Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-67-75
Y. Kirichenko, N. T. T. Quy, Pham Ba Trung, Nguyen Thi Tham, Doan Thi Thuy
The aim of this article is to analyze the role of industrial policy in promoting technological modernization and economic upgrading in two mining countries, i.e. Brazil and South Africa. It analyzes the mining complex of these countries, in which they have achieved certain advantages in international markets. The main results show the significant difficulties that industrial policy faces in creating mechanisms to overcome economic and technological lags. Transition towards a higher added value and more sophisticated and diversified economic activity forms the basis of a sustainable and healthy economy, allowing companies and industries to fully implement their potential, involves investment in a wide range of production facilities and institutional structures.
{"title":"Geological Characteristics, Potential and Genesis of Iron-Manganese Ore Formation at the Bottom of the Southwestern Part of the South China Sea Part 2. Results of studying ore samples from the bottom of the South China Sea","authors":"Y. Kirichenko, N. T. T. Quy, Pham Ba Trung, Nguyen Thi Tham, Doan Thi Thuy","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-67-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-67-75","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to analyze the role of industrial policy in promoting technological modernization and economic upgrading in two mining countries, i.e. Brazil and South Africa. It analyzes the mining complex of these countries, in which they have achieved certain advantages in international markets. The main results show the significant difficulties that industrial policy faces in creating mechanisms to overcome economic and technological lags. Transition towards a higher added value and more sophisticated and diversified economic activity forms the basis of a sustainable and healthy economy, allowing companies and industries to fully implement their potential, involves investment in a wide range of production facilities and institutional structures.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45809990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-97-102
I. E. Kolesnichenko, E. Kolesnichenko, E. I. Lyubomishchenko, E. Kolesnichenko
The article focuses on the issue of improving the efficiency of non-renewable and renewable sources of energy. It is shown that the problem still remains relevant. The key concept is that in order to develop new devices it is necessary to clarify the natural mechanism of electric current generation in the atomic-molecular structure of the current conductors. The aim of the work was to justify the physical phenomena of electric current generation and transport. The authors applied the Quantum theory to address theoretical issues, the results of which were confirmed by experimental studies. The principal differences shown between the various energy processes of electricity generation. Based on the analysis of the molecular structure of copper and the spherical electric field, a conclusion is made that there are no free electrons in the conductor. The hypothesis that the main phenomena of electric current formation occur at the level of electromagnetic energy emission by valence electrons of conductors is of scientific novelty. The electromagnetic energy induced in the magnetic field is the primary energy photon to be absorbed by the conductor electrons. It has been proven experimentally that the solar energy and thermal sources, which are electromagnetic energy with different emission frequencies, are identical. Application of the new knowledge can enhance the competence of the dedicated specialists and the efficiency of electrical energy generating devices.
{"title":"Theoretical and experimental justification of primary energy and electron-energy phenomena of electric current generation","authors":"I. E. Kolesnichenko, E. Kolesnichenko, E. I. Lyubomishchenko, E. Kolesnichenko","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-97-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-97-102","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the issue of improving the efficiency of non-renewable and renewable sources of energy. It is shown that the problem still remains relevant. The key concept is that in order to develop new devices it is necessary to clarify the natural mechanism of electric current generation in the atomic-molecular structure of the current conductors. The aim of the work was to justify the physical phenomena of electric current generation and transport. The authors applied the Quantum theory to address theoretical issues, the results of which were confirmed by experimental studies. The principal differences shown between the various energy processes of electricity generation. Based on the analysis of the molecular structure of copper and the spherical electric field, a conclusion is made that there are no free electrons in the conductor. The hypothesis that the main phenomena of electric current formation occur at the level of electromagnetic energy emission by valence electrons of conductors is of scientific novelty. The electromagnetic energy induced in the magnetic field is the primary energy photon to be absorbed by the conductor electrons. It has been proven experimentally that the solar energy and thermal sources, which are electromagnetic energy with different emission frequencies, are identical. Application of the new knowledge can enhance the competence of the dedicated specialists and the efficiency of electrical energy generating devices.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43098366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-90-96
A. Burakov, S. Panishev, E. L. Alkova, D. V. Khosoev
