Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2021-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2021.10.001
J.S. D'Cotha , P. Sajeesh , P.R. Suresh , J. Jithu
Augmenting the productivity of fresh water with minimum environmental impact is a challenging task for researchers across the globe. Solar desalination is an environment-friendly approach with minimum CO2 emissions. Researchers have investigated the influence of different design and operating variables to enhance the distillate productivity using passive-type stepped solar stills. The stepped solar stills were similar in shape and size compared to the conventional solar still and had increased distillate output. The influence of cavity volume space, the depth of water, and the surface area of the absorber in contact with the saline water on the distillate output is discussed in this paper. Most researchers proved the fact that stepped stills had higher productivity compared to conventional stills. In this review, an attempt is made to discuss the different design and operating parameters influencing the productivity of stepped still.
{"title":"Inherent configuration characteristics altering the distillate enhancement of passive stepped solar still: A review","authors":"J.S. D'Cotha , P. Sajeesh , P.R. Suresh , J. Jithu","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Augmenting the productivity of fresh water with minimum environmental impact is a challenging task for researchers across the globe. Solar desalination is an environment-friendly approach with minimum CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Researchers have investigated the influence of different design and operating variables to enhance the distillate productivity using passive-type stepped solar stills. The stepped solar stills were similar in shape and size compared to the conventional solar still and had increased distillate output. The influence of cavity volume space, the depth of water, and the surface area of the absorber in contact with the saline water on the distillate output is discussed in this paper. Most researchers proved the fact that stepped stills had higher productivity compared to conventional stills. In this review, an attempt is made to discuss the different design and operating parameters influencing the productivity of stepped still.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 684-693"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79011557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of natural materials to improve oil recovery and production is believed to be a suitable method. The current study examined hydrocolloids extracted from flaxseed as a viscosifying agent for improved and enhanced oil recovery EOR. It aimed to investigate the effect of concentration, temperature, salinity, and ageing time on the rheology of the flaxseed gel solution (FGS). The study also highlighted the solution’s performance at the core level for carbonate reservoirs. The FGS was successfully extracted by soaking and heating at 70 °C. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results showed polysaccharide dominance in the mucilage. The rheology outcomes showed that the FGS was able to increase the water viscosity by 5–17 cp at 25 °C. Different concentrations of the FGS preserved its viscosity at temperatures of 25–45 °C. The salinity reduced the gel’s viscosity, especially above 2.5 wt%. A 50 g/L solution successfully tolerated all the tested salinities and the temperature range at all shear rates. A reduction in viscosity was observed during the first five days of ageing due to biological degradation caused by bacteria. Ageing had no major influence between 5 and 10 days. The FGS resulted in a 12 % incremental oil recovery. The sweep efficiency improved due to the 84 % mobility enhancement. This study confirms the possibility of deploying hydrocolloids as a natural viscosifier to improve the oil recovery in Kazakhstan’s oil reservoir conditions.
{"title":"Evaluation of flaxseed hydrocolloid’s potential in improving oil recovery","authors":"Birzhan Mazhit, Azza Hashim Abbas, Peyman Pourafshary","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of natural materials to improve oil recovery and production is believed to be a suitable method. The current study examined hydrocolloids extracted from flaxseed as a viscosifying agent for improved and enhanced oil recovery EOR. It aimed to investigate the effect of concentration, temperature, salinity, and ageing time on the rheology of the flaxseed gel solution (FGS). The study also highlighted the solution’s performance at the core level for carbonate reservoirs. The FGS was successfully extracted by soaking and heating at 70 °C. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results showed polysaccharide dominance in the mucilage. The rheology outcomes showed that the FGS was able to increase the water viscosity by 5–17 cp at 25 °C. Different concentrations of the FGS preserved its viscosity at temperatures of 25–45 °C. The salinity reduced the gel’s viscosity, especially above 2.5 wt%. A 50 g/L solution successfully tolerated all the tested salinities and the temperature range at all shear rates. A reduction in viscosity was observed during the first five days of ageing due to biological degradation caused by bacteria. Ageing had no major influence between 5 and 10 days. The FGS resulted in a 12 % incremental oil recovery. The sweep efficiency improved due to the 84 % mobility enhancement. This study confirms the possibility of deploying hydrocolloids as a natural viscosifier to improve the oil recovery in Kazakhstan’s oil reservoir conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 611-618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136056392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2021.09.006
Jeddah is the most important port city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The climate of Jeddah is mostly dry; however, events of intensive rainfall followed by urban flooding have been reported in recent history. These floods interrupt the logistics and lifelines of the city. In this study runoff analysis and Flash Flood management by the green roof low impact development (LID) control system, was performed using United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s Stormwater Management Model (SWMM). Six middle districts of Jeddah city had been selected and modeled in five sub-catchment areas. The local soil and geographic conditions were incorporated into the model. The effect of the soil-based, rooftop, LID system has been emphasized in the analysis. In flood simulations, 30–70% of the impervious area of each sub-catchment has been treated with LID. It has been observed that the LID application can significantly reduce the overall flood flow. Thus, simple but well-planned LID control systems can be effectively utilized for the flood management of heavily urbanized regions.
