The total frequency of elemental deficiency was characteristic of all the age groups with low physical activity, and it was greatest at a younger age regardless of the intensity of physical activity. In addition to preventive measures on maintaining tone, metabolism, training of the heart muscle and blood vessels, the recommended physical activity should be of at least a moderate intensity as a natural physiological corrector to achieve the body bio elemental balance.

The aim of the study was to generalize and assess victimological spontaneous measures to combat victimization and to identify anti-victim means to counteract negative factors in old age. It was found that at present there are no generally recognized theoretically substantiated positive strategies for the functioning of the personality in old age. The dominant tendency is to describe an elderly person not as a subject of activity, but as a passive object of influence, which gives rise to gerontological ageism and forms the position of a victim in an elderly person. The empirical part of the study involved 90 people of different social status: pre-pensioners, working and non-working pensioners. It was found that anti-victim personality traits: anti-victim attitudes, anti-victim life position and internal locus of control allow an elderly person to successfully overcome victimological barriers that arise in old age, while maintaining and protecting the main reserve of his personality: self-esteem and personal dignity. The main generalized anti-victim tools that create conditions for the implementation of positive life strategies in old age are described: complexity, rhythmization of life, compensatory and networking.