{"title":"Ocena infiltracji efektywnej we fragmencie doliny Bugu k. Dręszewa z wykorzystaniem metody wskaźnikowej i modelowania hydrodynamicznego","authors":"Angelika Szczypczyk","doi":"10.7306/2022.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47695944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A b s t r a c t. Handheld gamma-ray spectrometry (hGRS) is a valuable method for geological studies. It may be applied in correlations between well-logging and outcrop strata, enhance interpretations of sedimentological data, prospect radiogenic ores and geothermal resources, and identify radiogenic hazards for society. This paper aims to review and popularize one of the research methods based on a mobile device (hGRS) equipped with a BGO (bismuth germanium oxide) scintillator. The general concept of the research method is presented in this paper. The method’s perspectives and limits based on reviewed literature. Advantages of hGRS include, e.g., low cost, short data acquisition time, the possibility of studying natural exposures, and a broad set of research applications. The main disadvantages comprise relatively modest resolution of acquired data and their difficult interpretation in complex geological formations. The review is backed by sample measurements performed in various geological exposures at Bornholm Island (Baltic Sea). Measurements comprised igneous rocks exposed in several quarries and sedimentary profiles near Læså Valley and Muleby.
{"title":"Spektrometryczne profilowanie gamma w odsłonięciach geologicznych – metody i przykłady zastosowania","authors":"Damian Moskalewicz","doi":"10.7306/2022.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.31","url":null,"abstract":"A b s t r a c t. Handheld gamma-ray spectrometry (hGRS) is a valuable method for geological studies. It may be applied in correlations between well-logging and outcrop strata, enhance interpretations of sedimentological data, prospect radiogenic ores and geothermal resources, and identify radiogenic hazards for society. This paper aims to review and popularize one of the research methods based on a mobile device (hGRS) equipped with a BGO (bismuth germanium oxide) scintillator. The general concept of the research method is presented in this paper. The method’s perspectives and limits based on reviewed literature. Advantages of hGRS include, e.g., low cost, short data acquisition time, the possibility of studying natural exposures, and a broad set of research applications. The main disadvantages comprise relatively modest resolution of acquired data and their difficult interpretation in complex geological formations. The review is backed by sample measurements performed in various geological exposures at Bornholm Island (Baltic Sea). Measurements comprised igneous rocks exposed in several quarries and sedimentary profiles near Læså Valley and Muleby.","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zmiany natężenia przepływu w rzece Sztole (rejon olkuski) w warunkach drenażu górniczego","authors":"Damian Cień, J. Motyka, K. d’Obyrn","doi":"10.7306/2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47337025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maastrichtian succession of the Middle Vistula River section (central Poland), four taxa (Callaiosphaeridium bicoronatum, Odontochitina dilatata, Oligosphaeridium araneum and Samlandia paucitabulata) have been described as new. An analysis of the distribution of particular dinoflagellate cyst taxa enabled the development of a highly resolved biostratigraphic framework, calibrated against other biozonal schemes (based, among others, on inoceramid bivalves, ammonites and belemnites), formerly established for the succession. A comparison of the Middle Vistula River record with the dinoflagellate cyst ranges documented in other European successions enabled correlations with selected sections in Belgium, the Netherlands, southern Germany and northern Italy, and with the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary stratotype section in Tercis les Bains, southwest France. A palaeoecological analysis of the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and of other components of phytoplankton communities revealed a well-defined trend in sea-level fluctuations (likely of eustatic origin), and palaeoclimatic changes probably related to the latest Cretaceous cooling episode, as
在波兰中部的Vistula河中段的Maastrichtian演替中，4个分类群(Callaiosphaeridium bicoronatum, Odontochitina dilatata, Oligosphaeridium araneum和Samlandia paucitabulata)被描述为新的。对特定鞭毛藻囊群分布的分析使我们能够发展出一个高度确定的生物地层框架，并参照以前为演替而建立的其他生物分区方案(除其他外，以双壳类、菊石和蛭石为基础)进行校准。将维斯瓦河中部的记录与其他欧洲演替中记录的鞭毛藻囊肿范围进行比较，可以与比利时、荷兰、德国南部和意大利北部的选定剖面以及法国西南部Tercis les Bains的坎帕尼亚/马斯特里赫特边界层型剖面进行比较。对鞭毛藻囊群和浮游植物群落其他组成部分的古生态学分析揭示了海平面波动的明确趋势(可能是海平面上升的起源)，古气候变化可能与白垩纪晚期的降温事件有关
