Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Strategic approaches for managing heartburn symptoms in patients with superficial gastritis via a comprehensive dietary approach inspired by baby food","authors":"Dan Li ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Dandan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gastritis presents a multifaceted clinical conundrum, frequently exacerbated by adverse reactions associated with established therapeutic regimes. In an innovative leap, this research proposes a dietary regimen inspired by baby nutrition principles—emphasizing digestibility, balanced nutrient intake, and minimal food additives through predominantly steamed or boiled culinary methods. This regimen aims not just to alleviate gastric distress but also to potentially foster mucosal healing. Over the course of a one-month observational study, 24 subjects diagnosed with superficial gastritis were transitioned to this specialized diet. The program offers bespoke nutritional advice, which includes judicious food selection, regulation of meal sizes, and the adoption of cooking practices designed to mitigate acid reflux. Preliminary evidence, as suggested by salivary pH metrics, points towards a decrease in gastroesophageal acid exposure. Concurrently, patient's glycemic and lipid profiles exhibited stability throughout the intervention period. Remarkably, participants also reported a significant decline in depressive symptomatology, highlighting the far-reaching advantages of this avant-garde nutritional approach. This confluence of gastrointestinal and psychological benefits underscores the holistic potential of the dietary strategy in managing gastritis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 163-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical experience with enteral tube nutrition and Nutrison® range of enteral tubes in patients with specific enteral feeding requirements in Spain: The NUTRECONSONDA study","authors":"M.D. Ballesteros-Pomar ,&nbsp;J.J. Alfaro-Martínez ,&nbsp;J.M. Guardia-Baena ,&nbsp;M. Riestra Fernández ,&nbsp;B. Vega-Piñero","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Enteral nutrition (EN) is a critical medical nutritional treatment designed to meet the specific micro- and macronutrient requirements of patients unable to achieve adequate nutrition through oral intake. The aim of this study is to review the use of EN by tube in routine clinical practice, focusing on its management in patients with specific nutritional requirements, and to evaluate the effectiveness, tolerability, and quality of life improvements associated with the Nutrison® range of enteral tube enteral formulas.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>NUTRECONSONDA was a nationwide, multicentre, cross-sectional ecological study. Aggregated data were collected from the experience and knowledge of 142 physicians with experience treating patients with EN through an online survey.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to the physicians, the main indications to EN were neoplasms (43.3 %) and neuromotor disorders (36.4 %), the most common administration techniques were percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube (35.6 %) and nasogastric tube (29.2 %), the most common type of feeding was bolus feeding (52.1 %), and most frequent symptoms were diarrhoea (29.2 %), nausea (21.7 %), regurgitation (21.4 %) and abdominal distension (21.1 %). Moreover, 82.8 % of patients reported good tolerance to enteral formulas and these were effective in 91.4 % of patients in terms of nutritional requirements. The most important criteria considered for the selection of an enteral formula of the Nutrison® range in patients with specific EN requirements were patient's energy and nutritional needs (score: 8.8), nutritional formula composition (score: 8.5) and tolerability of the formula (score: 8.3). Nutrison® enteral formulas were effective in terms of nutritional requirements in 92.5 % of patients, had good tolerability in 86.9 %, improved quality of life in 67.1 % and improved general health status in 75.1 %. Most patients were also satisfied with Nutrison® enteral formulas (87.2 %) and their delivery system (87.5 %). Furthermore, the most representative lipid profile benefits in patients treated with Nutrison® enteral formulas were a higher EPA and DHA intake (54.9 %) and a higher combination of medium chain triglycerides (45.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The key factors influencing formula selection were patient energy requirements, formula composition, and tolerance. Enteral formulas of the Nutrison® range were effective, safe and improved quality of life and lipid profile in most of the patients with specific nutritional requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 200-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated factors of hyperuricemia in patients with CKD stages 3–5 and its relation with hemoglobin: A cross-sectional study from Syria","authors":"Mohammad Alsultan ,&nbsp;Jia Batha ,&nbsp;Mohamed Taher Anan ,&nbsp;Marwa Kliea ,&nbsp;Baraa Abdulkader ,&nbsp;Reem Kazkaz ,&nbsp;Nour Kasem ,&nbsp;Jood Barram ,&nbsp;Razan Khalaf ,&nbsp;Sally almattny ,&nbsp;Mohamad Al Masri ,&nbsp;Kassem Basha ,&nbsp;Qussai Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hyperuricemia and anemia are associated with several comorbidities in Chronic-Kidney-Disease (CKD) patients. This study aims to determine the factors related to uric acid (UA) and the relationship between UA and hemoglobin (Hb) in a sample of CKD stages 3–5.