Stomatologiya最新文献

Objective: Investigate the effect of platelet gel addition on the biological properties of 3D PLGA-based matrices impregnated with adenoviral constructs carrying the BMP2 gene.

Materials and methods: The matrices were obtained using antisolvent 3D printing. The release kinetics of adenoviral vectors from matrices were studied by spectrophotometry for the presence of viral DNA. The cytocompatibility of the matrices was assessed using the MTT test and by staining cells with fluorescent dyes. To assess the osteogenic differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), the expression of osteogenic marker genes analyzed using real-time PCR and the activity of alkaline phosphatase was determined spectrophotometrically.

Results: The studied gene-activated matrices based on PLGA and platelet gel demonstrated high cytocompatibility when incubated with MSCs. Viral particles released from the matrices effectively transduced cells and promoted the induction of osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. The inclusion of platelet-rich plasma into the gene-activated matrices enabled prolonged release of adenoviral constructs and a significantly enhanced cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.

Conclusion: The use of gene-activated matrices based on PLGA, platelet gel, and adenoviral constructs with the BMP2 gene will accelerate bone regeneration due to the synergistic action of the osteoinductor produced as a result of viral vectors transduction and the components of platelet-rich plasma.

Objective: Evaluation of the effectiveness of one-stage dental implantation and temporary prosthetics based on microhemodynamics and oxygenation data in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge.

Material and methods: A clinical and functional study was conducted after simultaneous dental implantation and temporary prosthetics in 80 patients. Depending on the temporary orthopedic structure used (removable/non-removable), patients are divided into 2 groups of 40 people each. The microcirculation index (M, perfect units), characterizing the level of tissue blood flow, was determined; the parameter "σ" (perfect units), determining the intensity of blood flow; the bypass index (PS, standard units), the index of perfusion oxygen saturation (Sm, %) and the index of specific oxygen consumption (U, %).

Results: The analysis of LDF results in group I showed that 3 days after the surgery, the blood flow level (M) and its intensity (σ) increased by 85% and 106%, respectively, and 104% and 88%, which indicated the development of hyperemia in the microcirculatory bed, which was stopped after 2 months in subgroup A and 3 months in subgroup B. In the second group, the dynamics of tissue blood flow 3 days after the surgery was similar, but microcirculation indicators were restored after 4 and 6 months. According to optical tissue oximetry (OTO) in the first group, 3 days after the surgery, the oxygenation indicator increased by 11% and 13% (subgroup A) and 6% and 18% (subgroup B), which indicated the development of tissue hyperemia, which was stopped after 2 months and 3 months after the surgery, respectively. In group 2 (subgroups A and B), oxygenation indicators were restored after 4 and 6 months, respectively.

Conclusions: After one-stage dental implantation and temporary prosthetics, microhemodynamics and oxygenation in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge were restored after 2 and 3 months, in group I, in group II the recovery periods were 4 and 6 months.

The implementation of the intraoral scanner has simplified the workflow of dentists in today's dentistry greatly, offering a fast and accurate alternative to traditional impression-taking methods and significantly streamlining the logistics process between the clinic and the dental laboratory. However, when working with edentulous patients with dental implants, intraoral scanners encounter a number of technical difficulties related to their optical-based capture and post-process algorithms, which can affect the accuracy of the data obtained. Despite progress, full digital workflow still lacks the analog silicone and stone accuracy and trueness in terms of linear and axial positioning of dental implants in casts. Nevertheless, the use of additional data sources during scanning, such as modified scan markers and auxiliary optical landmarks, can improve scan quality.

Background: The use of a full-thickness donor flap for lip defect closure requires a fundamental reconsideration.

Objective: The aim of the study was to develop and demonstrate the effectiveness of an original bioengineering construct using a combination of a free connective tissue graft, a free periauricular skin flap, and the patient's own platelet-rich plasma, rich in fibrin, for lip defect reconstruction.

Materials and methods: The study included 50 patients with lacerated lip wounds with soft tissue defects. PRF in the APRF modification was obtained from the patient's venous blood. The free connective tissue graft (CTG) was obtained traditionally from the patient's palate according to defect dimensions. The free skin flap (FSF) was harvested from the posterior surface of the earlobe, the wound edges were mobilized and sutured. In order to achieve prolonged stabilization of the defect edges and prevent conformational postoperative changes, circular muscle mobilization of the mouth was performed and fixed with an intramuscular guiding suture, along with the administration of Botulinum toxin type A (Microgen Relatox). Postoperatively, the patient underwent daily dressings, monitoring, and prevention of secondary infection. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were prescribed, as well as rabies and tetanus vaccinations.

Results: A bioengineering complex was developed for lip defect reconstruction, the novelty and effectiveness of which are confirmed by invention patents. There were no cases of necrosis or rejection of the transplanted material. The surgery and subsequent monitoring were conducted on an outpatient basis. Stitches were removed after 14 days from the main defect area, after 7 days from the earlobe, and after 5 days from the hard palate. Sensitivity of the reconstructed tissues appeared on average after 3-4 months. The structure and color of the red border were optimized after 4-5 months. Recovery of blood supply in the created bioconstruct in the middle area was observed after 2 weeks. Basic voluntary lip movements were possible after 1-2 months.

In certain clinical cases where orthograde treatment of chronic apical periodontitis is either impossible or ineffective, apical surgery with retrograde filling is considered the preferred method. When selecting a retrograde filling material, key factors such as biocompatibility, ability to provide a reliable seal, ease of use, and availability are taken into account. Despite numerous studies investigating the influence of various retrograde filling materials on the outcomes of apical surgery, there is still no consensus on the most effective material. Therefore, further research in this area remains an important and relevant task. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and glass ionomer cement as retrograde filling materials. The study included 40 patients diagnosed with chronic apical periodontitis (ICD-10 code K04.5). Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the first group (24 patients) received retrograde filling with the new material Dia-Root BioMTA, while the second group (16 patients) was treated with glass ionomer cement Ketac Cem. Healing dynamics were assessed using the periapical index (PAI) before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The results demonstrated a significant and sustained reduction of inflammation in both groups, with no statistically significant differences between them, indicating comparable effectiveness of the materials used.

