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Establishing and Structuring Criteria for Measuring Knowledge Management Efforts 建立和构建衡量知识管理成果的标准
V. Anantatmula, S. Kanungo
Establishing criteria for knowledge management is an imperative aspect of management as it helps determine results. Our research indicated that widely-accepted criteria and performance measures have not been developed for knowledge management. Our survey-based research, which used a questionnaire targeting knowledge management professionals as respondents, was aimed at establishing criteria for assessing knowledge management success. Using these criteria, a computer-assisted model is used to understand the shared underlying organizational framework in which KM operates and to identify how these criteria were linked. These relations should be explored and utilized to improve organizational performance. Future research should focus on translating the soft measures of knowledge management into detailed metrics.
建立知识管理的标准是管理的一个必要方面,因为它有助于确定结果。我们的研究表明,广泛接受的标准和绩效措施尚未制定知识管理。我们以调查为基础的研究,使用了一份以知识管理专业人士为对象的问卷,旨在建立评估知识管理成功的标准。使用这些标准,计算机辅助模型被用来理解知识管理运作的共享的底层组织框架,并确定这些标准是如何联系在一起的。应该探索和利用这些关系来提高组织绩效。未来的研究应侧重于将知识管理的软度量转化为详细的度量。
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引用次数: 37
Evaluating the Quality of Health Web Sites: Developing a Validation Method and Rating Instrument 健康网站品质评估:开发验证方法与评等工具
D. Bomba
Within the field of consumer health informatics there is a need to develop transparent validation methods and rating instruments both of sufficient complexity and reliability to help designers, evaluators and patients to evaluate the quality of health web sites and health information on the Web. Further refinement and validation of the Bomba and Land Consumer Health Website Rating Index (v.1) was conducted. This paper reports on the validation approach utilised (a combination of the Delphi Technique and Sullivan's 5 step process) to produce version 2 of the Bomba and Land Index.
在消费者健康信息学领域,有必要开发足够复杂和可靠的透明验证方法和评级工具,以帮助设计者、评估者和患者评估健康网站和网上健康信息的质量。对Bomba和Land消费者健康网站评级指数(v.1)进行了进一步的细化和验证。本文报告了使用的验证方法(德尔菲技术和沙利文的5步过程的结合)来产生第二版炸弹和土地指数。
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引用次数: 23
Neural Network with Forgetting: An ANN Algorithm for Customer 带遗忘的神经网络:一种面向客户的人工神经网络算法
Q. Ye, Tao Lu, Yijun Li, Wenjun Sun
As a useful analytical tool, artificial neural networks (ANN) are widely applied in analyzing the information stored in enterprise database or data warehouse. Certain structured ANN can also be used for customer segmentation. In the process of establishing the training data sets, there is the problem of selecting customer data from potentially wide-varying time periods, as is in a typical enterprise data warehouse. To solve this problem, we introduced a forgetting coefficient into the BP ANN; we also established a new ANN, ANN with forgetting, to improve the customer segmentation process.
人工神经网络作为一种有用的分析工具,在分析企业数据库或数据仓库中的信息方面得到了广泛的应用。某些结构化的人工神经网络也可以用于客户细分。在建立训练数据集的过程中,存在从可能变化很大的时间段中选择客户数据的问题,就像在典型的企业数据仓库中一样。为了解决这个问题,我们在BP神经网络中引入了遗忘系数;我们还建立了一种新的人工神经网络,即带遗忘的人工神经网络,以改进客户细分过程。
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引用次数: 2
Competitive Strategy, Economics and Information Systems: Introduction to the Mini-Track 竞争战略、经济学和信息系统:迷你轨道导论
E. Clemons, R. M. Dewan, R. Kauffman
This full-day mini-track has four sessions covering current research themes on competitive strategy and economic analysis, coupled with leading managerial issues in IS and e-commerce. The first session is on the Economics of Network Pricing Mechanisms and Electronic Markets. Karl Lang and Roumen Vagrov of the City University of New York discuss “A Pricing Mechanism for Digital Content Distribution over Peer-toPer Networks.” They model a usage-based pricing scheme for distributing digital content via P2P networks that rewards users who actively participate in the distribution process. Hemant Bhargava of the University of California at Davis and Daewon Sun of Notre Dame University contributed “Quality-Contingent Pricing for Broadband Services.” To resolve consumption uncertainties, they propose the use of contracts involving proportional rebates and threshold quality-contingent pricing. Anindya Ghose of New York University, and Rahul Telang and Ramayya Krishnan of Carnegie Mellon University examine the “Welfare Implications of Electronic Secondary Markets.” They elaborate on new modeling findings that suggest that the presence of used goods in the market should not be a deterrent for valuemaximizing sellers to participate.
