Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Beneficial effects of probiotics to flatten the curve of COVID-19 pandemic: A review","authors":"Samira Rabiei ,&nbsp;Zinat Kamali ,&nbsp;Parmida Jamilian ,&nbsp;Parsa Jamilian","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>COVID-19 is a newly emerging pathogen responsible for respiratory infections and has caused high morbidity and mortality globally. To date, there is no effective treatment protocol for this virus.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The current study has reviewed the probable mechanisms involved in relation between probiotic supplementation and corona virus disease. It also has found the most beneficial strains of probiotic in this regard.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Major search engines such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Medline, and Google Scholar have been used for searching English papers and SID, Magiran, and IranMedex for Persian language papers through keywords such as COVID-19, corona virus, probiotic, clinical trials since early 2020 until the end of 2023. Next, we manually reviewed the contents of these articles. Inclusion criteria included clinical trials on both sexes without any comorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Based on the clinical trials that were assessed in this review, we found that probiotics decrease fever, cough, nasal congestion, shortness of breath and diarrhea in patients with corona virus disease. Furthermore, remission and modification of main symptoms of disease occur sooner in patients who receive oral bacterio therapy compared to those who receive only drug regimen. It also seems that probiotic supplementation not only can reduce requirement to use mechanical ventilation in patients, but also decrease the mortality rate caused by disease. One of the interesting findings of this review is that the most beneficial effects of bacterio therapy, could be attributed to Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genus.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Consuming probiotics against coronavirus seems promising in prevention and treatment. Probiotics' health and safety benefits have been confirmed, including their role in fighting certain viral infections. Further research is needed to confirm their appropriate performance as a new approach to remission COVID-19 viruses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 348-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences among patients with short bowel syndrome and their caregivers: Insights from targeted forums","authors":"Carine Khalil ,&nbsp;Christopher V. Almario ,&nbsp;Taylor Dupuy ,&nbsp;Sam Eberlein ,&nbsp;Shirley Paski ,&nbsp;Bram P. Raphael ,&nbsp;Brennan M.R. Spiegel","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a rare and severe disease that significantly impacts patients' quality of life, as they experience malnutrition, diarrhea, weight loss, and frequently require parenteral nutrition (PN). However, there are few large sample qualitative analyses examining the biopsychosocial impact of SBS. In this study, we conducted social netnography of online posts to examine the perspectives, experiences, and concerns among patients with SBS and their caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We extracted 20,221 publicly available posts from SBS-specific sites and other e-forums between 1/1/2010-1/11/2021. After applying SBS keyword filters (e.g., short bowel, short gut, SBS) and manual review, we identified 316 relevant posts. We used an open coding technique to qualitatively analyze the posts and visualized the themes/subthemes using an empathy map.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 70.6% and 14.9% of posts were made by caregivers and patients with SBS, respectively; the source was unclear for 14.6% of posts. People commonly posted about their emotions related to SBS. They also sought and shared information on how to manage SBS symptoms, navigate treatment options, and improve quality of life. They also discussed their challenges, such as financial struggles, finding day care facilities, coordinating with healthcare providers, and managing PN-related infections, among many other issues.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings demonstrate the marked impact of SBS on the biopsychosocial wellbeing of patients and their caregivers. Given their significant challenges, multidisciplinary teams that include clinicians, dieticians, social workers, nurse case managers, and mental health professionals are needed to support people with SBS and their families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 361-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Religious intermittent fasting: Effects on liver health, metabolic markers, and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes patients","authors":"Svenja Sydor ,&nbsp;Ender Engin ,&nbsp;Samantha Wittek ,&nbsp;Peter Lemmer ,&nbsp;Jan Best ,&nbsp;Martin Steinmetz ,&nbsp;Anja Figge ,&nbsp;Andreas Jähnert ,&nbsp;Mustafa Özcürümez ,&nbsp;Martina Broecker-Preuss ,&nbsp;Wing-Kin Syn ,&nbsp;Ali Canbay ,&nbsp;Paul Manka","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Religious fasting during Ramadan involves a time-restricted intake of food and drink, which can be compared to intermittent fasting. