Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice最新文献

Aim: To evaluate the clinical performance of bioactive injectable resin composite vs nanohybrid resin composite in restoring carious posterior teeth.

Materials and methods: A total of 18 patients with 26 class I and II carious cavities were recruited. Teeth were divided into two groups (n = 13): group I: Bioactive injectable resin composite (Beautifil Flow Plus X F00) while group II: Nanohybrid resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram) and were restored according to the manufacturer's instructions. The restorations were evaluated using the modified USPHS criteria at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed with a significant level set at (p ≤ 0.05). Using the Chi-squared test and Cochran's Q test. The survival rate was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests.

Results: Inter- and intra-group comparisons showed no statistically significant difference between bioactive injectable resin composite and nanohybrid resin composite at different time intervals in terms of anatomical form, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, marginal staining, postoperative sensitivity. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between both materials regarding the overall survival rate after 18 months.

Conclusions: The clinical performance of bioactive injectable resin composite and nanohybrid resin composite was similar and found to be clinically acceptable after 18 months of clinical use.

Clinical significance: Bioactive injectable resin composite can be used to restore occlusal anatomy as a nanohybrid resin composite in restoring posterior cavities with acceptable clinical performance.

Trial registration: It was registered in (www.

Clinicaltrials: gov) database in June 2022, with identification number NCT05499494. How to cite this article: Elderiny HM, Khallaf YS, Akah MM, et al. Clinical Evaluation of Bioactive Injectable Resin Composite vs Conventional Nanohybrid Composite in Posterior Restorations: An 18-Month Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(8):794-802.

Aim: Porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) restorations are essential in fixed prosthodontics for their strength and esthetics, but are prone to fractures due to material disparities and stress factors. This study evaluates the shear bond strength (SBS) of two porcelain repair systems for cohesive and adhesive fractures in conventional PFM and direct metal laser-sintered (DMLS) restorations, addressing clinical repair needs.

Materials and methods: Thirty metal-ceramic discs were fabricated and divided into two main groups based on the fabrication method: Conventional casting and DMLS. Each group had three subgroups: Conventional casting (A: Control, B: Cohesive defect, C: Adhesive defect) and DMLS (D: Control, E: Cohesive defect, F: Adhesive defect), each with 5 specimens. Shear bond strength was measured using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) at 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05), and Tukey's post hoc test was used for significant differences. Student's t-tests compared SBS between control groups.

Results: A one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in SBS among Conventional Casting subgroups (p < 0.001). Subgroup A (36.282 ± 1.692 MPa) had higher SBS than B (13.202 ± 1.336 MPa) and C (17.033 ± 1.634 MPa), with Tukey's test confirming significant differences (p < 0.001). For DMLS subgroups, subgroup D (37.768 ± 0.560 MPa) had higher SBS than E (22.381 ± 1.137 MPa) and F (13.245 ± 0.693 MPa), with Tukey's test showing significant differences (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between subgroups A and D (p = 0.10). Subgroup E had a higher SBS than B (p < 0.001), and subgroup C had a higher SBS than F (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: This study offers insights into the performance of two porcelain repair systems, aiding clinicians in selecting effective materials and techniques for PFM restoration repairs.

Clinical significance: Understanding the bond strength of these repair systems can enhance clinical outcomes by guiding the selection of optimal repair materials and techniques, improving the longevity and durability of fractured PFM restorations. How to cite this article: Irissan R, Mohan A, Augustine C, et al. In Vitro Analysis of Shear Bond Strength in Repaired Cohesive and Adhesive Fractures of Conventional and DMLS Porcelain-fused-to-metal Crowns. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(8):726-731.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate internal fit and marginal adaptation of posterior CAD/CAM crowns fabricated from partially crystallized lithium disilicate and fully crystallized lithium disilicate with two finish line thicknesses (0.5 mm chamfer and 1 mm round shoulder).

Methodology: In this in vitro study, 20 sound extracted human molar teeth were collected. The teeth were prepared using a dental surveyor. Teeth were divided into main groups: Group I partially crystallized e.max CAD (Em) and Group II fully crystallized Initial LiSi (Li). Each group was subdivided according to finish line thicknesses into 0.5 mm chamfer and 1 mm round shoulder finish lines. All samples were tested for internal fit by triple scanning technique and the marginal adaptation was measured by stereomicroscope before cementation.