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 198 patients. Hyperuricemia was defined as a UA level of &gt;7 mgdL in males and &gt;6 mg/dL in females, while was anemia defined as Hb&lt; 11.5 g/dL. Data were compared between two UA groups [the normal UA group (UA1) and the hyperuricemic group (UA2)]. We used linear regression to determine the relationship between UA and variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hyperuricemia was reported in 55.5% of patients, where males and older patients demonstrated higher UA levels. UA2 group demonstrated higher levels of WBCs, Neutrophils percentage (NP), and phosphorus (phos) (<em>P</em> = 0.005, 0.03, and 0.002; respectively), while lymphocytes percentage (LP) showed a lower level (<em>P</em> = 0.04). Also, urea (Ur), creatinine (Cr), and lipid profiles showed non-significant higher levels in UA2 group. In regression analysis, UA showed positive relations with WBCs (<em>P</em> = 0.003), NP (<em>P</em> = 0.002), Ur (<em>P</em> = 0.01), Phos (<em>P</em> &lt;0.0001), TG (<em>P</em> = 0.01), and Chol (<em>P</em> = 0.02). UA showed negative relations with HDL (<em>P</em>= 0.002), and LP (<em>P</em> = 0.002). There was no correlation between UA and Hb even after subgroup analysis based on GFR and cut-off values of UA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study supported the inflammatory background associated with hyperuricemia. UA correlated with lipids profile in CKD-patients stages 3–5. There was no relation between UA and Hb in CKD patients in addition to previous conflicting data, future studies were required to establish this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 236-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dietetic practice of prescribing amino acid-based formulas in paediatrics patients without cow's milk allergy: A single centre retrospective study","authors":"Graeme O'Connor ,&nbsp;Melissa Mansell","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background &amp; aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Although there is a comprehensive pathway for prescribing amino acid-based (elemental) formulas (AAF) in paediatric patients with cow's milk allergy (CMA), there is a paucity of evidence-based practice for prescribing AAFs in patients without CMA. Gastrointestinal symptoms are some complications that can occur in enteral tube-fed patients, to mitigate these symptoms an AAF may be prescribed. AAFs contain macronutrients that have been enzymatically hydrolysed, requiring minimal digestion and promoting optimal absorption. The primary aim of this retrospective study was to ascertain the dietetic practice of prescribing AAFs to enteral tube-fed paediatric patients without CMA. Secondary outcomes measured weight change at 1 month and 6 months after AAF was prescribed and the incidence of hypophosphatemia at 6 months.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This is a single-centre, retrospective review of paediatric patients prescribed an AAF at a tertiary paediatric hospital between July 2023 and July 2024. Ethical approval was granted by ANONYMISED Audit, Quality Improvement and Service Evaluation Committee: registration number GOSH2024/3834. Inclusion criteria were patients aged between 0 and 16 years old who had been prescribed an AAF as part of their enteral nutrition, providing at least 80% of their estimated energy requirements for any condition other than allergic disease. Exclusion criteria were patients with confirmed immunoglobulin (Ig)E or non-IgE mediated CMA or multiple food allergies, eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease, and Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Data were collected on demographics, anthropometrics, feed regimens, gastrointestinal symptoms, proton pump inhibitor use and serum phosphate concentration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;203 children were prescribed an AAF during the data collection period, of these, 154 of 203 (76%) patients had no allergies. Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common reason for commencing an AAF, 76 of 154 (49%) patients. The median age of patients prescribed AAF was 5.5 (IQR 1.3–9.8) years old. Patients displaying upper or lower gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common reason dietitians prescribed an AAF, 76 of 154 (49%) patients. 44 of 154 (28%) patients prescribed an AAF had a neurological impairment as a primary diagnosis. Dietitians prescribed AAFs as a first-line formula to transition patients off parenteral nutrition in 26 of 154 (17%) patients. 23 of 154 (15%) patients were prescribed an AAF after developing mucositis post high-dose chemotherapy. AAF was also prescribed in patients post cardiac and gastrointestinal surgery, protein-losing enteropathy, and gastrointestinal dystonia. The mean weight-for-age Z-score significantly improved in patients prescribed AAF from -3.7 (1.6SD) at baseline to -2.5 (1.5SD) at 6 months (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;-value 0.001). After 6 months of receiving an AAF, there was no increased probabili","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of dysgeusia on sensory perception, appetite, and texture during oral nutritional supplement consumption in head and neck cancer and multiple myeloma patients","authors":"Ghias Kulsoom ,&nbsp;Krawczyk Janusz ,&nbsp;Gupta Ananya","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysgeusia, an altered taste perception commonly experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, significantly impacts their sensory perception, appetite, and compliance with oral nutritional supplements (ONS), essential for managing malnutrition. This unique study investigates how dysgeusia affects taste and texture perceptions during ONS consumption in this cohort, employing Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) and Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) methods to capture dynamic sensory responses. Sixty-one cancer patients (31 with dysgeusia, 30 without) evaluated five sequential sips of a neutral-flavoured ONS, rating taste and texture using CATA and assessing liking, thirst, hunger, and fullness on hedonic and Visual Analogue Scales.