Revista gaucha de enfermagem / EENFUFRGS最新文献

Objective: To describe the teaching of the History of Nursing in the curricular structures of Undergraduate Nursing Courses at Brazilian public universities.

Method: A documentary, descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out between February 2021 and August 2023. The sample included the curricula of active face-to-face undergraduate courses at public educational institutions (n=136) identified on the e-MEC platform. The content of the syllabuses was organized into a textual corpus and content analysis was carried out with the support of the IRaMuTeQ software.

Results: 99 syllabuses were identified among the 136 courses. A total of 100 (73.5%) courses have a specific subject dedicated to the History of Nursing. Five classes emerged which addressed the historical evolution of nursing in Brazil and worldwide, the creation of nursing schools, the division of labor, dimensions of care, and legal aspects of the profession.

Conclusion: The teaching of the History of Nursing is described in the curricular structures by aspects that make it possible to learn about the historical achievements and current challenges of nursing.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with excess weight, hypertension and diabetes among pregnant women in the northern region of Brazil.

Method: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study with secondary data conducted with pregnant women living in the northern region of Brazil who took part in the Telephone Survey for Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases. The chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for analysis, as well as the Binomial Logistic Regression model.

Results: A total of 21,652.1 women self-reported being pregnant. The prevalence rates were: 42.4% excess weight, 2.65% hypertension and 9% diabetes. The variables associated with the outcomes were: for overweight, watching television and using a computer/tablet/cell phone for up to 3 hours a day, for hypertension, watching television for 3 hours a day or more and using a computer/tablet/cell phone for more than 6 hours a day, for diabetes, 29 years old, 13 years of schooling, and consumption of more than 4 glasses/cans of soda daily.

Conclusion: The prevalence rates found in this study are similar to those found in other contexts. The unfavorable outcomes are associated with age, years of schooling, dietary habits, and maternal lifestyle.

Objective: To compare the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of pressure injuries among critically ill patients with and without Covid-19 in an intensive care unit.

Method: Retrospective cohort study in an intensive care unit by collecting data from electronic medical records of patients admitted in 2021. Sample of 302 patients, 151 with Covid-19 and 151 without Covid-19. Poisson's regression with robust variance and p < 0.05 as a significant value was used to analyze the data.

Results: The incidence of pressure injuries in patients with Covid-19 was 60.3% and in those without Covid-19 were 35.8%. Stage 2 and the sacral region were predominant in both groups and patients with Covid-19 developed lesions earlier compared to those without Covid-19. An increase in pressure injuries was observed in patients with chronic diseases, on mechanical ventilation and in the prone position The clinical variables associated were "obesity," "Braden ≤ 12," and "sedation time."

Conclusion: The incidence of pressure injuries was higher in patients with Covid-19.The variables "obesity," "Braden ≤ 12," and "sedation time" were associated with pressure injuries, regardless of whether the patient had Covid-19 or not, corroborating risk factors for pressure injuries.

Objective: To construct a matrix of interprofessional competencies produced in Multiprofessional Health Residencies in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte.

Method: Qualitative study, with a deductive method for theorization and construction of the competency matrix. It was organized into three phases: theoretical, field and analytical phase. Developed in multi-professional residencies in the interior of northeastern Brazil, with a sample of 41 subjects: 30 students, 06 preceptors, 04 professors and 01 municipal health manager. Focus group and interview data collection techniques were used, carried out from November 2022 to August 2023. Deductive thematic analysis was applied. All ethical principles were respected.

Results: The matrix was organized on three levels of competencies: common, professional-guiding, and collaborative. It is demonstrated using a table that organizes the type of competency, the interviewees' speeches and the competencies identified in the study, guided by international literature.

Conclusion: It was possible to construct the interprofessional competencies matrix. The matrix foresees a contemporary professional profile, demonstrating the need for improvements to professional reorientation from an interprofessional perspective to meet the demands of this new professional profile.

Objective: To identify, in the literature, the implications of gestational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 on neurodevelopment in the first postnatal year, focusing on changes in the motor, personal-social, socio-emotional, and communication and language domains.

Method: Systematic review with narrative synthesis, considering neurodevelopmental outcomes, categorized according to gross and fine motor skills, personal-social interaction, socio-emotional aspects, and communication and language. Searches were conducted in PubMed, LILACS/BIREME, and EMBASE databases between January 2020 and June 2023. Two independent researchers performed selection by reading the title and abstract and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cohort studies that evaluated children up to one year old, exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero, were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess methodological quality.

Results: Seventeen articles were included, with methodological quality ranging from intermediate to good. The most frequently used instrument to characterize neurodevelopment was the Ages & Stages Questionnaires. Infants aged 0 to 3 months had lower scores for fine and gross motor skills. Infants aged 3 to 12 months had more fine motor, social and communication and language impairments.

