Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-112-117
D. Sidorov, T. Ponomarenko
Challenges in mining of ore deposits associated with great depths and increasing mining, geological and engineering risks make the design decisions significantly more complicated and reduce the efficiency of mining operations. The article provides a brief description of the research methods employed by specialists from the Polygore Company and Saint Petersburg Mining University. Results are presented of studying the tectonically stressed state and the geodynamically hazardous zones, or risk zones, in the mining of ore deposits. The stress-and-strain state of the natural stress field was determined using the PRESS 3D URAL dedicated software. Studies to ensure geodynamic safety were carried out based on a 3D geodynamic model and using three types of models, i.e. the block (geological and structural), geodynamic and mining-geodynamic model of the deposit (mine field or its segment). The results obtained allow making a conclusion about viability of applying analytical methods to calculate the stressed state of blocky rock mass and, in particular, application of the PRESS 3D URAL dedicated software as a digital geomechanical twin, as well as the need to continue and expand research activities in this direction to enhance safety of mining operations.
深度较大的矿床开采面临的挑战，以及采矿、地质和工程风险的增加，使设计决策变得更加复杂，降低了采矿作业的效率。本文简要介绍了Polygore公司和圣彼得堡矿业大学专家采用的研究方法。本文介绍了矿床开采中构造应力状态和地球动力学危险区的研究结果。利用PRESS 3D URAL专用软件确定自然应力场的应力应变状态。以三维地球动力学模型为基础，采用区块(地质构造)、地球动力学和矿区(矿区或矿区段)采动地球动力学模型三种模型进行地球动力学安全研究。所获得的结果可以得出结论，即应用分析方法计算块状岩体的应力状态，特别是应用PRESS 3D URAL专用软件作为数字地质力学双胞胎的可行性，以及继续和扩大该方向的研究活动以提高采矿作业的安全性的必要性。
{"title":"Application of digital geomechanical twins to predict and assess risks of reserve loss in ore mining projects","authors":"D. Sidorov, T. Ponomarenko","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-112-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-112-117","url":null,"abstract":"Challenges in mining of ore deposits associated with great depths and increasing mining, geological and engineering risks make the design decisions significantly more complicated and reduce the efficiency of mining operations. The article provides a brief description of the research methods employed by specialists from the Polygore Company and Saint Petersburg Mining University. Results are presented of studying the tectonically stressed state and the geodynamically hazardous zones, or risk zones, in the mining of ore deposits. The stress-and-strain state of the natural stress field was determined using the PRESS 3D URAL dedicated software. Studies to ensure geodynamic safety were carried out based on a 3D geodynamic model and using three types of models, i.e. the block (geological and structural), geodynamic and mining-geodynamic model of the deposit (mine field or its segment). The results obtained allow making a conclusion about viability of applying analytical methods to calculate the stressed state of blocky rock mass and, in particular, application of the PRESS 3D URAL dedicated software as a digital geomechanical twin, as well as the need to continue and expand research activities in this direction to enhance safety of mining operations.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46437812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-79-83
T.S. Sakhapova, K. Protsenko, E. Tikhonova, M.A. Ipatova
The article provides an overview of the major global manufacturers of mixing and charging equipment, as well as a presentation of several Russian companies. As the consumption of industrial explosives increases, the share of equipment that produces these substances is also growing. The purpose of this article is to identify the competitive advantages and the role of import substitution in Russia. Before 2014, most of the fleet in all mining companies was made up of imported equipment. Given the political circumstances after 2014, the situation in the country has changed, and the Russian mining industry began to replace foreign machinery with domestic mixing and charging machines, which are not inferior in quality, but more competitive in price. There are already more than 10 manufacturers of mixing and charging equipment in Russia, including the following companies: AZOTTECH LLC (Berezniki), NIPIGORMASH JSC (Yekaterinburg), Research Institute of Mechanization (Krasnoarmeysk), SpetsTransMash LLC (Novokuznetsk) and others. The article also presents a comparative analysis of two lines of mixing and charging machines manufactured by AZOTTECH LLC, i.e. the BAZA and the TECHNO families.
