{"title":"Gifts of animals as a means of symbolic communication among the pre-White Mountain nobility","authors":"Jakub Kalivoda","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intrigue and information: the career of the reporter Matyáš Florian during the Bohemian Revolt","authors":"Kateřina Pražáková","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140715631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"News of the World The Role of Handwritten Newspapers in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Early 18th Century","authors":"Anna Penkała-Jastrzębska","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Between rhetoric and propaganda Jesuit and Piarist panegyrics in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth","authors":"Andrea Mariani","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140715420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Muscovite Gifts to the Austrian Habsburgs in the Late 16th Century","authors":"Vladimír Panov","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Art of Communication through Offerings. Gifts from Poland to Erasmus of Rotterdam","authors":"Robert T. Tomczak","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140715897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obraz Rudolfa II. v komunikaci mantovských vyslanců na císařském dvoře během sporu o říšské léno Novellara (1587-1591)","authors":"František Schwarz","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article explores issues relating to the Perpetual Imperial Diet and the consequences of its relocation from Regensburg to Augsburg in response to an epidemic of plague. A key figure in these events was Franz Karl Wratislaw von Mitrowitz, who at the time was the Bohemian envoy to the Diet; he experienced the situation in person, and documents from his posthumous estate – especially the diplomatic reports which he sent – are a valuable source of information. Because the functioning of the Diet and the activities of its envoys have been almost completely neglected by Czech (and indeed international) historiography, this article aims to provide an introduction to the topic. To do so, the first part of the text gives details of the Diet’s structure and the legislative process. The second part focuses on the plague epidemic of 1713/1714 and its consequences for the Diet.
{"title":"Regensburg or Augsburg? The Perpetual Imperial Diet and the last plague epidemic in 1713/1714 through the eyes of the Bohemian envoy Franz Karl Wratislaw von Mitrowitz","authors":"Filip Vávra","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.004","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores issues relating to the Perpetual Imperial Diet and the consequences of its relocation from Regensburg to Augsburg in response to an epidemic of plague. A key figure in these events was Franz Karl Wratislaw von Mitrowitz, who at the time was the Bohemian envoy to the Diet; he experienced the situation in person, and documents from his posthumous estate – especially the diplomatic reports which he sent – are a valuable source of information. Because the functioning of the Diet and the activities of its envoys have been almost completely neglected by Czech (and indeed international) historiography, this article aims to provide an introduction to the topic. To do so, the first part of the text gives details of the Diet’s structure and the legislative process. The second part focuses on the plague epidemic of 1713/1714 and its consequences for the Diet.","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays history plays a significant role in the social and political life of the nation state. Since it aims to legitimize political institutions and rationalize official policies, it has basically become an integral part of it. Consequently, historiography sometimes formulates pseudoscientific ideological products justified by the political needs of society. Following these considerations, this paper offers a self-critical reflection on the approaches of Ukrainian legal history and non-specialized historiography to the study of a memorable legal document of supreme importance – the Treaties and Covenants between Hetman Pylyp Orlyk and the Zaporozhian Host of 1710, also known as the Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk of 1710. The article offers a critical review of the major existing hypotheses of Ukrainian legal history and non-specialized historiography which are based on research carried out at different periods of Ukrainian political reality (the imperial, Soviet and post-Soviet eras). It applies a critical approach in analyzing attempts to consider this document of feudal law within the paradigm of contemporary constitutionalism, evaluating their adequacy and correctness in terms of historical and legal scholarship. It also highlights alternative approaches in historical and historical and legal historiography to the political and legal assessment of the Treaties and Covenants of 1710.
