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TINGKAT KETERBACAAN BUKU TEKS BAHASA INDONESIA KURIKULUM MERDEKA UNTUK KELAS X SMA/SMK 印尼语教科书的可读性水平(独立课程X班SMA/SMK
Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v5i2.4031
Yusuf Hendrawanto
The ever-changing curriculum means that teaching materials, mainly textbooks, also continue to change. This change is not offset by the quality of textbooks discourse, which still not be appropriate to the students' readability level. This is shown in various studies that have been carried out, including by Yazidi et al. (2017), Saroni et al. (2017), Ginanjar (2020), and Susanti (2021), which resulted in the finding that the readability level of textbooks still does not match the students' readability level. This study aims to describe the readability of the Merdeka Curriculum Indonesian Language Textbook for Class X SMA/SMK entitled Intelligent Smart in Indonesian Language and Literature for Class X SMA/SMK. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method-readability measurement formula using Fry Graph. The number of inner texts calculated using the Fry Graph is 23 texts. Based on the study result, 3 texts matched the legibility level of class X students, and 20 texts id not match the readability level of class X students. Twenty texts that did not match the readability level of class X students consisted of 1 text with a readability level that was too high/difficult, 17 texts with a readability level that was too low/easy, and 2 texts that did not match any readability level/invalid. Calculation of the readability level using the Fry Graph in the Indonesian Merdeka Curriculum Textbook for Class X SMA/SMK shows that the readability level of the Indonesian Merdeka Curriculum Textbook for Class X SMA/SMK entitled Smart Smart in Indonesian Language and Literature for Class X SMA/SMK is still not following the readability level of class X students.
课程的不断变化意味着教材(主要是教科书)也在不断变化。这种变化并没有被教科书话语的质量所抵消,教科书的质量仍然不适合学生的可读性水平。雅兹迪等人(2017 年)、萨罗尼等人(2017 年)、吉南贾尔(2020 年)和苏桑提(2021 年)等人开展的多项研究都表明了这一点,研究结果表明教科书的可读性水平仍然与学生的可读性水平不匹配。本研究旨在描述 Merdeka Curriculum 印尼语教科书的可读性,该教科书的标题为 "Intelligent Smart in Indonesian Language and Literature for Class X SMA/SMK"。本研究采用的方法是定性描述法--使用弗莱图的可读性测量公式。使用弗莱图计算出的内文数量为 23 篇。根据研究结果,3 篇课文符合 X 班学生的可读性水平,20 篇课文不符合 X 班学生的可读性水平。不符合 X 班学生可读性水平的 20 篇课文中,1 篇课文的可读性水平过高/过难,17 篇课文的可读性水平过低/过易,2 篇课文不符合任何可读性水平/无效。使用《印尼默迪卡课程教科书(X 级 SMA/SMK 版)》中的弗莱图计算可读性等级表明,《印尼默迪卡课程教科书(X 级 SMA/SMK 版)》中题为 "Smart Smart in Indonesian Language and Literature for Class X SMA/SMK "的可读性等级仍然不符合 X 级学生的可读性等级。
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引用次数: 0
KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA ANAK DENGAN SINDROM ASPERGER 阿斯伯格综合症儿童的语言能力
Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v5i2.4162
Lilis Handayani Napitupulu
This study analyses the case of a child 6 years old with Asperger Syndrome with a particularly high specific cognitive, linguistic, and metalinguistic profile. The method of the study is using qualitative methods. The instrument used to measure the child’s ability is the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). The test places a high value on answer justification, allowing the interviewer to capture different levels of metalinguistic awareness. Unlike those assessing sonority and sonography, the child provided poor language-linguistic responses on the sonority subtests. These different results are explained in terms of this child's specific difficulties with "open" language systems, such as semantics, despite his excellent "closed" language abilities. The discussion emphasizes the importance of assessing language skills at the aggregate level of gifted children with Asperger syndrome.