吉达是沙特阿拉伯王国最重要的港口城市。吉达的气候大多比较干燥，但在最近的历史上，也曾发生过强降雨导致城市洪水泛滥的事件。这些洪水中断了城市的物流和生命线。本研究利用美国环保署（EPA）的雨水管理模型（SWMM），通过绿色屋顶低影响开发（LID）控制系统进行径流分析和山洪管理。研究选取了吉达市的六个中区，并在五个子流域内建立了模型。当地的土壤和地理条件被纳入模型中。分析中强调了基于土壤、屋顶的 LID 系统的效果。在洪水模拟中，每个子流域 30-70% 的不透水区域都采用了 LID 系统。结果表明，采用低能耗、低污染的系统可以大大减少总体洪水流量。因此，简单但规划合理的 LID 控制系统可以有效地用于严重城市化地区的洪水管理。
{"title":"Application of soil-based low-impact development system for Flash Flood management of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jeddah is the most important port city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The climate of Jeddah is mostly dry; however, events of intensive rainfall followed by urban flooding have been reported in recent history. These floods interrupt the logistics and lifelines of the city. In this study runoff analysis and Flash Flood management by the green roof low impact development (LID) control system, was performed using United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s Stormwater Management Model (SWMM). Six middle districts of Jeddah city had been selected and modeled in five sub-catchment areas. The local soil and geographic conditions were incorporated into the model. The effect of the soil-based, rooftop, LID system has been emphasized in the analysis. In flood simulations, 30–70% of the impervious area of each sub-catchment has been treated with LID. It has been observed that the LID application can significantly reduce the overall flood flow. Thus, simple but well-planned LID control systems can be effectively utilized for the flood management of heavily urbanized regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Pages 455-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83252636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2021-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2021.12.008
For the characterization of fiber-reinforced soil under static loading conditions, there is a wealth of literature. However, study on the dynamic behavior of fiber-reinforced soil is very limited. Now that earthquakes are occurring frequently around the world, the dynamic soil analysis has become important for all classes of geotechnical engineering problems. Through numerical simulation of triaxial specimens, the current study explores the behaviour of fiber-reinforced cohesionless soil. The numerical model was validated using existing laboratory triaxial compression testing literature. The stress–strain response of fiber-reinforced sand has been investigated using static and cyclic triaxial testing, as well as other combinations of fiber contents. Fiber-reinforced sand is tested for bulk modulus, shear modulus, and damping values. Effects of fiber contents on static and dynamic stress–strain response of fiber-reinforced soil are highlighted. It has been observed from results that, with an increase in fiber content modulus of elasticity, bulk modulus and shear modulus values increase while damping coefficients decrease for the same. It is believed that the highlighted numerical approach will be an alternative to laboratory experiments to determine the dynamic properties of fiber-reinforced soil.
