Revista gaucha de enfermagem / EENFUFRGS最新文献

Objective: To identify the prevalence of childhood adversities among self-identified LGBT+ students.

Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study based on the Pesquisa Estadual de Saúde do Adolescente Capixaba (PESC) [State Survey on Adolescent Health of Espírito Santo], conducted in 63 public and private high schools in the Greater Vitória Metropolitan Region, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The sample comprised 949 LGBT+ adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, selected through stratified probabilistic sampling. Data collection took place between March and December 2023, using the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), adapted and validated for Brazil. Statistical analyses included absolute and relative frequencies and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

Results: A high prevalence of emotional abuse (78.6%), physical abuse (55.2%), and sexual abuse (49.8%) was found, along with exposure to family violence (78.8%), and parental separation or divorce (57.4%). Exposure to violence was significant both at home and in the community, with 45.1% of adolescents reporting witnessing beatings outside the home and 21.2% living with someone who had been incarcerated.

Conclusion: The adversities experienced by this population underscore their vulnerability and the negative impacts on psychological and social development. Such experiences reflect the effects of structural LGBT+ phobia, reinforcing the urgent need for inclusive public policies and support programs to promote equity and reduce long-term harm.

Objective: To evaluate the usability of the ConectAPS-CRIE platform in the management of special immunobiologicals in primary health care by nursing professionals.

Method: A usability evaluation study of biomedical technology, conducted in August and September 2024, in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. The usability assessment involved direct users of the software, who were nursing professionals from the vaccination room of a Health Center, a Reference Center for Special Immunobiologicals, and the Epidemiological Surveillance Service. The professionals completed a questionnaire containing the statements of the System Usability Scale (SUS), and individual and average usability scores were calculated.

Results: The average usability score was 82.5±17.9 points. The two professionals from theReference Center for Special Immunobiologicals assigned the lowest scores (47.5 and 67.5), while the nurse from the Epidemiological Surveillance Service assigned an intermediate score (77.5), and professionals from the Health Center reported higher scores, ranging from 85 to 100 points.

Conclusion: The platform showed excellent average usability, with variations depending on the professional context, indicating greater ease of use by Health Center professionals and the need for adjustments to consolidate it as an effective tool in the management of special immunobiologicals.

Objective: to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Spirit at Work Scale in nursing workers.

Method: cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic sampling. The analysis of the psychometric properties of the Spirit at Work Scale was carried out in three stages: face and content validity (translation and cultural adaptation); validity based on internal structure (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, factorial invariance, and reliability analysis); validity based on relations to external measures (convergent analysis of the construct in relation to external measures).

Results: the translated version, adapted for the Brazilian context, was called Spirit at Work Scale-Br. The Brazilian version was validated in a sample of 4,248 nursing professionals, among whom there was a predominance of women (n=3,648; 85.88%), with a mean age of 35.59 years (SD=8.86); most were nurses 47.36% (n=2012) and nursing technicians 47.25% (n=2007). The exploratory factor analysis indicated the single-factor model as the theoretical structure that best adjusted to the data, after the exclusion of items 1, 2 and 12 of the instrument (λ≤0.40). Confirmatory factor analysis validated the single-factor structure of the Spirit at Work Scale-Br, composed by 15 items instead of the 18 in the original model of the instrument. The reliability of the data was also attested.

Conclusion: the Spirit at Work Scale-Br is capable of assessing aspects related to spirituality in the work of Brazilian nursing workers. However, it is considered essential to carry out future studies, including in-depth analyses related to the construct validity of the instrument in different contexts.

Objective: to analyze the sexual behavior and preventive practices of truck drivers related to the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Method: a cross-sectional study conducted in Picos, Piauí, Brazil involving 211 truck drivers approached at three fuel stations between August 2023 and January 2024. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, behavioral, and sexual health data. Rapid tests for syphilis, HIV, and hepatitis B and C were offered. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: of the total sample, 209 participants (99.1%) were male. Sixty participants (28.4%) reported experiencing signs or symptoms in the genital region suggestive of an STI. Consistent condom use was reported by 44 participants (22.1%), and 54 (31%) obtained supplies from the public health system. A significant association was found between signs/symptoms and number of sexual partners in the past 12 months (p=0.004), casual partners (p=0.015), and illicit drug use (p=0.017). Among those reporting previous STI symptoms, 61% sought treatment, mostly through the Unified Health System (SUS), while 39% did not seek care.

Conclusion: the findings reveal diverse sexual practices among truck drivers and identify factors associated with increased exposure to STIs. These results underscore the need for strategies to promote the sexual health of this population.

Objectives: To assess the level of distress and its correlation with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of female breast cancer survivors.

Method: Descriptive-analytical, longitudinal, and quantitative study conducted at a cancer center in Brazil between 2021 and 2022, at three moments: three (T1), six (T2), and nine (T3) months after the completion of surgical and clinical cancer treatment (excluding endocrine therapy). The sociodemographic and clinical characterization questionnaire and the Distress Thermometer were applied, in addition to a 35-item list of problems, distributed across five domains: practical, family, emotional, spiritual, and physical. Data Analysis: Statistical tests applied included the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney's U, Kruskal-Wallis, and the independence test, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.

