Stomatologiya最新文献

Objective: The aim of the study is measuring the magnitude and determining the method of finger pressure exerted by doctors on ceramic veneers during their fixation.

Material and methods: A simulation model was designed in order to measure the volume of finger pressure. Veneers were produced for 2 central incisors. Doctors alternately placed veneers on the model and applied pressure on them for 20 seconds simulating the clinical stage of cementing. The operator recorded the maximum readings of the scales and entered the result on the research protocol. In addition, it was recorded which finger the doctor exerts on the veneer during its cementing to ensure a tight fit: thumb or index finger.

Results: The values obtained during cementation of 54% doctors ranged up to 1 kg, 27% of doctors from 1 to 2 kg and only 19% more than 2 kg. 80% of doctors applied the main pressure on the veneer using their thumb, while the pressure force was 1.4 kg. For those doctors who pressed the veneer to the tooth with their index finger, the impact value was 0.8 kg.

Conclusion: The finger pressure on the veneer during cementation applied by dentists varies, the average pressure on the veneers was about 1.5 kg. The amount of pressure on cement during laboratory tests of cements for fixing veneers differs from clinical values many times. The development of a veneers fixation protocol, taking into account the conducted research, will ensure a reliable and accurate fit of the veneer at the stage of its cementing.

The article describes a clinical case of a benign tumor from smooth muscle cells - piloleiomyoma. The incidence of leiomyoma in the skin is 3-5% of all leiomyomas. A 27-year-old patient applied to a medical institution with complaints about an intradermal formation in the ear region that occurred repeatedly within 5 months after surgical treatment. After the first surgical intervention, the patient was consulted in various medical organizations, where the following diagnoses were made: «nodular fasciitis», «smooth muscle tumor without signs of malignancy» and «non-epithelial spindle cell neoplasm». According to ultrasound examination, the formation with dimensions of 11×9×5 mm reached the mastoid process of the temporal bone and was characterized by increased internal blood flow. After surgical removal of the neoplasm, taking into account the difficulties of differential diagnosis, an immunohistochemical study was conducted. An accumulation of smooth muscle cells was detected in the surface layers of the dermis under the epidermis by the immunohistochemical study with the use of the marker SMA. A study on CD34 protein revealed a high density of blood capillaries and the absence of its expression in smooth muscle cells. The proliferative index (Ki-67) and mitotic activity (PHH-3) of cells was also studied. The index of proliferative activity was less than 2%, mitoses were isolated. Thus, the results of immunohistochemical study proved the conclusion of piloleiomyoma.

Objective: To study the actual state of the organization of medical care for patients with the profile of «maxillofacial surgery» in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation in order to develop proposals for its optimization within the framework of a three-level system of medical care.

Material and methods: We analyzed accounting and reporting materials characterizing the organization of medical care in the field of «Oral and maxillofacial surgery» to the population in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation.

Results: The population of the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation is currently provided with accessible round-the-clock medical care in the field of maxillofacial surgery. The forces and means at the disposal of the district government allow this to be implemented. However, the article describes a number of obstacles to the provision of high-quality medical care in the field of maxillofacial surgery and suggests ways to eliminate them.

Conclusion: Preparation of an Order defining the functioning of a three-level system of medical care for adults and children with maxillofacial pathology in the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation, as well as more effective use of telemedicine consultations will significantly improve the availability and quality of medical care.

Ilya Matveyevich Kovarsky (1856-1933) - the founder and permanent head of the First Moscow Dentistry School, organizer and honorary member of the Moscow Dentistry Society, editor and publisher of one of the first Russian dental journals «Odontological Revue» - was deprived of his personal pension and suffrage in 1930 as a former owner of a private capitalist enterprise; his name was actually erased from the national dentistry. The portrait of Ilya Matveyevich Kovarsky - a remarkable doctor, teacher and worthy man - is reconstructed by the documents preserved in the Kovarsky family archive (on the basis of which this article was written) and the memories of his eldest daughter (published for the first time).

Objective: To study the associations between salivary minerals concentrations and caries experience among adolescents in the conditions of one of the industrial centers of the Far North.

Material and methods: In total, 146 adolescents aged 15-17 years took part in a cross-sectional study in Syktyvkar, Komi Republic. Caries experience was assessed as DMFT index and its components. Salivary concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, total- and ionized calcium as well as salivary pH were determined. Poisson regression models were used for all calculations using Stata 18 statistical software.

Results: Positive associations were observed between the number of decayed teeth and concentrations of sodium (p<0.001) and ionized calcium (p=0.003). Sodium (p=0.017), potassium p=0.005), magnesium (p=0.006) and phosphorus (p<0.001) concentrations were inversely associated with the number of filled teeth. Inverse relationships were identified between saliva pH and the number of decayed (p<0.001) and missing (p=0.009) teeth.

Conclusion: We observed significant associations between salivary minerals concentrations and caries experience among adolescents in Syktyvkar. When replicated in other populations, the results can be used to develop predictive models for caries progression in adolescents of the Russian North.

Objective: Evaluation of the effectiveness of vestibuloplasty according to microhemodynamics and oxygenation in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge.

Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, a clinical and functional study was carried out in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge after vestibuloplasty in 80 patients (35 men and 45 women) aged from 18 to 65 years, average age 41.5±1.9 years, without somatic pathology with a diagnosis according to ICD-10 «K08.1» with an insufficient or completely absent zone of attached keratinized gums, 2 groups were separated from them depending on the type of treatment: mail group comprised 40 people and was divided into 2 subgroups. In subgroup A a free gingival graft (FGG) was used as a covering material (subgroup A) with removable device. In subgroup B (20 people), a collagen matrix and a removable device were used. Control group consisted of subgroup 1 (20 people), in which FGG was used as a covering material, and subgroup 2 (20 people), in which collagen matrix was used. Using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), we determined the microcirculation index which characterizes the level of tissue blood flow. Oxygenation studies were carried out using optical tissue oximetry (OTO), determining the perfusion oxygen saturation index and the specific oxygen consumption index. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using MS Excel and MS Access.

Results: Analysis of the results of LDF in the main group (subgroup A and B) showed that 3 days after surgery, the level of blood flow (M) and its intensity (σ) decreased by 35% and 54%, and 24% and 49%, respectively, indicating the development of ischemia in the microvasculature which resolved after 14 days in subgroup A and 1 month in subgroup B. In the control group (subgroup 1 and 2), the dynamics of tissue blood flow 3 days after surgery were similar, but microcirculation indicators were restored after 1 and 3 months, respectively. According to optical OTO in the main group 3 days after surgery, oxygenation rates decreased by 36% and 50% (subgroup A) and 20% and 41% (subgroup B) indicating the development of hypoxia in the tissues which resolved after 14 days and 1 month after surgery, respectively. In the control group (subgroup 1 and 2), oxygenation indicators were restored after 1 and 3 months, respectively.

Conclusions: After vestibuloplasty using FGG or collagen matrix and a removable denture, microhemodynamics and oxygenation in the mucous membrane of the alveolar ridge restored earlier than in controls.

The review considers methods of manufacturing photopolymerizable compositions for bone tissue repair, as well as polymers and photoinitiators used for this purpose. Their physical and biological properties are described. Examples of light-curing compositions used in biomedicine and tissue engineering are given. The prospects of photopolymerization development for the production of materials for bone tissue regeneration as a promising technology for application in dentistry, maxillofacial surgery and orthopedics are considered.

The purpose: Of the study was to assess oral microbiocenosis changes in participants of microgravity modeling in a control group and using prophylaxis in the form of a probiotic supplement with 1.0·10⁹ CFU of Streptococcus salivarius strain in one lozenge and a dairy product containing not less than 1·10⁷ CFU of Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus strain in one gram.

Materials and methods: The study included 15 participants aged 25-40 years from the "Dry Immersion-2018" experiment. Five participants were included in the control group, while 10 participants were divided into 3 prophylactic groups: group I with 3 people (1 glass of dairy after evening teethbrushing and 1 glass of dairy after breakfast and teethbrushing). Group II with 3 people dissolving 1 probiotic lozenge at bedtime after teethbrushing and 1 lozenge after breakfast and teethbrushing. Group III with 4 people tested the synergism of protective streptococcus strains according to the scheme: 1 glass of dairy before nightsleep after teethbrushing and 2 probiotic lozenges under the tongue during the day. Changes were assessed by the dynamics of the Eubiotic Index and the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN).

Results: A significant deterioration of the periodontal condition was recorded in the control group: a growth of supragingival and subgingival tartar, bleeding gums, and a growth of pathogenic microflora. In all three prophylactic groups, a positive shift was detected in Eubiotic Index. In groups I and II there were no changes on CPITN index scale, and in group III an improvement in periodontal condition was recorded.

Conclusion: The probiotic drug showed a positive prophylactic effect and found synergy with the dairy product based on the Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus strain.

The aim the study. Analyze errors in planning orthopedic treatment using dental implants using the example of clinical cases.

Materials and methods: Two patients are presented who applied for a consultation at the orthopedic and surgical department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center Central Research Institute of Chronic and Peripheral Surgery of the Russian Ministry of Health regarding a fracture of a previously installed orthopedic structure on an implant. For diagnostic purposes, computed tomography was performed to determine the condition of the implants and teeth of the upper and lower jaws.

Results: The patients were found to have: a fracture of an implant 4.0*10 with a single orthopedic structure in the area of tooth 4.6 (the patient did not undergo restoration of the missing tooth 4.7 in the presence of an antagonist), a fracture of small diameter implants (3.5*9) in the area of 3.6, 3.7, prosthetic combined orthopedic crowns.

Conclusions: During surgical and orthopedic treatment of patients, it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions developed by the manufacturer of dental implants and the STaR recommendations.

This article discusses a rare clinical case of differential diagnosis between salivary stone disease and calcinosis, which developed against the background of autoimmune pathology. Diagnosis of these pathologies causes difficulties for practitioners, and treatment methods have fundamental differences. In this regard, the description of this case is relevant and significant. The algorithm of the main and additional research methods to confirm the diagnosis is described.