{"title":"Static and dynamic characterization of fiber reinforced sand: A numerical investigation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the characterization of fiber-reinforced soil under static loading conditions, there is a wealth of literature. However, study on the dynamic behavior of fiber-reinforced soil is very limited. Now that earthquakes are occurring frequently around the world, the dynamic soil analysis has become important for all classes of geotechnical engineering problems. Through numerical simulation of triaxial specimens, the current study explores the behaviour of fiber-reinforced cohesionless soil. The numerical model was validated using existing laboratory triaxial compression testing literature. The stress–strain response of fiber-reinforced sand has been investigated using static and cyclic triaxial testing, as well as other combinations of fiber contents. Fiber-reinforced sand is tested for bulk modulus, shear modulus, and damping values. Effects of fiber contents on static and dynamic stress–strain response of fiber-reinforced soil are highlighted. It has been observed from results that, with an increase in fiber content modulus of elasticity, bulk modulus and shear modulus values increase while damping coefficients decrease for the same. It is believed that the highlighted numerical approach will be an alternative to laboratory experiments to determine the dynamic properties of fiber-reinforced soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Pages 517-523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86494898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2023.10.002
An experimental study is presented, simulating the firing process of artisanal red brick in a laboratory muffle. Under controlled heating conditions, the influence of both temperature and time on both the compressive strength and surface color of model bricks are evaluated. A production run and numerical simulations of laboratory brick heating are used to define the experimental conditions in the laboratory. A statistical model replicates the behavior of the compressive resistance at different temperatures, both in the muffle furnace and in production. Brick color has a more representative tone of a well-burned brick when created at the burning temperatures suggested in the literature.
{"title":"Compression resistance and color evaluation in artisanal red bricks: Experimental study and numerical simulation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An experimental study is presented, simulating the firing process of artisanal red brick in a laboratory muffle. Under controlled heating conditions, the influence of both temperature and time on both the compressive strength and surface color of model bricks are evaluated. A production run and numerical simulations of laboratory brick heating are used to define the experimental conditions in the laboratory. A statistical model replicates the behavior of the compressive resistance at different temperatures, both in the muffle furnace and in production. Brick color has a more representative tone of a well-burned brick when created at the burning temperatures suggested in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Pages 446-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135810649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2021.12.001
In an attempt to promote a cleaner environment, the deployment of waste materials in soil amendment protocols has been a major concern for civil engineers. Recent discoveries in the study of soil mechanics have revealed the pozzolanic tendencies demonstrated by these waste materials, which are beneficial in the development of road infrastructure. This has necessitated the need for this research to document the impacts of exploring the usage of combined solid waste derivatives in ameliorating the geotechnical parameters of deficient soil. The current stabilization exercise was geared towards the improvement of the mechanical properties of soil and surpassing the detrimental tendencies especially caused by seasonal variations. Moving forward, the microstructural response of the unaltered and additive ameliorated soil was investigated via qualitative means such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The additives including cement kiln dust (CKD) and rice husk ash (RHA), were added by air-dried weight of the soil and compacted based on the standards of British Standard Light (BSL), West African Standard (WAS) and British Standard Heavy (BSH). With regard to the compaction exercise, the incorporation of these additive materials into the soil facilitated a gradual increase in the maximum dry density (MDDs) followed by a decrease in the optimum moisture contents (OMCs). In view of these research findings, soil treatment studies facilitated a substantial upsurge in the strength (California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS)) values of the ameliorated soil, in agreement with the requirements of Nigeria's general specification for all compactive efforts. Finally, the usefulness and efficacy of combining these wastes in deficient soil treatment were validated qualitatively via the SEM and FTIR strategies. The results of the SEM analysis revealed some disparities between the unaltered and altered soil specimens, providing insights into the direction of calcite formation in the additive-treated soil.