The article summarizes the experience of using hydraulic excavators in coal, diamondiferous and other mining operations. It is noted that the excavation capacity of modern hydraulic excavators is several times higher than that of the mechanical shovels, and the hydraulic equipment is more suitable for non-explosive excavation in hard grounds, including halfrock formations. It is shown that even in difficult mining, geological and climatic conditions in coal, diamondiferous and other mines, the use of hydraulic excavators in Russian mining companies is justified by high efficiency and high availability ratio equal to the international indicators, which are not lower than those achieved in much more favorable conditions. Research performed in industrial settings made it possible to determine the hydraulic drive's service mode and regulations, as well as rational operating conditions. Operating systems were developed with heated working fluids to compensate for the changing viscosity at low atmospheric temperatures. Based on the tests performed in Russia and abroad, blast-free excavation using hydraulic excavators is done with limited capacity (up to 400 m3/h), and the operating weight of the machines must be not less than 300 tons. The main factors, typical for operation of the open-pit hydraulic excavators include the high annual production time, high forces and dynamics (up to 70 kN per 1 m3 of the bucket capacity) in the digging mode of the unit working at the face, high specific capacity and remoteness from the outside infrastructure used for repairs of the hydraulic components. In the course of testing the hydraulic excavators, the boundary values of the face slope angle depending on the ambient temperature were established. It was experimentally proved that at top to bottom layer-by-layer excavation with the H-285S hydraulic shovel the face height can reach up to 25 m at the rated digging height of 16 m. The average lump size (not more than 300 mm) of the rock mass in a 19 m3 bucket was determined with the permissible oversize in the face up to 2,500 mm. With the normal maintenance quality, the weighted average cost of operation for electromechanical excavators and the corresponding figures for hydraulic excavators are at a comparable level.
{"title":"Experience of using hydraulic excavators in difficult mining, geological and climatic conditions","authors":"A. Burakov, S. Panishev, E. L. Alkova, D. V. Khosoev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-90-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-90-96","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the experience of using hydraulic excavators in coal, diamondiferous and other mining operations. It is noted that the excavation capacity of modern hydraulic excavators is several times higher than that of the mechanical shovels, and the hydraulic equipment is more suitable for non-explosive excavation in hard grounds, including halfrock formations. It is shown that even in difficult mining, geological and climatic conditions in coal, diamondiferous and other mines, the use of hydraulic excavators in Russian mining companies is justified by high efficiency and high availability ratio equal to the international indicators, which are not lower than those achieved in much more favorable conditions. Research performed in industrial settings made it possible to determine the hydraulic drive's service mode and regulations, as well as rational operating conditions. Operating systems were developed with heated working fluids to compensate for the changing viscosity at low atmospheric temperatures. Based on the tests performed in Russia and abroad, blast-free excavation using hydraulic excavators is done with limited capacity (up to 400 m3/h), and the operating weight of the machines must be not less than 300 tons. The main factors, typical for operation of the open-pit hydraulic excavators include the high annual production time, high forces and dynamics (up to 70 kN per 1 m3 of the bucket capacity) in the digging mode of the unit working at the face, high specific capacity and remoteness from the outside infrastructure used for repairs of the hydraulic components. In the course of testing the hydraulic excavators, the boundary values of the face slope angle depending on the ambient temperature were established. It was experimentally proved that at top to bottom layer-by-layer excavation with the H-285S hydraulic shovel the face height can reach up to 25 m at the rated digging height of 16 m. The average lump size (not more than 300 mm) of the rock mass in a 19 m3 bucket was determined with the permissible oversize in the face up to 2,500 mm. With the normal maintenance quality, the weighted average cost of operation for electromechanical excavators and the corresponding figures for hydraulic excavators are at a comparable level.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47452786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-84-89
G. D. Pershin, E. Pshenichnaya, A. Mazhitov
This study aims to develop a methodology to calculate energy criteria based on the concept of quasi-brittle fracture of rocks in technological processes of mining and primary processing. The research has shown that the Griffiths-Irwin energy criteria that are derived from solution of the equilibrium problem for a plate with an internal fracture stretched by a uniformly distributed load, refer to a special case which meets the condition of the ultimate energy efficiency of fracturing a plate with defined geometrical dimensions (length, width). Having a theoretical value, these criteria do not meet practical applications, where it is necessary to consider the energy efficiency of the rock fracture process by normal rupture cracks for each specific mining technology. It makes no sense to calculate the irreversibly expended work within the quasi-static concept of rock fracture for its practical application without taking into account the energy efficiency, this being the main conclusion of the research performed. It is suggested to estimate the energy spent on forming two new unit surfaces, which corresponds to one fracture plane and characterizes the fracture resistance of the rock material, with the criterion that includes the ultimate specific energy intensity of the fracture deformation with account of the new complex textural and structural material constants and the energy efficiency of the fracture process.