这个全天的迷你课程有四个环节,涵盖当前竞争战略和经济分析的研究主题,以及信息系统和电子商务的主要管理问题。第一节课是关于网络定价机制和电子市场的经济学。纽约城市大学的Karl Lang和Roumen Vagrov讨论了“对等网络上数字内容分发的定价机制”。他们模拟了一个基于使用情况的定价方案,通过P2P网络分发数字内容,奖励那些积极参与分发过程的用户。加州大学戴维斯分校的Hemant Bhargava和圣母大学的Daewon Sun撰写了《宽带服务的质量定价》一文。为了解决消费的不确定性,他们建议使用涉及比例回扣和门槛质量条件定价的合同。纽约大学的Anindya Ghose和卡内基梅隆大学的Rahul Telang和Ramayya Krishnan研究了“电子二级市场的福利含义”。他们详细阐述了新的模型发现,表明二手商品在市场上的存在不应该成为价值最大化卖家参与的阻碍。
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引用次数: 3
Where to Invest in Information Systems: A CRM Case Study 在哪里投资信息系统:CRM案例研究
G. Cook, Thomas J. Housel
This paper proposes a framework for examining the use of the knowledge value-added (KVA) methodology to measure the value added by information systems (IS) to business processes. This approach provided a practical way to examine how estimates of the return on knowledge (ROK) of the use of IS supported the core processes before and after deployment within a large telecommunications company (SBC Telecom). This approach offers a means for estimating the return on investments in IS. The paper begins by reviewing the context of IS investment decision making at SBC Telecom. The method for deriving estimates using KVA is reviewed in the SBC Telecom case. The problems in using this new methodology in the high pressure, time critical context of the case are reviewed along with the ways the research team overcame the initial reluctance to use KVA.
本文提出了一个框架,用于检查使用知识增值(KVA)方法来衡量信息系统(IS)对业务流程的附加价值。该方法提供了一种实用的方法来检查在大型电信公司(SBC电信)部署之前和之后使用IS的知识回报(ROK)的估计如何支持核心流程。这种方法提供了一种估计信息系统投资回报的方法。本文首先回顾了SBC电信信息系统投资决策的背景。在SBC电信的案例中,回顾了使用KVA进行估算的方法。本文回顾了在高压、时间紧迫的情况下使用这种新方法的问题,以及研究团队克服最初不愿使用KVA的方法。
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引用次数: 3
Agent Technology, Intelligent Systems and Soft Computing in Management Support 管理支持中的代理技术、智能系统和软计算
C. Carlsson, P. Walden
The Agent Technology, Intelligent Systems and Soft Computing in Management Support mini-track is part of the movement towards developing effective intelligent systems for problem solving and decision making, and towards building and implementing systems that can deal with complex and ill-structured situations, i.e. contexts for which discovery and learning can positively impact the outcome of the problem solving process. The next generation of modeling tools and support systems will include (but is not limited to) the use of intelligent technologies (machine intelligence, neural nets, genetic algorithms), soft computing (fuzzy logic, approximate reasoning, probabilistic modeling) and advanced mathematical modeling. The use of soft computing methods is gaining in both acceptability and importance as the importance of the conflict between rigueur and relevance is becoming more apparent in a dynamic and quickly changing world. The use of advanced methods gives us more rigorous problem solving and more precise results, which become harder and harder to implement, i.e. they lose in relevance. Soft computing offers a way to keep a rigorous theoretical framework and at the same time to allow for an imprecision, which keeps the results relevant. There is an increasing demand for smart systems for interactive planning, problem solving and decision making, by individuals or by groups of users. The future systems will be more robust, more adaptive and easier to use than standard