Revista Cubana de Enfermeria最新文献

The population comprising all subjects over 15 years of age from a health area served by a medical office was analyzed by a survey with the aim of determining which patients were at risk of developing an ischemic cardiopathy and including them in the Coronary Disease Program implemented at the Cardio Center of Villa Clara. Nursing interventions in performing the different tests are reported.

The geriatric assessment includes the evaluation of the patient's functional capacity, and it can be applied at any health care level, even at home. This allows to approach to the biological, psychological and social aspects, and facilitates the systematic observation of the therapeutic process and of the results from medical and social interventions with the aim of preventing, or at least, delaying the occurrence of functional disabilities. In addition, this evaluation allows to design an adequate programming of nursing care at any health care level, including the patient's home.

The authors by means of this work report on the history of the Primary Health Care Program for School Children That was initiated in the 1980s in the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.

Twenty medical records of patients who underwent a renal transplantation were reviewed with the aim of analyzing nursing care during the first 24 hours of the transplantation. The most significant aspects regarding these patients, as well as the most relevant actions undertaken with respect to nursing procedures were also analyzed. It is interesting to note that arterial hypertension is found to be among the leading causes of chronic renal failure. During the immediate postoperative period 5 patients required mechanical ventilation for more than 8 hours. Regarding diuresis surveillance and monitoring, 14 patients presented with an enhanced diuresis, but in 4 the urinary volume was lower than 50 mL/h. The need to treat those patients in an Intensive Care Unit by a highly trained and specialized nursing staff is highlighted.

Results from the application of risk approach for the analysis of early maternity are reported. This analysis is made from the available medical records. Based on data obtained from the Registry of Deliveries of the Obstetric ward of "Madariaga de Posadas" hospital, Misiones, Argentina, a cross-sectional study of analytical observation was conducted. All records regarding deliveries occurring during the first semester of 1991, i,e, 507 cases were considered for the study and 3 characteristics were chosen: age, parity, and complications due to an inadequate prenatal monitoring. The first two characteristics, in combination, were used as an indicator of risk level and the third was crossed in a contingency table. The most significant findings were that 20% of 2 513 deliveries cared for within the aforementioned period of time corresponded to early maternity. Average age of the adolescents was 17 years ranging from 12-19 and standard deviation 1.5 years, modal parity was placed in the rank of 0. Of 507 deliveries at risk, 69 were considered high risk deliveries because of the age and 305 because of parity. Overall, 61 deliveries presented with complications due to inadequeate prenatal care. In general, it is concluded that the technique and the data source used are quite useful to quantitate the occurrence of early maternity and to design strategies for nursing intervention in the community. These women who receive medical care in the public hospital come from popular sectors and represent a well defined risk group requiring specific preventive medical care for the reproductive process as a whole.

Five hundred patients to whom definitive cardiac pacemakers were implanted from June, 1978 to June, 1992 were studied. A predominance of males and the age group of 61-80 years was observed. The most frequent reason for seeking medical care was syncope, and III grade atrioventricular block is the most frequent cause requiring this kind of treatment whose etiology was associated with the sclerodegenerative disease of the conduction system. The right cephalic vein was the most used via of approach; among the complications recorded only 2 resulted in death of the patient (perforation of the left ventricle and traumatic pneumotorax.)

Different definitions of quality of health care were reviewed. These difinitions are considered to be the fulfillment of desired results in the health of individuals and overall population and some refer to the health definition itself and to the influences of the patient, family and health system. In our country the objectives of health care quality are implied in the definitions revised. Because of the importance given to the evaluation of quality for health policy definitions some methods of analysis for the structure, process, and results of the system are reported from the very beginning of their application. Factors which involve nursing care in the quality of health care are described taking into account that its representation at administrative levels of the Health Care System and its enhancement impels of promotes the development of nursing actions in the structure and process of the system related to the results.

A study was carried out from a sample of 300 infants born at "Mariana Grajales" Obstetric and Gynecological Teaching hospital, Santa Clara, from December, 1992 to February, 1993. Some factors which influence upon breast feeding were studied. A survey including personal identity data and others was applied. Factors aforementioned were analyzed and it was found that breast feeding was maintained during the first 4 months of life in 58.0% of infants. In addition, acute diarrheal and acute respiratory diseases were found to be more frequent in those infants breast fed during a shorter period of time. A significant relationship between maternal occupation and lactation was also confirmed. No relationship was observed between nutritional status and lactation, although the greatest percentage is found in infants with normal body weight with 38.0% of breast-fed infants and 25.3% of non-breast fed infants.