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of a one-month fast on liver damage, glucose metabolism and changes in gut microbiota in a cohort of type 2 diabetic patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Blood and fecal samples were taken before and after the four-week fasting period. Serum was analyzed for various parameters related to liver damage and monitor diabetes and lipid metabolism. Fecal samples were used to analyze the 16sRNA microbiota. Liver status was assessed using transient elastography measurement (TEM) and the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant weight loss was observed in patients after the fasting period, and liver transaminases, triglycerides as well as the apoptosis marker M30 and serum adiponectin were significantly reduced after intermittent fasting. Analysis of microbiota showed an increase in species richness after four weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this cohort of type 2 diabetes patients, a reduction of markers indicating liver damage (M30) was observed, though most values remained within the normal range. Health benefits of fasting were not sustained, as M30 levels increased after fasting ended suggesting that the beneficial effects may be due to intermittent fasting itself rather than reduced calorie intake. The mechanisms potentially affect hormonal, inflammatory and stress- and circadian rhythm-related pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 370-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of resveratrol on the viability of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Fatemeh Ghasemi ,&nbsp;RozaSadat RezaTofighi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Moradiani Moradabadi ,&nbsp;Mona Zamanpour ,&nbsp;Michael Aghcheli ,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Ali Khatib ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ashabi","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Resveratrol is a plant polyphenol that has antioxidant properties. In this research, in order to better understand the role of resveratrol on bone, the effect of different doses of resveratrol on the viability, proliferation, differentiation and biochemical factors of rat bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells (MSCs) was investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To evaluate the ability of proliferation and differentiation, the MSCs were cultured up to three passages and were placed in culture media without osteogenic stimulation. At first to investigation the proliferation ability, the viability was evaluated by MTT test and trypan blue staining with 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/L treatment doses after 12, 24 and 36 hours. Then, to investigation the differentiation ability, the effect of 7.5, 15, and 30 mg/L treatment doses was assessed on the viability, electrolyte levels, and the activity of LDH, AST, ALP and ALT enzymes in differentiated cells after 5, 10, 15, and 21 days. To investigation the differentiation ability, the effect of 7.5, 15, and 30 mg/L treatment doses was assessed on the viability, electrolyte levels, and the activity of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes in differentiated cells after 5, 10, 15, and 21 days. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test, and p&lt;0.05 was considered as a significant level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The obtained results showed that in mesenchyme cells, the level of viability does not change in low dose of resveratrol, however increase in the time followed by decrease in the activity of metabolic enzymes (ALP, ALT and AST P&lt;0.5) and subsequently viability (p&lt;0.05), and this trend was reversed with increasing resveratrol concentration (significant differences among 5 days and others).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The effect of resveratrol depends on the type of cell and the treatment conditions, so it was shown in this study that the sensitivity of mesenchymal cells is higher than that of osteoblast cells. In addition, high doses of resveratrol had a positive effect on bone differentiation, so high doses of resveratrol can have a beneficial role on the health of mesenchymal cells and their differentiation into osteoblasts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 337-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling mortality predictors: Exploring phase angle as a prognostic indicator in adult and elderly patients on home enteral nutrition in curitiba","authors":"Paola Pasini Vicenski ,&nbsp;Janaina Bach Naslowski ,&nbsp;Estela Iraci Rabito ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Maria Eliana Madalozzo Schieferdecker","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>This study investigated the Standardized Phase Angle (SPA) as a prognostic indicator of mortality among individuals undergoing Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an observational, analytical, longitudinal study involving 108 HEN participants. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, with reactance and resistance values utilized to estimate PA. Following adjustments for age and sex, SPA was derived. Clinical outcomes such as recurrence or death were ascertained by contacting patients or caregivers via telephone 90 days post initial home visit. We examined the association between SPA, disease, and mortality outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of patients were elderly, with a mean age of 68.8 years, predominantly male (56.5%), and afflicted with neurological diseases (70.4%). SPA yielded a negative value in 88.9% of the sample. A high SPA value indicated greater protection (OR 0.50, CI 0.28–0.89, <em>P</em> = 0.0181). Males exhibited lower SPA values compared to females (-2.9 vs. -1.8, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). Patients with cancer had a 492% higher likelihood of mortality compared to those with neurological diseases (OR 5.92, CI 1.23–28.46, <em>P</em> = 0.0263). The ROC curve demonstrated that the optimal SPA cutoff for identifying mortality risk was -2.6°.