Metal-Organic Coordination polymer (MOCPs) is an emerging class of inorganic-organic porous hybrid materials with infinite coordination polymers (CPs) or metal-organic backbones (MOFs) formed by the interaction between metal ions and organic ligands and ligand functional groups. The molecular structure of the organic ligands composing MOCPs is rich in variation, while inorganic metal ions generally have good photoelectromagnetic properties. Therefore, MOCPs have diverse structural variations, adjustable pore size, high stability and controllable synthesis, and have received wide attention in gas storage, multiphase catalysis, chemical sensing and biological applications. Fluorescence properties are one of the most widely used techniques for bioimaging and sensing detection. However, conventional luminescent groups are usually affected by aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ) effects. Aggregation-induced luminescence molecules (AIEs) based on metal-organic coordination polymers combine the advantages of organic AIEs and transition metal centers to improve photophysical properties and therapeutic effects.
{"title":"Fluorescent Probes Based on Metal and Aggregation-induced Luminescent Organic Molecule Complexes for Bioimaging and Sensing Applications","authors":"Ke Liu","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p114","url":null,"abstract":"Metal-Organic Coordination polymer (MOCPs) is an emerging class of inorganic-organic porous hybrid materials with infinite coordination polymers (CPs) or metal-organic backbones (MOFs) formed by the interaction between metal ions and organic ligands and ligand functional groups. The molecular structure of the organic ligands composing MOCPs is rich in variation, while inorganic metal ions generally have good photoelectromagnetic properties. Therefore, MOCPs have diverse structural variations, adjustable pore size, high stability and controllable synthesis, and have received wide attention in gas storage, multiphase catalysis, chemical sensing and biological applications. Fluorescence properties are one of the most widely used techniques for bioimaging and sensing detection. However, conventional luminescent groups are usually affected by aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ) effects. Aggregation-induced luminescence molecules (AIEs) based on metal-organic coordination polymers combine the advantages of organic AIEs and transition metal centers to improve photophysical properties and therapeutic effects.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126742756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yin Dejun, Zhang Min, Liu Huiyu, Xian Siyuan, Yang Wu, Yang Mingxing
Based on the remote sensing statistical data of land use of terrestrial ecosystems in Yuqing County, this paper calculates the amount of carbon sinks in the county according to the existing carbon sink carbon density index, compares the amount of different types of carbon sinks, and analyzes their respective carbon sink potential. The results show that the forest carbon sink is the largest, about 2.2 million tons, accounting for 75% of the total carbon sink in the county, showing the great potential of forest vegetation to absorb CO2 through photosynthesis, followed by the carbon sink produced by dry land (cultivated land), about 400,000 tons, accounting for 13% of the total carbon sink in the county; Although the amount of wetland aquatic carbon sink is small, its carbon density is very large, and it has the advantages of short renewal time and fast carbon sink, so it has great potential and can be artificially regulated to increase carbon sink. Based on the above research and analysis, combined with the spirit of the national carbon peak and carbon neutral policy and the natural law of ecosystem development, three measures to protect and increase carbon sinks in terrestrial ecosystems were put forward: (1) continuing to carry out forestry planting and do a good job in forestry protection; (2) stabilizing the surface water area and developing aquatic carbon sinks; (3) Establish a long-term monitoring system to ensure the contribution of carbon sinks, provide support for the protection of ecosystem and the development of carbon sink potential in Yuqing County from two aspects of science and management, and compare the amount of different types of carbon sinks, and analyze their carbon sink potential. On this basis, combined with the spirit of the national carbon peak and carbon neutral policy and the natural law of ecosystem development, three kinds of terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink protection and increase wording were put forward accordingly, which provided support for ecosystem protection and carbon sink potential development in Yuqing County from two aspects of science and management.
