Revista gaucha de enfermagem / EENFUFRGS最新文献

Objective: To understand the experience of family members of children with cleft lip and palate in relation to fasting and thirst during the perioperative period of primary and secondary surgeries.

Method: This is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, based on the theoretical framework of Family-Centered Care, conducted at the Associação de Apoio ao Fissurado Lábio-Palatal de Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. The semi-structured interviews with family members were conducted between August and September 2024, via Google Meet®, recorded, fully transcribed and analyzed through content analysis, thematic modality. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings.

Results: Seven family members of children with cleft lip and palate participated. Three categories emerged that demonstrate that fasting and thirst in the surgical context can generate emotional distress not only in the children, but also in their caregivers. Family members reported shared food restrictions, use of toys and prior conversation with the child as strategies used during the period. Clear communication from the team, consistent with family-centered care, reduces family discomfort.

Conclusion: Fasting and thirst in the perioperative period cause emotional distress to the child and family, making individualized management focused on family support essential, in line with Family-Centered Care.

Objective: to analyze the factors that influence turnover time in the operating rooms of an oncological hospital.

Method: a cross-sectional, retrospective study with a sample of 2,929 surgeries performed between February and November 2023 in the surgical center of a philanthropic oncological hospital in northern Paraná. Data were collected from reports completed simultaneously by the circulating nurse during surgeries, recording times for turnover time calculation. Statistical analysis used correlation and variance tests (p<0.05).

Results: minor surgeries had lower turnover time (median 35 minutes, IQR 27-55 minutes) compared to major surgeries (median 40 minutes, IQR 34.25-64.75 minutes; p<0.001). Positive correlations with higher turnover time were observed in the intervals from patient entry into the operating room to start of anesthesia (r=0.11, p<0.001), anesthesia to incision (r=0.17, p<0.001), and incision to surgical closure (r=0.18, p<0.001). Main reasons for delays were surgeons in other rooms (n=281; 25%), afternoon starts (n=161; 14%), and nursing delays (n=128; 11%).

Conclusion: minor surgical procedures, surgeons in others operating rooms, and nursing delays influence turnover time. The positive correlations highlight the interdependence of operative processes.

Objective: to identify nurses' perceptions of the characteristics of anthroposophic nursing care.

Method: qualitative study carried out in Tortosa, Spain. Semi-structured online and face-to-face interviews with 23 international nurses with experience in anthroposophic nursing, about the characteristics of anthroposophic nursing. Data was transcribed between 2023-2024 and subjected to a reflective thematic analysis using ATLAS-ti®.

Results: four characteristic areas are described: anthroposophic anthropology as a salutogenic basis that values the relationship between care, nature, and human suffering; external applications as complementary therapeutic techniques; sincere nursing involvement with the patient, family and community based on therapeutic links; path of self-knowledge as a support tool in patient care.

Final considerations: anthroposophic nurses combine nursing science and anthroposophic medicine to achieve coherence and inner strength. There is a demand for research and continuing education in anthroposophic nursing and homogeneity in the theoretical and practical foundations provided by anthroposophic nursing and existing training courses.

Objective: To understand the teaching strategies implemented by nursing professors for teaching the Nursing Process during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: Qualitative study with a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach. Online individual interviews were conducted with 27 nursing professors from all five regions of Brazil, between November 2022 and May 2023. The analysis was grounded in the hermeneutic circle, respecting the principles of attentive listening and comprehensive interpretation.

Results: The phenomenological-hermeneutic analysis of the narratives led to the construction of a central interpretive category: Reframing of the pedagogical practices of being-nurse-professor-teaching-the-nursing-process. From this category, themes emerged that expressed dimensions of the experience lived by professors during the pandemic: openness of being-teaching to others; loneliness of remote teaching; technological mediation as a possibility; and teaching as care and projection.

Conclusion: In the pandemic context, faculty members projected new possibilities of being in teaching, reframing their practices through openness to the other and existential responsibility. The findings highlight the need for sensitive, flexible methodologies connected to crisis contexts and emerging innovations.

Objective: To demonstrate the cross-cultural adaptation process and preliminary validity evidence of the Adolescent Resilience Scale for adolescent students in situations of social vulnerability for use in Brazil.

Method: Methodological study with psychometric characteristics. The adaptation of the 21-item scale followed five stages: translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, evaluation by a committee of experts, and pre-testing. Data collection was conducted from April to October 2023. The stage with 20 experts was conducted virtually, while the pre-test, with 40 adolescents, took place at a school in Recife, Pernambuco. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed, and Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega were calculated to assess reliability.

Results: The translated and adapted version of the Adolescent Resilience Scale was modified according to the experts' suggestions, maintaining its 21 items. The overall Content Validity Index (CVI) was 0.98, Cronbach's Alpha was 0.782, and McDonald's Omega was 0.794, all values considered satisfactory. The experts' suggestions coincided with those of the adolescents regarding semantic equivalence, resulting in expressions more appropriate to their daily lives and the Brazilian context.

