Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2016.1263484
E. Alekseyev
The author reviews the many genres of Yakut (Sakha) folk music, arguing that its richness is illustrated through the vitality and adaptability of song [toyuk], epos [olonkho], prayer [algys], and improvisational circle dance chanting [okhuokhai]. Some traditionally multi-media and multi-vocal forms, such as shamanic dramas and full-length epic singing, have been rechanneled, with their creative spirit being inherited by the most varied manifestations of Yakut artistic culture—words, painting, and music.
{"title":"The Yakut Folk Song: A Brief Ethnographic-Musical Sketch","authors":"E. Alekseyev","doi":"10.1080/10611959.2016.1263484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10611959.2016.1263484","url":null,"abstract":"The author reviews the many genres of Yakut (Sakha) folk music, arguing that its richness is illustrated through the vitality and adaptability of song [toyuk], epos [olonkho], prayer [algys], and improvisational circle dance chanting [okhuokhai]. Some traditionally multi-media and multi-vocal forms, such as shamanic dramas and full-length epic singing, have been rechanneled, with their creative spirit being inherited by the most varied manifestations of Yakut artistic culture—words, painting, and music.","PeriodicalId":35495,"journal":{"name":"Anthropology and Archeology of Eurasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10611959.2016.1263484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59599447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2016.1263489
O. Vasylenko
The bear festival of the Kazym Khanty represents a multicomponent cultural and religious phenomenon, featuring key ritual and mythic symbols of the Khanty world, closely correlated to the richest level of Ob’-Ugrian musical depth. Relevant literature encompasses significant works by ethnographers, musicologists, and culturologists from the eighteenth through nineteenth centuries. Nevertheless, the style and genre aspects of analyzing ritual bear-honoring songs of the Kazym Khanty has been insufficiently studied. The article explores the genre and musical component of the bear festival as a unified traditional culture conceptual text. Classification of the ritual songs requires studying the rite’s dramaturgy, integrated structurally. The ritual bear complex and its actions can be structurally analyzed according to genre and by ethnic group. Theoretical interpretation and musical style typology can be derived using a hierarchy of Kazym Khanty bear songs. Aleatoric principles [from Latin, aleatorius or playful] pertain to songs within a genre group in a specific order, as in the preliminary moments of a shamanic séance, thus indicating the musical structure of the bear festival in each concrete situation. Homogeneity characterizes melodies that are sacral and profane. The entire rite forms a stylistic series: sequential (a horizontal axis, within phrases, genre groups and songs), and diachronic (a multi-temporal vertical axis). Intonation enables a unified environment that integrates song arrangement. The bear festival is therefore envisioned as a style and genre system.
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Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2016.1263486
Otanazar Matyakubov
This article, derived from a chapter in the book Musical Treasure-Trove of Uzbekistan, addresses the history, sources, theory, and practice of the Uzbek classical music called makom [maqâm]. The author argues that Uzbek classical music has an unbroken, complex, and philosophical legacy that has come down to us as a living tradition from numerous sources in the wider region of Central Asia. He illustrates his innovative interpretation with diverse music samples and elaborate analysis of makom terminology.
{"title":"The Musical Treasure-Trove of Uzbekistan: The Phenomenon of Uzbek Classical Music","authors":"Otanazar Matyakubov","doi":"10.1080/10611959.2016.1263486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10611959.2016.1263486","url":null,"abstract":"This article, derived from a chapter in the book Musical Treasure-Trove of Uzbekistan, addresses the history, sources, theory, and practice of the Uzbek classical music called makom [maqâm]. The author argues that Uzbek classical music has an unbroken, complex, and philosophical legacy that has come down to us as a living tradition from numerous sources in the wider region of Central Asia. He illustrates his innovative interpretation with diverse music samples and elaborate analysis of makom terminology.","PeriodicalId":35495,"journal":{"name":"Anthropology and Archeology of Eurasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10611959.2016.1263486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59599469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2015.1230458
M. Balzer