{"title":"Ecology of Yuqing County Carbon Sink Calculation and Ecosystem Protection Measures","authors":"Yin Dejun, Zhang Min, Liu Huiyu, Xian Siyuan, Yang Wu, Yang Mingxing","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p84","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the remote sensing statistical data of land use of terrestrial ecosystems in Yuqing County, this paper calculates the amount of carbon sinks in the county according to the existing carbon sink carbon density index, compares the amount of different types of carbon sinks, and analyzes their respective carbon sink potential. The results show that the forest carbon sink is the largest, about 2.2 million tons, accounting for 75% of the total carbon sink in the county, showing the great potential of forest vegetation to absorb CO2 through photosynthesis, followed by the carbon sink produced by dry land (cultivated land), about 400,000 tons, accounting for 13% of the total carbon sink in the county; Although the amount of wetland aquatic carbon sink is small, its carbon density is very large, and it has the advantages of short renewal time and fast carbon sink, so it has great potential and can be artificially regulated to increase carbon sink. Based on the above research and analysis, combined with the spirit of the national carbon peak and carbon neutral policy and the natural law of ecosystem development, three measures to protect and increase carbon sinks in terrestrial ecosystems were put forward: (1) continuing to carry out forestry planting and do a good job in forestry protection; (2) stabilizing the surface water area and developing aquatic carbon sinks; (3) Establish a long-term monitoring system to ensure the contribution of carbon sinks, provide support for the protection of ecosystem and the development of carbon sink potential in Yuqing County from two aspects of science and management, and compare the amount of different types of carbon sinks, and analyze their carbon sink potential. On this basis, combined with the spirit of the national carbon peak and carbon neutral policy and the natural law of ecosystem development, three kinds of terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink protection and increase wording were put forward accordingly, which provided support for ecosystem protection and carbon sink potential development in Yuqing County from two aspects of science and management.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127441179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
North Valley Research (NVR) is a start-up technology company, which was established by two founders in 2010. Those co-founders are both from the research and development (R&D) department. In the early years of the company, the whole company paid more attention to R&D and neglected the development of project delivery methodologies. Therefore, traditional project delivery approaches were always adopted in NVR at beginning. With the rapid growth of the vehicle electronic control system market, there will be an opportunity for explosive growth of NVR. However, NVR found that it was difficult to expand its revenue margin. The leadership found that the traditional project delivery method cannot meet the requirements of NVR and have led a campaign called “Corner Stone” to adopt agile method. Unfortunately, after launching this alternative method, the productivity and efficiency of NVR were still growing slowly. After several trials, project managers applied a hybrid method to get out of the dilemma. Currently, while NVR has a short history, it is becoming a professional electronic products and services provider. In addition, NVR has a large proportion in the engineering machinery market segment. It has a huge customer base, which includes Volvo, Sany, Zoomlion, and so forth.
{"title":"How North Valley Research Break a Dilemma: A Case Study of Project Delivery Approaches","authors":"Kun Wang","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p77","url":null,"abstract":"North Valley Research (NVR) is a start-up technology company, which was established by two founders in 2010. Those co-founders are both from the research and development (R&D) department. In the early years of the company, the whole company paid more attention to R&D and neglected the development of project delivery methodologies. Therefore, traditional project delivery approaches were always adopted in NVR at beginning. With the rapid growth of the vehicle electronic control system market, there will be an opportunity for explosive growth of NVR. However, NVR found that it was difficult to expand its revenue margin. The leadership found that the traditional project delivery method cannot meet the requirements of NVR and have led a campaign called “Corner Stone” to adopt agile method. Unfortunately, after launching this alternative method, the productivity and efficiency of NVR were still growing slowly. After several trials, project managers applied a hybrid method to get out of the dilemma. Currently, while NVR has a short history, it is becoming a professional electronic products and services provider. In addition, NVR has a large proportion in the engineering machinery market segment. It has a huge customer base, which includes Volvo, Sany, Zoomlion, and so forth.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"223 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120978523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Under the background of the current new media era, the traditional one-way information receiver has gradually become the two roles of information publisher and receiver. In the past, the means of information transmission have undergone drastic changes, the monopoly of the media itself has begun to fall apart, and the audience has become users, whose choice of new media directly affects the future development of the media. Therefore, for new media, the construction of user thinking can not be ignored.
