Journal of Environmental Management最新文献

{"title":"Systematic review of various activation methods of sulfate radical precursor for the degradation of PFAS in aquatic environments","authors":"Mahsa Khalili ,&nbsp;Ali Behnami ,&nbsp;Khaled Zoroufchi Benis ,&nbsp;Hazhar Jalal Ali ,&nbsp;Ehsan Aghayani ,&nbsp;Ali Abdolahnejad ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Pourakbar ,&nbsp;Reza Dehghanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Per</h3><div>and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), widely used in industrial production, pose significant environmental and health risks due to their stability and persistence. Recent research has highlighted the potential of sulfate radicals for degrading PFAS through the activation of precursors like peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and persulfate (PS) in oxidation processes. The present study systematically reviews various activation methods and corresponding efficiencies in removing PFAS in thermal, ultrasonic, photochemical, catalytic, and electrochemical processes. The review also explores the impact of pH, temperature, precursor concentration, and co-contaminants, on PFAS degradation efficiency. Additionally, it investigates the degradation mechanisms, including defluorination and carbon-carbon bond cleavage, providing insights into the pathways of PFAS breakdown. Despite the promising results, challenges remain on the potential formation of toxic by-products and the energy demands of activation methods. Addressing these issues may involve developing more efficient catalysts, optimizing conditions, and combining treatment processes. This review offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners, contributing to the advancement of PFAS remediation strategies and ultimately protecting human health and the environment from these persistent pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125409"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in MnO2/MnO2-based materials catalytic ozonation process for water and wastewater treatment","authors":"Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiangjuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Huiyu Dong ,&nbsp;Carmen Sans","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) utilizes catalysts to enhance the adsorption and decomposition of ozone (O₃), promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and improve the removal of organic compounds, thereby overcoming some disadvantages of ozonation. MnO₂/MnO₂-based materials are widely used as catalysts for HCO due to their multi-valent Mn species, environment friendliness, abundant resources, and high efficiency. This review aims to provide an overview of the advancements in HCO using MnO₂/MnO₂-based materials, focusing on their preparation, structural characteristics, catalytic performance, and proposed mechanisms. In particular, the effects of MnO₂ synthesis methods on the crystalline structure and morphology of catalysts are discussed. Then, the catalytic performances of various catalysts involving different phases, morphologies, and facets are compared. Subsequently, the enhanced applications of MnO₂-based catalysts in HCO for water treatment are described, including metals doping, metal oxides combination, and MnO₂-carrier. Furthermore, approaches of ROS identification are clarified, and the mechanisms of strengthening catalytic ozonation efficiency by MnO₂/MnO₂-based catalysts are summarized, containing redox couple theory, oxygen vacancy theory, complexation theory, and surface hydroxyl theory. Finally, the potential applications and perspectives of MnO₂/MnO₂-based catalysts are proposed. This review plans to bridge the gap between research and practical applications, providing new insights into the application of HCO technologies in water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125493"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystallinity- dependent heteroaggregation and co-sedimentation between polystyrene nanoplastics and iron (hydro)oxides","authors":"Jingyi He ,&nbsp;Pingxiao Wu ,&nbsp;Leiye Sun ,&nbsp;Jiayan Wu ,&nbsp;Tianming Wang ,&nbsp;Jieyu Liu ,&nbsp;Sheng Liu ,&nbsp;Nengwu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron (hydro)oxides (IOs) with different crystallinities are widespread in the aquatic environment. They coexist with nanoplastics (NPs) and tend to interact with each other. The properties of minerals can greatly influence the heteroaggregation of minerals and NPs, being manifested not only in the heteroaggregation capacity but also in the interaction mode. This study investigated the heteroaggregation and co-sedimentation between polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) and IOs with different crystallinity. We found that the zeta potential of IOs increased with rising IOs crystallinity. DLVO calculations indicated stronger electrostatic attraction between negatively-charged NPs and highly-crystalline IOs, resulting in greater heteroaggregation capacity. In addition, the heteroaggregation capacity of PSNPs with IOs declined as the pH value and ion strength increased. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analyses indicated that there was strong hydrogen bonding between IOs with high crystallinity and PSNPs, contributing to a greater heteroaggregation capacity of PSNPs on highly-crystalline IOs than low-crystalline IOs. Zeta potential measurements revealed that negatively charged PSNPs heteroaggregated on the surface of positively charged IOs, capable of neutralizing or even reversing the surface charge. This, in turn, affected the sedimentation of IOs-PSNPs agglomerates and their fate. These findings elucidated the key role of crystallinity on the heteroaggregation between IOs and PSNPs, and offered insight into their environmental fate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125472"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing climate change impact of blue ammonia via carbon capture and utilization in life cycle modelling","authors":"Mutaz Chahrour,&nbsp;Christina Wulf,&nbsp;Petra Zapp","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia production represents a fundamental aspect of the global chemical industry. It is a significant contributor to carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, and it is necessary that innovative methods be developed to reduce its climate impact. This study assesses the environmental impact of blue ammonia production incorporating carbon capture and utilization (CCU) through a novel Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, based on the latest guidelines from the Together for Sustainability (TfS) initiative. This analysis is centred on three systems: grey ammonia (System A), blue ammonia with in-process carbon capture (System B), and blue ammonia utilizing system expansion via direct air capture (DAC) (System C). The results demonstrate that the production of grey ammonia in Germany generates 3.12 kgCO_2eq per kg of ammonia, predominantly due to emissions from steam methane reforming (SMR). The incorporation of in-process CO₂ capture in blue ammonia (System B) results in a climate impact of 1.79 kgCO_2eq for the functional unit of 1 kg ammonia plus 1.85 kg of succesfully captured CO₂. The implementation of system expansion via DAC (System C), as recommended by the TfS guidelines, results in a further reduction of ammonia emissions to 2.64 kgCO_2eq, in comparison to System A. This approach also yields a net negative impact of −0.85 kgCO_2eq for the captured CO₂ co-product, enabling the realization of the shared incentivization objective articulated in the suggested guideline. The regional scenarios convincingly demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves varying levels of success, often leading to more polarized incentivization. The future scenario will significantly enhance the benefits of CCU and the utilization of CO₂ as a co-product. However, this will be at the expense of incentivizing the production of blue ammonia. This work advances the methodologies for LCA of multi-functional CCU systems, demonstrating the potential for shared incentives in the transition to a new ammonia generation system as a prime example. Nonetheless, it also highlights limitations in regions where the energy source is dominated by fossil fuels or where the energy source is fully renewable. The current TfS framework methodology proposition is therefore a short-term solution to promote the sustainable production of blue ammonia with CCU applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125438"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avifaunal communities as indicators of silvicultural impacts in mangrove forests","authors":"Giovanna Wolswijk ,&nbsp;Tom Bernard ,&nbsp;Jani Sleutel ,&nbsp;Lea Fourchault ,&nbsp;Jean Hugé ,&nbsp;Behara Satyanarayana ,&nbsp;Farid Dahdouh-Guebas","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve (MMFR) in Malaysia is suggested to be a global reference for sustainable silviculture, the impact of greenwood extraction on local biodiversity and ecological functionality remains under-researched. To fill this gap, a rapid biodiversity assessment was conducted using birds as ecological indicators to investigate the effect of mangrove silvicultural management on avian communities. Changes in the diversity of bird species and dietary guilds in response to forest age and management were assessed using the point-count method with visual and auditory observations. This was done in both “productive” forests, consisting of even-aged <em>Rhizophora</em> plantations producing poles and charcoal, and in “protective” forests where extractive activities are prohibited. Remarkably, all avifaunal functional guilds were present in both young “productive” and “protective” forests, however the “productive” forests supported fewer bird assemblages in terms of species richness and total taxonomic diversity compared to the floristically rich and structurally complex “protective” forests. The bird species’ response to silvicultural disturbances also varied, with adverse effects especially occurring in functionally specialized species. Furthermore, back mangroves and transition zones to terrestrial forests were found to support a higher avifaunal diversity, possibly because of the enhanced habitat heterogeneity. Finally, this study highlights the use of bird communities as ecological indicators for assessing the quality of mangrove forests, and emphasises the crucial role of habitat and landscape heterogeneity in supporting diverse avifauna and ecosystem functionality highlighting the need for more research integrating mangroves and adjacent ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125414"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How a research