本研究分析了一名患有阿斯伯格综合症的 6 岁儿童的案例,该儿童在认知、语言和金属语言方面具有特别高的特异性。研究采用定性方法。用于测量该儿童能力的工具是韦氏儿童智力量表(WISC)。该测试非常重视答案的合理性,使面试官能够捕捉到不同水平的金属语言意识。与评估声调和声像图的测试不同,该儿童在声调子测试中提供的语言-语用回答很差。尽管该儿童的 "封闭式 "语言能力非常出色,但他在语义学等 "开放式 "语言系统方面却存在特殊困难,这就解释了这些不同的结果。讨论强调了对阿斯伯格综合症资优儿童的语言能力进行综合评估的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
PENERAPAN KEARIFAN LOKAL SYAIR MANOE PUCOK MELALUI PROJEK PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA (P5) 通过加强班卡希拉(Pancasila)学生形象项目(P5),应用当地智慧 syair manoe pucok
Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v5i2.3819
Seriana, F. Wahyuningsih, Putri Khairani, Friska Ria Sitorus
This study aims to determine teachers' pedagogical competence in increasing students' motivation to learn Bahasa Indonesia. To find this out, the approach used in this research is qualitative, a description method with observational research instruments or observations and interviews with students and teachers. The research participants were Bahasa Indonesia teachers and several SMA Negeri 3 Medan students. The study found that some teachers understand the characteristics of students because there are still teachers who generalize learning and need to understand student learning styles. The teachers in SMA Negeri 3 Medan have been able to design lesson plans (RPP) with innovative learning models. Not all teachers carry out learning according to the lesson plan (RPP) previously designed. In addition, some educators have yet to be able to assess or evaluate learning authentically. All teachers play a role in developing students so that they can actualize the potential of students.
本研究旨在确定教师在提高学生学习印尼语积极性方面的教学能力。为了解这一情况,本研究采用了定性描述法,即使用观察研究工具或对学生和教师进行观察和访谈。研究参与者为印尼语教师和棉兰第三中学的几名学生。研究发现,一些教师了解学生的特点,因为仍有教师将学习一般化,需要了解学生的学习风格。棉兰第三中学的教师能够以创新的学习模式设计教案(RPP)。但并非所有教师都能按照先前设计的教案(RPP)进行学习。此外,一些教育工作者还没有能力对学习进行真实的评估或评价。所有教师都要在培养学生方面发挥作用,这样才能发挥学生的潜能。
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引用次数: 0
UPAYA MENULIS SURAT LAMARAN KERJA BAHASA INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL THINK PAIRE SHARE 尝试使用 Think Paire 分享模式撰写印度尼西亚求职信
Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v5i2.3518
Kelara, Susy Deliani, L. Lubis
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Data collection was done using observation, essay tests, and documentation methods. This study analyzes student errors based on test results on students' ability to write job application letters. Errors in writing job application letters often occur in the writing stages, such as content, word choice, sentences, paragraphs, and spelling on job application letters. Researchers used the think pair share model. This type of learning model is very suitable for students and helps researchers carry out learning activities in writing application letters. The subjects of this study were students of class XII TBSM and XII TKJ, totaling 60 people. In this study, students were given an essay test in writing a job application letter in the form of a description, then analyzed for errors based on the Indonesian correspondence guide with different types of errors for each category of errors. Obtained from the conclusion, the problem that arises from the background of the problem is in what way the efforts of class XII students of SMK PAB 1 Helvetia in writing essential parts using spelling on job application letters. The results of the data analysis show the control class with an average score of 66 and the experimental results with an average score of 81. Students using the think pair share model are more active in learning, asking questions, and answering questions posed by researchers using the think pair share model.