{"title":"On the Construction Path of New Media User’s Thinking","authors":"Fu Yingqi","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p69","url":null,"abstract":"Under the background of the current new media era, the traditional one-way information receiver has gradually become the two roles of information publisher and receiver. In the past, the means of information transmission have undergone drastic changes, the monopoly of the media itself has begun to fall apart, and the audience has become users, whose choice of new media directly affects the future development of the media. Therefore, for new media, the construction of user thinking can not be ignored.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126951107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Time-Sensitive Networking, also known as TSN, is a deterministic network based on traditional Ethernet. It offers a bunch of standards or profiles specified by IEEE 802.1 task group which has been evolved from the former IEEE802.1 Audio Video Bridging task group. In Automotive Industry, especially in ADAS domain, TSN backbone communication will gradually merge with or even replace the traditional in-vechile communication like CAN/CANFD/LIN/MOST/FlexRay due to below properties, it plays a key bridge role in heterogeneous SOC communication network.
{"title":"TSN-Based Automotive E/E Architecture","authors":"Yang Hu","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p60","url":null,"abstract":"Time-Sensitive Networking, also known as TSN, is a deterministic network based on traditional Ethernet. It offers a bunch of standards or profiles specified by IEEE 802.1 task group which has been evolved from the former IEEE802.1 Audio Video Bridging task group. In Automotive Industry, especially in ADAS domain, TSN backbone communication will gradually merge with or even replace the traditional in-vechile communication like CAN/CANFD/LIN/MOST/FlexRay due to below properties, it plays a key bridge role in heterogeneous SOC communication network.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132520217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the important contents of China’s agricultural construction is vegetable planting, and most of the vegetable planting technology is relatively backward. The commonly used greenhouse planting technology is simply using special mechanical planting management methods, which cannot realize real-time monitoring of crop growth. In order to optimize the crop growth environment and improve the yield, a smart agricultural monitoring and management system based on PLC and MCGS configuration technology is designed. The system combines PLC technology, configuration technology and sensor technology to complete the overall structure design of the control system, and separately explains the hardware design, software design and operation and debugging of the system. The experimental results show that the system can remotely monitor and control the growing environment of crops, such as soil moisture, gas temperature and humidity, light intensity and other parameters, and the operation and maintenance are convenient, which provides a reference method for the intelligent development of agriculture.
{"title":"Design of Smart Agricultural Monitoring and Management System","authors":"Zhang Bin, Lin Xiaodan, Jiao Renlei","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p52","url":null,"abstract":"One of the important contents of China’s agricultural construction is vegetable planting, and most of the vegetable planting technology is relatively backward. The commonly used greenhouse planting technology is simply using special mechanical planting management methods, which cannot realize real-time monitoring of crop growth. In order to optimize the crop growth environment and improve the yield, a smart agricultural monitoring and management system based on PLC and MCGS configuration technology is designed. The system combines PLC technology, configuration technology and sensor technology to complete the overall structure design of the control system, and separately explains the hardware design, software design and operation and debugging of the system. The experimental results show that the system can remotely monitor and control the growing environment of crops, such as soil moisture, gas temperature and humidity, light intensity and other parameters, and the operation and maintenance are convenient, which provides a reference method for the intelligent development of agriculture.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133938356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Making full use of the truth value definitions of sentences with quantification, possible world semantics and/or fuzzy logic, one can prove the validity of generalized modal syllogisms. This paper shows that the proof of the validity of a generalized modal syllogism can be transformed into that of its corresponding generalized syllogism, and that the generalized syllogism obtained by removing all modalities in any valid generalized modal syllogism is still valid. Therefore, the simplest way to screen out valid generalized modal syllogisms is to add modalities to valid generalized syllogisms, and then to delete all invalid syllogisms by means of the basic rules with which valid generalized modal syllogisms should meet. And then the remainders are valid. This paper illustrates how to obtain 12 valid generalized modal syllogisms by adding necessary modalities and/or possible modalities to any valid generalized syllogism. The two kinds of syllogisms discussed in this paper are composed of sentences with quantification which is the largest number of sentences in natural language. Hence, this innovative research can provide theoretical support for linguistics, logic, artificial intelligence, and among other fields.
