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Revista Cubana de Enfermeria最新文献

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[Origin of the modern hospital]. 【现代医院的起源】。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
M C Amaro Cano

Hospitals' history goes back to ancient times, but the present conception is only a creation of the 18th Century, as a result of the French Revolution, spread around the world by the most progressive men at the time. Among them there were a number of physicians who, throughout their disciples, helped to improve that work and transmit it from generation to generation.

医院的历史可以追溯到古代,但现在的概念只是18世纪的创造,作为法国大革命的结果,由当时最进步的人传播到世界各地。在他们中间有许多医生,他们通过他们的门徒,帮助改进了这项工作,并将其代代相传。
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引用次数: 0
[Preventive measures by physicians and nurses in the Flor Crombet outfit]. [医生和护士在地板上的预防措施]。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
I Williams Kindelán, E Fernández Charón, C García Martínez, L Bridón Romero

A study was conducted en 100 workers from Flor Crombet Contingent in Yateras municipality, province of Guantánamo. Ninety-six men and 4 women out of 100 workers studied had health certificates, most of them made by nurses or physicians, thus sparing the need to go to a polyclinic and saving working hours. When visiting work places, it was observed that workers who did not use protective means were aware of their importance and instructions were imparted that work be carried out in places with lower risk, an order which was fulfilled immediately since there is no lack of promotion, but lack of protective means in the enterprise. One hundred percent of the workers are involved in health education programs.

对Guantánamo省Yateras市Flor Crombet特遣队的100名工人进行了一项研究。在所研究的100名工人中,有96名男子和4名妇女有健康证明,其中大多数是由护士或医生开具的,因此不需要去综合诊所,节省了工作时间。在参观工作场所时,观察到没有使用保护措施的工人意识到其重要性,并指示在风险较低的地方进行工作,这一命令立即得到执行,因为企业中不缺乏晋升,而是缺乏保护措施。百分之百的工人都参加了健康教育项目。
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引用次数: 0
[Intraoperative care by the operating room nurse during kidney transplantation]. 【肾移植术中手术室护士的护理】。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
E Sardiñas Arzaola, B Nuviola González, E Ancheta Niebla

A discussion is carried out about the foundations of operating room nursing, emphasizing the strict fulfillment of kidney transplantation intraoperative care. A description is made of the training for surgical nurses, their responsibility in keeping asepsis and their work during kidney transplantation surgery; the job of the instrumentalists, the way they should be prepared for the operations, the knowledge she should have about the surgery they will take part in, following the steps of the operation and helping to diminish the time of the kidney's hot ischemia.

讨论了手术室护理的基础,强调严格履行肾移植术中护理。介绍了外科护士的培训、保持无菌的责任和肾移植手术中的工作;器械师的工作,他们应该为手术做准备的方式,她应该掌握的关于他们将要参加的手术的知识,跟随手术的步骤,帮助缩短肾脏热缺血的时间。
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引用次数: 0
[Variations in pulse rate and arterial pressure during hyperbaric oxygenation]. [高压氧合期间脉搏率和动脉压的变化]。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
A Valdivia Chinea, Y Serrano Ferrer, S Morales Cudello, F Ramírez López

Forty-five patients receiving at least 5 sessions of hyperbaric oxygenation treatment were studied. Mean values of pulse rate were calculated during the different regimes of the session, as well as mean values of blood pressure before and after each treatment in order to assess the influence of hyperbaric oxygenation upon these parameters. With the hyperbaric oxygenation dosages employed in the group of patients studied, the variations of these parameters are not statistically significant. However, the behavior observed corresponds directly with the pressures used.