{"title":"Cysty Dinoflagellata z górnego kampanu i najniższego mastrychtu (górna kreda) profilu środkowej Wisły – stratygrafia i paleoekologia","authors":"M. Niechwedowicz","doi":"10.7306/2022.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.28","url":null,"abstract":"Maastrichtian succession of the Middle Vistula River section (central Poland), four taxa (Callaiosphaeridium bicoronatum, Odontochitina dilatata, Oligosphaeridium araneum and Samlandia paucitabulata) have been described as new. An analysis of the distribution of particular dinoflagellate cyst taxa enabled the development of a highly resolved biostratigraphic framework, calibrated against other biozonal schemes (based, among others, on inoceramid bivalves, ammonites and belemnites), formerly established for the succession. A comparison of the Middle Vistula River record with the dinoflagellate cyst ranges documented in other European successions enabled correlations with selected sections in Belgium, the Netherlands, southern Germany and northern Italy, and with the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary stratotype section in Tercis les Bains, southwest France. A palaeoecological analysis of the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages and of other components of phytoplankton communities revealed a well-defined trend in sea-level fluctuations (likely of eustatic origin), and palaeoclimatic changes probably related to the latest Cretaceous cooling episode, as","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of monitoring of landslides related to opencast mining. The landslides formed on the slopes of an artificial water reservoir in the Adamów open-cast lignite mine. The photogrammetric method was used for monitoring. The study of landslide activity was performed on the basis of six photogrammetric surveys made with the DJI Phantom 4 Advanced UAV. Changes in the landslide extent and vertical displacements were determined in five measurement periods. For four periods, differential digital terrain models were made and the volume of displaced earth masses was calculated. The future extent of the landslide was determined on the basis of cracks visible in high-resolution optical photos. The research has shown that UAVs equipped with an optical camera are very useful in monitoring the stability of slopes of post-mining water reservoirs. The applied method provided detailed data on the size of displacements without compromising on safety of people involved in field surveys.
{"title":"Monitoring fotogrametryczny z wykorzystaniem bezzałogowego statku powietrznego na przykładzie osuwiska zlokalizowanego na zboczach poeksploatacyjnego zbiornika wodnego w KWB Adamów","authors":"K. Karwacki","doi":"10.7306/2022.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.21","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of monitoring of landslides related to opencast mining. The landslides formed on the slopes of an artificial water reservoir in the Adamów open-cast lignite mine. The photogrammetric method was used for monitoring. The study of landslide activity was performed on the basis of six photogrammetric surveys made with the DJI Phantom 4 Advanced UAV. Changes in the landslide extent and vertical displacements were determined in five measurement periods. For four periods, differential digital terrain models were made and the volume of displaced earth masses was calculated. The future extent of the landslide was determined on the basis of cracks visible in high-resolution optical photos. The research has shown that UAVs equipped with an optical camera are very useful in monitoring the stability of slopes of post-mining water reservoirs. The applied method provided detailed data on the size of displacements without compromising on safety of people involved in field surveys.","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forabout 600 years Middle Jurassic iron ores had been mined in the Czêstochowa region. This process created many forms, among which mining and processing waste dumps are the best visible in this area. After the mining process had stopped, mass movements occured in the surface of the dumps. The paper presents specificity of landslides developed in dumps in the Czêstochowa region, intensity of this phenomenon and landslides activity. Mass movements are present in each dump higher than 40 m and broader than 300 m. The largest and highest dump slopes are all covered by a vast landslide zones, where rotational slides and complex slides dominates. Despite the fact that exploration of iron ores had ended about 40 years ago, a large number of dump landslides are still active or periodically active. Some of these signs of activity can be seen on Differential Digital Model (DDM).