{"title":"How to Obtain Valid Generalized Modal Syllogisms from Valid Generalized Syllogisms","authors":"Jing Xu, Xiaojun Zhang","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p45","url":null,"abstract":"Making full use of the truth value definitions of sentences with quantification, possible world semantics and/or fuzzy logic, one can prove the validity of generalized modal syllogisms. This paper shows that the proof of the validity of a generalized modal syllogism can be transformed into that of its corresponding generalized syllogism, and that the generalized syllogism obtained by removing all modalities in any valid generalized modal syllogism is still valid. Therefore, the simplest way to screen out valid generalized modal syllogisms is to add modalities to valid generalized syllogisms, and then to delete all invalid syllogisms by means of the basic rules with which valid generalized modal syllogisms should meet. And then the remainders are valid. This paper illustrates how to obtain 12 valid generalized modal syllogisms by adding necessary modalities and/or possible modalities to any valid generalized syllogism. The two kinds of syllogisms discussed in this paper are composed of sentences with quantification which is the largest number of sentences in natural language. Hence, this innovative research can provide theoretical support for linguistics, logic, artificial intelligence, and among other fields.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126956082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to the charge momentum and charge kinetic energy, it is proved that the key problem of the basic theory of Bohr hydrogen atom is that equation does not hold. For the same electron of the hydrogen atom, the left side of the equation is the mechanical kinetic energy, the right side of the equation is the charge energy, the fundamental properties and the concept of energy are split. Based on experiments, this paper analyzes and calculates the combined energy of hydrogen, lithium and oxygen atoms, hydrogen atom radius and the ground state energy of hydrogen atom are obtained. This ground state energy is basically consistent with the Balmer system of hydrogen atomic spectrum ; Electron around the nuclear velocity . hydrogen atom radius is calculated by using energy , which verifies the correctness of charge momentum and charge kinetic energy and their experimental basis. The ground state energy atom and radius of Bohr hydrogen is derived under the condition that the basic theory has problems and the theoretical formula is set to , which has no experimental basis. The fundamental problem of quantum mechanics is that the theoretical formula of photoelectric effect is not correct, which is demonstrated in this paper. The relationship between the structure of hydrogen atom and the evolution of the universe is also discussed.
{"title":"Discussion on the Problems of Bohr’s Hydrogen Atom Theory in Basic Theory","authors":"Y. Lixin","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p18","url":null,"abstract":"According to the charge momentum and charge kinetic energy, it is proved that the key problem of the basic theory of Bohr hydrogen atom is that equation does not hold. For the same electron of the hydrogen atom, the left side of the equation is the mechanical kinetic energy, the right side of the equation is the charge energy, the fundamental properties and the concept of energy are split. Based on experiments, this paper analyzes and calculates the combined energy of hydrogen, lithium and oxygen atoms, hydrogen atom radius and the ground state energy of hydrogen atom are obtained. This ground state energy is basically consistent with the Balmer system of hydrogen atomic spectrum ; Electron around the nuclear velocity . hydrogen atom radius is calculated by using energy , which verifies the correctness of charge momentum and charge kinetic energy and their experimental basis. The ground state energy atom and radius of Bohr hydrogen is derived under the condition that the basic theory has problems and the theoretical formula is set to , which has no experimental basis. The fundamental problem of quantum mechanics is that the theoretical formula of photoelectric effect is not correct, which is demonstrated in this paper. The relationship between the structure of hydrogen atom and the evolution of the universe is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"358 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133162373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cloud computing provides resources to its consumers as a service. The cloud computing paradigm offers dynamic services by providing virtualized resources via the internet for enabling applications, and these services are provided by large-scale data centers known as clouds. Cloud computing is entirely reliant on the internet to provide its services to consumers. Cloud computing offers several advantages, including the fact that users only pay for what they use weekly, monthly, or yearly, that anybody with an internet connection may use the cloud, and that there is no need to purchase resources, hardware, or software on their own. This paper proposes an efficient task scheduling algorithm based on the Jaya algorithm for the cloud computing environment. We evaluate the performance of our method by applying it to three instances. The recommended technique produced the optimal solution in makespan, speedup, efficiency, and throughput, according to the findings.
