Revista Cubana de Enfermeria最新文献

Two induced labor methods, the venoclysis with oxitocin and the self-stimulation of the nipples, were comparatively evaluated in 2 groups of pregnant women (80) admitted at the Eastern Gyneco-obstetric and Teaching Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during the first semester of 1993. The following variables were calculated: drugs intake, material expenses, length of stay, and quality. A questionnaire was used to collect them. Percent and chi square were applied to these data, which were represented by tables. The self-stimulation of the nipples proved to be the most economical as regards the saving os spendable material and drugs. Hospital stay and the perinatal results connected with the type of labor and the newborn status were similar with both methods.

A descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study of 558 pregnant women was conducted. 998 gravidae admitted at the Eastern Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during the first trimester of 1995 were taken as a sample. The nursing work was analyzed, as well as the correct advising given to the pregnant patients and to those who had already delivered in order to evaluate their nutritional status. The following characteristics of the sample were considered: age, educational level, parity, weight gain during pregnancy and at the end of it, and gestational age at delivery. Most of the pregnant women were between 18 and 35 years and had attained a senior high school level. There was a predominance of parity 0-2. It was proved that the nutritional status is related to weight and size. Maternal weight gain during pregnancy was positive.

A retrospective and descriptive study composed of HIV and AIDS seropositive patients was conducted, 90 patients with infections caused by herpes simplex and zoster varicella were taken as a sample. Percentage was applied to them. Within the opportunistic infections, those caused by microorganisms from the Herpes viridae family, such as herpes simplex virus type I and II, cytomegalovirus, hoster varicella, and Epstein Barr's virus are very frequent among these patients. The nursing role in the attention to HIV and AIDS seropositive patients with infections produced by herpes simplex and zoster varicella was analyzed during two years. Herpes simplex infection (88.8% of the cases) showed the highest incidence and its genital localization was the most frequent one. 100% of the lesions of the skin and of the mucous membranes were cured. The efficiency of nursing care in these infections was proved and emphasis was made on how important it is to fulfil the biosafety measures with these patients.

The present paper expresses the need to standardize the basic care that should be given to the patients with musculoskeletal inactivity. Starting from the definition of the high risk disuse syndrome category, the body systems' functionality will be determined. It is important to consider the patients' participation in the activities carried out, as well as their feelings regarding their status and the effects it may produce. The nurse should demonstrate her knowledge and abilities to take care of the patients, keeping the integrity of the skin and of the mucous membranes. An exhaustive bibliographic review was made for this paper. The basic care the patients with musculoskeletal inactivity (disuse syndrome) should receive are explained here.

An anonymous survey was done to know the level of Bioethics elementary knowledge existing among the nursing personnel, as well as the effectiveness in that sense of a postgraduate course on this topic imparted to 110 nurses from the Provincial Clinical and Surgical Hospital in Cienfuegos. 84 of them had no previous training on this regard, and the other 26 had attended postgraduate courses. It was demonstrated that the first group only answered correctly for a general mark of 39.5%, whereas the second group obtained 86.9%. This shows that there is a low level of Bioethics knowledge among the nursing personnel, and reaffirms the need to conduct systematic Bioethics courses for this health personnel, taking into account that its efficacy may lead to a better and more human attention to the patients and their relatives.

A case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosed at the "Pedro Kourí" Institute of Tropical Medicine was reported. This retrospective study was conducted through a bibliographic review. It is a HIV seropositive female patient that during her disease presented dermatological alterations, such as vesicles and ampullas that corresponded to the Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The nursing role in the treatment of an immunodepressed patient and the correct application of the biosafety measures are explained in detail. The nursing personnel is considered as an inseparable part of the medical team in the attention to the HIV immunodepressed patient from the Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

A study was performed on the application of thrombolytic agents during the first hours of the onset and diagnosis of a myocardial infarction with the aim of recovering coronary reperfusion and preserving the cardiac muscle. The therapeutic use of the Cuban recombinant streptokinase (Heberkinase) is analyzed in this paper. This is the fourth investigation conducted about streptokinase and its application in patients with a myocardial infarction.

The use of microcomputers in medical education to assess the training process in Primary Health Care is analyzed. The experimental study consisted of 8 modules related to immunization campaigns, nursing care of healthy children, sanitation, nursing care of women, epidemiology and statistics, and nursing care of those diseases presenting the highest prevalence. The program is based on the basic software "Evaluation of Training", and designed in basic language. Each module consisted of a set of questions and each set had 3 different forms of feedback: the given form, the controlled form, and the form for searching. The independent variable of this investigation was the evaluation of training by microcomputers, and the dependent variable was the cognitive domain and development. The sample comprises 16 individuals studying on the eighth semester of a nursing course, and each group is made up by 8 students (a control group and an experimental group). Data obtained from this investigation were assessed by the test of nonparametric indicators. Results evidenced that the evaluation of training by a microcomputer provided a significantly higher performance in comparison with noncomputer assisted evaluation. Students were satisfied regarding the interaction with the microcomputer and with the performance of the evaluation. Further investigations in this field are recommended.