analytical tools. The optimization models (most of the time multiple criteria models) will be more easily incorporated in support systems. The expected end result will give the users knowledgebased support, which is adapted to the problems they need to solve and the decision making expected of them and, furthermore, to the internal logic of the context in which they will have to carry out their activities. There is a growing interest in soft computing tools, which are used to handle imprecision and uncertainty, and to build flexibility and context adaptability into intelligent systems. The application of soft computing to decision problems is focused on a decision context, where fast and correct decision making is becoming instrumental. There is no great consensus on what exactly will form the “new decision context”, but some of the key elements will most probably be, (i) virtual teamwork in different places and in different time zones, (ii) decision support systems on mobile devices, with (iii) access to and the use of multilayer networks (internet(s), intranets), through which (iv) access to and the use of a multitude of data sources (databases, data warehouses, text files, multimedia sources, etc.), and with support from (v) intelligent technologies for filtering, sifting and summarizing (software agents, evolutionary computing, neural nets, etc.), (vi) multiple criteria (crisp, soft) algorithms for problem solving and (vii) semantic web technology to form associative data source
管理支持中的代理技术,智能系统和软计算迷你轨道是开发有效的智能系统以解决问题和决策,以及构建和实施能够处理复杂和结构不良情况的系统的运动的一部分,即发现和学习可以积极影响问题解决过程结果的环境。下一代建模工具和支持系统将包括(但不限于)智能技术(机器智能、神经网络、遗传算法)、软计算(模糊逻辑、近似推理、概率建模)和高级数学建模的使用。软计算方法的使用在可接受性和重要性方面都在增加,因为在一个动态和快速变化的世界中,规矩和相关性之间冲突的重要性变得越来越明显。使用先进的方法给我们更严格的问题解决和更精确的结果,这变得越来越难以实现,即它们失去了相关性。软计算提供了一种方法来保持严格的理论框架,同时允许不精确,从而保持结果的相关性。个人或用户群体对交互式规划、解决问题和决策的智能系统的需求日益增加。未来的系统将比标准的分析工具更健壮、适应性更强、更容易使用。优化模型(大多数情况下是多准则模型)将更容易纳入支持系统。预期的最终结果将为用户提供基于知识的支持,这种支持适应于他们需要解决的问题和期望他们做出的决策,而且还适应于他们必须在其中开展活动的上下文的内部逻辑。人们对软计算工具的兴趣越来越大,这些工具用于处理不精确和不确定性,并在智能系统中构建灵活性和上下文适应性。软计算在决策问题中的应用主要集中在决策环境中,快速和正确的决策正在成为工具。关于究竟什么将形成“新的决策环境”,目前还没有达成很大的共识,但一些关键因素最有可能是,(i)不同地点和不同时区的虚拟团队合作,(ii)移动设备上的决策支持系统,(iii)访问和使用多层网络(互联网、内部网),通过这些网络(iv)访问和使用大量数据源(数据库、数据仓库、文本文件、多媒体源等),在(v)过滤、筛选和汇总的智能技术(软件代理、进化计算、神经网络等)的支持下,(vi)解决问题的多标准(清晰、软)算法和(vii)形成关联数据源的语义网技术。在“管理支持中的代理技术、智能系统和软计算”的迷你轨道中,我们旨在探讨引入新技术来处理决策问题所带来的问题。迷你赛道接受的论文有:
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引用次数: 0
Looking for Indicators of Media Richness Theory in Distance Education 寻找远程教育中媒介丰富性理论的指标
W. B. Martz, V. Reddy
Distance learning is becoming a popular option for education. Course management platforms (CMP) are used to deliver distance learning courses. These include an abundance of channels by which to communicate and run a distance class. As such, CMP provide an excellent environment to test the implications of Media Richness Theory. Based upon a review of "interaction" theories, conjectures are formulated outlining anticipated differences based upon the richness used in the CMP. These conjectures are tested with a set of data from an established distance education program. The results show significant differences, in the direction predicted by Media Richness Theory, for satisfaction, communication and interaction, and perceived technology effectiveness.