community constructs and uses naturalness: A case study of the 2023 Lookout Fire and the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in Oregon, USA","authors":"Claire Rapp ,&nbsp;Michael Paul Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfire severity is increasing in the western United States. Simultaneously, many recognize that fire is a natural process and advocate for learning to live with fire. Indeed, the <em>naturalness</em> of fire can be an important reason provided to increase the amount of fire on a landscape. However, “naturalness” can be interpreted in incommensurate ways, such as the historic range of variability of a system or the absence of human influence. What makes wildfires feel natural or unnatural to the people who experience them, and how naturalness affects reactions to wildfires is underexplored. Using social representations theory, we examine the 2023 Lookout Fire at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA). We use semi-structured interviews (n = 40) to explore how the research community associated with the HJA mentally constructs and uses naturalness to emotionally process and make meaning from the wildfire. We find even in a community with advanced training in ecology, respondents use a variety of metrics to determine naturalness, including ignition source, fire behavior, and pre-fire landscape characteristics and fire history. Respondents consider a variety of factors, and there was not consensus on whether the Lookout Fire was a “natural” fire. In general, respondents who described the fire as more natural were able to come to a state of acceptance and excitement for future research opportunities sooner than respondents who described the fire as largely unnatural. This has important implications for wildfire risk communication for scientists and practitioners who want to restore fire as a <em>natural</em> process. While fires perceived (or framed) as natural may be more readily accepted, fires perceived as unnatural may take longer to process. Fires perceived as human-caused and especially as climate-exacerbated may be the most difficult for people to process after and during the fire, and may have the most resistance for being managed for purposes other than full suppression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125467"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale investigation of hydrate pore habits and microscopic seepage mechanisms for optimizing CO2 storage in high-porosity sediments","authors":"Chao Lyu ,&nbsp;Wenyu Lyu ,&nbsp;Qiang Sun ,&nbsp;Yongping Wu ,&nbsp;Panshi Xie ,&nbsp;Guoliang Li ,&nbsp;Hailiang Jia ,&nbsp;Yun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrate-based CO₂ storage (HBCS) has emerged as a promising approach within carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, offering a potential pathway for mitigating CO₂ emissions. The permeability of hydrate-bearing sediments (HBSs) is crucial for predicting the feasibility of HBCS, yet the seepage mechanisms become quite complex during the formation or dissociation of hydrates. The objective of this paper is to investigate the hydrate pore habits and the evolution of key physical properties at both macroscopic and microscopic scales, utilizing an integrated set of methodologies such as CT scan, nuclear magnetic resonance and ultrasonic pulse methods, and present a theoretical equation that correlates P-wave velocity with permeability for HBSs. The results indicate that the theoretical equation effectively explains the correlation between P-wave velocity and permeability. Formations with a lower initial water saturation and a higher proportion of type Ⅱ pores (ranging from 0.1 to 200 μm) were found to promote high-efficiency CO₂ storage. During CO₂ hydrate formation, the pore structure becomes progressively more complex, and hydrates are initially formed in the pore center at saturations around 0–10 %. The occurrence pattern transitions from a pore-filling pattern to a grain-coating pattern as hydrate saturation increases. The theoretical equation relating P-wave velocity to permeability is useful for assessing the permeability of HBSs. These findings provide valuable insights into HBCS in porous media and contribute to the selection of potential CO₂ storage sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125513"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translocating deadwood in ecological compensation benefits saproxylic beetles, but effects are dependent on substrate density","authors":"Olov Tranberg ,&nbsp;Therese Löfroth ,&nbsp;Anne-Maarit Hekkala ,&nbsp;Mari Jönsson ,&nbsp;Timothy Work ,&nbsp;Heloise Gibb ,&nbsp;Lukas Holmström ,&nbsp;Jörgen Sjögren ,&nbsp;Joakim Hjältén","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecological compensation is increasingly used to offset habitat and biodiversity loss resulting from changes in land use, large infrastructure projects (e.g., roads and railroads) or industrial expansions (e.g., mines, harbours), but the effectiveness of specific compensation strategies remain largely untested. When old-growth forest ecosystems are impacted by such projects, designated compensation areas may also require additional restoration or habitat enrichment. For organisms that rely on habitats that require decades to develop, such as advanced decayed wood, restoration will require novel approaches. We tested whether translocation of