Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.37040/geografie2021126030319
T. Zavadil, Vít Jančák
In the developed countries the share of agriculture in employment and economy is small, but a large proportion of land is used for agricultural purposes. Therefore, farmers have a significant influence on the form of landscape and land use. The goal of this article is to explain how the landscape form and land-use structure in Czechia are influenced by the farmers’ decisions. In the article mainly qualitative data were used. The analysis is based on the results of fifteen semi-structured interviews with farmers in the model area. The results of the study showed that farmers in Czechia have a significant influence on the landscape form and land-use structure, whereas these decisions mainly depend on their motivation to farm in a specific form. The results also showed that social capital doesn’t have any direct influence on the landscape form and land-use structure in Czechia.
{"title":"Farmers shaping the landscape: how do they influence the form of landscape and land use structure in Czechia?","authors":"T. Zavadil, Vít Jančák","doi":"10.37040/geografie2021126030319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2021126030319","url":null,"abstract":"In the developed countries the share of agriculture in employment and economy is small, but a large proportion of land is used for agricultural purposes. Therefore, farmers have a significant influence on the form of landscape and land use. The goal of this article is to explain how the landscape form and land-use structure in Czechia are influenced by the farmers’ decisions. In the article mainly qualitative data were used. The analysis is based on the results of fifteen semi-structured interviews with farmers in the model area. The results of the study showed that farmers in Czechia have a significant influence on the landscape form and land-use structure, whereas these decisions mainly depend on their motivation to farm in a specific form. The results also showed that social capital doesn’t have any direct influence on the landscape form and land-use structure in Czechia.","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87629521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.37040/geografie2021126030289
Tomáš Hejda, L. Kupková
Alpine treeless is a unique phenomenon in Czechia occupying the largest area in the Krkonoše Mts. and the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. Since the time of colonization, the landscape of the alpine treeless in both mountain ranges has experienced a turbulent development that has been variable in space and time. The aim of the article is to compare the development of land use of the alpine treeless in the Krkonoše Mts. and the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the driving forces that caused the changes there, through a literature search. The results show a lack of studies focused on the development of land use in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. The biggest differences in the land use of both mountain ranges started in the seventeenth century, when the phenomenon of so called “huts farming” came to the Krkonoše Mts. as the main driving force. This phenomenon prevailed in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. much later and only very sporadically and locally. Other driving forces of landscape change are mining, deforestation, afforestation, and tourism.
{"title":"Changes in land use of the Krkonoše Mts. and the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. alpine treeless: a summary of the current state of knowledge and a comparison of historical development","authors":"Tomáš Hejda, L. Kupková","doi":"10.37040/geografie2021126030289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2021126030289","url":null,"abstract":"Alpine treeless is a unique phenomenon in Czechia occupying the largest area in the Krkonoše Mts. and the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. Since the time of colonization, the landscape of the alpine treeless in both mountain ranges has experienced a turbulent development that has been variable in space and time. The aim of the article is to compare the development of land use of the alpine treeless in the Krkonoše Mts. and the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the driving forces that caused the changes there, through a literature search. The results show a lack of studies focused on the development of land use in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. The biggest differences in the land use of both mountain ranges started in the seventeenth century, when the phenomenon of so called “huts farming” came to the Krkonoše Mts. as the main driving force. This phenomenon prevailed in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. much later and only very sporadically and locally. Other driving forces of landscape change are mining, deforestation, afforestation, and tourism.","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82051807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.37040/geografie2021126030243
Jakub Jelen, M. Šantrůčková, Marek Komárek
Historical cultural landscapes represent numerous values and meanings that are important for today’s society. These cultural landscapes document the specific development of local communities and may reflect their approaches or attitudes toward the environment. Man-made landscape elements are created for special purposes and represent specific values (historical, cultural, environmental, economic, etc.). The analysis of these landscape elements allows us to find out for what purposes the society decided to use the landscape, respectively what functions the landscape performs and what historical or cultural values it represents. The following text presents a typology of historical cultural landscapes based on a cluster analysis of cultural landscape features. Using this method, a typology of landscapes is created that reflects the functional use and values of landscapes based on the analysis of cultural-historical elements and differentiates the rates and methods of land use by human beings. The output of the cluster analysis is visualized in a dendrogram, based on which seven basic landscape categories were defined and described.
{"title":"Typology of historical cultural landscapes based on their cultural elements","authors":"Jakub Jelen, M. Šantrůčková, Marek Komárek","doi":"10.37040/geografie2021126030243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2021126030243","url":null,"abstract":"Historical cultural landscapes represent numerous values and meanings that are important for today’s society. These cultural landscapes document the specific development of local communities and may reflect their approaches or attitudes toward the environment. Man-made landscape elements are created for special purposes and represent specific values (historical, cultural, environmental, economic, etc.). The analysis of these landscape elements allows us to find out for what purposes the society decided to use the landscape, respectively what functions the landscape performs and what historical or cultural values it represents. The following text presents a typology of historical cultural landscapes based on a cluster analysis of cultural landscape features. Using this method, a typology of landscapes is created that reflects the functional use and values of landscapes based on the analysis of cultural-historical elements and differentiates the rates and methods of land use by human beings. The output of the cluster analysis is visualized in a dendrogram, based on which seven basic landscape categories were defined and described.","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85024802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.37040/geografie2021126030263
Alena Rýparová
The article focuses on the topic of sharing food using digital platforms (websites, social media, mobile applications). These activities have been on the rise in Czechia since 2015 and are, therefore, a new and dynamic phenomenon. Digital sharing can make a significant contribution to reducing food waste and making the most of existing resources. First, we will briefly introduce the initiatives in Czechia and then we will focus on those for which the digital form is crucial. Based on semi-structured interviews with the organizers of selected sharing platforms, we will answer what motivations people in Czechia must have to establish these initiatives. We will also show that there is a difference in approach to the topic of food waste and sustainable food consumption between initiators and platform users. While the organizers are usually strongly aware of the need to address the environmental problem of waste, users show so-called quiet sustainability, where they act in an environmentally friendly way without their primary motivation.
