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Attractive geographical themes and topics from the perspective of students (2000−2021): A systematic review 从学生的角度来看,有吸引力的地理主题和主题(2000 - 2021):系统回顾
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.009
Veronika Korvasová
Geographical themes and topics are some of the factors that influence the way geography is perceived by students. Geographical content can be key to geography’s appeal as a discipline and to improving its image to students and society. The aim of this systematic review is to identify geographical themes and topics that are attractive to students as well as the research methods that determined them. The studies were searched for through the Web of Science and Scopus using keywords. After setting the inclusion criteria (years, language, age of students), 12 relevant studies were identified. The results indicated that the topics of physical geography prevailed; natural hazards were mentioned the most because they directly affect humans’ lives. The students also enjoyed human geography topics. The themes and topics that were unpopular required abstract thinking or were not directly related to students’ everyday lives. This review emphasizes the students’ voices in geography education and provides insights regarding curriculum innovations in geography education.
地理主题和主题是影响学生对地理认知方式的一些因素。地理内容是提高地理学科吸引力的关键,也是提高地理学科在学生和社会中的形象的关键。本系统综述的目的是确定对学生有吸引力的地理主题和主题,以及确定这些主题和主题的研究方法。这些研究是通过Web of Science和Scopus使用关键词进行搜索的。在设定入组标准(年龄、语言、学生年龄)后,筛选出12项相关研究。结果表明:自然地理主题占主导地位;自然灾害被提及最多,因为它们直接影响人类的生活。同学们也很喜欢人文地理的话题。不受欢迎的主题和话题需要抽象思维,或者与学生的日常生活没有直接关系。本文强调地理教育中学生的声音,并对地理教育课程创新提出一些见解。
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引用次数: 0
Transformation of regional identity in Czechia: Case study of partly deinstitutionalized Bohemia and Moravia from the viewpoint of the Bohemian-Moravian borderland inhabitants 捷克地区认同的转变:从波希米亚-摩拉维亚边境居民的视角看部分去体制化的波希米亚和摩拉维亚
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.007
Petro Marek
The article discusses the transformation of regional identity – both “identity of region” and “regional identity of people” – of partly deinstitutionalized Bohemia and Moravia in Czechia. It aims to understand better the role of “new” regional identities in the transformation of “old”/historical regional identities. A questionnaire survey with 454 inhabitants of the Bohemian-Moravian borderland revealed the crucial impact of the “new” administrative regions, not respecting historical boundaries, in the transformation of the “old”/historical regions’ territorial shape. This is connected with a change in regional identity of people. The names of “new” regions play a crucial role here, but their catchment areas are also important. The regional identity of people can be seen as another substantial institution reproducing historical regions since people’s (non-)identification with historical regions contributes to the transformation of these regions‘ identity, too. The results also show that the Czech Lands still exist as perceptual regions in people’s consciousness and are important for the identification of many people and regional activism alike.
本文探讨了捷克部分去机构化的波希米亚和摩拉维亚的地域认同——“地域认同”和“人的地域认同”的转变。它旨在更好地理解“新”地域认同在“旧”/历史地域认同转变中的作用。对波希米亚-摩拉维亚边境地区454名居民进行的问卷调查显示,不尊重历史边界的“新”行政区域对“旧”/历史地区领土形态的转变产生了至关重要的影响。这与人们地域认同的变化有关。“新”地区的名称在这里起着至关重要的作用,但它们的集水区也很重要。人们的地域认同可以被看作是另一种再现历史区域的实体制度,因为人们对历史区域的(非)认同也有助于这些区域认同的转变。结果还表明,捷克土地仍然作为人们意识中的感知区域存在,对于许多人和区域行动主义的识别都很重要。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of the usefulness and relevance criteria for high-speed railway route construction projects: case study of Czechia 高速铁路线路建设项目有用性与相关性评价标准——以捷克为例
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.012
M. Viturka, V. Pařil, Martin Farbiak
The main goal of this article is to assess the effectiveness of the high-speed railway routes construction programme in Czechia according to the criteria of usefulness (with primary links to potential revenues) and relevance (with primary links to potential costs) as integral parts of applying the original methodology of multi-criteria evaluation of public projects within transport infrastructure. The first set of performed analyses focused on observing the development of relevant traffic flows. They were outlined based on data from the movement of mobile phone users and verified through surveys of passenger preferences and other indicators. The second set of analyses was based on an evaluation of relevant external (natural and social conditions) and internal (technical and operational conditions) factors. The practical benefit of these analyses is an evaluation of the position of the planned four routes in terms of the examined criteria. They represent an important basis for setting priorities as a strategic component of managing an investment programme.