Conclusion: Most infants exposed to SARS-CoV-2 showed development as expected, however delays were identified in the motor, personal-social, socio-emotional and communication and language domains according to the age group.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence and the clinical and demographic factors associated with patients with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 59 participants from Porto Alegre/RS. Data were collected via telephone interviews using a structured instrument, the Functional Status Scale, and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form, between September 2021 and October 2022. Numerical data were analyzed for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Student's t-test with Mann-Whitney's post-hoc was applied for comparison of continuous variables. Fisher's exact test was used for correlation of categorical data.

Results: The sample included 32 women (56.4 ± 11.3 years) and 27 men (49.5 ± 10.7 years). Only women reported post-COVID-19 urinary incontinence (28%), as well as emotional alterations (p=0.006). Urinary incontinence was associated with insomnia (p=0.005).

Conclusion: Urinary incontinence was prevalent only in women and was not affected by COVID-19. Women also exhibited greater emotional alterations. Insomnia was the variable associated with the outcome. Thus far, there is incipient evidence regarding the association of the SARS-CoV-2 infection with the prevalence of urinary incontinence in individuals with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome.

Objective: to evaluate the collective and resocialization activities developed in a CAPS I, from the perspective of users, family members and service professionals.

Method: evaluative research, anchored in the theoretical-methodological framework of the Fourth Generation Evaluation, conducted with 11 users, six family members and 10 professionals from a Psychosocial Care Center I. It took place from September 2021 to August 2022, using prior ethnography, interviews and negotiation, with data analysis using the Constant Comparative Method.

Results: participants pointed out that therapeutic workshops, support groups and collective meetings are held, which take place mainly in the physical space of the service, with adequate operationalization and frequency, facilitated by the professionals' attitude and the provision of transportation and food. It was assessed that these actions had an impact on the psychosocial care offered, resulting in treatment adherence, improved interpersonal relationships within the service and community, emergence of positive feelings, social inclusion and support for coping with difficulties. The challenges are the support group schedule and the participation of children and adolescents.

Final considerations: collective and resocialization activities were evaluated as essential for the psychosocial care offered at CAPS, providing significant benefits to users, promoting interaction, social inclusion, interpersonal relationships and coping with adversities.

Objective: To analyze the spiritual well-being of nursing professionals with work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

Method: Cross-sectional observational study, carried out with nursing professionals from a public university hospital in Bahia, Brazil, from March to June 2023. Data was collected in a face-to-face interview in which sociodemographic, clinical and occupational data were extracted, in addition to the Spiritual Well-Being Scale application. Descriptive and analytical statistical analysis was carried out.

Results: Most nursing professionals (n=48) were women (89.6%), mean age 44.3(±5.4), black and brown (85.5%), married (31.3%), nursing technicians (83.3%), more than 10 years in the profession (87.5%). The majority of participants had a religion (60.4%), 43.8% were Catholic, with positive scores for spiritual well-being (77.1%), religious well-being (87.5%) and existential well-being (54.2%). Having worked in the field for more than 10 years, having a religion, and having spiritual/religious practices were related to higher spiritual well-being scores. Nursing technicians showed high levels of religious well-being and there was no significant results when comparing the variables studied with existential well-being.

Conclusion: Most nursing workers with musculoskeletal disorders presented a high level of spiritual well-being and religious well-being. In addition, there was little difference between the moderate and high results of existential well-being.

Objective: To understand the multidisciplinary care provided to children with cleft lip and palate and their families.

Method: Descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study, based on the theoretical-philosophical framework of Family-Centered Care, conducted with professionals from the multidisciplinary team of an association supporting individuals with cleft lip and palate. The data were processed using the Iramuteq® software and systematized using Similarity Analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee under opinion no. 4,095,950.

Results: Twelve professionals participated, in which the guiding thread for the construction of the classes was the link between the words: Child, Family, Treatment and Difficulty and the alignment with the principles of the Family-Centered Care philosophy, resulting in the following classes: 1. Portrait of assistance from the multidisciplinary team in caring for children and their families (Assistance and Monitoring); 2. Challenges experienced by the team in caring for children and their families (Barriers); and 3. Exercising their (essential) role as a member of the multidisciplinary team (Impact).

Conclusion: Professionals who care for children with cleft lip and palate and their families encounter barriers during care. However, they provide support to family members and work collaboratively, from the perspective of family-centered care involving participation, dignity, respect, and information sharing.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between work ability and psychosocial factors of professionals from the healthcare area.

Method: Cross-sectional study with 197 healthcare professionals from a teaching hospital. The Work Ability Index and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire III were applied. For data analysis, association tests and logistic regression models were used.

Results: Most participants were female (60.9%) with an average age of 40.12±7.14 years. The participants' good/optimal ability to work was 75.1%. The independent factors associated with work ability were recognition, self-rated health, somatic stress, leisure, commitment to time and interaction between work commitment and physical activity.

Conclusion: There was a reduction in the good/optimal work capacity of professionals who worked on the front line of care during the COVID-19 pandemic, with frequent exposure to psychosocial risks at work and of those who did not practice physical and leisure activities.