{"title":"Energy criteria for quasi-brittle fracture of rocks in technological processes of mining and primary processing","authors":"G. D. Pershin, E. Pshenichnaya, A. Mazhitov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-84-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-84-89","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to develop a methodology to calculate energy criteria based on the concept of quasi-brittle fracture of rocks in technological processes of mining and primary processing. The research has shown that the Griffiths-Irwin energy criteria that are derived from solution of the equilibrium problem for a plate with an internal fracture stretched by a uniformly distributed load, refer to a special case which meets the condition of the ultimate energy efficiency of fracturing a plate with defined geometrical dimensions (length, width). Having a theoretical value, these criteria do not meet practical applications, where it is necessary to consider the energy efficiency of the rock fracture process by normal rupture cracks for each specific mining technology. It makes no sense to calculate the irreversibly expended work within the quasi-static concept of rock fracture for its practical application without taking into account the energy efficiency, this being the main conclusion of the research performed. It is suggested to estimate the energy spent on forming two new unit surfaces, which corresponds to one fracture plane and characterizes the fracture resistance of the rock material, with the criterion that includes the ultimate specific energy intensity of the fracture deformation with account of the new complex textural and structural material constants and the energy efficiency of the fracture process.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44006826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-112-119
C.V. Tishkov, A. Volkov, K. Kulakov, V. Shchiptsov
Iron ore production traditionally performs an important function in providing the world's manufacturing industry with raw materials and semi-finished products, and plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the regions of the North of Russia. One of the key issues of field operation remains the current, accumulated and potential environmental damage to the territories of location associated with the accumulation of waste from primary processing of raw materials stored in tailings. The development of raw material extraction technologies makes it possible to increase the time horizon for the exploitation of deposits, but requires measures to increase the capacity of the tailings storage facility, modernization of hydraulic structures serving it. In the article, on the basis of forecast data on the development of tailings facilities of the ‘Karelsky Okatysh’ JSC for the period up to 2043, a model for calculating the occupancy of a tailings pond in the event of a new dam break is constructed. At the moment, within the framework of the development of tailings facilities at the specified enterprise, the organization of the construction of a tailings dump on the site of an alluvial beach is being carried out. One of the bases of decision-making is risk assessment, which includes an assessment of emergency situations. 2 scenarios of accidents at the GTS are considered: the loss of static stability of the dam, i.e. the break of the dam wall during normal operation (A1) and the erosion of the body of the dam as a result of the overflow of water over the crest, i.e. the overflow of water over the top of the dam with subsequent destruction of the wall (A2). The assessment of the capacity of the new and old tailings dam (settling pond) and the capacity of new and old hydraulic structures and the analysis of the possibility of using a settling pond and a system of spillway structures, depending on the degree of construction of the tailings pond. The conclusion is made about the necessary measures to improve this system for the localization of man-made accidents in various scenarios.
{"title":"Improvement of environmental and economic assessment methods of miningand processing of iron ore by corporations of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation based on mathematical modeling","authors":"C.V. Tishkov, A. Volkov, K. Kulakov, V. Shchiptsov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-112-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-112-119","url":null,"abstract":"Iron ore production traditionally performs an important function in providing the world's manufacturing industry with raw materials and semi-finished products, and plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the regions of the North of Russia. One of the key issues of field operation remains the current, accumulated and potential environmental damage to the territories of location associated with the accumulation of waste from primary processing of raw materials stored in tailings. The development of raw material extraction technologies makes it possible to increase the time horizon for the exploitation of deposits, but requires measures to increase the capacity of the tailings storage facility, modernization of hydraulic structures serving it. In the article, on the basis of forecast data on the development of tailings facilities of the ‘Karelsky Okatysh’ JSC for the period up to 2043, a model for calculating the occupancy of a tailings pond in the event of a new dam break is constructed. At the moment, within the framework of the development of tailings facilities at the specified enterprise, the organization of the construction of a tailings dump on the site of an alluvial beach is being carried out. One of the bases of decision-making is risk assessment, which includes an assessment of emergency situations. 2 scenarios of accidents at the GTS are considered: the loss of static stability of the dam, i.e. the break of the dam wall during normal operation (A1) and the erosion of the body of the dam as a result of the overflow of water over the crest, i.e. the overflow of water over the top of the dam with subsequent destruction of the wall (A2). The assessment of the capacity of the new and old tailings dam (settling pond) and the capacity of new and old hydraulic structures and the analysis of the possibility of using a settling pond and a system of spillway structures, depending on the degree of construction of the tailings pond. The conclusion is made about the necessary measures to improve this system for the localization of man-made accidents in various scenarios.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43540273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-81-83