{"title":"Charakterystyka osuwisk powstałych na hałdach po górnictwie rud żelaza w rejonie częstochowskim","authors":"Konrad Górka, A. Piotrowski","doi":"10.7306/2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"Forabout 600 years Middle Jurassic iron ores had been mined in the Czêstochowa region. This process created many forms, among which mining and processing waste dumps are the best visible in this area. After the mining process had stopped, mass movements occured in the surface of the dumps. The paper presents specificity of landslides developed in dumps in the Czêstochowa region, intensity of this phenomenon and landslides activity. Mass movements are present in each dump higher than 40 m and broader than 300 m. The largest and highest dump slopes are all covered by a vast landslide zones, where rotational slides and complex slides dominates. Despite the fact that exploration of iron ores had ended about 40 years ago, a large number of dump landslides are still active or periodically active. Some of these signs of activity can be seen on Differential Digital Model (DDM).","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the differentiation of landslides in Kraków city area, an artificial neural network method (multilayer perceptron) was used to determine the landslide susceptibility (LS). The calculations were performed in the r.landslide module. The network learning was carried out on the basis of 8 thematic layers (slopes, slope exposure, absolute height, relative height, convergence index, surface lithology, sub-Quaternary lithology, distance from tectonic discontinuities). For modelling, 434 points representing landslides and the same number of pointsoflocationswithoutlandslideswereused.Amongthesetofpoints,70%wasallocatedtothetrainingphase, 15%tothevalidationphase,and15%tothephase.Inordertoassessthenetworkperformance,basedontheresults of the test phase, a confusion matrix was made. Approximately 22% of the city’s area is susceptible to landslide occurrence(LS>0.05).Itoverlapexistinglandslidesandcoverareaswheretheyhavenotoccurredyet.Thegreatestnumberofareas susceptibletolandslideoccurrenceislocatedindistrictsX(54%ofthedistrictarea)andVII(47%).Therearealsothemostsusceptible areas (LS > 0.95). The sensitivity analysis implemented in the module showed that among the thematic layers used for modelling the slopes, convergence index, distance from tectonic discontinuities and sub-Quaternary lithology have the greatest impact on the landslide susceptibility.
{"title":"Podatność osuwiskowa obszaru Krakowa","authors":"Sylwester Kamieniarz","doi":"10.7306/2022.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.24","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the differentiation of landslides in Kraków city area, an artificial neural network method (multilayer perceptron) was used to determine the landslide susceptibility (LS). The calculations were performed in the r.landslide module. The network learning was carried out on the basis of 8 thematic layers (slopes, slope exposure, absolute height, relative height, convergence index, surface lithology, sub-Quaternary lithology, distance from tectonic discontinuities). For modelling, 434 points representing landslides and the same number of pointsoflocationswithoutlandslideswereused.Amongthesetofpoints,70%wasallocatedtothetrainingphase, 15%tothevalidationphase,and15%tothephase.Inordertoassessthenetworkperformance,basedontheresults of the test phase, a confusion matrix was made. Approximately 22% of the city’s area is susceptible to landslide occurrence(LS>0.05).Itoverlapexistinglandslidesandcoverareaswheretheyhavenotoccurredyet.Thegreatestnumberofareas susceptibletolandslideoccurrenceislocatedindistrictsX(54%ofthedistrictarea)andVII(47%).Therearealsothemostsusceptible areas (LS > 0.95). The sensitivity analysis implemented in the module showed that among the thematic layers used for modelling the slopes, convergence index, distance from tectonic discontinuities and sub-Quaternary lithology have the greatest impact on the landslide susceptibility.","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of the presented analysis was to investigate to what extent even minor changes in the hydrological and hydrogeological environment affect the changes in thedynamicsoflandslidesurfacedisplacement.Theresearchwascarriedoutforselectedmonitored landslides, which, in addition to the in-depth monitoring devices, were equipped with corner reflectors suitable for satellite radar interferometry measurements. The high temporal resolution of the interferometric data allowed demonstrating the existence of a relationship between the speed of surface movements and slight changes in the depth to the groundwater table. The analyses were performed for five landslides, which also showed a high dependence of these compounds on the geological structure of the landslide and its substrate.