本文的主要目标是根据有用性(与潜在收入的主要联系)和相关性(与潜在成本的主要联系)的标准来评估捷克高速铁路线路建设计划的有效性,作为应用交通基础设施内公共项目多标准评估的原始方法的组成部分。第一组分析侧重于观察相关交通流量的发展。它们是根据移动电话用户的移动数据概述的,并通过对乘客偏好和其他指标的调查加以核实。第二套分析是根据对有关的外部(自然和社会条件)和内部(技术和业务条件)因素的评价。这些分析的实际好处,是根据所审查的准则,评估规划的四条路线的位置。它们是确定优先次序的重要基础,是管理投资方案的战略组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
The perceived difficulty of content matter in geography tuition as a factor determining the origin of misconceptions 地理教学内容的感知难度是决定误解起源的一个因素
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.003
Tereza Kocová, Miroslav Marada
The study deals with the pupils’ and teachers’ perception of the geography content matter difficulty as a factor determining the origin of misconceptions. We assumed that the incidence of misconceptions will be higher with an increasing perceived difficulty of the content. The first part of the study examines the perceived difficulty of geographical topics by pupils and teachers. The second part is a didactic test verifying the occurrence of misconceptions on topics selected on the basis of perceived difficulty. The results indicate that students perceive the difficulty more “realistically” in line with the assumption that they will solve easy questions with greater success. Teachers’ estimates correspond to the occurrence of expected misconceptions. The study also noted differences in the perception of difficulty in the topics of physical and social geography. The present study underlines the importance of constructivist approaches in working with misconceptions in school.
本研究探讨了学生和教师对地理内容难度的认知是决定误解起源的一个因素。我们假设,随着内容难度的增加,误解的发生率会更高。研究的第一部分考察了学生和教师对地理主题的认知难度。第二部分是一个教学测试,验证基于感知难度选择的主题的误解发生情况。结果表明,学生们对困难的感知更加“现实”,这与他们将更成功地解决简单问题的假设是一致的。教师的估计与预期误解的发生相对应。该研究还指出,在自然地理和社会地理主题中,人们对难度的感知存在差异。本研究强调了建构主义方法在解决学校误解方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
Changes and dynamics of headwaters chemistry on the boundary of nature protected areas: Example of upper Blanice River catchment, Czechia 自然保护区边界上游化学变化与动态:以捷克布拉尼斯河上游集水区为例
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.001
Kateřina Fraindová, M. Matoušková, Z. Kliment, V. Vlach
Changes of biogeochemical parameters in the context of long-term trends and different rainfall-runoff conditions were examined with a special focus on various catchment characteristics. The study area is situated in the upper part of the Blanice River catchment, where more than 77% of the area belongs to a Protected Landscape Area and is unique for the most abundant population of the critically endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) in Central Europe. The Mann-Kendall test revealed a decrease of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds at the catchment outlet since 2003. The principal component analysis divided nine study catchments into three main groups according to biogeochemical composition (natural, partly anthropogenically influenced, subsurface drainage). Changes of biogeochemical parameters during different runoff conditions revealed a higher release of aluminium, CODMn, dissolved organic carbon and total phosphorus during heavy precipitation event, which could have a negative effect on the vulnerable ecosystem including freshwater pearl mussel.
研究了生物地球化学参数在长期趋势和不同降雨径流条件下的变化,并特别关注了不同流域特征。研究区域位于布兰尼斯河集水区的上部,超过77%的区域属于景观保护区,是中欧极度濒危的淡水珍珠贻贝(Margaritifera Margaritifera)种群最丰富的地方。曼-肯德尔测试显示,自2003年以来,集水口的氮和磷化合物有所减少。主成分分析根据生物地球化学组成(自然、部分人为影响、地下排水)将9个研究集水区划分为3个主要组。不同径流条件下生物地球化学参数的变化表明,强降水事件中铝、CODMn、溶解有机碳和总磷的释放量较高,可能对淡水珍珠贻贝等脆弱生态系统产生不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the daily mobility rhythms in an urban environment: using the data from intelligent transport systems 探索城市环境中的日常交通节奏:使用智能交通系统的数据
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.004
S. Kraft, Vojtěch Blažek, Miroslav Marada
The recent development of modern intelligent transport systems has caused a major innovation in the organization and management of traffic and enabled a pronounced integration of new data on the transport phenomena and processes. The goal of the study is to analyse the daily mobility rhythms in an urban environment through data from intelligent transport systems. To study daily mobility rhythms, we make use of hitherto unutilized data from inductive loops and strategic traffic detectors (parts of the ITS) within the urban area of České Budějovice, Czechia. We particularly focus on the assessment of overall daily mobility rhythms and the daily rhythms of individual locations within the urban area with a goal to reveal the main conformities and differences. The research has attained two key results. It was discovered that daily mobility rhythms differ especially in individual types of vehicles (cars, medium vehicles, and long vehicles). In the assessment of spatial differences in the daily rhythms of individual locations significant differences were revealed in the courses of daily mobility rhythms in the city centre, residential areas, and shopping areas.