D. Dabiev
The author made an attempt to assess the impact of one of the main geographical factors, i.e. mountain terrain, on the economic development of regions in Russian Federation. The mountain regions have been identified in the context of the federal districts and the linear regression method of panel data was used to estimate the per capita growth of GRP of the regions. The performed assessment shows that macro-regions with rich natural resources are the drivers of the country's economy. In addition, the coastal districts, i.e. the Northwestern (NWFD) and Far Eastern Federal Districts (FEFD), are also distinguished, whose regions are positively influenced by their favorable geographical location including the location of major transport and logistics centers (seaports, pipelines, railways, etc.), aimed at exporting raw materials both to European countries (NWFD) and to South-East Asia (FEFD). However, calculations show that mountain regions are characterized with the greatest lag in economic development, especially the mountain regions of the North Caucasus and Siberia. The results of this study confirm the concept that a special approach is required towards the regional development of regions, including that of the mountain regions. Inclusion of the provisions on the possibilities and prospects of development of the mountain regions in the Concept of spatial development of the Russian Federation would be a logical continuation of such scientific concepts as the economic zoning and territorial organization of the economy.
{"title":"Assessment of the development of the mountain regions of Russia","authors":"D. Dabiev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-81-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-81-83","url":null,"abstract":"The author made an attempt to assess the impact of one of the main geographical factors, i.e. mountain terrain, on the economic development of regions in Russian Federation. The mountain regions have been identified in the context of the federal districts and the linear regression method of panel data was used to estimate the per capita growth of GRP of the regions. The performed assessment shows that macro-regions with rich natural resources are the drivers of the country's economy. In addition, the coastal districts, i.e. the Northwestern (NWFD) and Far Eastern Federal Districts (FEFD), are also distinguished, whose regions are positively influenced by their favorable geographical location including the location of major transport and logistics centers (seaports, pipelines, railways, etc.), aimed at exporting raw materials both to European countries (NWFD) and to South-East Asia (FEFD). However, calculations show that mountain regions are characterized with the greatest lag in economic development, especially the mountain regions of the North Caucasus and Siberia. The results of this study confirm the concept that a special approach is required towards the regional development of regions, including that of the mountain regions. Inclusion of the provisions on the possibilities and prospects of development of the mountain regions in the Concept of spatial development of the Russian Federation would be a logical continuation of such scientific concepts as the economic zoning and territorial organization of the economy.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43214736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-76-80
V. Zubkov, D. Petrov
In the underground mining of mineral deposits in the permafrost zone, the freezing of broken ore in the working excavation is one of the key factors that have a significant negative impact on its efficiency. During the ore drawing from the block in conditions of negative temperatures, the determining factor influencing the freezing of the ore is the change in the moisture content of the ore mass, even within insignificant limits, and the time it is in a stationary state. The article presents the results of an experimental study of the influence of the modes of area ore drawing on the loss of ore mass from freezing under conditions of negative temperatures in the working excavation. Physical modeling of the area ore drawing was carried out taking into account the mining and geological, mining technical and thermomechanical conditions of the underground mining of one of the ore deposits of Yakutia. The experiments were carried out with uniformly sequential, layered and chaotic ore drawing modes and various degrees of ore mass moisture content in a cryochamber at the air temperature of minus 5°С, using a specially made test bench. It was found that at the natural negative temperature of mine air and the temperature of the broken ore of minus 5°C, an increase in its moisture content by 1% leads to an increase in freezing losses in layered mode by 22%, and with the uniformly sequential and chaotic ore drawing modes by 29–30%. The established dependencies are valid only for specific thermal and humidity conditions of the experiment, however, they allow a qualitative assessment of the effect of the ore drawing mode on the loss of broken ore from freezing in underground conditions at negative temperatures of the mine air and adjacent strata.