{"title":"Overview of foreign manufacturers of mixing and charging equipment for surface mining","authors":"T.S. Sakhapova, K. Protsenko, E. Tikhonova, M.A. Ipatova","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-79-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-79-83","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of the major global manufacturers of mixing and charging equipment, as well as a presentation of several Russian companies. As the consumption of industrial explosives increases, the share of equipment that produces these substances is also growing. The purpose of this article is to identify the competitive advantages and the role of import substitution in Russia. Before 2014, most of the fleet in all mining companies was made up of imported equipment. Given the political circumstances after 2014, the situation in the country has changed, and the Russian mining industry began to replace foreign machinery with domestic mixing and charging machines, which are not inferior in quality, but more competitive in price. There are already more than 10 manufacturers of mixing and charging equipment in Russia, including the following companies: AZOTTECH LLC (Berezniki), NIPIGORMASH JSC (Yekaterinburg), Research Institute of Mechanization (Krasnoarmeysk), SpetsTransMash LLC (Novokuznetsk) and others. The article also presents a comparative analysis of two lines of mixing and charging machines manufactured by AZOTTECH LLC, i.e. the BAZA and the TECHNO families.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46714270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-103-105
D. Dabiev
The Republic of Tyva is located in the border zone of the Siberian Federal District, but despite this, the region's nearborder location has little impact on its economic development. By removing its relative transport isolation not only with the cross-border territories, but also with the neighbouring Russian regions, the republic would be able to unlock its potential for economic development, including the use of its natural resources. Extending the Kuragino-Kyzyl railway project to the Mongolian border is one of the main targets in creation of the backbone infrastructure facilities within the West-East international transport corridor of the Republic of Tuva's individual social and economic development programme. In order to assess the viability of developing some of the deposits in Tyva, which are located at the border with Mongolia, a feasibility study was performed to assess the development of the Tastyg spodumene pegmatite deposit. Preliminary calculations show that the capital investments of RUB 4,200 million (as of 2021) in the development of the Tastyg spodumene pegmatite deposit will be recoverable. In addition, the annual budget allocations are estimated to reach RUB 710 million. The social effects of this project include the construction of a motor road and a power transmission line to the remotely located district of Tere-Khol, which is currently one of the hardtoreach areas of the Republic.
{"title":"Economic assessment of efficiency to develop the Tastyg spodumene pegmatite deposit in Tyva","authors":"D. Dabiev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-103-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-103-105","url":null,"abstract":"The Republic of Tyva is located in the border zone of the Siberian Federal District, but despite this, the region's nearborder location has little impact on its economic development. By removing its relative transport isolation not only with the cross-border territories, but also with the neighbouring Russian regions, the republic would be able to unlock its potential for economic development, including the use of its natural resources. Extending the Kuragino-Kyzyl railway project to the Mongolian border is one of the main targets in creation of the backbone infrastructure facilities within the West-East international transport corridor of the Republic of Tuva's individual social and economic development programme. In order to assess the viability of developing some of the deposits in Tyva, which are located at the border with Mongolia, a feasibility study was performed to assess the development of the Tastyg spodumene pegmatite deposit. Preliminary calculations show that the capital investments of RUB 4,200 million (as of 2021) in the development of the Tastyg spodumene pegmatite deposit will be recoverable. In addition, the annual budget allocations are estimated to reach RUB 710 million. The social effects of this project include the construction of a motor road and a power transmission line to the remotely located district of Tere-Khol, which is currently one of the hardtoreach areas of the Republic.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44374388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-106-111
Y. Kirichenko, N. T. T. Quy
The article reviews general challenges of exploration in the South China Sea related to prospecting and sampling of solid mineral deposits. The importance of sampling as the only scientifically sound method of identifying and defining properties of minerals is emphasized. Information is provided on the equipment and methods used in Vietnam for sampling bottom sediments in the South China Sea. An autonomous gas-dynamic boomerang sampler designed by the authors is presented. The sampler is designed to close the clamshell buckets with subsequent surfacing of the unit using the energy of expanding gases. The sampler consists of clamshell buckets, an operating cylinder with a piston and a lifting cylinder mounted on a rigid frame. The sampler can be used for sampling solid grounds with the drillability grade above III, and it significantly reduces the sampling time, while increasing the reliability of the survey.