现代智能运输系统的最新发展在交通的组织和管理方面引起了重大创新,并使有关运输现象和过程的新数据得以显著整合。该研究的目的是通过智能交通系统的数据分析城市环境中的日常交通节奏。为了研究日常交通节奏,我们利用了迄今为止未被利用的数据,这些数据来自捷克České bud jovice市区内的感应回路和战略交通探测器(ITS的一部分)。我们特别关注总体日常流动节奏的评估,以及城市区域内各个地点的日常节奏,目的是揭示主要的一致性和差异性。这项研究取得了两个关键成果。研究发现,在不同类型的车辆(轿车、中型车辆和长型车辆)中,人们的日常出行节奏各不相同。在城市中心、居民区和购物区日常流动节奏的空间差异评估中,发现了显著差异。
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引用次数: 7
Rural elementary school: variability of types in a diverse countryside 农村小学:多元化农村的类型变异性
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie2022127010075
Silvie R. Kučerová, Petr Meyer, Z. Kučera, K. Rybová, J. Šmíd
The article aims to discuss conditions of spatial organization of elementary schools in the Czech countryside and to validate whether there is any relation between the different types of rural schools and the diverse types of rural areas. Usually, rural schools are perceived in contrast to urban schools as a homogenous group of institutions with common characteristics – despite their diversity. The article compares the typology of municipalities according to data about elementary schools with the typology of municipalities according to its societal and cultural characteristics. Based on three indicators describing main characteristics of the school network – the number of elementary schools in a municipality, their average utilization of the maximum reported capacity, the average extent of area serviced by the school – eleven types of municipalities were identified. Statistically significant connections were shown between the two typologies. Rural schools thus should not be assessed as internally homogenous group of institutions with broadly common characteristics. This is because problems that rural schools face during their existence reflect wider societal, cultural, and economic conditions of areas in which they are located.
本文旨在探讨捷克农村小学的空间组织条件,验证不同类型的农村学校与不同类型的农村地区之间是否存在联系。通常,与城市学校相比,农村学校被认为是一组具有共同特点的同质机构,尽管它们各不相同。本文根据小学的数据对城市进行类型学研究,并根据城市的社会文化特征对城市进行类型学研究。根据描述学校网络主要特征的三个指标- -一个城市的小学数目、它们对报告的最大容量的平均利用率、学校服务的平均面积- -确定了11种类型的城市。统计上显著的联系显示在两种类型之间。因此,不应将农村学校评价为具有广泛共同特征的内部同质机构群体。这是因为农村学校在其存在期间所面临的问题反映了其所在地区更广泛的社会、文化和经济状况。
{"title":"Rural elementary school: variability of types in a diverse countryside","authors":"Silvie R. Kučerová, Petr Meyer, Z. Kučera, K. Rybová, J. Šmíd","doi":"10.37040/geografie2022127010075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37040/geografie2022127010075","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to discuss conditions of spatial organization of elementary schools in the Czech countryside and to validate whether there is any relation between the different types of rural schools and the diverse types of rural areas. Usually, rural schools are perceived in contrast to urban schools as a homogenous group of institutions with common characteristics – despite their diversity. The article compares the typology of municipalities according to data about elementary schools with the typology of municipalities according to its societal and cultural characteristics. Based on three indicators describing main characteristics of the school network – the number of elementary schools in a municipality, their average utilization of the maximum reported capacity, the average extent of area serviced by the school – eleven types of municipalities were identified. Statistically significant connections were shown between the two typologies. Rural schools thus should not be assessed as internally homogenous group of institutions with broadly common characteristics. This is because problems that rural schools face during their existence reflect wider societal, cultural, and economic conditions of areas in which they are located.","PeriodicalId":35714,"journal":{"name":"Geografie-Sbornik CGS","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90810886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The historical Sudetenland border and the current socio-spatial differentiation of Czechia: a quantitative look at the long-term impact of institutional changes 历史上的苏台德地区边界和捷克当前的社会空间分化:制度变化长期影响的定量分析
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.011
Matěj Korčák, Pavlína Netrdová
The expulsion of Germans after 1945 and the subsequent resettlement of the borderlands are among the most important processes that affected spatial distribution of population in Czechia during the 20th century. Although the former Sudetenland border existed officially only shortly, its effect on the socio-geographical organization of society is still apparent, even more than 50 years later. The border could be conceptualized as a phantom border which, despite its non-existence, impacts regional differences. The aim of the presented article is to evaluate the relationship of the former Sudetenland border with the current socio-spatial distribution of indicators related to regional identity, social stability, and human capital, using spatial and quantitative methods. The data are from the 2011 census and were analysed at the level of municipalities, which enabled a close examination of the effects of border proximity at the local level. A strong effect was confirmed for all indicators, proving the importance of historical context when interpreting the current socio-spatial differentiation.