本研究属于描述性定性研究。数据收集采用观察法、论文测试法和文献法。本研究根据学生撰写求职信能力的测试结果分析学生的错误。求职信写作中的错误往往发生在写作阶段,如求职信的内容、选词、句子、段落和拼写。研究人员采用了 "思考-结对-分享 "模式。这种学习模式非常适合学生,有助于研究人员开展求职信写作学习活动。本研究的对象是十二年级 TBSM 班和十二年级 TKJ 班的学生,共 60 人。在本研究中,对学生进行了以描述形式撰写求职信的作文测试,然后根据印尼语函电指南对每类错误的不同错误类型进行错误分析。从结论中得出的问题背景是,SMK PAB 1 Helvetia 的十二年级学生在求职信中使用拼写法书写重要部分的努力程度如何。数据分析结果显示,对照班平均得分 66 分,实验班平均得分 81 分。使用配对共享思维模式的学生在学习、提问和回答研究人员提出的问题时更加积极主动。
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引用次数: 0
HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN MENGGUNAKAN KATA PENGHUBUNG DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MENYUSUN KALIMAT MENJADI PARAGRAF DEDUKTIF 运用连词和造句的能力之间的关系
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v3i2.1842
Junianto Simaremare
Abstrak-Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan antara kemampuan menggunakan kata penghubung dengan kemampuan menyusun kalimat menjadi paragraf deduktif oleh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Muara. Populasi Penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri  1 Muara yang berjumlah 200 orang. Sampel penelitian diambil 15% dari jumlah populasi yaitu 30 orang dengan teknik random sampling. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif korelasional. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes pilihan berganda. Pengujian Hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan rumus korelasi Product Moment ( ). Setelah  diketahui, selanjutnya dikonsultasikan dengan  pada taraf signifikan 5% dan 1 % dengan N=30 yaitu (0,361 dan 0,463). Karena yang diperoleh dari  yaitu 0,531 > 0,361 dan 0,531 > 0,463, maka hipotesis alternative (Ha) diterima. Hal ini berarti terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kemampuan menggunakan kata penghubung dengan kemampuan kemampuan menyusun kalimat menjadi paragraf deduktif oleh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Muara.Kata kunci: kata penghubung, kalimat, paragraf deduktif
本研究的目的是找出高中一年级学生使用连字和造句之间的关系。这项研究的总人口是一所公立高中一年级的学生,共有200个河口。研究样本从30个随机抽样技术的人口中提取了15%。本研究采用的方法是相关的描述性方法。所使用的数据收集工具是一个多项选择测试。假设测试是使用生产力矩相关公式进行的。一旦知道,就会以显著的5%和1 %与N=30(0,361和0,463)进行协商。由于从0.531 > 0.361和0.531 > 0.463中获得,替代假设(Ha)被接受。这意味着,SMA Negeri 1河口二年级学生使用连字符和能够把句子分成演绎段落之间存在显著的积极联系。关键词:连词、句子、演绎段落
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引用次数: 0
MODAL SIMBOLIK KEKUASAAN DALAM NASKAH DRAMA BUNGA RUMAH MAKAN KARYA UTUY TATANG SONTANI (KAJIAN PIERRE BOURDIUE) 德鲁·塔唐·桑塔尼(伊·皮埃尔·布尔迪)在美食剧场中的权力象征资本
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v3i2.1935
Haerussaleh -, Fievi Indah Ningrum, Kintan Amellia Agustin, Windi Agustia Dwi
Abstrak-Modal simbolik kekuasaan yang ditemukan dalam naskah drama tersebut adalah (1) modal simbolik dalam ranah pekerjaan dengan simbol jabatan dan prestise atau citra. Modal simbolik dalam bentuk jabatan lebih sering digunakan oleh tokoh Sudarma sebagai pemilik rumah makan yang tentunya memiliki wewenang dan hak untuk memerintah. Sedangkan, modal simbolik dalam bentuk prestise atau citra juga digunakan oleh tokoh Sudarma untuk melanggengkan kekuasaannya. Prestise atau citra dalam hal ini berupa sesuatu yang dapat menghasilkan keuntungan atau ekonomi; (2) modal simbolik dalam ranah masyarakat yang ditemukan hanya status sosial, status sosial dalam masyarakat juga merupakan modal simbolik. Dalam naskah drama Bunga Rumah Makan status sosial digunakan oleh tokoh Sudarma, Karnaen, dan Usman untuk melanggengkan kekuasaannya.Kata kunci: modal, simbolik, drama