{"title":"Understanding the impacts of binary additives on the mechanical and morphological response of ameliorated soil for road infrastructures","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In an attempt to promote a cleaner environment, the deployment of waste materials in soil amendment protocols has been a major concern for civil engineers. Recent discoveries in the study of soil mechanics have revealed the pozzolanic tendencies demonstrated by these waste materials, which are beneficial in the development of road infrastructure. This has necessitated the need for this research to document the impacts of exploring the usage of combined solid waste derivatives in ameliorating the geotechnical parameters of deficient soil. The current stabilization exercise was geared towards the improvement of the mechanical properties of soil and surpassing the detrimental tendencies especially caused by seasonal variations. Moving forward, the microstructural response of the unaltered and additive ameliorated soil was investigated via qualitative means such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The additives including cement kiln dust (CKD) and rice husk ash (RHA), were added by air-dried weight of the soil and compacted based on the standards of British Standard Light (BSL), West African Standard (WAS) and British Standard Heavy (BSH). With regard to the compaction exercise, the incorporation of these additive materials into the soil facilitated a gradual increase in the maximum dry density (MDDs) followed by a decrease in the optimum moisture contents (OMCs). In view of these research findings, soil treatment studies facilitated a substantial upsurge in the strength (California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS)) values of the ameliorated soil, in agreement with the requirements of Nigeria's general specification for all compactive efforts. Finally, the usefulness and efficacy of combining these wastes in deficient soil treatment were validated qualitatively via the SEM and FTIR strategies. The results of the SEM analysis revealed some disparities between the unaltered and altered soil specimens, providing insights into the direction of calcite formation in the additive-treated soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Pages 463-472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82664207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2023.12.003
The construction industry plays an important role in the economy of countries and provides the necessary services to achieve the needs and welfare of societies. For this, attention should be given to this sector. The research aims to indicate the most important causes of conflicts in construction projects, the most important reasons for the failure of construction contracting companies, and to study the relationship between conflicts and failure of contractors in the construction industry. This study uses the questionnaire method to achieve its objectives. The target participants are contractor of grade 1 and 2 in Palestine. Eighteen (18) conflict factors and 17 influencing factors in contracting failure are identified and tabulated in a questionnaire form. Results show that the main conflict factors include: delaying monthly payments from the project owner, frequent variation orders, the quality of work is poor, rework, and delay in delivering the works according to the schedule. While the main factors of contractors failure are: cash flow problems, conflict between parties, bidding strategy, local political conditions and low profit due to high competitions. The results show a correlation between conflict and contracting business failure. The results of the research would be of great importance to those interested in the construction industry, as they contribute to identifying the causes of major problems in the construction sector and help in its renaissance and development.
{"title":"Effect of conflicts on the contracting business failure in the construction industry","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction industry plays an important role in the economy of countries and provides the necessary services to achieve the needs and welfare of societies. For this, attention should be given to this sector. The research aims to indicate the most important causes of conflicts in construction projects, the most important reasons for the failure of construction contracting companies, and to study the relationship between conflicts and failure of contractors in the construction industry. This study uses the questionnaire method to achieve its objectives. The target participants are contractor of grade 1 and 2 in Palestine. Eighteen (18) conflict factors and 17 influencing factors in contracting failure are identified and tabulated in a questionnaire form. Results show that the main conflict factors include: delaying monthly payments from the project owner, frequent variation orders, the quality of work is poor, rework, and delay in delivering the works according to the schedule. While the main factors of contractors failure are: cash flow problems, conflict between parties, bidding strategy, local political conditions and low profit due to high competitions. The results show a correlation between conflict and contracting business failure. The results of the research would be of great importance to those interested in the construction industry, as they contribute to identifying the causes of major problems in the construction sector and help in its renaissance and development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Pages 498-503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2021-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2021.10.002
This article explores the critical frequent factors of rework and assigns management strategies to mitigate their occurrence in the Egyptian construction projects. Data from 69 practitioners have been analyzed utilizing the questionnaire research strategy to specify the occurrence likelihood mean scores of 38 rework factors. Thereafter, a mean score of 3.50 has been employed as a trustworthy critical cut-off value, which has singled out 15 factors from the 38 rework causes to be the critical frequent rework factors in Egypt’s construction sector. Further, the study chose 10 strategies from the previous literature, through which the consequences of the 15 critical frequent rework factors can be handled. The results highlight the practices to be addressed by policy-makers and practitioners in Egypt to boost the performance of their construction sector. The realization of the paper’s goals has pivotal benefits in both practical and theoretical fields, either at the local or international level. Locally, this equips the stakeholders of Egypt’s construction division with the needed prevention strategies, which can influentially mitigate the implications of rework causes. As for the international level, new top-rated country-specific rework factors have been derived from the Egyptian construction market, which broadens the understanding of academics to rework’s critical causes.