Results: The study involved 101 participants, mostly married or in common law marriage. A distress level >4 was observed in most participants. Emotional, spiritual, and physical problems were the most frequently reported. Older women experienced higher distress at T1 and T3, while women with higher education levels reported significantly higher distress at T2 and T3.

Conclusion: Most of the women experienced emotional, spiritual, and physical issues, and the need for a multidimensional approach in the care of breast cancer survivors stood out.

Objectives: Develop a realistic simulation scenario on non-punitive responses to errors for application with Surgical Center leaders.

Method: Applied methodological study with three phases: I) construction of the simulation scenario using the National League for Nurses Jeffries Simulation Framework methodology; II) validation of scenario content by experts and assessment of leadership satisfaction and self-confidence; and III) application of the simulation scenario for leaders and assessment of satisfaction and self-confidence with learning using the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning scale.

Results: The scenario developed, titled "Leadership skills for non-punitive responses to errors in the Surgical Center" was validated by six experts and achieved a 100% content validity index. Practical application of the scenario identified appropriate knowledge on the topic. Satisfaction with learning and self-confidence scored 100% and 96.1%, respectively.

Conclusion: The research highlighted the potential for developing a simulation scenario, supporting the satisfaction and self-confidence in skills that underlie a safety culture through experimental learning.

Objective: To develop educational videos on tracheostomy care for adults and the elderly in the home environment.

Method: Applied and methodological research, with technological production of educational videos, developed in a public educational institution in Minas Gerais, Brazil. To validate the content of the scripts/storyboards, the population consisted of nurses and physiotherapists. To evaluate the videos, the population consisted of caregivers and adults/elderly people with tracheostomy. Data collection took place in February and July 2024. The following instruments were used: Validação de Conteúdo Educacional em Saúde and Suitability Assessment of Materials. For analysis, the Content Validity Index and the Adequacy Score were calculated.

Results: Two educational videos were developed: Tracheostomy Hygiene and Fixation and Tracheostomy Aspiration, lasting 5 minutes and 2 seconds and 6 minutes and 31 seconds, respectively. Fifteen specialist professionals and 9 caregivers/patients participated in the study. The scripts/storyboards obtained a Content Validity Index of 0.90, Content Validity Ratio de 0.81, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.71. The videos obtained a total adequacy score of 95 points.

Conclusion: The videos showed scientific reliability, high suitability and acceptability. They were considered clear, informative and relevant for the daily care of tracheostomized patients in the home environment.

Objective: to verify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in the first week of life in primiparous women.

Method: longitudinal study, with a probabilistic sample of 102 primiparous women assisted in two university hospitals in Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro, from December 2023 to April 2024, with favorable conditions for breastfeeding. An instrument validated by experts was applied. The chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied. Multiple analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. The dependent variable was exclusive breastfeeding in the first week of life.

Results: 70.6% of the primiparous women performed exclusive breastfeeding in the first week of life. A bivariate analysis showed an association between type of breastfeeding at hospital discharge (p<0.001), complications with newborns after discharge (p=0.038) and use of pacifiers (p<0.001). The non-exclusivity of breastfeeding at time of discharge and the use of pacifiers explained the non-exclusivity in the first week of life.

Conclusion: This research identified factors that may interfere with breastfeeding and its exclusivity after hospital discharge. Practices should consider restricting the use of formulas and artificial nipples, reiterating the importance of professional support, especially in the transition from hospital to home.

Objective: to identify health literacy demands among adolescents in public schools and implement co-created digital educational strategies to promote qualified access to health information.

Method: Qualitative, descriptive study with an action research approach conducted between May and November 2024. Participatory techniques, such as brainstorming and discussion groups, were used with students aged 14 to 19. After listening to their needs and analyzing informational content, an Instagram® profile was restructured and a TikTok® channel was created with content co-created with the adolescents.

Results: The identified literacy needs included conceptual gaps and low critical assessment skills on topics such as mental health, sexuality and gender, nutrition, substance use, violence, bullying, and racism. The intervention involved adapting the language, including new themes, and reformulating communication strategies, resulting in greater engagement and appropriation of the content by the adolescents.

Conclusion: the incorporation of the identified demands into digital content and in-person actions reinforces the potential of social media and participatory methodologies in promoting health literacy, indicating the importance of public policies that articulate digital technologies, qualified listening, and youth protagonism.

Objective: To investigate the suffering of healthcare professionals who work in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents.

Method: Qualitative study, inspired by Convergent Care Research, carried out in a transplant unit of a hospital in southern Brazil. Ten professionals from the interdisciplinary team, intentionally selected, participated. The information was collected between May and August 2023, using the Sensitive Creative Method through the "tree of knowledge" dynamic, consisting of four meetings with two to three participants. Initially, the professionals reflected and shared emotional experiences related to work. Afterwards, they discussed the essential characteristics of those who care for children and adolescents undergoing bone marrow transplants, through collective artistic production. The analysis was guided by the perspective of quality of work life.

Results: Emotions such as sadness and hopelessness emerged, indicating the presence of compassion fatigue. Two thematic axes were identified: quality of work life, empathy, compassion, and compassion fatigue; and being a professional in the context of transplants.

Conclusion: Worker suffering is aggravated by the lack of institutional support. Even so, the care provided is supported by empathy and compassion, revealing efforts by professionals to reframe challenging experiences.