{"title":"Digital food sharing: motivation and practice of sharing in Czechia","authors":"Alena Rýparová","doi":"10.37040/geografie2021126030263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2021126030263","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the topic of sharing food using digital platforms (websites, social media, mobile applications). These activities have been on the rise in Czechia since 2015 and are, therefore, a new and dynamic phenomenon. Digital sharing can make a significant contribution to reducing food waste and making the most of existing resources. First, we will briefly introduce the initiatives in Czechia and then we will focus on those for which the digital form is crucial. Based on semi-structured interviews with the organizers of selected sharing platforms, we will answer what motivations people in Czechia must have to establish these initiatives. We will also show that there is a difference in approach to the topic of food waste and sustainable food consumption between initiators and platform users. While the organizers are usually strongly aware of the need to address the environmental problem of waste, users show so-called quiet sustainability, where they act in an environmentally friendly way without their primary motivation.","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73467384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-26DOI: 10.37040/geografie2021126020169
L. Šídlo, Jan Bělobrádek, K. Maláková
In Czechia general practical medicine represents the bulk of basic primary healthcare both in terms of the number of doctors and the range of services provided. For the healthcare system to function effectively as a whole requires sufficient capacity and the even distribution of providers across the country. As observed throughout Europe, a key risk is the age structure of the general practitioner population, with most of the capacity being provided by older practitioners, which could affect overall primary care access in the future. In Czechia, the general practitioner age structure is skewed, with the proportion of older age groups continually increasing. This article analyses changes in selected indicators of the number, capacity and age structure of general practitioners at the regional level in 2010–2019 and identifies regions where general healthcare access may be at risk. These areas are often rural and, as the specially created municipality typology shows, the pace of change differs along an urban vs rural line.
{"title":"General medical practitioners in Czechia: development trends and regional differences","authors":"L. Šídlo, Jan Bělobrádek, K. Maláková","doi":"10.37040/geografie2021126020169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2021126020169","url":null,"abstract":"In Czechia general practical medicine represents the bulk of basic primary healthcare both in terms of the number of doctors and the range of services provided. For the healthcare system to function effectively as a whole requires sufficient capacity and the even distribution of providers across the country. As observed throughout Europe, a key risk is the age structure of the general practitioner population, with most of the capacity being provided by older practitioners, which could affect overall primary care access in the future. In Czechia, the general practitioner age structure is skewed, with the proportion of older age groups continually increasing. This article analyses changes in selected indicators of the number, capacity and age structure of general practitioners at the regional level in 2010–2019 and identifies regions where general healthcare access may be at risk. These areas are often rural and, as the specially created municipality typology shows, the pace of change differs along an urban vs rural line.","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81217580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-26DOI: 10.37040/geografie2021126020195
Filip Vrbík, Pavlína Netrdová
The aim of this paper is to gain insight into the dynamics of spatial differentiation of unemployment on the municipal and microregional levels in Czechia. The spatial patterns of unemployment are quantitatively evaluated; and, based on these results, two microregions are chosen as case studies (Karvinsko and Jablunkovsko). These microregions are spatially close but underwent a totally different evolution in regional unemployment. Factors that affect different dynamics of unemployment are identified based on the analysis of their historical development and interviews with local agents. Thus, potential causes of dissimilar trajectories are revealed. The theoretical framework of the research is based on a combination of evolutionary and institutional approaches in economic geography that emphasize the role of history, continuity, local specifics and informal norms and practices in local and regional development.
{"title":"The development of spatial differentiation of unemployment in Czechia through evolutionary and institutional approaches: the example of the Karvinsko and Jablunkovsko regions","authors":"Filip Vrbík, Pavlína Netrdová","doi":"10.37040/geografie2021126020195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2021126020195","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to gain insight into the dynamics of spatial differentiation of unemployment on the municipal and microregional levels in Czechia. The spatial patterns of unemployment are quantitatively evaluated; and, based on these results, two microregions are chosen as case studies (Karvinsko and Jablunkovsko). These microregions are spatially close but underwent a totally different evolution in regional unemployment. Factors that affect different dynamics of unemployment are identified based on the analysis of their historical development and interviews with local agents. Thus, potential causes of dissimilar trajectories are revealed. The theoretical framework of the research is based on a combination of evolutionary and institutional approaches in economic geography that emphasize the role of history, continuity, local specifics and informal norms and practices in local and regional development.","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85698680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010010
Arnošt Wahla
{"title":"Journal of the Czech Geographic Society: Tradition of One Hundred Years","authors":"Arnošt Wahla","doi":"10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"25 1","pages":"10-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75039002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010041
Karol Husár
{"title":"Areas of Land-Cover Forms and Calculation of Their Morphometric Parameters","authors":"Karol Husár","doi":"10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"8 1","pages":"41-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89357064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-04DOI: 10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010059
B. Janský
{"title":"Geographical Research of Natural Lakes at Charles University: a Long Tradition","authors":"B. Janský","doi":"10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/GEOGRAFIE1996101010059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"11 1","pages":"59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78293559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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