研究了45例接受至少5次高压氧治疗的患者。计算不同治疗方案期间脉搏率的平均值,以及每次治疗前后的血压平均值,以评估高压氧合对这些参数的影响。在研究的患者组中使用的高压氧剂量,这些参数的变化没有统计学意义。然而,观察到的行为与所使用的压力直接对应。
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引用次数: 0
[Work of nurses in hyperbaric oxygenation]. 护士在高压氧中的工作
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
Y Serrano Ferrer, M A Valiente González, F Ramírez López, A Valdivia Chinea, S Morales Cudello

The work of nursing personnel with patients receiving treatment with hyperbaric oxygenation is intended mainly to prepare the patients and provide care and psychological support. Hyperbaric oxygenation as a therapeutic method was included in Cuba's Health System in 1986. Hyperbaric oxygenation is applied in different diseases, both alone and as supportive treatment for clinical or surgical therapy and it is based on the significant increased oxygen dissolved in the plasma when gas pressure is increased to a proper dosage using hyperbaric chambers. Nursing personnel plays a very important role in providing care to patients and the team is in charge of the security measures and techniques. Hyperbaric oxygenation has proved to be effective for the treatment of anaerobic sepsis, intoxication due to carbon monoxide, peritonitis, gastroduodenal ulcers, liver diseases, osteomyelitis, as a support for grafting and transplants and other diseases.

护理人员对接受高压氧治疗的患者的工作主要是为患者做好准备,提供护理和心理支持。高压氧合作为一种治疗方法于1986年被纳入古巴的卫生系统。高压氧合应用于不同的疾病,既可以单独使用,也可以作为临床或外科治疗的辅助治疗,它是基于当使用高压室将气体压力增加到适当剂量时,血浆中溶解的氧显著增加。护理人员在为患者提供护理方面发挥着非常重要的作用,团队负责安全措施和技术。高压氧已被证明能有效治疗厌氧性败血症、一氧化碳中毒、腹膜炎、胃十二指肠溃疡、肝脏疾病、骨髓炎、作为移植和移植等疾病的支持。
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引用次数: 0
[Prevention of allergic reactions to X-ray contrast media. Description of the technique]. 预防x射线造影剂过敏反应。技术描述]。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
F Ramírez López, W Fernández Peña, M Hierro Fuente, J Llanes Llanes

The technique of phophylaxis for allergic reactions due to contrast test in X-rays was applied in a group of 101 patients (20-60 years old). An antihistaminic (Promethazine 25 mg) and a corticosteroid (Hydrocortizone 100 mg or prednisol 60) were administered intravenously before the test. The prophylactic technique is described and satisfactory results are shown in all patients undergoing the contrast test. Undesirable effects of iodine substances in patients without an iodine allergy history were avoided with the use of this method in tests such as descending urogram, cytography, fistulography, etc. The use of drugs in the symptomatic treatment of undesirable effects of iodine in contrast test is suggested in some medical literature. This paper is the result of an experiment of a medical team from CIMEQ.

对101例(20 ~ 60岁)患者应用x线造影剂过敏反应的预防技术。试验前静脉注射抗组胺药(异丙嗪25毫克)和皮质类固醇(氢化可的松100毫克或泼尼松60毫克)。预防技术描述和满意的结果显示,在所有患者进行对比试验。无碘过敏史的患者可避免碘物质的不良影响,可用于尿降造影、细胞造影、瘘管造影等检查。一些医学文献建议用药物对症治疗碘对比试验不良反应。本论文是我院某医疗队的实验结果。
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引用次数: 0
[Effects of computer simulation of teaching of the activities of nurses' home visits]. [计算机模拟护士家访活动教学效果]。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
B R Lara dos Santos, J Boetcher Schneider, S Santos de Souza, I Krilow
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引用次数: 0
[Hemodialysis with increased sodium]. [血液透析加钠]。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1993-01-01
D Espinosa Hernández, C Magrans Buch

During hemodialysis the complications associated with hemodynamic and osmolarity changes often make difficult the dialytic procedure. To make these complications diminish, a number of technical procedures have been developed, including use of bicarbonate and increased sodium concentration in the dialized. In order to explore the latter procedure, 30 hemodialysis cases were studied, 15 of them with standard sodium (135 mmol/L) and 15 with increased sodium (150 mmol/L) during the first half of the dialysis. In the 2 groups intradialytic complications were assessed and the increased weight in the later interdialytic period. Hypotension occurred in 20% of the hemodialysis cases with normal sodium and in none of those with increased sodium. The average weight increase in the interdialytic periods was 1,486 hk +/- 0.946 and 2,526 kg +/- 1,122 for hemodialysis with normal and increased sodium, respectively. It is concluded that the procedure is useful in hemodynamically unstable patients, whenever interdialytic weight gain is controlled.