{"title":"Exploring the critical frequent factors of rework and assigning strategies to mitigate their occurrence in the Egyptian construction projects","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article explores the critical frequent factors of rework and assigns management strategies to mitigate their occurrence in the Egyptian construction projects. Data from 69 practitioners have been analyzed utilizing the questionnaire research strategy to specify the occurrence likelihood mean scores of 38 rework factors. Thereafter, a mean score of 3.50 has been employed as a trustworthy critical cut-off value, which has singled out 15 factors from the 38 rework causes to be the critical frequent rework factors in Egypt’s construction sector. Further, the study chose 10 strategies from the previous literature, through which the consequences of the 15 critical frequent rework factors can be handled. The results highlight the practices to be addressed by policy-makers and practitioners in Egypt to boost the performance of their construction sector. The realization of the paper’s goals has pivotal benefits in both practical and theoretical fields, either at the local or international level. Locally, this equips the stakeholders of Egypt’s construction division with the needed prevention strategies, which can influentially mitigate the implications of rework causes. As for the international level, new top-rated country-specific rework factors have been derived from the Egyptian construction market, which broadens the understanding of academics to rework’s critical causes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Pages 504-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77583681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2022-04-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2022.04.001
This study was set out to conduct a life cycle assessment (LCA) to explore the environmental and economic impacts of pavement design alternatives using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled plastic. 25 design alternative pavement designs were considered for a four-lane 8 km-long highway section. Design mix percentages varied between 0 and 40% of RAP with 10% increments and 0–20% of recycled plastic with 5% increments. The impact was assessed based on estimating utilized energy and water resources, climate change impact in terms of CO2 equivalent, and air pollution in terms of air acidification, human health particulate (HHP), and photochemical smog. Results show that recycled plastic is superior to RAP in reducing energy consumption and GHG emissions. Both RAP and recycled plastic reduced water consumption. Recycled plastic reduced air acidification, HHP, and smog. RAP also increased HHP substantially, mainly during materials production. It was found that the RAP replacement ratio of 10% yielded the highest value of energy consumption, harmful gases emissions, air acidification, HHP, and Smog. RAP and plastic both reduced costs substantially as recycled material reduced the use of virgin materials and bitumen. In addition, using RAP eliminates the cost of moving RAP to landfills.
{"title":"Life cycle assessment of incorporating recycled materials in pavement design","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was set out to conduct a life cycle assessment (LCA) to explore the environmental and economic impacts of pavement design alternatives using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled plastic. 25 design alternative pavement designs were considered for a four-lane 8 km-long highway section. Design mix percentages varied between 0 and 40% of RAP with 10% increments and 0–20% of recycled plastic with 5% increments. The impact was assessed based on estimating utilized energy and water resources, climate change impact in terms of CO<sub>2</sub> equivalent, and air pollution in terms of air acidification, human health particulate (HHP), and photochemical smog. Results show that recycled plastic is superior to RAP in reducing energy consumption and GHG emissions. Both RAP and recycled plastic reduced water consumption. Recycled plastic reduced air acidification, HHP, and smog. RAP also increased HHP substantially, mainly during materials production. It was found that the RAP replacement ratio of 10% yielded the highest value of energy consumption, harmful gases emissions, air acidification, HHP, and Smog. RAP and plastic both reduced costs substantially as recycled material reduced the use of virgin materials and bitumen. In addition, using RAP eliminates the cost of moving RAP to landfills.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Pages 473-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90333382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jksues.2024.10.003
Anis H. Fakeeha (Editor-in-Chief)
{"title":"Acknowledgment to Reviewers","authors":"Anis H. Fakeeha (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":"36 7","pages":"Page 533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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