{"title":"Monitoring dynamiki ruchów powierzchni osuwisk w warunkach zmiennego poziomu wód gruntowych z wykorzystaniem reflektorów radarowych","authors":"Z. Perski, T. Wojciechowski","doi":"10.7306/2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the presented analysis was to investigate to what extent even minor changes in the hydrological and hydrogeological environment affect the changes in thedynamicsoflandslidesurfacedisplacement.Theresearchwascarriedoutforselectedmonitored landslides, which, in addition to the in-depth monitoring devices, were equipped with corner reflectors suitable for satellite radar interferometry measurements. The high temporal resolution of the interferometric data allowed demonstrating the existence of a relationship between the speed of surface movements and slight changes in the depth to the groundwater table. The analyses were performed for five landslides, which also showed a high dependence of these compounds on the geological structure of the landslide and its substrate.","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
.Œlê¿aMassifisanisolatedgroupofhills,surroundedbyplains,locatedontheSudeticForelandwith the main tops of Œlê¿a and Radunia. This mesoregion covers an area composed of two structural units: Sudetic Ophiolite and Strzegom-Sobótka Granite Pluton. The present relief of the Œlê¿a Massif was formed mainly during thePleistoceneglaciations.Thisarticlepresentstheresultsoflandslideobservationsmadeinselectedlocationson the Œlê¿a Massif. Scientific works were carried out on the south-western, southern and eastern slopes of Œlê¿a (composedofgabbros),aswellasonthenorthernslopesofRadunia(serpentinites).Thisareaistheplaceofoccurrence of specific morphological forms with research history abundant in various concepts (among others: moraines of the Scandinavian ice sheet, congelifluction tongues, debris flows, fossil rockglaciers and landslides). Author’s research, based on field works and digital terrain model analysis, reveals that 15 inactive landslides exist at these locations. The forms are characterized by various morphometric parameters and different types of colluvial mass movements. Probably, they emergedasaresultoflatePleistoceneandearlyHoloceneclimatechanges.Author’sconclusionspartiallyconfirmsomeobservations and interpretations stated by Horwath in 1981 and by Traczyk and Kasprzak in 2014. Due to plenty of landslide evidence, the views about relict rock glaciers and other conceptions should be defined as incorrect. The forms require further detailed studies.
{"title":"Osuwiska Masywu Ślęży (Przedgórze Sudeckie)","authors":"Adam Karol Chaszczewicz","doi":"10.7306/2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.25","url":null,"abstract":".Œlê¿aMassifisanisolatedgroupofhills,surroundedbyplains,locatedontheSudeticForelandwith the main tops of Œlê¿a and Radunia. This mesoregion covers an area composed of two structural units: Sudetic Ophiolite and Strzegom-Sobótka Granite Pluton. The present relief of the Œlê¿a Massif was formed mainly during thePleistoceneglaciations.Thisarticlepresentstheresultsoflandslideobservationsmadeinselectedlocationson the Œlê¿a Massif. Scientific works were carried out on the south-western, southern and eastern slopes of Œlê¿a (composedofgabbros),aswellasonthenorthernslopesofRadunia(serpentinites).Thisareaistheplaceofoccurrence of specific morphological forms with research history abundant in various concepts (among others: moraines of the Scandinavian ice sheet, congelifluction tongues, debris flows, fossil rockglaciers and landslides). Author’s research, based on field works and digital terrain model analysis, reveals that 15 inactive landslides exist at these locations. The forms are characterized by various morphometric parameters and different types of colluvial mass movements. Probably, they emergedasaresultoflatePleistoceneandearlyHoloceneclimatechanges.Author’sconclusionspartiallyconfirmsomeobservations and interpretations stated by Horwath in 1981 and by Traczyk and Kasprzak in 2014. Due to plenty of landslide evidence, the views about relict rock glaciers and other conceptions should be defined as incorrect. The forms require further detailed studies.","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of multi-temporal LIDAR data in the study of landslides gives many possibilities. The increasing-over-timeavailabilityofALSdataencouragedresearchondevelopmentoflandslidesusingDifferentialDigital Terrain Models. An important passive factor that determines the development of landslides (especially in the Carpathians) is lithology. The author propose a new lithological displacement index, that dscribes the volume of displaced ground (m3) per area of 1 m2 of a given lithological unit. The example of the test area of Ro¿nowskie Lake has shown that lithological displacement index can assess the landslide susceptibility, which is variable and depends on the amount of rainfall. During periods of heavy rainfall, large volumes of displaced rock masses were recorded in the thick-bedded formations. In dry periods, the trend is reversed.
{"title":"Litologiczny wskaźnik przemieszczeń materiału skalnego jako element oceny podatności stoków na osuwanie","authors":"M. Wódka","doi":"10.7306/2022.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7306/2022.23","url":null,"abstract":"The use of multi-temporal LIDAR data in the study of landslides gives many possibilities. The increasing-over-timeavailabilityofALSdataencouragedresearchondevelopmentoflandslidesusingDifferentialDigital Terrain Models. An important passive factor that determines the development of landslides (especially in the Carpathians) is lithology. The author propose a new lithological displacement index, that dscribes the volume of displaced ground (m3) per area of 1 m2 of a given lithological unit. The example of the test area of Ro¿nowskie Lake has shown that lithological displacement index can assess the landslide susceptibility, which is variable and depends on the amount of rainfall. During periods of heavy rainfall, large volumes of displaced rock masses were recorded in the thick-bedded formations. In dry periods, the trend is reversed.","PeriodicalId":35787,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Geologiczny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71111120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：