Results: The results showed that the finish line thicknesses (0.5 mm chamfer,1 mm round shoulder) had no statistically significant effect on mean internal fit (p = 0.954). Ceramic types: Em and Li had no statistically significant effect on mean internal fit (p = 0.902). Regarding the marginal adaptation, Em showed statistically significantly higher mean marginal gap distance than Li (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The finish line thicknesses did not affect the internal fit or marginal adaptation values. Ceramic types did not affect the internal fit values. The marginal adaptation of Em was lower than Li.

Clinical significance: GC Initial Lisi produced comparable results to the gold standard IPS e.max CAD, thus it can be used due to its clinically acceptable internal fit and marginal adaptation. How to cite this article: ElGendy M, Sherif R, Rabie K. Internal Fit and Marginal Adaptation of Posterior CAD/CAM Crowns Fabricated from Fully Crystallized Lithium Disilicate Compared to Partially Crystallized Lithium Disilicate with Two Finish Line Thicknesses: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(8):740-744.

Aim and background: To find out which management methods are preferred by dentists in the private sector of Casablanca for a deep carious lesion or a pulp exposure during carious tissue removal in adult patients.

Materials and methods: A questionnaire consisting of 25 questions was sent to 300 randomly sampled dentists in Casablanca. Only specialists in conservative dentistry and endodontics and general practitioners were included. There were three clinical scenarios allowing to approach the therapy recommended by each practitioner according to the proposed pulp diagnosis, these three different scenarios were based on preoperative symptomatology: Healthy pulp, reversible pulpitis, and irreversible pulpitis. Data entry and analysis were carried out using Epi7 and the results were statistically analyzed.

Results: The survey was answered by 214 dentists,145 women and 69 men. Approximately 74.3% of the respondents always establish a pulp diagnosis before carious tissue removal. Approximately 56.54% use partial carious tissue removal techniques. During pulp exposure, 79.25% of the practitioners opted, respectively, for a direct pulp capping (DPC) in the case of healthy pulp and 46.7% in the case of reversible pulpitis, while no practitioner chose DPC in the case of irreversible pulpitis. In addition, 3.31, 27.83, and 4.23% opted for pulpotomy in cases of healthy pulp, reversible and irreversible pulpitis, respectively. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) and calcium hydroxide (CH) are the materials of choice for dentists in cases of partial caries removal. In the case of DPC, dentists use CH and Biodentine™ in particular.

Conclusions: Partial carious tissue removal techniques are not adopted by the majority of dentists. When faced with irreversible pulpitis, most dentists (93.33%) go directly to endodontic treatment in the case of deep carious lesion without pulp exposure. While 204 dentists (95.33%) preferred root canal treatment (RCT) too in the case of deep carious lesion with pulp exposure. The use of bioactive materials should be encouraged in the management of deep caries lesions and pulp exposure, Biodentine™ and MTA were chosen by 96 of the practitioners.

Clinical significance: Traditionally, the treatment of deep caries has been destructive, with removal of all carious dentin; however, the promotion of biologically based minimally invasive treatment strategies has been recommended to selectively (partially) remove caries and reduce the risk of pulp exposure. How to cite this article: Laslami K, Kharroubi SE, Moudrif M, et al. Management of Deep Caries Lesions: A Study among Dentists in the Private Sector of Casablanca, Morocco. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(8):751-757.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to assess the microleakage below orthodontic brackets after bonding with three different adhesive materials.

Materials and methods: In total, 75 healthy human premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic treatment were utilized in this investigation. The samples were divided into three groups of 25 samples randomly. Premolar brackets with stainless steel bondable 0.022 slot pre-adjusted edgewise appliances were utilized. Group I: Brackets bonded with Nanocomposite Filtek Z350 XT, group II: brackets bonded with Transbond XT, group III: brackets bonded with resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement-GC Fuji Ortho LC. A surveyor applied a 200 g weight to each bracket, making minor adjustments to ensure the adhesive thickness was consistent. Thermocycling was then carried out for 1000 cycles at 5 ± 2°C to 55 ± 2°C with a dwell time of 30 s and a transfer time of 5 s. The samples were incubated in a 0.5% basic fuchsine solution for a day. Every sample was inspected using a stereomicroscope with a ×16 magnification. The data were collected and analyzed.

Results: The least microleakage was found in Transbond XT adhesive group (1.84 ± 0.12), followed by Filtek Z350 XT (1.96 ± 0.08) and GC Fuji Ortho LC (2.44 ± 0.10) group. There was a highly significant difference between the different adhesive agent groups. There was a statistically significant difference found between Filtek Z350 XT vs GC Fuji Ortho LC and Transbond XT vs GC Fuji Ortho LC with a mean difference of -0.48 and 0.60, respectively. However, there was no significant difference between Filtek Z350 XT vs Transbond XT with a mean difference of 0.12.