{"title":"Task Scheduling Optimization in Cloud Computing by Jaya Algorithm","authors":"A. Hamed, M. K. Elnahary, Hamdy H. El-Sayed","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p30","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud computing provides resources to its consumers as a service. The cloud computing paradigm offers dynamic services by providing virtualized resources via the internet for enabling applications, and these services are provided by large-scale data centers known as clouds. Cloud computing is entirely reliant on the internet to provide its services to consumers. Cloud computing offers several advantages, including the fact that users only pay for what they use weekly, monthly, or yearly, that anybody with an internet connection may use the cloud, and that there is no need to purchase resources, hardware, or software on their own. This paper proposes an efficient task scheduling algorithm based on the Jaya algorithm for the cloud computing environment. We evaluate the performance of our method by applying it to three instances. The recommended technique produced the optimal solution in makespan, speedup, efficiency, and throughput, according to the findings.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133190083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heritage trees are long-lived trees or notable trees with great historical significance, scientific value, or commemorative importance. Many heritage trees have been preserved in Weifang City, Shandong Province, Northern China. In this paper, the origin, species diversity, age structure, health, surrounding habitats, distribution, genera floristic composition, and challenges of protecting the heritage trees were investigated using literature analysis, field survey, and interview. There are 864 heritage trees in the city, composed of 49 species, 41 genera, and 25 families. The heritage trees are divided into three original types: religious trees, naturally dispersed and preserved wild trees, and trees with agricultural backgrounds or used as offerings. Particularly, Sophora japonica, Ziziphus jujube, Ginkgo biloba, Sabina chinensis, Platycladus orientalis, and Osmanthus fragrans are the six most common species. There are 208 individuals of 500 years or elder, 293 individuals of 300–499 years old, 359 individuals of 100–299 years old, and 4 individuals of notable trees. Most of them are distributed in low-urbanized areas of the 4 county-level cities and Linqu county, and few are distributed in high-urbanized areas of the 4 districts of Weifang City. There are 14, 12, and 6 genera belonging to the areal-types of Temperate, Cosmopolitan, and Tropic, respectively, similar to that of wild seed plants in Yishan Mountain. There are some challenges in protecting heritage trees, such as urbanization, habitat deterioration, natural disasters, anthropic activities, health decline, and inadequate management. Some protection measures that have been taken previously are summarized, and some measures that should be taken in the future are proposed.
{"title":"Protecting Heritage Trees in Weifang City, Shandong Province, Northern China","authors":"Liyan Qi, Yuntao Zhang, Xuliang Zhang","doi":"10.22158/asir.v7n2p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p1","url":null,"abstract":"Heritage trees are long-lived trees or notable trees with great historical significance, scientific value, or commemorative importance. Many heritage trees have been preserved in Weifang City, Shandong Province, Northern China. In this paper, the origin, species diversity, age structure, health, surrounding habitats, distribution, genera floristic composition, and challenges of protecting the heritage trees were investigated using literature analysis, field survey, and interview. There are 864 heritage trees in the city, composed of 49 species, 41 genera, and 25 families. The heritage trees are divided into three original types: religious trees, naturally dispersed and preserved wild trees, and trees with agricultural backgrounds or used as offerings. Particularly, Sophora japonica, Ziziphus jujube, Ginkgo biloba, Sabina chinensis, Platycladus orientalis, and Osmanthus fragrans are the six most common species. There are 208 individuals of 500 years or elder, 293 individuals of 300–499 years old, 359 individuals of 100–299 years old, and 4 individuals of notable trees. Most of them are distributed in low-urbanized areas of the 4 county-level cities and Linqu county, and few are distributed in high-urbanized areas of the 4 districts of Weifang City. There are 14, 12, and 6 genera belonging to the areal-types of Temperate, Cosmopolitan, and Tropic, respectively, similar to that of wild seed plants in Yishan Mountain. There are some challenges in protecting heritage trees, such as urbanization, habitat deterioration, natural disasters, anthropic activities, health decline, and inadequate management. Some protection measures that have been taken previously are summarized, and some measures that should be taken in the future are proposed.","PeriodicalId":356167,"journal":{"name":"Applied Science and Innovative Research","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114521728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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