{"title":"Autonomous deep-water gas dynamic sampler for sampling loose sediments and massive formations","authors":"Y. Kirichenko, N. T. T. Quy","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-106-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-106-111","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews general challenges of exploration in the South China Sea related to prospecting and sampling of solid mineral deposits. The importance of sampling as the only scientifically sound method of identifying and defining properties of minerals is emphasized. Information is provided on the equipment and methods used in Vietnam for sampling bottom sediments in the South China Sea. An autonomous gas-dynamic boomerang sampler designed by the authors is presented. The sampler is designed to close the clamshell buckets with subsequent surfacing of the unit using the energy of expanding gases. The sampler consists of clamshell buckets, an operating cylinder with a piston and a lifting cylinder mounted on a rigid frame. The sampler can be used for sampling solid grounds with the drillability grade above III, and it significantly reduces the sampling time, while increasing the reliability of the survey.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43289532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-132-139
V. Kuznetsov, A. Korshunov
The article analyzes the development of gold mining in Russia from a historical perspective. Historical reasons and factors of native and placer gold discovery are investigated and explained. A particular emphasis is placed on Lev Brusnitsyn, the discoverer of gold-bearing sands in Russia, and on industrial development of these sands. The global significance of this discovery is highlighted. The article presents the biography of this historical person, with account of modern historical knowledge, as well as his life assessment by his contemporaries and descendants. During the entire history of gold mining in Russia, about 18 thousand tons of gold have been recovered, three quarters of which being placer gold. It was the result of the hard work of thousands and thousands of unknown miners and mine foremen like Lev Brusnitsyn, who will be discussed in this article. It has taken Russia quite a long time to harness its golden chariot and make a historic leap into the global leaders of gold mining.
{"title":"History of gold mining in Russia: Lev Brusnitsyn","authors":"V. Kuznetsov, A. Korshunov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-132-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-132-139","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the development of gold mining in Russia from a historical perspective. Historical reasons and factors of native and placer gold discovery are investigated and explained. A particular emphasis is placed on Lev Brusnitsyn, the discoverer of gold-bearing sands in Russia, and on industrial development of these sands. The global significance of this discovery is highlighted. The article presents the biography of this historical person, with account of modern historical knowledge, as well as his life assessment by his contemporaries and descendants. During the entire history of gold mining in Russia, about 18 thousand tons of gold have been recovered, three quarters of which being placer gold. It was the result of the hard work of thousands and thousands of unknown miners and mine foremen like Lev Brusnitsyn, who will be discussed in this article. It has taken Russia quite a long time to harness its golden chariot and make a historic leap into the global leaders of gold mining.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45419558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-125-131
L. K. Miroshnikova, A. Mezentsev, N.V. Semenyakin, N. Filippova
Innovative solutions for identifying geodynamically active structures based on the morphostructural analysis of sedimentary deposits of the Tunguska series (Carboniferous-Permian), which are the upper level of the localization of ore-bearing massifs and rich sulfide platinum-bearing copper-nickel ores, are considered. The morphostructural groups of oval outlines identified on the isolinear distribution schemes of the top and bottom of the Tunguska series are considered as a marker of the “ring” structures development. These structures are developed along the boundaries of mine fields. Their formation took place in the period following the ore formation. Individual tectonic disturbances developed inside the “ring” structures and along their boundaries can be traced down to the occurrence depth of the ore-bearing intrusions and ore bodies. The “ring” structures were formed in the southwestern part of the Talnakh ore cluster as a result of left-sided strike-slip faults, which were accompanied by east-bound torsions. The “ring” structures are morphotectonic blocks that are distinguished by maximum tension indicators. As a result of the research, it was found that the “ring” structures are the marking signs of geodynamically active structures of the strike-slip and the oblique-slip kinematics with a high density of disjunctive disturbances, in which high risks in development of dangerous geodynamic processes and phenomena are possible in zones adjacent to the mine fields.
{"title":"“Ring” structures as a marking sign of the stress-strain state of the geo-medium","authors":"L. K. Miroshnikova, A. Mezentsev, N.V. Semenyakin, N. Filippova","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-125-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-125-131","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative solutions for identifying geodynamically active structures based on the morphostructural analysis of sedimentary deposits of the Tunguska series (Carboniferous-Permian), which are the upper level of the localization of ore-bearing massifs and rich sulfide platinum-bearing copper-nickel ores, are considered. The morphostructural groups of oval outlines identified on the isolinear distribution schemes of the top and bottom of the Tunguska series are considered as a marker of the “ring” structures development. These structures are developed along the boundaries of mine fields. Their formation took place in the period following the ore formation. Individual tectonic disturbances developed inside the “ring” structures and along their boundaries can be traced down to the occurrence depth of the ore-bearing intrusions and ore bodies. The “ring” structures were formed in the southwestern part of the Talnakh ore cluster as a result of left-sided strike-slip faults, which were accompanied by east-bound torsions. The “ring” structures are morphotectonic blocks that are distinguished by maximum tension indicators. As a result of the research, it was found that the “ring” structures are the marking signs of geodynamically active structures of the strike-slip and the oblique-slip kinematics with a high density of disjunctive disturbances, in which high risks in development of dangerous geodynamic processes and phenomena are possible in zones adjacent to the mine fields.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42275079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-84-88
A. V. Lebedok, L. Markworth
This article describes current technologies and their application to various types of iron ores characterized with different material composition. The data presented demonstrate specific advantages of the Alljig jigging machine used in iron ore processing due to the precise separation with high density as well as the ease and low cost of operation. The Allflux hydroclassification technology ensures high output and yields three products. The Allgauss high intensity magnetic separators for slightly magnetic particles offer high throughput rates combined with unparalleled process flexibility and two-stage processing in a single plant. The Allflot pneumatic ejector flotation chambers can half the equipment footprint of the processing plant, while increasing the recovery of fine particles by reverse flotation. Technological performance indicators of the ArcelorMittal jigging machines are provided (CIS).