Scholars have many ways to push the boundaries of archeology and further the field. One is to establish an entire new line of cultural grouping or humanoid existence, something newsworthy and rare. Another, more common practice is to expand the known areal of a given established cultural tradition. Further possibilities include deepening time horizons, and creating new understandings of migrations of peoples. Uncovering class, gender, rural–urban, and nomadic–settled differences can become pathways toward new frameworks. Collaborative use of multiple technologies and disciplines to create new synergistic learning is yet another important way to advance archeologically based knowledge. These only begin to touch the surface of a field that is constantly expanding through attention to minute details. In the archeology of Russia, and more broadly, in Russian-influenced archeology throughout the whole Soviet and post-Soviet territory, attention to detail, collaborative mixes of multiple disciplines, and flexible understanding of changing migration or class patterns in Eurasia have long been established standards. They require communication across countries, access to museum collections, and complex technologies that are not always easily available. However, the superb record of diligent archeological research continues, and is represented by the première journal Rossiiskaia Arkheologiia. The articles in this issue, recently published in Rossiiskaia Arkheologiia, represent several ways to push the boundaries of archeologically dominant knowledge. The first, by Vladimir Iu. Koval,
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Pub Date : 2015-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2015.1114874
Mariia V. Dobrovol'skaia, G. L. Zemtsov, A. Mastykova, M. B. Mednikova
The article examines female burial 1, discovered at the multiple-layered settlement of Mukhino 2 (Zadonskii raion of Lipetsk oblast) on the left bank of the Snova River not far from where it flows into the Don River. Anthropological research of the skeletal remains has shown that they belong to a woman twenty to twenty-nine years of age. Burial 1 from the Mukhino 2 settlement is accompanied by grave goods typical of burials of the “barbarian” nobility in the Hunnic period, indicating a high social rank of the buried woman. Her attire is analogous to cultural traditions of the sedentary population of the Late Antique centers of the northern Black Sea region. Based on the grave goods, the Mukhino entombment can be dated to the end of the D2 period through the beginning of the D2/D3 in the “barbarian” European chronology, approximately the years 430–50. Morphological characterization of the postcranial skeleton suggests her refinement. Comparison with previously examined Sarmatian and Alanic female samples from the “elite rafts” of the Klin-Iar complex helps to identify certain similar features. It has been established from isotopic and elemental analysis data that animal proteins did not predominate in the buried woman's dietary structure, while plants of the C4 photosynthesis type (millet?) comprised a considerable portion, indicating a sedentary lifestyle. This assumption finds additional corroboration in the results of paleobotanical research on regional finds. Skeletal remains reveal a complex of features pointing to a possible southern origin for the buried woman.
{"title":"Female Elite Burial from the Upper Don Hunnic Time Settlement of Mukhino 2: A Bioarcheological Reconstruction","authors":"Mariia V. Dobrovol'skaia, G. L. Zemtsov, A. Mastykova, M. B. Mednikova","doi":"10.1080/10611959.2015.1114874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10611959.2015.1114874","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines female burial 1, discovered at the multiple-layered settlement of Mukhino 2 (Zadonskii raion of Lipetsk oblast) on the left bank of the Snova River not far from where it flows into the Don River. Anthropological research of the skeletal remains has shown that they belong to a woman twenty to twenty-nine years of age. Burial 1 from the Mukhino 2 settlement is accompanied by grave goods typical of burials of the “barbarian” nobility in the Hunnic period, indicating a high social rank of the buried woman. Her attire is analogous to cultural traditions of the sedentary population of the Late Antique centers of the northern Black Sea region. Based on the grave goods, the Mukhino entombment can be dated to the end of the D2 period through the beginning of the D2/D3 in the “barbarian” European chronology, approximately the years 430–50. Morphological characterization of the postcranial skeleton suggests her refinement. Comparison with previously examined Sarmatian and Alanic female samples from the “elite rafts” of the Klin-Iar complex helps to identify certain similar features. It has been established from isotopic and elemental analysis data that animal proteins did not predominate in the buried woman's dietary structure, while plants of the C4 photosynthesis type (millet?) comprised a considerable portion, indicating a sedentary lifestyle. This assumption finds additional corroboration in the results of paleobotanical research on regional finds. Skeletal remains reveal a complex of features pointing to a possible southern origin for the buried woman.","PeriodicalId":35495,"journal":{"name":"Anthropology and Archeology of Eurasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10611959.2015.1114874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59599435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2015.1252207
Sources used: Original manuscripts, plus articles from Etnograficheskoe obozrenie (Ethnographic Review); Rossiiskaia arkheologiia (Russian Archeology); Trudy Instituta etnografii (Works of the Institute of Ethnography); Sbornik Muzeia antropologii i etnografii (Collection of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography); Voprosy filosofii (Problems of Philosophy); Voprosy istorii (Problems of History); Novoe v etnografii (New in Ethnography); Nauka i religiia (Science and Religion); Obshchestvennye nauki (Social Sciences); Issledovaniia po prikladnoi i neotlozhnoi etnologie (Studies in Applied and Urgent Ethnology); Vostok (The East); Federalizm; Panorama-Forum. Articles in this issue are translated by arrangement with the copyright holders.
