Stomatologiya最新文献

Gene therapy is one of the most promising approaches in regenerative medicine for the restoration of extensive bone defects in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Matrices obtained using three-dimensional printing from bioresorbable polymers, impregnated with adenoviral constructs with genes for osteoinductive factors, can ensure safe and effective formation of bone tissue.

Objective: To study the properties of three-dimensional matrices based on polylactic-co-glycolic acid and adenoviral constructs with the GFP gene in vitro.

Materials and methods: The matrices were obtained by antisolvent three-dimensional printing. Transduction efficiency was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The cytocompatibility of the matrices was assessed by the MTT test and by staining cells with fluorescent dyes.

Results: Matrices based on polylactic-co-glycolic acid have high cytocompatibility on adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Impregnation of adenoviral vectors with the green fluorescent protein gene in 3D matrices ensures the release of viral particles within a week, maintaining their high transducing ability.

Conclusion: The developed method for obtaining gene-activated matrices can serve as the basis for the creation of effective osteoplastic materials for bone regeneration.

Aim: Studying the duration of treatment in patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome, and the relationship of the duration of treatment with the age of the patient at the beginning of therapy.

Materials and methods: The study was carried out using information from medical records of dental patients, information from additional examinations of patients who were treated at the National Medical Research Centre for Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Ministry of Health of Russia from 2016 to 2022. Statistical research methods: to evaluate the normality of the distribution, graphical methods were used, as well as the Shapiro-Wilk criterion.

Results: The duration of splint therapy in patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome varied from 4 to 27 months. The average duration of treatment of patients using occlusive splints was 10.5±5.3 months. Without abnormal observations, the average duration of splint therapy in patients with TMJ pain syndrome was 9.6±4.1 months. The obtained data allow stating the absence of a correlation between the age of patients and the duration of splint-therapy.

Conclusion: The majority of patients (68.4%) complete the splint therapy stage within 1 year, and a very small part (1.8%) are treated for more than 1.5 years. The duration of treatment of patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome does not depend on age or gender.

To analyze the respondents' attitudes to oral hygiene and to assess the need for professional oral hygiene in different regions of the Russian Federation based on the data of questionnaire analysis.

Objective: To obtain comparative data on the issues of individual and professional oral hygiene of patients of medical dental organizations in a number of Russian cities.

Material and methods: We conducted an anonymous questionnaire survey of 624 patients (18 to 70 years old) who applied to medical dental organizations of different forms of ownership in five regions of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Omsk, Ryazan, Samara, Tambov). Patients were interviewed using a specially designed questionnaire.

Results: The study involved patients of medical dental organizations from 5 regions of the Russian Federation, 57.2% of them were women and 42.8% men. In all cities more than 50% of the surveyed patients received care under the MHI program. More than 50% of the surveyed patients said that they tried to brush their teeth twice a day, the rest of the respondents said that they brushed their teeth only twice a day. Up to 27% of patients are not willing to comply with individualized dental care recommendations for various reasons.

Conclusions: Highly motivated patients to high-quality dental hygiene behavior are in minority; according to the results of the study, it can be stated that there is a high need for professional oral hygiene among the surveyed respondents. It is necessary to work with patients to improve hygienic knowledge, skills and motivation for quality oral hygiene.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the duration of fixation of adhesive films in the treatment of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa.

Material and methods: The patients were divided into 2 groups. In the first group, the affected area was covered with an adhesive film with solcoseryl, in the second group with a film with vitamin E. The film was glued to the affected area according to the instructions, the time of gluing was recorded, patients were warned about the need to notify researchers via messengers or SMS messages about the time of peeling or resorption of the film. The evaluation was carried out by the method of variation statistics (Student's t-test for independent samples).

Results: The retention time of the film in the oral cavity was expressed in minutes, the average value in group 1 was 48.4±9.19, in group 2 - 127.70±49.07. Thus, the fixation of the film with vitamin E was longer than the films with solcoseryl (p=0.000180).