在戏剧中发现的权力象征资本是(1)工作领域的象征资本,其象征地位或形象。以头衔形式存在的象征性资本更常被Sudarma角色用作具有统治权力和权利的餐厅主人。然而,威望或形象形式的象征性资本也被苏达玛人用来延续他的权力。在这种情况下,声望或形象可以带来好处或经济;(2)只找到社会地位的社会地位的社会地位也是一个象征性的资本。在《花宴》戏剧中,社会地位的地位被Sudarma、Karnaen和Usman用来延续他的权力。关键词:资本,符号,戏剧
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引用次数: 0
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA WAYANG KERTAS ANIMASI HEWAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS FABEL SISWA KELAS VII MTS HUSNUL KHOTIMAH KAMPEK 动物动画媒体对七年级学生的写法能力的影响
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v3i2.1943
Zenita Aisyah Hidayanti, Hetty Purnamasari, Ni Nyoman Sarmi
Abstrak-Media wayang kertas hewan sendiri adalah media hasil dari modifikasi wayang kulit yang bahannya diganti dengan kertas karena disesuaikan dengan bentuk hewan fabel yang nantinya akan mudah dibentuknya. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui pengaruh media wayang kertas hewan terhadap kemampuan menulis teks fabel. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan kuantitatif, menggunakan desain penelitian true experimental design dengan metode pretest posttest control group design. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes dan observasi. Pengujian uji prasyarat yakni uji normalitas dan homogenitas dengan resiko kesalahan 5%. Hasil uji-t menggunakan sampel berkolerasi maka diperoleh hasil uji-t posttest kelas kontrol dan eksperimen adalah t hitung = 20,92 nilai t tabel = 2,06. Menurut kriteria pengujian t jika t hitung > tabel, maka Ho ditolak, sehingga terdapat perbedaan kemampuan akhir antara peserta didik kelas kontrol dengan peserta didik kelas eksperimen. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media wayang kertas hewan berpengaruh pada kemampuan menulis teks dabel siswa kelas VII MTs Husnul Khotimah Kampek Burneh.Kata kunci: wayang kertas hewan, menulis, teks fabel
动物皮影戏本身是一种由皮影戏制成的媒介,这种木偶由皮影戏的材料制成,这种材料被纸所取代,以适应最容易塑造的动物形象。目的是确定动物媒体媒体对智能文本写作能力的影响。定量使用的研究类型,使用真正的研究设计与前期控制组设计方法。采用测试和观察方法收集数据的技术。先决条件测试,正常和同质测试,出错风险为5%。uji-t使用样本匹配后获得的测试控制后测试和实验是t计数= 2092 t表值= 2.06。根据t计算>表的测试标准,Ho被拒绝,因此控制类学习者和实验类学习者之间存在最终能力差异。因此,动物媒体媒体可能会影响七年级学生dabel的写作能力。关键词:动物纸、文字、寓言
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引用次数: 1
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA LAGU LAGU FIERSA BESARI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI PADA SISWA KELAS X DI SMAN 19 BEKASI 《斯曼19号贝卡西》对X班学生诗歌写作能力的影响
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v3i2.1845
L. -
Abstrak-Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kendala saat siswa menulis puisi, buku-buku kumpulan puisi terbatas, dan penggunaan media pembelajaran kurang kreatif.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media lagu Fiersa Besari terhadap kemampuan menulis puisi pada siswa kelas X di SMAN 19 Bekasi.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimentaldengan desain nonequivalent control group.Penelitian ini mengambil sampel sebanyak 37 siswa pada kelas X Mia 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 37 siswa pada kelas Mia 6 sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengolahan data dan analisis data menggunakan program SPSS 20.0 forwindows. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa rata-rata kemampuan menulis puisi kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Rata-rata nilai pretest kelas kontrol sebesar 60,95, sedangkan rata-rata nilai pretest kelas eksperimen sebesar 69,59. Selanjutnya, rata-rata nilai posttest kelas kontrol sebesar 73,65, sedangkan rata-rata nilai posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 80,14. Dengan demikian, media lagu Fiersa Besari berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan menulis puisi.Hal ini terbukti dengan hasil uji perbedaan dua rata-rata pada hasil posttest sebesar 0,001, maka Hoditolak dan Ha diterima.Kata kunci: kemampuan menulis, puisi, media, laguKeywoards: writing skills, poetry, media, song