{"title":"Influence of ore draw mode on freezing losses during underground mining of permafrost deposits","authors":"V. Zubkov, D. Petrov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-76-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-76-80","url":null,"abstract":"In the underground mining of mineral deposits in the permafrost zone, the freezing of broken ore in the working excavation is one of the key factors that have a significant negative impact on its efficiency. During the ore drawing from the block in conditions of negative temperatures, the determining factor influencing the freezing of the ore is the change in the moisture content of the ore mass, even within insignificant limits, and the time it is in a stationary state. The article presents the results of an experimental study of the influence of the modes of area ore drawing on the loss of ore mass from freezing under conditions of negative temperatures in the working excavation. Physical modeling of the area ore drawing was carried out taking into account the mining and geological, mining technical and thermomechanical conditions of the underground mining of one of the ore deposits of Yakutia. The experiments were carried out with uniformly sequential, layered and chaotic ore drawing modes and various degrees of ore mass moisture content in a cryochamber at the air temperature of minus 5°С, using a specially made test bench. It was found that at the natural negative temperature of mine air and the temperature of the broken ore of minus 5°C, an increase in its moisture content by 1% leads to an increase in freezing losses in layered mode by 22%, and with the uniformly sequential and chaotic ore drawing modes by 29–30%. The established dependencies are valid only for specific thermal and humidity conditions of the experiment, however, they allow a qualitative assessment of the effect of the ore drawing mode on the loss of broken ore from freezing in underground conditions at negative temperatures of the mine air and adjacent strata.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48424399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-103-111
D. Konyukhov, S. Kazachenko
A study of the interaction between an underground structure and the soil mass in which it is located is based on mathematical modelling by means of geotechnical software packages. Possible settlement of the foundations that support the foundations of buildings located within the influence area of underground construction is normally calculated with the PLAXIS software package. The actual settlements of these buildings when compared to the simulation results show differences in a wide range from 3 to 75%. Specific values are predetermined by the method of excavation support and the adopted technology of works. The paper analyses the ratio of actual and calculated (by different models, including the Coulomb-Mohr model and various modifications of the Hardening Soil Model as the most frequently used in our country and, therefore, analysed most thoroughly in respect of their advantages and drawbacks) deformations of existing buildings during underground works carried out in the vicinity. Factors influencing the deformations are considered. Numerical discrepancies for different methods and in different soils (sand, loam, clay) are given. Possible reasons for discrepancies are formulated. The deviations are strongly influenced by the adopted calculation scheme. A corresponding study on a detailed level required mathematical modelling, which was carried out using the example of excavation of a construction pit for the entrance hall of the Butyrskaya underground metro station in Moscow and a nearby building.
{"title":"The main factors affecting the convergence of calculated and actual values of deformations of existing buildings","authors":"D. Konyukhov, S. Kazachenko","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-103-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-2-103-111","url":null,"abstract":"A study of the interaction between an underground structure and the soil mass in which it is located is based on mathematical modelling by means of geotechnical software packages. Possible settlement of the foundations that support the foundations of buildings located within the influence area of underground construction is normally calculated with the PLAXIS software package. The actual settlements of these buildings when compared to the simulation results show differences in a wide range from 3 to 75%. Specific values are predetermined by the method of excavation support and the adopted technology of works. The paper analyses the ratio of actual and calculated (by different models, including the Coulomb-Mohr model and various modifications of the Hardening Soil Model as the most frequently used in our country and, therefore, analysed most thoroughly in respect of their advantages and drawbacks) deformations of existing buildings during underground works carried out in the vicinity. Factors influencing the deformations are considered. Numerical discrepancies for different methods and in different soils (sand, loam, clay) are given. Possible reasons for discrepancies are formulated. The deviations are strongly influenced by the adopted calculation scheme. A corresponding study on a detailed level required mathematical modelling, which was carried out using the example of excavation of a construction pit for the entrance hall of the Butyrskaya underground metro station in Moscow and a nearby building.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43737136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-63-70
N. Antoninova, L. Rybnikova, Yu. O. Slavikovskaya, L. Shubina
The article assesses available methods of managing mineral grades in mining and possible ways to improve the mining efficiency. Assessment criteria for the ore masses are given depending on mineral and chemical composition, structural and other features. The outcomes are presented of developing a methodology of zoning technological types of ores within an open pit with account of complex evaluation of qualitative characteristics of minerals using modern geoinformation technologies. Two main methods, i.e. express and detailed, are proposed for data interpretation in geoinformation systems, which require preliminary creation of a geological database and allow to make reliable assessment and zoning of ores within an open pit based on qualitative indicators. The methods are different in terms of labour intensity, level of detail and the possibility of adjusting the resulting models depending on established or changed requirements towards the mineral grade. An enhanced mining and geological information system allows zoning of technological types and grades of ores within an open-pit with a high degree of reliability, which contributes to the selection of the most effective ore treatment method as part of the ore grade management for specific mining and geological conditions at the planning stage of mining operations. Examples of zoning technological types of ores within an open pit as well as methodological approaches to selecting effective methods of ore grade management are presented for deteriorating mining and geological conditions of deposits and increasing requirements towards the quality of products.
