Revista gaucha de enfermagem / EENFUFRGS最新文献

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and associated factors with chronic diseases among women of reproductive age in primary health care.

Method: Cross-sectional study conducted with 397 women of reproductive age living in northern Paraná, Brazil. Data were collected from July 2019 to September 2020. The Women's Clinical Record was used to collect sociodemographic data, risk behaviors, diagnosis of chronic diseases and medication use. Chi-Square test was performed for association analysis, and Logistic Regression estimating Odds Ratio and 95% confidence intervals.

Results: The prevalence of chronic diseases among women of reproductive age was 38.53% and the associated factors were: age group from 31 to 40 years old (OR=3.67; p=0.001) and from 41 to 49 years (OR =9.7; p=0.001), incomplete high school education (OR= 2.7; p=0.001), obesity (OR= 2.25; p=0.001) and smoking (OR=2.23; p=0.001).

Conclusion: Age at the end of the reproductive phase, obesity and smoking were associated with the presence of chronic diseases. Knowledge of these factors can assist in screening, monitoring and health education actions provided to women of childbearing age.

Objective: To learn about the structure of nursing students' social representations about obstetric violence.

Method: Qualitative study conducted with 117 nursing students from a state university in Brazil, between July and October 2022. Data were collected in person using the free Word evocation technique and processed using the Evoc software to create a four-box chart, through prototypical analysis.

Results: The representational structure was organized on the central elements of disrespect, suffering and violation, which attribute to the representation negative meanings related to the group's position on the grievance and its repercussions. The similarity analysis showed that the elements with the greatest connection were disrespect and suffering.

Final considerations: Social representations of nursing students were organized around an attitudinal dimension through the terms disrespect and violation, and the affective dimension defined by suffering. It is noteworthy that, for students, obstetric violence is centered on disrespectful professional practices that cause suffering to women.

Objective: to analyze the repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic on the work of Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and other Drugs.

Method: qualitative, descriptive - exploratory study, with 60 health workers from Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and other Drugs in Porto Alegre/ Rio Grande do Sul, from January to December 2021. Collection was carried out using a questionnaire sent by email or in person and the analysis of the content of the responses was of the thematic type of the open question.

Results: an increase in demand from users and crises, social determinants of the pandemic, changes in work, contingency plans, moral distress and expressions of feelings by healthcare workers were observed.

Final considerations: the repercussions of the pandemic on work and workers' mental health reflect the need for monitoring and care for workers in the post-pandemic period. It is also suggested to incorporate online activities to support the psychosocial care model.

Objective: To apprehend the family's perception of the care provided by home care services to children and adolescents with special health needs.

Method: Qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study, carried out with 15 family members of children and adolescents with special health needs served by Home Care Services in seven municipalities in Paraíba, in 2021, selected from nine municipalities identified by previous studies. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews carried out remotely through telephone calls. The empirical material was subjected to Inductive Thematic Analysis and interpreted in light of the concept of health vulnerability.

Results: The Home Care Services facilitate minimize the health vulnerabilities of these children and adolescents and their families as they facilitate access to the actions and services of the Health Care Network, provide humanized care focused on promoting health and strengthening bonds, as well as how, they facilitate family decision-making at home regarding users' health needs.

Final considerations: The actions of these services permeate family daily life, enabling the expansion of care practices for family members/caregivers considering their limitations and improving the coordination of Health Care Networks to guarantee comprehensive care.

Objective: To verify the effect of the educational intervention TIV-Disinfect (Intravenous Therapy-Disinfect) on the knowledge of nursing professionals in pediatric inpatient units.

Method: Quasi-experimental study, with a dependent sample of 65 nursing professionals from pediatric inpatient units. A questionnaire with objective questions regarding the disinfection of venous devices was used, and pre- and post-tests were applied. Data collection was conducted in two public hospitals in southern Brazil, between April and July 2022. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and McNemar's test were used.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-tests regarding variables of passive disinfection, and recommended antiseptics and materials, rubbing and drying. A lower frequency of incorrect alternatives was noted after the intervention.

Conclusion: The educational intervention had a positive effect. Better results were observed in the knowledge of nursing professionals regarding the disinfection of venous devices, as well as allowing the professionals to reinforce already consolidated knowledge. This intervention can be used as a tool for updating and/or continuing training of nursing professionals, aiming at the safety of pediatric patients and care practices.

Objective: To analyze the effect of an improvement project on the implementation of Basic Patient Safety Protocols in Brazilian public hospitals.

Method: This is an intervention study aimed at comparing measurements before-and-after the implementation of an improvement project in 35 public hospitals across three Brazilian regions, between July 2021 and September 2023. The intervention consisted of a set of activities to support the implementation of six Basic Patient Safety Protocols, with semimonthly collection of indicators. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, with the use of trend charts to demonstrate improvements, considering the first seven collection points as the baseline for comparisons.

Results: After the intervention period, all Patient Safety Protocols showed improvements in their indicators. The prevention of falls and safe surgery stood out, with a 73% reduction in prevalence and a 675% increase in adherence to the safe surgery checklist, respectively, compared to the group of hospitals.

Conclusion: The improvement project had a positive effect on patient safety in the institutions, evidenced by the improvement in indicators of all analyzed protocols.

Objective: To analyze social representations from the perspective of the silent zone of health professionals regarding HIV serodifference.

Method: This is a qualitative study, based on the theoretical-methodological framework of Social Representations, with the Theory of the Central Nucleus and Mute Zone by Jean Claude Abric. 51 professionals from specialized services from the metropolitan region of a capital in the northeast of Brazil participated, from October to December 2020. Interviews were applied using the free word association replacement technique, with prototypical and similarity analyzes processed in the Iramuteq software.

Results: The results showed that the central nucleus demonstrated the veiled presence of stigmas and lack of knowledge when dealing with HIV serodifference, represented by the expressions prejudice, lack of knowledge, fear, insanity, and love.

Final considerations: The social representations attributed to the central core are anchored in prejudice, ignorance, fear, and insanity. Such meanings signal the need for improvements in the knowledge of health professionals involved in the health care network, in order to enable the praxis of care, and to confront the stigmas that permeate serodifference and cause distance between partners and health services.

Objective: to analyze the perceptions of people with pulmonary tuberculosis about their social support networks and the repercussions of becoming ill.

Method: a qualitative, descriptive study, conducted with 41 individuals undergoing treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, in Primary Health Care units in two Brazilian capitals: Belém/Pará and Campo Grande/Mato Grosso do Sul. Semi-structured individual interviews were carried out from July to December 2019. The thematic content analysis technique was applied.

Results: among the participants, 21 (51.22%) were from Belém and 20 (48.78%) from Campo Grande. Males (n=23/56.10%), age group from 21 to 40 years old (n=16/39.02%), unemployed status (n=28/68.29%) and who did not receive social benefits (n=23/56.10%) predominated. Three thematic categories emerged, presenting perceptions about social networks and the types of support they offer, the impact of the disease on family budget and its impact on work activities.

Final considerations: social support networks were characterized by the diversity of people and family or emotional ties maintained with the participants, as well as the diversity of types of support. In this context, they found the necessary human support to face the impact of the illness and deal with their socioeconomic condition.