在血液透析过程中,与血液动力学和渗透压变化相关的并发症常常使透析过程变得困难。为了减少这些并发症,已经开发了许多技术程序,包括在透析中使用碳酸氢盐和增加钠浓度。为了探讨后一种方法,对30例血液透析患者进行了研究,其中15例在透析前半期使用标准钠(135 mmol/L), 15例使用增加钠(150 mmol/L)。观察两组患者的透析并发症及透析后期体重增加情况。钠含量正常的血液透析患者中有20%出现低血压,钠含量升高的血液透析患者无低血压发生。血液透析钠正常组和钠增高组透析间期平均体重增加分别为1,486 hk +/- 0.946和2,526 kg +/- 1,122。结论是,只要透析期间体重增加得到控制,该程序对血流动力学不稳定的患者是有用的。
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引用次数: 0
[Physical exercise. The results in hypertensive patients of area 30 of the Policlínico Docente Lawson]. (体育锻炼。结果高血压患者的30区Policlínico Docente Lawson]。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1992-07-01
M Lugo, L Pascual, M Pérez, M Noda

Systematic physical training influences upon a series of changes which occurs in the body, not only improves the cardiovascular functioning, but every organ and system, it increases the functional capacity of the individual, reduces tension due to stress and controls arterial tension figures. Regarding the aforementioned aspects, a study in 50 patients representing 100% of hypertensive subjects involved in a physical exercise program without any other associated disease is made with the aim of determining the influence of systematic physical activity upon the treatment of arterial hypertension. Results show that in most of the patients who previously had high tension values, hypertension was controlled or improved by systematic physical training and the use of drugs was also reduced or eliminated.

系统的体育训练影响身体发生的一系列变化,不仅改善心血管功能,而且每个器官和系统,它增加了个人的功能能力,减少压力引起的紧张和控制动脉紧张数字。针对上述方面,我们对50例高血压患者(100%)进行了一项研究,这些患者均参加了体育锻炼计划,没有其他相关疾病,目的是确定系统体育锻炼对动脉性高血压治疗的影响。结果表明:既往血压偏高的患者,通过系统的体育锻炼,高血压得到控制或改善,药物的使用也减少或消除。
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引用次数: 0
[The sexuality of adolescents from 14 to 19 in a given population]. [特定人群中14至19岁青少年的性行为]。
Q4 Nursing Pub Date : 1992-07-01
E Martínez Madan, M Salazar Ramírez, D M Parada Rodríguez, A M Cardoso Campo

A study by a survey about sexuality in adolescents was performed in 218, subjects aged 14-19 years with the aim of knowing the level of sexual intercourse practice, the degree of sexual information and the use of contraceptive methods and history of pregnancy by age and sex. In the analysis made it was found that 51% of the sample have sexual intercourse since early adolescents. The majority has information about contraceptive methods. Only 66% of adolescents who have sexual intercourse is protected against impregnation or infections; 38 have no protection at all. The most effective contraceptive methods for this group such as condom or diaphragm are not known or not used by them. 61% of young people who has sexual intercourse had a history of pregnancy, most of them having given birth to a child in first place, followed by uterine curettage and as a result they left school and a few began to work. The family doctor and the nurse must provide sexual education to the family due to the relation they have with their population.

对218名年龄在14-19岁的青少年进行了一项关于性行为的调查,目的是了解他们的性行为水平、性信息的程度、避孕方法的使用情况以及按年龄和性别划分的怀孕史。在分析中发现,51%的样本在青少年早期就有过性行为。大多数人都了解避孕方法。只有66%的发生过性行为的青少年得到了防止怀孕或感染的保护;38 .没有任何保护。对于这一群体来说,最有效的避孕方法,如避孕套或隔膜,他们不知道或没有使用。有过性行为的年轻人中有61%有过怀孕史,其中大多数人首先生了孩子,然后进行了子宫刮除手术,因此他们离开了学校,少数人开始工作。由于家庭医生和护士与家庭人口的关系,他们必须向家庭提供性教育。
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Revista Cubana de Enfermeria
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