Conclusion: Within the limitation, the present study concluded that the Transbond XT showed better adhesive properties and least microleakage compared with Filtek Z350 XT and GC Fuji Ortho LC.

Clinical significance: There are many undesirable side effects of orthodontic therapy, including cavities, demineralization, and discoloration of the enamel. Unpleasant "white-spot lesions" or secondary caries under and around the brackets can result from microleakage between the adhesive and the base of the orthodontic bracket as well as between the adhesive and the enamel. How to cite this article: Singh S, Brajendu, Haque I, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage below the Orthodontic Brackets after Bonding with Various Adhesive Agents: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(8):722-725.

Aim: This study evaluated effects of various solutions on color stability and surface hardness of a nanohybrid dental composite in simulated oral environments.

Materials and methods: Sixty-four composite disks were fabricated and randomly allocated into eight groups (n = 8 per group): Artificial saliva (AS), Biotene (B), passion fruit juice (PFJ), orange juice (OJ), Sprite (S), Coca-Cola (CO), apple cider vinegar (ACV), and cranberry juice (CJ). Specimens were immersed in respective solutions at 37°C for 28 days. Surface microhardness was assessed using Vickers microhardness test, and color alterations were quantified using SpectroShade Micro spectrophotometer. Measurements were taken 24 hours after initial polymerization and after 28-day immersion period. Statistical analysis was performed using mixed model ANOVA.

Results: After 28 days, specimens exhibited significant changes in microhardness and color. Polished surfaces showed microhardness decreases of 21.9-35.5%, with ACV and CJ causing largest reductions. Non-polished surfaces unexpectedly showed increased microhardness (11.2-17.4%). Color changes were more pronounced on polished surfaces, with CO and CJ causing maximum alterations. Statistical analysis revealed significant interactions between surface treatment, staining media, and immersion time (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: All experimental groups demonstrated significant changes, highlighting composite materials' susceptibility to environmental factors. Even well-polymerized and polished surfaces underwent alterations, emphasizing necessity for periodic follow-up and maintenance polishing in esthetic restorations.

Clinical significance: The present research emphasizes significance of oral environmental factors on composite restoration longevity and esthetics, advocating for patient education on dietary impacts and tailored maintenance strategies to preserve restoration quality. How to cite this article: Shetty P, Jayakumar HDN, Pulickal TJ, et al. Effects of Various Solutions on Color Stability and Surface Hardness of Nanohybrid Dental Composite Under Simulated Oral Conditions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(7):669-676.

Aim: The aim of this technique is to institute "Augmented Reality Tool" in the field of maxillofacial prosthesis for an accurate and precise iris positioning in a prosthetic eye.

Background: A congenital defect, irreversible damage, a painful blind eye, sympathetic ophthalmia, or the requirement for histological confirmation of a suspected illness can all result in the absence or loss of an eye. In such circumstances, meticulous preoperative, surgical, and prosthetic planning using a multidisciplinary approach is imperative for successful rehabilitation.

Technique: Augmented reality filter was used to provide precise mapping of facial landmarks and to aid in iris positioning. Smartphone device (S22) was used and artificial intelligence (AI)-generated Instagram application was unfurled and augmented reality (AR) filter was instituted. The filter available in the application made it possible to see and confirm the iris shell's location in three dimensions from various angles. The dimensions thus provided, aided in the correct positioning of the iris in the prosthetic eye.

Conclusion: Iris positioning stands as one of the crucial steps in fabricating a patient-specific ocular prosthesis. In the present case report, iris positioning was done using AI has provided an excellent esthetics results and patient compliance was met with satisfaction.

Clinical significance: Accurate positioning of iris can be done using AR tool which is popular, easily accessible, less technique sensitive, and can be performed with slightest efforts in small clinical set-ups. Relating to patient, it is comfortable, economic, and trouble-free procedure. How to cite this article: Zilpilwar NR, Nimonkar SV, Chitlange P, et al. Eye Mapping: Innovative Technique for Precise Iris Positioning in Prosthetic Eye. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(7):711-714.

Aim: Evaluating the fracture resistance of dental ceramics is essential for assessing their behavior. This study aimed to validate a custom load-to-fracture test for assessing fracture strength compared to a conventional method.

Materials and methods: Acoustic emission testing, a non-destructive (ND) lab test, was employed to evaluate the fracture toughness (FT) of brittle materials by capturing sound waves generated by crack formation in failing samples. A total of 130 samples, divided into three types (glass sheets, zirconia sheets, and monolithic zirconia crowns), were tested. The fracture loads were measured using both custom and conventional methods.