</div><div>Our findings indicate that dysgeusia patients reported heightened perceptions of sweet, caramel, vanilla, and creamy attributes, while non-dysgeusia patients favoured more fluid and neutral textures like runny and viscous. Dysgeusia patients consistently selected more intense flavours and smoother textures, correlating with reduced hunger and increased thirst across sips, suggesting a sensory-specific response to repeated ONS intake (p &lt; 0.05). Notably, dysgeusia patients demonstrated a heightened perception for creamy and silky textures, potentially alleviating sensory discomfort associated with unpleasant metallic or bitter aftertastes. Dysgeusia also influenced fullness and hunger perceptions, impacting overall appetite regulation and adherence to ONS (p &lt; 0.05).</div><div>The study underscores the importance of tailoring ONS formulations to accommodate the altered sensory profiles of cancer patients with dysgeusia, optimizing palatability to improve compliance and nutritional outcomes. Findings also highlight the utility of CATA and TDS in this cancer cohort, providing comprehensive insights into dynamic sensory perceptions and supporting the development of personalized nutritional interventions. This research contributes novel insights into the sensory experience of dysgeusia patients, emphasizing the need for enhanced ONS formulations to meet their unique nutritional requirements and improve their quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 218-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The consumption of fast food and obesity associated with hypertension among restaurant workers in Jordan","authors":"Shayma Taha ,&nbsp;Madi Al-Jaghbir ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Abughoush ,&nbsp;Amal Aljanada","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fast food consumption among those who work in restaurants is a regular occurrence. Frequent consumption of high-caloric foods is a leading cause of obesity which is also a modifiable factor of risk for hypertension. Studies predict that the prevalence of hypertension would rise by 7.2% by 2030 compared to 2013 projections, demonstrating the urgent need for treatments to address the etiology of hypertension.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study's primary objective is to investigate how fast-food intake, portion size, obesity, and hypertension are related among Amman, Jordan, restaurant workers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional design was applied to investigate whether or not there is an association between obesity, regular intake of fast food, and high blood pressure among employees in the food services industry. A convenience sample of 386 restaurant employees was recruited from various restaurants in Amman, Jordan. A self-administered questionnaire that asked about food products, frequency of consumption, and the portion size was used to gather the data. An electric blood pressure monitor was used to track the sample's blood pressure while anthropometric measurements were obtained to determine height and weight. Chi-square test and Spearman rank-ordered correlation approach were used for the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis tests indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between the frequency of fast-food consumption and hypertension (rbp = 0.513, <em>P</em> &lt;0.001). The second correlation test analysis indicates that there is a significant positive correlation between the portion size of fast food and body mass index (rs = 0.529, <em>P</em> &lt;0.001). Moreover, there's a significant positive correlation between the age groups and hypertension (X2=27.686, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001), a significant positive association between obesity and the males of the participants (X2=33.134, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001), and a significant positive association between obesity and age groups (X2=32.132, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The significant association between fast food, obesity, and hypertension among restaurant workers points out that fast food consumption is related to high rates of developing obesity and hypertension among restaurant workers. Data should be used by both health experts and management in the development of workplace health interventions that put an emphasis on restaurant employees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 141-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary fibre intervention in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients and its impact on the gut microbiota","authors":"Zhang Jiayin ,&nbsp;Zhang Meizhu ,&nbsp;Zhang Yi ,&nbsp;Zhang Jie","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>There is currently a lack of effective methods for treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients with normal thyroid function. The microbiota is one of the factors affecting the thyroid gland. Dietary fibre (DF) can promote intestinal health and regulate the gut microbiota. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of DF in treating HT and further explored the impact of DF on the gut microbiota.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and study design</h3><div>To investigate the effects of DF supplementation on HT patients, we conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 70 patients and an exploratory cohort study with 45 patients (included among the 70 patients in the RCT) with HT to investigate the potential impact of DF on the gut microbiota.