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SPA has emerged as a predictive tool for mortality in patients with HEN. SPA can be used as a complementary tool in the general nutritional assessment of this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 326-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and feasibility of an exclusive enteral formula unprocessed and minimally processed foods added with yam flour (Dioscorea cayenensis)","authors":"Sandy Ferreira Martins ,&nbsp;Maria Tatiana Ferreira dos Santos ,&nbsp;Talita Silveira Queiroga ,&nbsp;Andrei Felipe Loureiro do Monte Guedes ,&nbsp;Ana Luiza Mattos Braga ,&nbsp;Cinthia Karla Rodrigues do Monte Guedes ,&nbsp;Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Gonçalves","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background and Aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Homemade enteral formulas have been resurfacing with a view to offering a diet free of additives and composed of fresh foods for therapeutic use for the population using enteral diets. Prioritizing healthy food groups and including natural complements, such as yam flour, is a strategy that aims to guarantee nutritional support while preserving the particular technological properties of foods delivered via probe. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an exclusive homemade enteral formula with fresh and minimally processed foods, added with yam flour (&lt;em&gt;Dioscorea cayenensis&lt;/em&gt;), according to the NOVA classification system; evaluate its nutritional, physicochemical, microbiological, rheological and osmolar characteristics, in addition to the production feasibility study.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;All raw materials used for the homemade enteral formula belong to group 1 or 2 of the NOVA classification system. An energy value of 1550 kcal/day was defined for the diet formula, with a distribution of 45% carbohydrate, 20% protein, 35% lipids and 30g fiber. Analyzes were carried out in triplicate for osmolarity, water activity, viscosity, physical stability observed after 24 hours under refrigeration, fluidity along the probe path and drip verification using the gravitational method (mL/minute). Energy density was calculated according to the calories provided by the diet and expressed in Kcal/mL. Microbiological analyzes were performed in accordance with American Public Health Association standards and formula cost was obtained.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The formula had a density of 0.64kcal/mL and osmolality of 248.92 mOsm/kg, being hypocaloric, hyperproteic and normolipidic. There was no microbial growth during the 24 hours of analysis. It showed pseudoplastic behavior (n=0.5), being approximately five times more viscous at rest (1543.3 mPa∗s) than in probe flow (30.1 mPa∗s). For thixotropy, a value (119 mPa∗s) was obtained. It is considered stable and homogeneous after refrigeration for 24 hours, with adequate fluidity and an average drip of 86±3.05 drops/min. The rheological characteristics were enhanced due to the presence of yam nutrients, including starch, non-starchy polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and dietary fiber, which provide the formula with an optimal consistency for enteral administration. It presented reduced cost (77.09%, 79.57% and 80.87%) when compared to three standard commercial formulas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The NIEF proposal in this study is unprecedented in that it favors a healthier dietary pattern, according to the NOVA food classification system, for the vulnerable population that needs to use enteral nutrition. The formula presented adequate nutritional, physicochemical, microbiological and rheological parameters, in addition to its low cost, which makes the use of the proposed formula viable in patients undergoing enteral nutritional therapy.","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 316-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological and histopathological effects of sodium benzoate used in commercially available fruit juice on liver and kidney tissue in mice model","authors":"Dina Akter ,&nbsp;Md Meskatul Islam ,&nbsp;Md Imam Hossain ,&nbsp;Md Esrafil ,&nbsp;Bishnu Pada Dey ,&nbsp;Luthfunnesa Bari ,&nbsp;Md Abu Zubair","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study was designed to explore the toxic effects of SB overuse on blood biochemical and histopathological changes in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of sixty four (64) male swiss albino mice were divided into 08 (eight) groups. Group-1 was control that caring with normal standard diet and water, whereas mice in group-2, 3 and 4 were treated with market juice-1, 2, and 3. Group-5, 6 and 7 were treated with lab made juice-1, 2, and 3. Group-8 was treated just with SB and water.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher level of glucose was found mainly in the market juice in Group-4 and Group-2. ALT, AST and ALP also the showed higher level of activity, which indicates generally in liver dysfunction. In case of AST activity, in the market treated juice group as group-2, 3, and 4 showed the higher level as compared to control group. However in the lab juice, elevated level of AST also estimated in the group-5, 6, and 7 respectively. ALP, another important enzyme in biochemical study, showed significant alterations in activity level in the treatment groups. Highest ALP level was found in group-6 and group-4. Level of creatinine was measured to observe change in the kidney. When studying this parameter, it was noted that, mice in group-8 showed highest levels of serum creatinine, which was also followed by group-4. Another biochemical parameter, bilirubin showed variations in the level in different treatment groups in this study. Bilirubin level was increased remarkably in the market juice treated group-3 and in the lab juice treated group-7. The groups showed significant alteration in histopathology of liver and kidney.