Conclusion: The scale was adapted to the Brazilian context; however, further studies should evaluate the instrument's psychometric properties.

Objective: To understand the experience of people with dysvascular major lower-limb amputation throughout the health/disease transition process, focusing on their needs, challenges, and perceptions during the hospital-to-home transition, including hospital discharge preparation and strategies that promote empowerment in their return to daily life.

Method: An exploratory study using a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 individuals with dysvascular major lower limb amputation living at home. Data were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis methodology, supported by ATLAS.ti.® software. The study was conducted in Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal, from 2022 to 2023.

Results: Five categories emerged: (1) needs/difficulties of amputees, (2) discharge preparation, (3) returning home, (4) empowerment strategies for amputees, and (5) impact of amputation.

Final considerations: The challenges faced by individuals with dysvascular major lower limb amputation when returning home include functional limitations, comorbidities, physical, emotional, and social barriers, highlighting the importance of person-centered and family-centered care.

Objective: To present the response rates and strategies to reduce the number of challenges from multi-center research on Health Literacy carried out in five Brazilian cities.

Method: Adults living in urban areas of cities in the states of Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre, Santa Maria and Pelotas) and Mato Grosso do Sul (Campo Grande and Dourados) were interviewed between October 2023 and March 2024. Cluster sampling was carried out in three stages (census sector, block and household). Health literacy was assessed using the Brazilian version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire Short Form, and the Teste de Letramento em Saúde. The response rate for each city was obtained by dividing the number of interviews conducted by the number of households selected, and post-stratification weights were applied according to age, sex and education.

Results: From 150 census sectors initially drawn, 1,181 individuals from 136 census sectors were interviewed. The participating cities' household response rate varied from 33.04% to 58.09%. Different strategies were employed to reduce low response rates due to absent residents and number of refusals, identified as main challenges in data collection. Quality control was performed continuously, with direct supervision of interviewers, daily data analysis and telephone re-interviews.

Conclusion: Low response rates in face-to-face interviews, mainly due to absent residents and refusals, as well as in telephone re-interviews, suggest that strategies need to be expanded to address these challenges in household surveys.

Objective: To demonstrate evidence of the validity of the Triage Rule-Out Using High-Sensitivity Troponin algorithm (TRUST) for cardiac risk assessment by nurses in Brazil.

Method: A six-stage methodological study: translation; synthesis of translations; back-translation; validation by a committee of judges; pre-testing; and submission to the original author. The committee was comprised by of four bilingual translators and two specialist nurses, who assessed the translated version for semantic, idiomatic, conceptual, and cultural equivalence, as well as content validity, internal consistency and clarity. In the pre-test, 31 nurses evaluated the clarity of the algorithm. Content validity was analyzed by the Content Validity Index and reliability by internal consistency using Cronbach's Alpha.

Results: The TRUST algorithm consists of three clinical criteria: history of chest pain, electrocardiogram, and a rapid troponin test. The adapted version demonstrated content validity and good comprehensibility, with a Content Validity Index of over 0.90 and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.80. The adaptations involved technical and cultural adjustments. In the pre-test, nurses considered the algorithm to be clear and relevant.

Conclusion: The cross-cultural adaptation of the algorithm proved to be valid, being equivalent to the original, adapted to the Brazilian context and suitable for use by emergency nurses.

Objective: to analyze the occurrence of internalized stigma among homeless people and its relationship with self-care practices.

Method: this is a descriptive and exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, carried out through semi-structured interviews. The research was conducted, between July and October 2023, at the Specialized Reference Centers for the Homeless Population in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Data analysis was supported by the MAXQDA® software and guided by the methodological framework of thematic content analysis proposed by Bardin.

Results: a total of twenty-two users participated, with a mean age of 34.5 years. The majority were male and had been living on the streets for more than three years. The analysis of reports resulted in three thematic categories: (1) Individuals' feelings about their living conditions on the streets; (2) Perception of how society views them; (3) Perception of the homeless individual about others living in the same conditions.

Final considerations: internalized stigma compromises the homeless population's self-image and self-care, deepening social exclusion. There is a need to critically review existing intersectoral practices, promoting interventions that are more sensitive to the subjective effects of stigma.

Objective: To describe the conceptions of family and community doctors and nurses about health education on sexually transmitted infections in adolescence.

Method: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach, conducted between August and November 2023 with family and community physicians and nurses from a municipality in the interior of Pernambuco, Brazil. Data collection involved a sociodemographic questionnaire and individual semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis technique.

Results: Sixteen health professionals participated. They recognized health education as a priority strategy in Primary Care, promoting quality of life, encouraging critical-reflective thinking, and empowering adolescents in decision-making. Schools were highlighted as the primary setting for these educational practices. A preference was also observed for dialogic dynamics using popular language, audiovisual presentations, humor, and playful resources.

Conclusion: Professionals recognize the importance of health education initiatives on STIs as fundamental strategies for promoting preventive behaviors among adolescents. However, factors such as family resistance, cultural taboos and insufficient resources still constitute obstacles to the implementation and scope of these practices in the daily routine of health services.