{"title":"Improvement of Mineral Processing Methods in Mining Structurally-Complex Deposits","authors":"N. Antoninova, L. Rybnikova, Yu. O. Slavikovskaya, L. Shubina","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-63-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-63-70","url":null,"abstract":"The article assesses available methods of managing mineral grades in mining and possible ways to improve the mining efficiency. Assessment criteria for the ore masses are given depending on mineral and chemical composition, structural and other features. The outcomes are presented of developing a methodology of zoning technological types of ores within an open pit with account of complex evaluation of qualitative characteristics of minerals using modern geoinformation technologies. Two main methods, i.e. express and detailed, are proposed for data interpretation in geoinformation systems, which require preliminary creation of a geological database and allow to make reliable assessment and zoning of ores within an open pit based on qualitative indicators. The methods are different in terms of labour intensity, level of detail and the possibility of adjusting the resulting models depending on established or changed requirements towards the mineral grade. An enhanced mining and geological information system allows zoning of technological types and grades of ores within an open-pit with a high degree of reliability, which contributes to the selection of the most effective ore treatment method as part of the ore grade management for specific mining and geological conditions at the planning stage of mining operations. Examples of zoning technological types of ores within an open pit as well as methodological approaches to selecting effective methods of ore grade management are presented for deteriorating mining and geological conditions of deposits and increasing requirements towards the quality of products.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42187882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-127-133
S. Kornilkov, L. Rybnikova, P. Rybnikov, A. Smirnov
Geographic information monitoring is shown as the leading method of process control in old industrial territories. The main stages of geoinformation monitoring are outlined. The role of geographic information systems in the study of pollution components, systematization and accumulation of spatially distributed data, analysis and development of predictive solutions is considered. The solution of the problem of the conceptual organization of the geoinformation system of mining territories has been substantiated. The structure of software products and geographic information systems selection criteria are considered. The QGIS software product was chosen as the desktop geographic information systems. The functionality of JavaScript-libraries Leaflet and Highcharts, the possibility of their use as a web-based geographic information systems are described. The structure of the base layers of the geographic information systems, created for the organization of geoinformation monitoring of the old industrial territory of the Levikhinsky mine, is described. An algorithm for organizing spatially distributed data of the monitoring object, a fundamental algorithm for data processing are proposed. Considerable attention is paid to the typification and subsequent differentiation of the types of initial information, the storage of geographic information systems data in exchange formats. The author's algorithm of interaction between desktop and web-based geographic information systems is described. The provisions and technical solutions set out in the article allow using geographic information systems for operational monitoring, forecasting and comprehensive assessment, and management decisions.
{"title":"Geoinformation monitoring for solving environmental problems of mining territories of the Middle Ural","authors":"S. Kornilkov, L. Rybnikova, P. Rybnikov, A. Smirnov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-127-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-1s-127-133","url":null,"abstract":"Geographic information monitoring is shown as the leading method of process control in old industrial territories. The main stages of geoinformation monitoring are outlined. The role of geographic information systems in the study of pollution components, systematization and accumulation of spatially distributed data, analysis and development of predictive solutions is considered. The solution of the problem of the conceptual organization of the geoinformation system of mining territories has been substantiated. The structure of software products and geographic information systems selection criteria are considered. The QGIS software product was chosen as the desktop geographic information systems. The functionality of JavaScript-libraries Leaflet and Highcharts, the possibility of their use as a web-based geographic information systems are described. The structure of the base layers of the geographic information systems, created for the organization of geoinformation monitoring of the old industrial territory of the Levikhinsky mine, is described. An algorithm for organizing spatially distributed data of the monitoring object, a fundamental algorithm for data processing are proposed. Considerable attention is paid to the typification and subsequent differentiation of the types of initial information, the storage of geographic information systems data in exchange formats. The author's algorithm of interaction between desktop and web-based geographic information systems is described. The provisions and technical solutions set out in the article allow using geographic information systems for operational monitoring, forecasting and comprehensive assessment, and management decisions.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49217953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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