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It can be concluded from the study that, excessive consumption of the market juices can have adverse effects on mice blood serum activity and organ function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 302-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum regarding previously published article","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Page 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of bioelectrical impedance phase angle in mice: Comparison between young and old mice","authors":"Nobuto Nakanishi,&nbsp;Nagato Katsura,&nbsp;Jun Sugiyama,&nbsp;Joji Kotani","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Phase angle is an important parameter for assessing tissue quality. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used to assess phase angle in human subjects, but its application in mice is scarcely reported.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A commercially available BIA device (InBody M20, InBody, Korea) was used in this study. Needles were inserted subcutaneously for measurements under inhaled anesthesia. The phase angle at 50 kH was used for comparison. First, the measurements were conducted in different electrode positions (proximal or distal) and different time series during anesthesia or after euthanasia. Second, we compared the phase angle, body weight, grip strength, and tibialis anterior muscle cross-sectional area between young (12 weeks) and old (approximately 2 years) male C57BL/6J mice.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The phase angle was different in the proximal or distal position of the electrode (<em>p</em> = 0.02). Although the phase angle changed after euthanasia, it was not different during anesthesia (<em>p</em> = 0.39–84). Under distal electrode position and anesthesia, the body weight and cross-sectional area of the right anterior muscle were higher in old mice than in young mice (young vs. old, body weight: 24.4 ± 1.0 g vs. 33.2 ± 3.4 g, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01; cross-sectional area: 723 ± 365 μm² vs. 977 ± 398 μm², <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), but grip strength was lower in old mice (14.6 ± 1.3 g vs. 12.7 ± 1.8 g, <em>p</em> = 0.02). The phase angle was lower in old mice than in young mice (11.5 ± 0.9 vs. 10.2 ± 1.2, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>BIA measurement in mice was feasible and reproducible, and the low phase angle was associated with reduced muscle strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 265-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of a chest radiograph-based deep learning model to identify an imaging biomarker for malnutrition in older adults","authors":"Ryo Sasaki ,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Nakao ,&nbsp;Fumihiro Mawatari ,&nbsp;Takahito Nishihara ,&nbsp;Masafumi Haraguchi ,&nbsp;Masanori Fukushima ,&nbsp;Ryu Sasaki ,&nbsp;Satoshi Miuma ,&nbsp;Hisamitsu Miyaaki ,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Nakao","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) models based on chest radiography have gained attention in various fields, including cardiac function, age estimation, and clinical assessment during hospitalization. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria are widely used in malnutrition diagnosis. The objective of this study is to examine the predictive ability of chest radiographs using deep learning techniques in relation to hematological parameters that are already known to be associated with malnutrition, as well as malnutrition scores, including GLIM criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 3701 older patients (age ≥65 years) were admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022, and after excluding those with missing data, participants (N=2862) were enrolled. Chest Radiographs, Basic information (height, weight, age, and sex), hematological parameters (albumin, hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, and C-reactive protein), malnutritional assessments: GLIM severity, Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), modified Controlling Nutritional status (mCONUT), and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and Nutritional Support Team (NST) intervention were extracted and utilized as training and validation data. We used chest radiographic image's matrix as explanatory variables for numerical (hematological parameters) or categorical (scoring) nutritional data as objective variables. A previously reported deep learning model helped construct a chest radiography-based prediction model from the training data. The predicted data were evaluated by computing the correlation coefficients and area under the curve (AUC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As a numerical variables analysis, albumin and hemoglobin predictions were relatively accurate (R=0.71, 0.74). As a categorical malnutritional prediction, chest radiograph-based AI effectively aided nutritional decisions based on GNRI (AUC: 0.88, 0.83, 0.88, and 0.90), SGA (0.75, 0.71, and 0.88), mCONUT (0.84, 0.88, 0.90, and 0.88), and GLIM severity (0.88, 0.82, and 0.85) class indices. The Class activation maps (CAM) analysis identified variation in the X-ray sites for each malnutritional AI prediction, with some sites in agreement and others in disagreement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Deep learning-based chest radiographic AI has the potential to more accurately reflect malnutrition scoring than hematologic parameters. Furthermore, it can predict outcomes and assess malnutrition, including GLIM criteria. It is anticipated that AI will be integrated into the NST workflow in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 240-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}