The most important stage in the surgical treatment of chronic apical periodontitis is the creation of a sealed barrier that prevents the penetration of microorganisms outside the root canal. The choice of the most optimal material for retrograde sealing is a process that requires special attention. Many different types of sealing materials used in apical surgery are presented. In this article, we set out information about the most used materials and their properties. Today, preference in choosing a material for retrograde sealing is given to silicate cements, but, given the current limited data, there is not enough evidence to conclude about the advantages of one material compared to another.

Objective: To study the expression of NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in periodontal tissue cells of patients with aggressive periodontitis before and after complex treatment.

Material and methods: An immunohistochemical study of NLR expression (NOD1, NOD2, NLRC3, NLRP3, NLRP7, NLRP12, NAIP) was performed in periodontal tissue samples from patients with aggressive periodontitis before and after complex treatment, as well as in samples of the gingival mucosa of patients with gingival fibroids without signs of inflammation, who served as a control group.

Results: In the control group, NLR expression in the multilayer squamous epithelium of the gingival mucosa was not detected. In patients with aggressive periodontitis, during the exacerbation period, pronounced expression of all studied NLRs was revealed in the inflammatory infiltrate cells of the subepithelial tissues of the periodontal pocket, as well as NOD1, NLRP3, NLRP12 and NAIP in the nuclei and cytoplasm of the cells of the multilayer squamous epithelium of the periodontal pocket. During complex treatment, the expression of most NLRs in epithelial cells persists for 21 days, while it decreases in the inflammatory infiltrate cells of the subepithelial tissues of the periodontal pocket.

Conclusion: Statistically significant differences between IHC expression parameters before and after treatment according to the criterion of "inflammatory infiltrate" were found among such receptors as NAIP, NLRP12 and NLRP7.

The aim of the study: To study the possibilities of using digital dental techniques in the rehabilitation of a patient after surgical treatment of unilateral ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using the condylotomy method.

Material and methods: Digital dental techniques, the method of electronic axiography, cone-beam computed tomography, intraoral scanning, programs that allow compiling the obtained data into a general functional-dynamic model were used.

Results: The use of digital dental techniques in the rehabilitation of people after surgical treatment of unilateral TMJ ankylosis using condylotomy is advisable, since they are painless and safe for the patient. Standardization of the procedure allows obtaining reliable information, including during dynamic observation. Thanks to the use of a digital approach, it becomes possible to combine the results of individual digital methods into one functional model, which allows for a comprehensive analysis of the rehabilitation process.

Conclusion: The use of digital dental techniques is becoming a necessary step in dental rehabilitation and carries the prospects for further digital development of dentistry and MSF.

The aim the study. Assessment of the content of various trace elements in the intact tooth enamel of individuals genotyped by polymorphism G/G, G/A, A/A of the kallikrein-4 gene at mutational points G2664153A and G2142A.

Material and methods: Laboratory examination of 160 enamel samples of intact premolars of the upper jaws removed according to orthodontic indications in individuals with different genotypes of G/G, G/A and A/A of the kallikrein-4 gene at mutation points G2664153A and G2142A was carried out using X-ray spectral fluorescence analysis.

Results: In the intact tooth enamel of individuals with an increase in the frequency of polymorphism G/G of the kallikrein-4 gene, there is a significant increase in the concentration of fluorine, iron, strontium, silicon. In the intact tooth enamel of individuals with an increase in the frequency of polymorphism A/A of the kallikrein-4 gene, there is a significant increase in the concentration of magnesium, zinc, aluminum, sulfur, and chlorine. Concentrations of the main trace elements involved in remineralization (calcium and phosphorus) have no statistical significance in intact tooth enamel of individuals with both G/G polymorphism and A/A polymorphism of the kallikrein-4 gene at mutation points G2664153A and G2142A.

Conclusion: Mutation of the kallikrein-4 gene in positions G2664153A and G2142A is accompanied by a change in the quantitative content of a number of trace elements in the tooth enamel of individuals with polymorphisms G/G and A/A, without affecting the concentration of calcium and phosphorus.

The aim of the study: High precise evaluation of the premaxilla morphology is essential to perform detailed diagnosis and treatment plans in implantology and the orthodontic field. We aimed to study morphometric analysis measurements of the premaxilla.

Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, maxillary CBCT images from 208 patients were evaluated in the Maxillofacial Radiology department between 2014-2024. Sagittal views were assessed to determine thickness of the anterior part in three levels. The difference in canal diameter and length between genders was evaluated using an One Way ANOVA test.

Results: When determining the thickness of the alveolar ridge of the anterior part of the maxillary bone in the sagittal plane at the upper level, it was 11.00±1.65 mm in men and 10/70±1.78 mm in women (f=0.32), (p=0.811), at the lower level 5.62±0.97 mm in men and 5.35±0.78 mm in women (f=0.54), (p=0.66) and an average level of 6.05±141 mm in men and 5.70±1.18 mm in women (f=0.29), (p=0.83), respectively, statistically significant no gender difference was observed.

Conclusion: The average superior thickness of the maxillary anterior bone was 10.85±1.71 mm, the medium thickness was 5.87±1.29 mm, the inferior thickness was 5.48±0.87 mm, among Mongolian adults. We observed that the maxillary anterior bone thickness is increased from tip to base of the them.