{"title":"Modern iron ore processing: challenges and solutions from ALLMINERAL","authors":"A. V. Lebedok, L. Markworth","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-84-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-84-88","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes current technologies and their application to various types of iron ores characterized with different material composition. The data presented demonstrate specific advantages of the Alljig jigging machine used in iron ore processing due to the precise separation with high density as well as the ease and low cost of operation. The Allflux hydroclassification technology ensures high output and yields three products. The Allgauss high intensity magnetic separators for slightly magnetic particles offer high throughput rates combined with unparalleled process flexibility and two-stage processing in a single plant. The Allflot pneumatic ejector flotation chambers can half the equipment footprint of the processing plant, while increasing the recovery of fine particles by reverse flotation. Technological performance indicators of the ArcelorMittal jigging machines are provided (CIS).","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42917688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-74-78
A. M. Balashov
The Russian economy is currently subjected to unprecedented sanctions pressure from the United States and the Western countries. Supply of innovative equipment that is necessary for oil and gas production in the Arctic shelf and other hardtorecover fields to Russia is banned. International consortiums that were involved in large investment projects related to the extraction and transportation of oil from hard-to-recover fields terminated their cooperation with Russian oil and gas companies. However, the European and American companies are being replaced by Chinese corporations, which also have the necessary technologies and equipment for oil and gas production in hard-to-recover fields. It should also be noted that the European Union plans to reduce the volume of natural gas supplied from the Russian Federation and to build new terminals for the imported LNG, and has already abandoned the project to pump gas through the Nord Stream-2 pipeline. In response to these Western initiatives, the Russian authorities are likely to undertake a number of steps to re-route the natural gas supplies to China and build a gas pipeline to India. In this article, the author made an attempt to analyze from the scientific point of view and critically re-evaluate the issues of the sanctions impact on the development of business activities of oil and gas corporations in Russia.
{"title":"Impact of sanctions on business development of oil and gas corporations in Russia","authors":"A. M. Balashov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-74-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-74-78","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian economy is currently subjected to unprecedented sanctions pressure from the United States and the Western countries. Supply of innovative equipment that is necessary for oil and gas production in the Arctic shelf and other hardtorecover fields to Russia is banned. International consortiums that were involved in large investment projects related to the extraction and transportation of oil from hard-to-recover fields terminated their cooperation with Russian oil and gas companies. However, the European and American companies are being replaced by Chinese corporations, which also have the necessary technologies and equipment for oil and gas production in hard-to-recover fields. It should also be noted that the European Union plans to reduce the volume of natural gas supplied from the Russian Federation and to build new terminals for the imported LNG, and has already abandoned the project to pump gas through the Nord Stream-2 pipeline. In response to these Western initiatives, the Russian authorities are likely to undertake a number of steps to re-route the natural gas supplies to China and build a gas pipeline to India. In this article, the author made an attempt to analyze from the scientific point of view and critically re-evaluate the issues of the sanctions impact on the development of business activities of oil and gas corporations in Russia.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41482947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-118-124
I. E. Kolesnichenko, E. Kolesnichenko, E. I. Lyubomishchenko, E. Kolesnichenko
The article focuses on the challenges of improving the energy efficiency when using the solar energy for electrical power generation. The key point is that improvement of the energy efficiency in application of this method depends on enhancement of theoretical knowledge on physical phenomena and regularities in technical devices. The objective of this research is to clarify the cause-and-effect relations and to explain regularities of physical phenomena in devices that convert solar power into electric energy in terms of fundamental axioms of the quantum theory in molecular systems, which would open up the possibilities to enhance the energy efficiency of solar power engineering. The paper analyzes the notions that are common in the scientific and educational literature and are related to electric current, free and superfluous electrons in atoms, and the motion of charged particles under the action of electric current. The scientific novelty consists in conceptualization of scientific statements in the fields of physics, electrical engineering and chemistry. A new concept of the energy phenomena in multilayer structures of semiconductor-based devices for conversion of solar radiation into the electric current has been formed for the first time ever. A schematic diagram of electric power generation upon solar irradiation of these devices is presented. The electric current in a closed circuit is the total solar energy absorbed by the valence electrons of the device's semiconductors, which they emit in a concentrated manner within a closed electric circuit. The practical value of the new knowledge lies in improving the professional competences and enhancing the energy efficiency of technological devices used to convert solar energy into electric current.
