Stomatologiya最新文献

The aim of this study was to present a review on the effectiveness of the ketoprofen-based solution Ketoprofen-LOR and the ambazone-based antiseptic Faryngazone in dental practice. Original articles, meta-analyses and systematic reviews published in the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library from 2000 to 2025 were analyzed by keywords: «ketoprofen», «Ketoprofen-LOR», «ketoprofen lysine salt», «ambazone», «Faryngazone». Numerous literature data indicate safety and effectiveness of ketoprofen and ambazone drugs. Ketoprofen-LOR oral rinses and Faringazone absorbable tablets can be recommended for adults and children in the treatment of oral mucosa diseases of various etiologies, accompanied by inflammation and pain (traumatic, infectious and inflammatory lesions, gingivitis, postoperative conditions, etc.).

Single-stage dental implantation in the aesthetic zone of the upper jaw is currently a promising method for restoring the dentition, but it requires a highly qualified dental surgeon. The success of treatment depends on careful planning, taking into account the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the aesthetic zone of patients and the use of modern diagnostic methods, as well as strict adherence to treatment protocols. Analysis of modern scientific literature shows that long-term clinical studies are needed to determine optimal protocols, improve them and evaluate the long-term results of single-stage dental implantation in the frontal zone of the upper jaw. Further research should be aimed at developing new methods for preventing and treating aesthetic and functional complications.

The review examines modern approaches to modifying the degradation rate of implantable collagen- and hyaluronic acid-based matrices. The impact of synthetic and natural polymers with varying degrees of cross-linking and modification, used as additives, on the degradation rate of materials in hydrolytic and enzymatic environments is assessed. The mechanisms of component interactions and the influence of their structure on bioresorption processes are described. Approaches to the development of implantable medical materials based on biopolymers with controlled degradation properties and biocompatibility are proposed.

A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of anesthesia methods used in general medicine and dentistry has been carried out. The study highlights various methods of anesthesia, including general, regional and local anesthesia, as well as innovative methods such as computer-based monitoring of the depth of anesthesia and the use of ultrasound to accurately administer the anesthetic. In dentistry, local anesthesia is more often used, which minimizes pain and has fewer side effects. One of the key issues in anesthesiology is the effectiveness of anesthesia, which depends on many factors, including the type of surgery, the physiological characteristics of the patient, and economic components. The main sources of information for this work were scientific articles published in peer-reviewed medical journals. The main platforms for finding relevant literature were: PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar.

The aim the study: The choice of situational tasks to assess the knowledge of orthodontists about the management of patients with combined jaw deformities.

Materials and methods: An expert assessment of 13 situational tasks was carried out in relation to three categories: validity - compliance with real cases in clinical practice, clarity - a complete and adequate description of the case; complexity - the difficulty of solving the problem. The assessment by category was performed on a rating six-point scale based on a calculated integral coefficient (IC) equal to the sum of the ratings by category.

Results: The values of the Integral coefficient of the first round of estimates differ significantly, p≤0.001. The Duncan test identifies 9 homogeneous subsets. The estimates of tasks No. 10, 1, 9, 4, 3, 11 simultaneously form 4 groups of subsets for which a second round of evaluation is made. The integral coefficient of the points of the second round of the expert assessment is significantly different, p≤0.001. The Duncan test identifies 2 homogeneous subsets. The experts rated task No. 3 significantly higher (M=10.9). The integral coefficient of the third round of assessments of tasks 3.12.13 is significantly different, p=0.023, «reasonableness» (p=0.815) and «clarity» (p= 0.082) do not differ, the "complexity" of task 13 is higher than that of task 3 (p=0.026), differences in the "complexity" of tasks 3 and 12 (p=0.209), 12 and 13 (p=0.383) no. In the first round, the reasonableness (3.23±1.34 points), complexity (3.15±1.26), clarity (3.04±1.15) of the tasks did not significantly differ (0.055≤p≤0.422). In the second round, the reasonableness (2.98±0.89) of the tasks is higher than their complexity (2.52±0.86) and clarity (2.54±0.74), (p=0.005 and p=0.003), but the complexity and clarity of the tasks are the same (t=0.18, p=0.860). Reasonableness (5.67±0.48), complexity (5.38±0.49) and clarity (5.62±0.49) do not differ in the third round (0.058≤p≤0.763).

Conclusion: The situational tasks selected in the study are distinguished by an integral coefficient of validity, complexity and clarity higher than other evaluated tasks, which allows for a multi-level assessment of the knowledge of orthodontists in the management of patients with combined dental anomalies. Expert assessment is acceptable for validating situational tasks when identifying assessment categories.

The objective of the study is to analyze the system of organization and care of the patients with maxillofacial wounds and dental pathology, the feature of their evacuation, as well as progress in the treatment of maxillofacial injuries during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. It was noted that the elements of assistance system for the patients with maxillofacial wounds and their evacuation, as well as the proposed therapeutic methods used during the Great Patriotic War, had previously undergone detailed testing during the battles at Lake Khasan (1939) and the Khalkhin Gol (1939) and during Soviet-Finnish (Winter) war (1939-1940).The special activity of the medical service during the Great Patriotic War was evident in connection with the provision of medical care to the population and treatment at all stages, during which medical and medical measures were taken from the conditions of the military and health situation. Author presents data on the treatment of maxillofacial wounded in the army, military, front-line and inland regions. The author describes the success in the development and use of new methods for restoring the shape and function of damaged facial organs, which reduced the treatment and rehabilitation periods. This success ensured more than 81% of return for facial wounds patients, and 95.5% for the patients with isolated soft tissue injuries.