来源:原始手稿，加上Etnograficheskoe obozrenie(人种学评论)的文章;俄罗斯考古学;Trudy Instituta etnografii(人种学研究所著作);Sbornik Muzeia anthropologii i etnografii(人类与民族志博物馆收藏);哲学问题;历史问题;Novoe v etnografii(新民族志);科学与宗教;社会科学;应用民族学与紧急民族学研究;东方;Federalizm;Panorama-Forum。本刊文章经与版权方安排翻译。
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Pub Date : 2015-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2015.1216214
V. Berezutskii, A. Medvedev
The article discusses a burial in a catacomb discovered in a barrow at the village of Losevo in Pavlovsk raion, Voronezh oblast. In terms of the rite and accompanying grave goods, it is practically identical to the T-shaped catacombs of the area along the lower reaches of the Don River from the fourth century CE. The burial could have been that of an Alan who had survived a pogrom by Huns and fled northward into remote areas of the forest-steppe along the Don.
{"title":"An Alan Burial from the Era of the Great Migration of Peoples on the Middle Don","authors":"V. Berezutskii, A. Medvedev","doi":"10.1080/10611959.2015.1216214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10611959.2015.1216214","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses a burial in a catacomb discovered in a barrow at the village of Losevo in Pavlovsk raion, Voronezh oblast. In terms of the rite and accompanying grave goods, it is practically identical to the T-shaped catacombs of the area along the lower reaches of the Don River from the fourth century CE. The burial could have been that of an Alan who had survived a pogrom by Huns and fled northward into remote areas of the forest-steppe along the Don.","PeriodicalId":35495,"journal":{"name":"Anthropology and Archeology of Eurasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10611959.2015.1216214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59599707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2015.1216215
A. Skripkin
The article features a rarely encountered type of incense burner of a cubic form from the burial sites of the Early Sarmatian culture. Only three instances of such incense burners in the burials of the second and first centuries BCE are known in the Volga—Don region. This type of incense burner becomes widely prevalent at a later time, starting with the mid-second century BCE, in burials of the Late Sarmatian culture. The context of the finds of early cubic incense burners allows us to assume that migrations of nomads into the region of the Volga—Don steppes in the Early and Late Sarmatian period originated from a close territory.
{"title":"On One Type of Early Sarmatian Incense Burner","authors":"A. Skripkin","doi":"10.1080/10611959.2015.1216215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10611959.2015.1216215","url":null,"abstract":"The article features a rarely encountered type of incense burner of a cubic form from the burial sites of the Early Sarmatian culture. Only three instances of such incense burners in the burials of the second and first centuries BCE are known in the Volga—Don region. This type of incense burner becomes widely prevalent at a later time, starting with the mid-second century BCE, in burials of the Late Sarmatian culture. The context of the finds of early cubic incense burners allows us to assume that migrations of nomads into the region of the Volga—Don steppes in the Early and Late Sarmatian period originated from a close territory.","PeriodicalId":35495,"journal":{"name":"Anthropology and Archeology of Eurasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10611959.2015.1216215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59599717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10611959.2015.1114872
V. Koval
This article presents the results of cross-cutting an embankment and ditch at the Rostislavl' fortified settlement, the remnants of a town mentioned in the chronicles. After identifying sectional profiles of the trenches, for every 20–30 centimeters, it was possible to discern hard-to-detect remnants of timber from log constructions that had completely decayed and been displaced by native soil (yellow loam). It was established that the embankment visible today is the ruins of a wood and timber wall. This approach has clarified the sequence of the backfilling of soil into the log constructions and the description of this soil after the timber had rotted. This permitted us to establish traces of four successive walls rebuilt repeatedly. Radiocarbon analysis of the charcoal from under the wall foundations and study of the objects and ceramics from the extensions to the wall have allowed stages of fort construction to be dated to the late thirteenth through fifteenth centuries. The founding placement of the fortification of Rostislavl' in the second half of the twelfth through the first half of the thirteenth centuries is documented.
{"title":"The Main Line of Defensive Fortifications at Rostislavl'-Riazanskii","authors":"V. Koval","doi":"10.1080/10611959.2015.1114872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10611959.2015.1114872","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of cross-cutting an embankment and ditch at the Rostislavl' fortified settlement, the remnants of a town mentioned in the chronicles. After identifying sectional profiles of the trenches, for every 20–30 centimeters, it was possible to discern hard-to-detect remnants of timber from log constructions that had completely decayed and been displaced by native soil (yellow loam). It was established that the embankment visible today is the ruins of a wood and timber wall. This approach has clarified the sequence of the backfilling of soil into the log constructions and the description of this soil after the timber had rotted. This permitted us to establish traces of four successive walls rebuilt repeatedly. Radiocarbon analysis of the charcoal from under the wall foundations and study of the objects and ceramics from the extensions to the wall have allowed stages of fort construction to be dated to the late thirteenth through fifteenth centuries. The founding placement of the fortification of Rostislavl' in the second half of the twelfth through the first half of the thirteenth centuries is documented.","PeriodicalId":35495,"journal":{"name":"Anthropology and Archeology of Eurasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10611959.2015.1114872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59599423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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