deadwood of various decay stages and large dimensions enhance saproxylic beetle communities within compensation areas in a large boreal forest landscape in Sweden. Experimental plots (50 m in diameter) within the compensation zone were enriched with 0, 16, or 48 deadwood substrates. We collected beetles using flight intercept traps prior to translocation and again 1 and 4 years after translocation and compared species richness, abundance and assemblage composition across treatment and over time. We showed that translocation of relatively high densities of deadwood (48 substrates per plot) increased species richness of saproxylic beetles. Increased beetle richness could have occurred from direct transport of beetles in experimental substrates and/or through attraction of beetles to the translocated substrates. Our results indicate that translocation of deadwood can serve as an important tool in ecological compensation and restoration if sufficient amounts of deadwood are translocated. While promising, the long-term success of restoring saproxylic biodiversity through translocation of deadwood depends on whether translocated substrates continue to provide suitable habitat for beetles over time and whether benefits for biodiversity can be enhanced through targeted translocation of specific combinations of deadwood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125448"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations between catchment-scale farm infrastructure densities and stocking rate to stream nutrient concentrations in dairy-dominant catchments","authors":"Jonah Lee Bas ,&nbsp;Andrew W. Western ,&nbsp;Robert Sargent ,&nbsp;Wei Wen Wong ,&nbsp;Perran Cook ,&nbsp;Anna Lintern","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen and phosphorus pollution is a critical environmental issue that causes eutrophication of water bodies. High concentrations of these nutrients primarily come from agricultural areas and are driven by catchment characteristics such as climate, hydrology, topography, geology, land use, and land cover. In addition to these factors, specific farming practices – particularly, the use of dairy farm infrastructure and management of stocking rate – also influence stream nutrient concentrations. However, the extent of the influence of specific farming practices and their relative importance in determining nutrient concentrations in waterways remain unknown. In this paper, we used data from an agriculturally-intensive dairy farming region to investigate these relationships. We used statistical analyses and modelling to determine relationships between concentrations of ammonium (NH₄⁺), filterable reactive phosphorus (FRP), nitrogen oxides (NOx), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) with 26 predictors which include farm infrastructure density and stocking rate. We found that farm infrastructure and operational characteristics such as effluent pond density, dairy shed density, and stocking rate are consistently important predictors that influence concentrations of NH₄⁺, FRP, NOx, TP, and TN during both wet and dry weather periods. This paper has shown that in addition to established factors such as land use and land cover, specific farming practices also play a role in influencing stream nutrient concentrations. By identifying key infrastructure and stocking rate as drivers of stream nutrient concentrations, this research emphasized the need for targeted management strategies to mitigate the impacts of agricultural activities on water quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125431"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based spatial optimization of green and cool roof implementation for urban heat mitigation","authors":"JiHyun Kim ,&nbsp;Suyeon Choi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Panahi ,&nbsp;Dan Li ,&nbsp;Yeonjoo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intensifying urban heat extremes require efficient mitigation strategies; therefore, we propose a methodological framework for optimizing the implementation of urban green and cool roofs to reduce heat stress while maximizing their cost-effectiveness. In particular, we develop a surrogate model based on the deep learning algorithm Multi-ResNet, which is trained on data generated by the physically-based Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with an urban canopy model (WRF-UCM). We applied this framework to the Greater Seoul region under the SSP585 climate scenario for 2090–2099 with projected 2100 land cover and evaluated 262,144 scenarios for cool and green roof allocation across 379 urban grids. Our results showed that, at the current cost of green roofs, the Pareto optimal scenario involves implementing cool roofs over 89.2 % of urban areas. This scenario would reduce the total effective heat stress index by 8.8 % compared to the business-as-usual scenario while decreasing costs by 19.6 %. We identified an optimal cost range of 117.4–146.1 $/m over 40 years for green roofs to become cost-effective and more widely adopted. Our approach demonstrates the potential of deep learning techniques to provide efficient quantitative assessments with lower computational demands (from 3561 h with the WRF-UCM to 72 h), potentially supporting climate-resilient urban building planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125398"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}