远程教育正在成为一种受欢迎的教育选择。课程管理平台(CMP)用于提供远程学习课程。其中包括用于通信和运行远程类的大量通道。因此,CMP为检验媒介丰富性理论的含义提供了一个极好的环境。在回顾“相互作用”理论的基础上,提出了基于CMP中使用的丰富性的推测,概述了预期的差异。这些猜想是用一组来自已建立的远程教育项目的数据来检验的。结果显示,满意度、沟通互动和感知技术有效性在媒介丰富度理论预测的方向上存在显著差异。
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引用次数: 8
Service Composition on Top of Exchangable Protocols 基于可交换协议的服务组合
S. Böttcher, Christian Dannewitz
Whenever message-oriented middleware is used within applications which run on heterogeneous software systems of multiple partners, and middleware protocols have to be replaced or to fulfil changing tasks, it may be considerably advantageous to have a modular system which supports the exchange of protocols and a dynamic adaptation to changing requirements. Our approach to middleware allows system developers to generate a modular stack of message-oriented middleware from a set of service specifications. We present a technique how service specifications can be translated into executable middleware code that includes a message queue, a stack of protocols chosen by the middleware developer, and a set of modules that implement the desired tasks.
每当在运行在多个合作伙伴的异构软件系统上的应用程序中使用面向消息的中间件,并且中间件协议必须被替换或完成不断变化的任务时,拥有一个支持协议交换和动态适应不断变化的需求的模块化系统可能是相当有利的。我们的中间件方法允许系统开发人员从一组服务规范生成面向消息的中间件的模块化堆栈。我们介绍了一种技术,如何将服务规范转换为可执行的中间件代码,其中包括消息队列、中间件开发人员选择的一组协议,以及实现所需任务的一组模块。
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引用次数: 1
The Effect of Sample Size on the Extended Self-Organizing Map Network for Market Segmentation 样本大小对市场细分扩展自组织地图网络的影响
M. Kiang, Michael Y. Hu, D. Fisher, R. Chi
Kohonen's Self-Organizing Map (SOM) network maps input data to a lower dimensional output map. The extended SOM network further groups the nodes on the output map into a user specified number of clusters. Kiang, Hu and Fisher used the extended SOM network for market segmentation and showed that the extended SOM provides better results than the statistical approach that reduces the dimensionality of the problem via factor analysis and then forms segments with cluster analysis. In this study we examine the effect of sample size on the extended SOM compared to that on the factor/cluster approach. Comparisons will be made using the correct classification rates between the two approaches at various sample sizes. Unlike statistical models, neural networks are not dependent on statistical assumptions. Thus we expect the results for neural network models to be stable across sample sizes but may be sensitive to initial weights and model specifications.
Kohonen的自组织映射(SOM)网络将输入数据映射到一个低维的输出映射。扩展的SOM网络进一步将输出映射上的节点分组为用户指定数量的集群。jiang, Hu和Fisher使用扩展的SOM网络进行市场细分,并表明扩展的SOM比统计方法提供了更好的结果,后者通过因子分析降低问题的维数,然后通过聚类分析形成细分。在本研究中,我们考察了与因子/聚类方法相比,样本量对扩展SOM的影响。比较将使用正确的分类率之间的两种方法在不同的样本量。与统计模型不同,神经网络不依赖于统计假设。因此,我们期望神经网络模型的结果在样本大小上是稳定的,但可能对初始权重和模型规格敏感。
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引用次数: 8
Reliability, Electric Power, and Public Versus Private Goods: A New Look at the Role of Markets 可靠性、电力、公共产品与私有产品:市场角色的新视角
D. Toomey, W. Schulze, R. Schuler, R. Thomas, J. Thorp
The economic theory that has been used to support restructuring of the electric power industry has ignored several important technological constraints and public goods that affect the way in which power is delivered. Some of these public goods include voltage, frequency, and reliability of lines. Similarly, engineers, by using security-constrained optimization to incorporate the demand for reliability, have failed to properly define the economic problem. This research attempts to remedy this deficiency through a collaborative effort between economists and engineers to examine the theoretical and empirical properties of a networked power system that provides economically optimal reliability and draw conclusions regarding efficient market design.
用于支持电力行业重组的经济理论忽略了几个重要的技术限制和影响电力输送方式的公共产品。这些公共产品包括电压、频率和线路的可靠性。同样,工程师们通过使用安全约束优化来结合对可靠性的需求,未能正确地定义经济问题。本研究试图通过经济学家和工程师之间的合作来弥补这一缺陷,以检验提供经济上最优可靠性的联网电力系统的理论和经验特性,并得出有关有效市场设计的结论。
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引用次数: 15
期刊
Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
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