Results: The mean fracture loads for glass sheets were 650.46 N ± 110.38 (custom) compared to 691.41 N ± 155.92 (conventional). For zirconia sheets, the values were 95.25 N ± 7.78 (custom) vs 112.75 N ± 31.26 (conventional). Monolithic zirconia crowns showed mean fracture loads of 1108.99 N ± 327.89 (custom) compared to 1292.52 N ± 271.42 (conventional). Statistically significant differences were evident in all three types, indicating lower values with custom testing for all samples.

Conclusion: The custom testing demonstrated an advantage in identifying cracks at lower loads, thereby enhancing the accuracy of fracture load values. Despite its limitations, the study suggests that the custom setup could be a viable alternative to conventional fracture load testing of brittle materials. However, further testing with more materials is recommended to enhance the results' accuracy and generalizability.

Clinical significance: The findings indicate that the custom load-to-fracture test can provide more accurate measurements of FT in dental ceramics, which is crucial for predicting their clinical performance and longevity. How to cite this article: Haddad C, Eng JG, Zoghbi AE. The Acoustic Emission Testing in the Evaluation of Fracture Toughness of Brittle Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(7):617-623.

Aim: One of the preventive interventions for early childhood caries is the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF), which works uniquely in the prevention of caries. The suggested method to minimize the discoloration of SDF is the use of potassium iodide (KI). However, there are concerns about the bonding properties of dentin after the application of SDF-KI. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how SDF-KI affects composite resin microleakage in primary teeth.

Materials and methods: In this in vitro study, class V cavities were created on the buccal surfaces of 60 extracted primary canines. The samples were divided into three groups: Group I: 38% SDF solution was applied to the cavity; Group II: SDF-KI solution was applied to the cavity; and group III: the cavities were irrigated with distilled water. All cavities were filled with composite resin and subjected to a thermocycling regime (500 cycles). The dye penetration of samples was evaluated following a 24-h immersion in 1% methylene blue. Microleakage at the occlusal and gingival margins was evaluated using a stereomicroscope at 40× magnification. Data were analyzed using the Chi-squared test (p < 0.05).

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between microleakage scores at the occlusal margin (p = 0.128). At the cervical margin, the SDF-KI group had significantly more microleakage than the SDF and control groups (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: Applying the SDF-KI significantly increased microleakage in the cervical margin but had no significant effect on the occlusal margin.

Clinical significance: Regarding the beneficial effects of SDF in preventing and arresting dental caries, application of it before composite resin is suggested in controlling caries without the negative effects on microleakage. How to cite this article: Meraji A, Asadian F, Hekmatfar S. Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Potassium Iodide on Microleakage of Composite Resin in Anterior Primary Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(7):691-695.

Aim and objective: To evaluate and compare the impact of nanocoatings made of oxides of Aluminum, Titanium, and Zirconium, on the frictional resistance on three types of superelastic orthodontics archwires namely; nickel titanium, copper nickel titanium and low hysteresis nickel titanium.

Materials and methods: There are120 archwire segments of equal dimensions were divided into four groups (n = 30) with 10 samples each of low hysteresis superelastic archwires; NiTi archwires and CuNiTi archwires. While group A were uncoated, other groups were nanocoated with group B: Aluminum oxide; group C: Titanium dioxide; group D: Zirconium oxide respectively. Upper premolar metal brackets MBT 0.022 slot were used for testing. The frictional properties of the archwires were measured using a Universal testing machine equipped with a custom-made jig. Statistical tests including analysis of variance and post hoctests were used for analysis.

Results: The least frictional resistance among the three types of archwires was seen with low hysteresis(L&H) NiTi wires coated with ZrO₂ (3.1253 ± 0.45822 N) and the highest with uncoated CuNiTi archwires (7.1113 ± 1.29031 N). Among the nanocoatings, the least value was found for ZrO₂ nanocoatings followed by TiO₂, Al2O₃ and highest with uncoated archwires across all three types of archwires.

Conclusion: Low hysteresisNiTi have the least frictional resistance compared to CuNiTi and NiTi archwires. The findings also suggest that all the three metal oxide nanocoatings reduce frictional resistance significantly, among which, ZrO₂ nanocoatings were the most effective. This study underscores the potential efficacy of metal oxide nanocoatings in reducing archwire friction and, consequently, will improve orthodontic treatment efficiency and patient comfort. How to cite this article: Dilip S, Rajkumar K. The Effect of Three Metal Oxide Nanocoatings on the Frictional Resistance of Superelastic Orthodontic Archwires: A Comprehensive In vitro Analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(7):649-655.