Conclusion: Both films provided sufficient protective effect during the retention period. However, in clinical situations where a longer barrier protective effect to the damaged oral mucosa surface is required, it is advisable to use a vitamin E healing patch.

Classification of lower Impacted third molars position and their interrelationship with mandibular canal have a great scientific, theoretical and practical importance. An attempt to systematize and classify all anatomical impacted third molars position has been made by many authors. Based on our scientific literature search, we found: 8 impacted third molars classifications, 7 third molars and mandibular canal interposition classifications, as well as 5 classifications of mandibular canal anatomical branching variants. Most classifications are proposed by the author to predict third molar eruption perspective, determine level of operation complexity and prevent mandibular canal damage. New clinical classification development of impacted third molars interrelationship with mandibular canal, which combined the radiological PR, CBCT criteria, neurovascular bundle trauma prognosis, and operative technic choice can be actual.

The pandemic of coronavirus infection existed from 2019 to 2023. The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced on May 5, 2023 that the pandemic had ended. However, it does not cease to have an adverse effect on the health of the world population. Necrotic lesions of the bones of the facial skeleton are now a characteristic sign of a severe coronavirus infection. We conducted a review of scientific publications that reflected the relationship between coronavirus and necrotic processes of the skull bones, methods of treatment, prevention and the latest developments in this direction. The purpose of this article is to review existing studies on Post-Covid osteomyelitis of facial bones, its impact, features of the clinical picture of this disease, analysis of methods and means of treatment of this group of patients. Analysis of literature data has shown that the search for an ideal dressing material continues, especially the developments of native developers stand emphasized. The advantages of modern materials over traditional ones have become unquestionable, but further research in this direction is required.

The number of patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck is constantly growing. However, after a favorable outcome of complex treatment patients may experience adverse consequences. Surgeon should understand conditions of surrounding tissues that have undergone radiation therapy. It is necessary for special management because regenerative potential of postoperative wounds decreased. The search and development of effective wound dressings are aimed at reducing the risks of postoperative complications and improving the quality of life of this group of patients.

The article is devoted to the history of the formation of the system of assistance to maxillofacial wounded soldiers of the Voronezh Front during the battles for Voronezh in 1942-1943. The difficulties and achievements in the implementation of phased assistance to the wounded in the face, as well as the improvement of the organizational structure of surgical and dental care for soldiers and officers of the front are reflected.

Objective: To develop a protocol for setting artificial teeth in a complete removable denture without landmarks on the bite ridges.

Material and methods: Based on the analysis of the literature of various areas of dentistry and the clinical experience of doctors corresponding to each of the disciplines of the specialty, a protocol for setting teeth in a full prosthesis was developed and its theoretical justification was given.

Results: Using the method proposed by us, 324 prostheses were made for 162 patients with complete secondary adentia of two jaws. A clinical study and comparison with the generally accepted method of manufacturing prostheses using wax rollers was carried out. The method proposed by us showed greater efficiency based on a comparison of the results of functional tests after prosthetics.

Conclusion: The described method is part of the concept of manufacturing a functional prosthesis, is used in removable prosthetics, but can also be used in non-removable prosthetics, allows highly accurate, in accordance with individual anatomical parameters and features, to restore the occlusion of the patient during the reconstruction of the dentition, taking into account individual anatomical and functional parameters.

The case of treatment of a 32-year-old patient with complaints about the aesthetics of a smile and the absence of teeth 17 and 46 is presented. During the examination, it was established: the retraction position of the teeth in the frontal part of the upper jaw, the closure of the molars according to the II class of the second subclass of Engl (distal bite), the vestibular position of the teeth 13, 23. To change the spatial position of the lower jaw, the fixation of the bracket system on the upper jaw was performed. and also an individualized mini-plate was installed in the area of the zygomatic alveolar ridge on the right and left, for distalization of the dentition of the upper jaw with the help of orthodontic traction applied from the teeth to the mini-plates. This clinical example demonstrates the possibility of using individualized mini-plates for distalization of the upper dentition, as an alternative and more stable method of treatment in such clinical cases.