{"title":"Solar power engineering: analysis of the zone model of semiconductor conductivity from the quantum theory perspective","authors":"I. E. Kolesnichenko, E. Kolesnichenko, E. I. Lyubomishchenko, E. Kolesnichenko","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-118-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-118-124","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the challenges of improving the energy efficiency when using the solar energy for electrical power generation. The key point is that improvement of the energy efficiency in application of this method depends on enhancement of theoretical knowledge on physical phenomena and regularities in technical devices. The objective of this research is to clarify the cause-and-effect relations and to explain regularities of physical phenomena in devices that convert solar power into electric energy in terms of fundamental axioms of the quantum theory in molecular systems, which would open up the possibilities to enhance the energy efficiency of solar power engineering. The paper analyzes the notions that are common in the scientific and educational literature and are related to electric current, free and superfluous electrons in atoms, and the motion of charged particles under the action of electric current. The scientific novelty consists in conceptualization of scientific statements in the fields of physics, electrical engineering and chemistry. A new concept of the energy phenomena in multilayer structures of semiconductor-based devices for conversion of solar radiation into the electric current has been formed for the first time ever. A schematic diagram of electric power generation upon solar irradiation of these devices is presented. The electric current in a closed circuit is the total solar energy absorbed by the valence electrons of the device's semiconductors, which they emit in a concentrated manner within a closed electric circuit. The practical value of the new knowledge lies in improving the professional competences and enhancing the energy efficiency of technological devices used to convert solar energy into electric current.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49067182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-3-93-98
N.E. Moroz, D. Sidorov, M. A. Sonnov
Drift pillars are used to protect haulage tunnels from the effects of formation pressure and ingress of the caved rock mass. At the same time, leaving pillars made up of fragile ores exposed to significant compressive stresses poses a risk of dynamic formation pressure. Due to the design features of the mining method and safety regulations, it is not possible to access the drift pillar from the rising side, which limits the ability to make a meaningful instrumental forecast of the rock-bump hazard. Therefore, it is advisable to use digital twins to predict the rock-bump hazard of the drift pillars. The article describes the experience gained by the VNIMI Institute in using the PRESS 3D URAL dedicated software (Polygore LLC, St. Petersburg) and the FIDESYS software package (Fidesys, Moscow) for a comprehensive assessment of the stress-and-strain state and rock-bump hazardous condition of the drift pillar. The first stage included numerical evaluation of the natural tectonic stress field using the PRESS 3D URAL software. At the second stage, an assessment of the man-made stress-and-strain state of the rock mass and the ore drift pillar was performed using the FIDESYS software package during underground mining with the heading-and-stall method. The final stage involved a prediction of the rock-bump hazard of the ore pillar using data on the ore strength properties.
漂移矿柱用于保护运输隧道免受地层压力和洞穴岩体进入的影响。同时，由脆弱矿石组成的矿柱暴露在显著的压缩应力下会带来动态地层压力的风险。由于采矿方法的设计特点和安全规定，不可能从上升侧进入漂移柱，这限制了对岩石撞击危险进行有意义的仪器预测的能力。因此，建议采用数字孪生方法来预测巷道支柱的岩石撞击危险性。本文介绍了VNIMI研究所使用PRESS 3D URAL专用软件（Polygore LLC，圣彼得堡）和FIDESYS软件包（FIDESYS，莫斯科）对漂移柱的应力应变状态和岩石撞击危险条件进行综合评估的经验。第一阶段包括使用PRESS 3D URAL软件对自然构造应力场进行数值评估。在第二阶段，使用FIDESYS软件包对掘进-失速法地下开采过程中岩体和矿柱的人为应力和应变状态进行了评估。最后阶段涉及使用矿石强度特性数据预测矿柱的岩石撞击危险。
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