这些研究为学生写诗、诗集诗集、缺乏创造性使用学习媒介等障碍提供了背景。本研究旨在探讨将Fiersa Besari媒体应用于斯曼19班的X班学生对诗歌写作能力的影响。本研究采用的方法是试验与非equivalent控制组设计协调。本研究将多达37名学生作为实验课取下X米1班的样本,将37名学生作为控制班取下。使用SPSS 20.0 forwindows程序进行数据处理技术和数据分析。研究发现,实验类诗歌写作的平均水平高于控制类。控制年级前成绩为60.95分,实验前成绩为69.59分。其次,控制后年级平均成绩为73.65分,而试验班平均成绩为80.14分。因此,邪恶之歌的媒介影响了诗歌写作的能力。测试结果证明,转发分数平均为0.001,hodened和Ha被接受。关键词:写作能力,诗歌,媒体,拉其声:写作技巧,诗歌,媒介,歌曲
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引用次数: 0
ANALISIS STRATEGI SELF-REGULATED LEARNING MAHASISWA ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS 自我调节学习战略分析印尼珍珠学院教育专业学生学习英语的学生
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v3i2.2011
F. Sebayang, Arman Bemby Sinaga
Abstrak-Kemajuan teknologi informasi ditambah dengan situasi pandemi saat ini memberikan kesempatan yang seluas-luasnya bagi mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan pembelajaran mandiri (self-regulated learning) yang aktif di luar kampus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa strategi self-regulated learning (SRL) mahasiswa ilmu pendidikan Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan di Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia yang berjumlah 314. Dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling, sebanyak 211 responden dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diadministrasikan dengan menggunakan Google Form. Kuesioner yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas 28 item yang bertujuan untuk mengukur strategi SRL yang terdiri atas beberapa variabel yaitu berbagi informasi (sharing information), kehadiran aktif (active presence), penggunaan dangkal dengan pemrosesan informasi terbatas (superficial use with limited information processing), perluasan dan pendalaman informasi (expansion and in-depth information), pengelolaan diri sendiri (personal management), evaluasi diri sendiri (self-evaluation), dan pembelajaran kolaboratif (collaborative learning). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa gambaran umum strategi SRL yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa responden pada penelitian ini masih cenderung rendah. Teknologi digital dalam memfasilitasi SRL masih cenderung digunakan untuk memperluas dan menperdalam informasi. Sementara strategi berbagi informasi (sharing information) masih cenderung rendah.  Kata kunci: self-regulated learning, pembelajaran aktif, English as Foreign Language
信息技术的进步加上目前的流行病,为学生在校外积极发展自我调节学习提供了广泛的机会。本研究旨在分析印尼珍珠学院教育学生在英语学习中的自我调节学习策略(SRL)。本研究采用的研究方法是定量描述性的。这项研究的人口是印尼珍珠纱丽大学教育学院的314名学生。通过随机抽样技术,211名受访者在这项研究中进行了样本。数据收集是用谷歌表格管理的问卷进行的。这项研究中使用的问卷共有28项战略旨在测量SRL组成的变量信息共享(分享资讯网)、活跃的存在(有源先声)浅加工信息有限的情况下使用(肤浅和有限的信息加工用)、扩大和加深信息(稍等与深入资讯网)、个人自我管理(管理)自我评价和协作学习。分析结果表明,学生在本研究中使用的一般战略概述仍有较低的趋势。促进SRL的数字技术仍然倾向于用于信息的扩展和内化。虽然信息共享策略仍然很低。关键词:自我调节学习,主动学习,英语作为外语
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引用次数: 0
NATURALISM IN THE SHORT STORY OF WILLIAM FAULKNER’S “A ROSE FOR EMILY’ 威廉·福克纳短篇小说《献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰》中的自然主义
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.34012/bip.v3i2.1966