1945年后对德国人的驱逐和随后对边境地区的重新安置是影响20世纪捷克人口空间分布的最重要进程之一。虽然前苏台德地区的边界在官方上只存在了很短的时间,但即使在50多年后,它对社会的社会地理组织的影响仍然很明显。边界可以被概念化为一个幽灵边界,尽管它不存在,但影响着区域差异。本文的目的是利用空间和定量方法,评估前苏台德地区边界与当前与区域认同、社会稳定和人力资本相关指标的社会空间分布之间的关系。这些数据来自2011年的人口普查,并在城市一级进行了分析,从而可以在地方一级仔细检查边境邻近的影响。所有指标都证实了强烈的影响,证明了历史背景在解释当前社会空间分化时的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Transformation of Czech cultural landscapes over the past two centuries: typology based on model areas 捷克文化景观在过去两个世纪的转变:基于样板区域的类型学
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie.2022.005
T. Janik, I. Bičík, L. Kupková
Central European landscapes have undergone massive changes since the mid 19th century. Various driving forces including industrialization and different political decisions led to the processes that have profoundly influenced society, landscape character, and also heritage. This article focuses on thirty model areas across Czechia that were selected as typical representatives of various types of landscape changes. Based on land use/cover data covering the mid-19th century and the present time (2018−2020), a cluster analysis was carried out and model areas grouped into types/clusters. The results show that the main dividing line runs between intensively and extensively used landscapes. The current data show this division in a very clear manner and add one more type – anthropogenic landscapes. This differs from the expert typology based on key landscape features. They are often not big enough to play a significant role in the analysis of land use/cover change.
自19世纪中期以来,中欧的景观经历了巨大的变化。包括工业化和不同的政治决策在内的各种驱动力导致了深刻影响社会,景观特征和遗产的过程。本文选取了捷克30个典型区域作为不同类型景观变化的典型代表。基于19世纪中期和当前(2018 ~ 2020年)的土地利用/覆盖数据,进行了聚类分析,并将模型区划分为不同类型/聚类。结果表明,主要的分界线在密集和广泛使用的景观之间。目前的数据非常清楚地显示了这种划分,并增加了一种类型-人为景观。这与基于关键景观特征的专家类型学不同。它们往往不够大,不足以在分析土地利用/覆盖变化方面发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 1
Grey greening: quiet sustainability at auto salvage yards 灰色绿化:汽车回收场安静的可持续性
4区 社会学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37040/geografie2022127010055
Pavel Mašek
Building upon my long-term ethnographic research at an auto salvage yard in Central Bohemia, I attempt to reveal through the lens of the ‘quiet sustainability’ concept that ‘greening’ can also be achieved quietly by the grey economy of breaking cars. The case of auto salvage yards shows that sustainability rises even through the yearning for profit. At auto salvage yards, economic meets eco-logic. Therefore, the unintentional sustainability reached by breakers opens space for debate on sustainability reached through the profit motive. While quiet practices leading towards sustainability might not lead to large-scale environmental or social changes, reaching sustainability through profitable practices seems to be a much more appealing way for many, with considerably larger pro-environmental consequences. Hence, these practices could provide inspiration for strategies towards a more sustainable society.
基于我在波西米亚中部的一个汽车回收场进行的长期人种学研究,我试图通过“安静的可持续性”概念的镜头揭示,“绿化”也可以通过打破汽车的灰色经济悄悄地实现。汽车回收场的案例表明,即使在对利润的渴望中,可持续性也在上升。在汽车修理厂,经济符合生态逻辑。因此,破坏者无意中达到的可持续性为通过利润动机达到的可持续性提供了辩论空间。虽然导致可持续发展的安静做法可能不会导致大规模的环境或社会变化,但对许多人来说,通过有利可图的做法达到可持续发展似乎是一种更有吸引力的方式,具有相当大的亲环境后果。因此,这些做法可以为实现更可持续社会的战略提供灵感。
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引用次数: 0
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