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After intervention with DF supplements, the antithyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and IL-10 levels decreased, and the thyrotropin (TSH) level increased. However, the differences in Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were not significant. There was no difference in α-diversity or β-diversity. However, in the DF group, the abundances of <em>Xylanophilum</em> and <em>Parabacteroides</em> increased, whereas the abundance of <em>Erysipelatoclostridium</em> decreased. The functional features differed between the two groups. In the DF group, the composition of the DF group microbiota and metabolic functions changed before and after intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The gut microbiota of HT patients shares common characteristics, but DF can cause changes in some gut microbiota, which are correlated with several clinical indicators. Thyroid hormones also affect the gut microbiota of HT patients and are associated with several predicted functions.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>This study was registered in the international traditional medicine clinical trial registry (ITMCTR) (registered code: ITMCTR2024000463) (time of registration: 2024/08/24).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 250-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum regarding missing conflict of interests/consent statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Page 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy drinks exacerbate high-fat diet-induced metabolic and hepatic dysfunction in male and female Wistar rats","authors":"Worship Odosa Agbonifo ,&nbsp;Joseph Chimezie ,&nbsp;Mercy Oluwaseun Awoleye ,&nbsp;Hope Oluwabukola Francis ,&nbsp;Temitope Gabriel Adedeji","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global increase in non-communicable diseases, particularly those linked to obesity and metabolic disorders, is increasingly associated with high-fat diets (HFD) and the rising consumption of energy drinks (ED). This study examines the combined effects of these dietary factors on metabolic health and liver function using male and female Wistar rats. Sixty-four rats (32 males and 32 females) were divided into four dietary groups-control, control + ED, HFD, and HFD + ED, and observed over 12 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, various parameters were assessed, including body anthroprometrics, lipid profile, antioxidant activity, liver function, glucose and insulin levels, leptin levels, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance, and liver histology.</div><div>The results indicated that female rats in the HFD + ED group experienced increased BMI and elevated leptin levels, suggesting enhanced adiposity and potential leptin resistance. Male rats showed muscle mass gains without corresponding increases in BMI, indicating a different metabolic response to caloric intake. Significant increases in serum SOD and CAT levels were observed in female rats, alongside elevated CAT levels in male rats, pointing to a compensatory response to oxidative stress. Additionally, increases in liver function parameters ALT and ALP, particularly in female rats, indicated liver damage. Total protein levels were also decreased in female Wistar rats, suggesting reduced protein synthesis. Histological analysis confirmed hepatic injury, which was exacerbated by the combined intake of HFD and ED. These findings demonstrate that the combined intake of a high-fat diet and energy drinks leads to significant metabolic disruptions and liver damage in Wistar rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 111-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genome-wide study of the effect of alcohol consumption on the risk of type 2 diabetes","authors":"Ariane Belzile ,&nbsp;Sam Pedro Galilée Ayivi ,&nbsp;Géraldine Asselin ,&nbsp;Sylvie Provost ,&nbsp;Louis-Philippe Lemieux Perreault ,&nbsp;Marie-Christyne Cyr ,&nbsp;Marie-Pierre Dubé","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>The relationship between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes risk is often described as a J- or U-shaped curve, with moderate drinkers having a lower risk compared to non-drinkers and heavy drinkers. However, this protective effect appears to be more pronounced in women than in men, suggesting a potential interaction between sex-specific factors and alcohol metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an interaction genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic variants that modify the relationship between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes risk in a sex-specific manner. We utilized data from the UK Biobank in a case-control approach including 309,568 individuals to investigate the three-way interaction between genetic variants, alcohol consumption, and sex on type 2 diabetes risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified genetic variant rs78681203, located between the <em>FOXO6</em> and <em>EDN2</em> genes, with a significant sex-specific interaction with alcohol consumption (interaction p = 2.85 × 10⁻⁸). The T allele of rs78681203 was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in women consuming 0 to &lt;4 UK units/week (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07–1.34) but had a protective effect in women consuming 4 to &lt;28 UK units/week (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69–0.95). Conversely, in men, the T allele was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in the 4 to &lt;28 UK units/week group (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08–1.32) and had a protective effect in the 0 to &lt;4 UK units/week group (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.99).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that genetic variation may play a role in the differential effects of alcohol consumption on type 2 diabetes risk between men and women. Further replication and mechanistic studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of the identified genetic variant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 78-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}