Rita Napitupulu
Abstract A Rose For Emily is a short story by Mississippi born William Faulkner, first published in 1930. This story does not tell only about a lonely woman but also tells about a person who is forced to lead an isolated life; it is about her mental state due to her abused childhood that made her isolate herself. She lived in isolated. The vicitudes of Miss Emily’s life remain a mystery until the very end of the story. Although the actions are not visible to the reader, but the narrator evidently describes herphysical appearance and the environtment she lives in. The detailed characterization resembles Naturalist literary characterization – an accurate description of the protagonist’s deplorable physical condition and a pessimist and negative vision of the character.Furthermore the realistic description of Miss Emily’s house highlights the decaying image of the setting, that reflects the protagonist’s own state of mind. The surprising end of the story is also a common characteristic in Naturalist narration. There is a considerable amount of social impact and paternal influence reflected in Emily’s isolated and neurotic state of mind and this similarity proves the Naturalist point view of life- human s are conditioned by gebelogical, family and social condition. Naturalism in the Short Story of  William Faulkner ‘s  A Rose for Emily, is as the title of  her research and the  objective of this research is to find out the elements of Naturalism in the short story of William Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily and why those elements are found in the short story. The methodology used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. The findings of the research are 2 (two)  elements of Naturalism, they are Determinism and Setting. Those elements are found in the short story are William Faulkner wants to tell that Emily’s  father is as the cause that makes her not married until die. Her father is the one man who keeps her single by chasing away all her suitors as it can be seen through the analysis in part 4.1.1 and part 4.1.2. Besides that, the present generations that cannot accept her, coz of the past law that concerns with the tax pay which makes her free from the payment in past law. The status of the persons that come from the different locations, such as Emily from the South and Homer from the North. Between the aristocratic person and the laborer that become an obstacle in their relationship. Key words : Naturalism, Elements of Naturalism, Environtment, Sociology of Literature, Short Story
《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》是美国密西西比州作家威廉·福克纳的短篇小说,于1930年首次出版。这个故事不仅讲述了一个孤独的女人,也讲述了一个被迫过着孤独生活的人;这是关于她的精神状态,因为她的童年受到虐待,使她孤立自己。她过着与世隔绝的生活。直到故事的最后,爱米丽小姐的生活始终是个谜。虽然读者看不到这些动作,但叙述者明显地描述了她的外表和她所处的环境。详细的人物刻画类似于自然主义文学的人物刻画——准确地描述了主人公可悲的身体状况和对人物的悲观和消极的看法。此外,对爱米丽小姐的房子的写实描写突出了背景的腐朽形象,反映了主人公自己的心理状态。出人意料的结局也是自然主义叙事的共同特点。艾米丽的孤立和神经质的心理状态反映了相当多的社会影响和父亲的影响,这种相似性证明了自然主义者的人生观——人是由地理、家庭和社会条件决定的。威廉·福克纳短篇小说《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中的自然主义,作为她研究的题目,本研究的目的是找出威廉·福克纳短篇小说《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中的自然主义元素以及为什么这些元素会在短篇小说中出现。本研究使用的方法是描述性定性方法。本研究的结果是自然主义的两个要素,即决定论和设定。这些元素在短篇小说中都能找到威廉·福克纳想要告诉艾米丽的父亲是她直到死才结婚的原因。从4.1.1部分和4.1.2部分的分析可以看出,她的父亲是唯一一个赶走所有追求者,让她保持单身的男人。此外,当代人不能接受她,因为过去的法律与纳税有关,这使她免于支付过去的法律。来自不同地区的人的地位,比如来自南方的艾米丽和来自北方的荷马。贵族和劳动者之间的关系成为了他们关系中的障碍。关键词:自然主义,自然主义要素,环境,文学社会学,短篇小说
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