Objective: The aim the study is to improve the quality of treatment for patients with upper micrognathia after a series of surgeries for cleft lip and palate.

Material and methods: 15 patients were treated at the FSBI NMIC «TSNIIS and ChLH» with a diagnosis of upper micrognathia; a condition after a series of operations for unilateral cleft lip and palate. Measurements of the transversal dimensions of the upper jaw were performed based on the results of CBCT. Indications for surgical-assisted expansion of the upper jaw have been determined. At the first stage, the distraction device was modeled and installed, supported by 4 orthodontic implants with an expansion screw of - 10 mm. At the next stage of treatment, a surgically assisted extension of the upper jaw was performed: osteotomy along the lines of Le Fort I. 7 days after the operation, the distraction apparatus was activated: 2 turns in the morning and evening, 0.5 mm per day (1 turn - 0.25 mm). The duration of distraction was 20 days.

Results: After 6 months of using the distraction device, the necessary amount of movement of the upper jaw had been achieved. The average postoperative relapse of maxillary constriction was 0.93 mm. There was an improvement in the relationship between the front and side groups of teeth in the upper and lower jaws, as well as correction of the backward incisor overlap in the front group of teeth in the upper jaw. This indicates that the movement of the maxilla was not only in the transverse plane.

Conclusion: The study confirms the effectiveness of surgically assisted maxillary dilation as a method of correcting upper micrognathia in patients who have undergone a number of operations for cleft lip and palate. The use of an individualized distraction device based on orthodontic implants in combination with surgery ensures the necessary volume of expansion of the upper jaw and minimizes the risk of recurrence of narrowing, typical for patients in this group.

Aim: To compare the clinical results of treatment of patients with multiple gingival recessions class I and II according to Miller using the modified coronary advanced flap (MCAF) technique in combination with collagen matrix (CMX) and connective tissue graft (CTG).

Material and methods: The study included 20 patients with Class I and II Miller gum recessions in the area of 136 teeth. Recessions were divided into 2 groups, the first group was operated with a MCAF+CMX combination (test group), and the second one using MCAF+CTG (control group).

Results: Complete root closure was achieved in 87% of the teeth in the test group and 95% of the teeth in the control group (p<0.05). At 6 months the complete root coverage observed in 85% in the test group and 97% in the control group. The average width of the attached keratinized gum had an increase in values 3 mm in the test group and 3.3 mm in the control group. The recession depth decreased in both groups, but in the test group, the residual recession depth was 1.2 mm, and in the control group 0.7 mm. The thickness of the keratinized gum increased from 1.1 mm to 1.7 mm in the test group, and from 1.1 mm to 1.8 mm in controls. Surgery duration and postoperative pain in the test group were significantly lower compared to the control group.

Conclusion: The use of collagen matrix with cross-linked collagen can be an alternative to SST and can also be used in cases where it is not possible to use the donor resource of the palate. However, the use of collagen matrix leads to a lower growth of keratinized attached gingiva and does not always contribute to the complete elimination of gingival recessions.

Objective: Aim: To determine the current coefficients of transverse parameters for calculating the ideal width of the dental arch.

Material and methods: This study examined the ideal width of the dental arch, considering the anatomical dimensions of the jaws and teeth. Correlation between the mesiodistal dimensions of the upper incisors and the width of the dental arch in the premolar and molar regions was used to calculate index values. Patients with a history of orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study. The sample consisted of 500 young patients (18-44 years old) as categorized by WHO. Each participant underwent a dental examination and cone-beam computed tomography. Control-diagnostic models of dental arches were also obtained for further measurements. The width of the dental arches was measured with a caliper between selected points, allowing the determination of parameters in the premolar and molar regions of the upper and lower jaws. Statistical analysis was performed using StatTech v. 4.2.5 software, including the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to assess normality of distribution. Correlation evaluation was conducted using Pearson's coefficient, and a predictive model was developed via linear regression.

Results: By using occlusal points to measure the width of the dental arch in the premolar and molar regions, values applicable to both the upper and lower jaws were calculated. These points represent the contacts between the teeth of the upper and lower jaws during occlusion, ensuring normal alignment. Regression analysis was used to determine the calculated coefficients for the ideal width of the dental arch in the premolar and molar regions. The results obtained were transformed into molar and premolar coefficients.

Conclusion: Diagnosis of dental arch narrowing based on anthropometric parameters directly impacts the stability of orthodontic treatment outcomes. A combination of traditional anthropometric methods and modern technologies provides more precise and individualized diagnostics. This not only improves the accuracy of detecting dental arch narrowing but also allows for the selection of optimal orthodontic treatment strategies, leading to predictable and stable results while minimizing the risk of complications.

A clinical case of successful application of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to eliminate a large residual cavity after enucleation of a radicular cyst is described. The method is based on the use of biological substances that produce growth factors that stimulate reparative osteogenesis. A similar source of growth factors is PRF. According to the literature, it is able to reduce inflammation of periodontal tissues, preserve the location of the alveoli and eliminate defects in the alveolar bone, thereby enhancing bone regeneration and ensuring its good stability. PRF is easy to manufacture, does not require the appointment of anticoagulants, is resistant to stretching and elastic, while it can be used independently and in combination with various bone plastic materials. In our study, the use of PRF allowed not only to eliminate a large residual cavity after enucleation of a radicular cyst, which was confirmed by the results of cone beam computed tomography, but also to preserve the functionality of the teeth in an aesthetically significant area.