{"title":"\"The Treaties and Covenants\" of Pylyp Orlyk of 1710: the influence of social and political circumstances on historical discourse","authors":"Volodymyr Kyrychenko, Olena Sokalska","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays history plays a significant role in the social and political life of the nation state. Since it aims to legitimize political institutions and rationalize official policies, it has basically become an integral part of it. Consequently, historiography sometimes formulates pseudoscientific ideological products justified by the political needs of society. Following these considerations, this paper offers a self-critical reflection on the approaches of Ukrainian legal history and non-specialized historiography to the study of a memorable legal document of supreme importance – the Treaties and Covenants between Hetman Pylyp Orlyk and the Zaporozhian Host of 1710, also known as the Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk of 1710. The article offers a critical review of the major existing hypotheses of Ukrainian legal history and non-specialized historiography which are based on research carried out at different periods of Ukrainian political reality (the imperial, Soviet and post-Soviet eras). It applies a critical approach in analyzing attempts to consider this document of feudal law within the paradigm of contemporary constitutionalism, evaluating their adequacy and correctness in terms of historical and legal scholarship. It also highlights alternative approaches in historical and historical and legal historiography to the political and legal assessment of the Treaties and Covenants of 1710.","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Between 1618 and 1620, a period of increased power and confessional tension in the society of the Bohemian Estates culminated in an open rebellion against the ruling dynasty. While adequate research attention has already been paid to the political, religious and economic background of the central events of this large-scale conflict, research to date has not sufficiently taken into account the problems which the war brought to its direct and indirect participants of noble origin. In contrast to publicly active individuals in particular, the thinking of rank-and-file representatives of higher status comprised noticeably different experiences. The actions of these people were subordinated to the care of their own families, material background and corresponding social status rather than the goals and ideals of the anti-Habsburg opposition. The fact that most of them did not feel that they were only threatened by enemies in that direction was evidenced by a remarkable dispute that occurred in 1620 between members of the Estates’ camp. Its main actor was the impoverished nobleman Jan VilĂŠm MiÄan of KlinĹĄtejn and Roztoky, who was entrusted with the administration of the NovĂŠ Hrady estate in the region of Chrudimsko which had been confiscated from Catholic opponents of the uprising. Although the revenue from the local holdings was supposed to meet the needs of the estates of the regions of BechyĹsko and PrĂĄcheĹsko which had been affected by military raids by the imperial army, this formerly powerless representative of the South Bohemian estate saw in them, according to later accusations, an opportunity for illegal enrichment. In addition to specific evaluation of his actions, the statements and attitudes of individual participants contradicted the finding that under forced circumstances even the mostly petty nobility was able to use well-considered defence strategies in order to achieve the fulfilment of their property claims. However, the case in question also highlighted the changes that the ongoing state of war caused to the structure of the social order, established ways of communication and a system of noble values that had been consolidated over generations. The present contribution thus attempts to reveal another possible perspective on the interpretation of the events that immediately preceded the Battle of White Mountain from a historical-anthropological point of view.
{"title":"Pitfalls of war solidarity Jan Vilém Mičan of Klinštejn and Roztoky during the Bohemian Revolt","authors":"František Koreš","doi":"10.32725/oph.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32725/oph.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1618 and 1620, a period of increased power and confessional tension in the society of the Bohemian Estates culminated in an open rebellion against the ruling dynasty. While adequate research attention has already been paid to the political, religious and economic background of the central events of this large-scale conflict, research to date has not sufficiently taken into account the problems which the war brought to its direct and indirect participants of noble origin. In contrast to publicly active individuals in particular, the thinking of rank-and-file representatives of higher status comprised noticeably different experiences. The actions of these people were subordinated to the care of their own families, material background and corresponding social status rather than the goals and ideals of the anti-Habsburg opposition. The fact that most of them did not feel that they were only threatened by enemies in that direction was evidenced by a remarkable dispute that occurred in 1620 between members of the Estates’ camp. Its main actor was the impoverished nobleman Jan VilĂŠm MiÄan of KlinĹĄtejn and Roztoky, who was entrusted with the administration of the NovĂŠ Hrady estate in the region of Chrudimsko which had been confiscated from Catholic opponents of the uprising. Although the revenue from the local holdings was supposed to meet the needs of the estates of the regions of BechyĹsko and PrĂĄcheĹsko which had been affected by military raids by the imperial army, this formerly powerless representative of the South Bohemian estate saw in them, according to later accusations, an opportunity for illegal enrichment. In addition to specific evaluation of his actions, the statements and attitudes of individual participants contradicted the finding that under forced circumstances even the mostly petty nobility was able to use well-considered defence strategies in order to achieve the fulfilment of their property claims. However, the case in question also highlighted the changes that the ongoing state of war caused to the structure of the social order, established ways of communication and a system of noble values that had been consolidated over generations. The present contribution thus attempts to reveal another possible perspective on the interpretation of the events that immediately preceded the Battle of White Mountain from a historical-anthropological point of view.","PeriodicalId":36082,"journal":{"name":"Opera Historica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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