Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献_第2页

Nutritional assessment in patients with chronic liver disease – Current accessibility and implementation 慢性肝病患者的营养评估 - 当前的可及性和实施情况

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.008

Daphne Bot , Maarten E. Tushuizen , Bart van Hoek

Background and Aims

Poor body composition is associated with impaired outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), and various assessment tools are used. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the clinical practice of nutritional assessment in patients with CLD.

Methods

A semi-structured online survey on nutritional assessment tools for measuring body composition in patients with CLD was conducted among hepatologists and dietitians, mainly from hospitals between April 2023 and May 2023.

Results

A total of 45 eligible surveys were included in this study (dieticians N=35, hepatologists N=10). All dieticians had at least one nutritional assessment tool available. Bio-electrical impedance and hand-grip strength were the most available and used. The most important reasons for assessment were diagnosis of nutritional status, evaluation of nutritional intervention and for assessing risk of mortality. A proportion of 49% of the dieticians and 60% of the hepatologists respectively were familiar with the ‘European society of parenteral and enteral nutrition Guideline Clinical Nutrition in Liver disease’. Only 13% of dieticians and 60% of the hepatologists knew the ‘European Association for the Study of the Liver Clinical Practice Guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease’ and only eight dieticians and one hepatologist used a protocol for nutritional assessment in patients with CLD.

Conclusion

The importance of measuring body composition in patients with CLD for diagnosing and monitoring nutritional status and for assessing risk of mortality is well-known by dieticians and most hepatologists. However, implementation of the current guidelines is substandard and should be improved.

背景和目的身体成分不良与慢性肝病（CLD）患者的预后受损有关，目前使用的评估工具多种多样。本研究旨在深入了解慢性肝病患者营养评估的临床实践情况。方法在 2023 年 4 月至 2023 年 5 月期间，对主要来自医院的肝病专家和营养师进行了关于测量慢性肝病患者身体成分的营养评估工具的半结构化在线调查。结果本研究共纳入 45 份符合条件的调查（营养师 N=35，肝病专家 N=10）。所有营养师都至少拥有一种营养评估工具。生物电阻抗和手握力是可用和使用最多的工具。进行评估的最重要原因是诊断营养状况、评估营养干预措施和评估死亡风险。分别有 49% 的营养师和 60% 的肝病专家熟悉 "欧洲肠外和肠内营养学会肝病临床营养指南"。只有 13% 的营养师和 60% 的肝病专家了解《欧洲肝病研究协会慢性肝病营养临床实践指南》，而且只有 8 名营养师和 1 名肝病专家使用了慢性肝病患者营养评估规程。然而，现行指南的执行情况并不达标，应加以改进。

{"title":"Nutritional assessment in patients with chronic liver disease – Current accessibility and implementation","authors":"Daphne Bot , Maarten E. Tushuizen , Bart van Hoek","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Poor body composition is associated with impaired outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), and various assessment tools are used. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the clinical practice of nutritional assessment in patients with CLD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A semi-structured online survey on nutritional assessment tools for measuring body composition in patients with CLD was conducted among hepatologists and dietitians, mainly from hospitals between April 2023 and May 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 45 eligible surveys were included in this study (dieticians N=35, hepatologists N=10). All dieticians had at least one nutritional assessment tool available. Bio-electrical impedance and hand-grip strength were the most available and used. The most important reasons for assessment were diagnosis of nutritional status, evaluation of nutritional intervention and for assessing risk of mortality. A proportion of 49% of the dieticians and 60% of the hepatologists respectively were familiar with the ‘European society of parenteral and enteral nutrition Guideline Clinical Nutrition in Liver disease’. Only 13% of dieticians and 60% of the hepatologists knew the ‘European Association for the Study of the Liver Clinical Practice Guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease’ and only eight dieticians and one hepatologist used a protocol for nutritional assessment in patients with CLD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The importance of measuring body composition in patients with CLD for diagnosing and monitoring nutritional status and for assessing risk of mortality is well-known by dieticians and most hepatologists. However, implementation of the current guidelines is substandard and should be improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 206-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces human milk antibodies capable of mediating multiple functional activities SARS-CoV-2 感染会诱导能够介导多种功能活动的母乳抗体

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.009

Jared Sheehan , Aline Andres , Laxmi Yeruva , Alistair J. Ramsay

Background and Aims

Passive transfer of antibodies through breastfeeding is a potential mode of protection for newborns and infants following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate and characterize SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S)-specific antibodies in human milk samples collected longitudinally from a cohort of convalescent mothers.

Methods

SARS-CoV-2 infected participants enrolled in this study were lactating women aged 29–36 years with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who donated milk samples at intervals over the six-month study period. Samples were evaluated for antibody subclass SARS-Cov-2 S glycoprotein binding activity by ELISA, and for the capacity of antibodies purified from these samples to mediate neutralizing antibody (nAb) activity in S pseudovirus inhibition assays and phagocytic activity in an antibody-dependent phagocytosis assay.

Results

Robust S-reactive IgM, IgG and IgA ELISA titers were found at day 7 after enrollment, with IgG and IgA levels persisting through 6 months. The majority of S-reactive IgA in milk was secretory in nature. Strong IgG (mean IC₅₀ value 29.19μg/ml) and IgA (mean IC₅₀ value 10.17μg/ml) nAb activity was found in all convalescent samples at 14 days with a decline by 3 months after the onset of symptoms but was not seen in pre-pandemic controls. Both IgG and IgA antibodies mediated phagocytic activity in samples from all subjects by day 14 after the onset of symptoms.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that human milk from SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers have the capacity to transfer SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies capable of mediating multiple functional activities to newborns via breastfeeding.

背景和目的通过母乳喂养进行抗体的被动转移是母体感染 SARS-CoV-2 后保护新生儿和婴儿的一种潜在方式。本研究的主要目的是评估和描述从一组疗养母亲体内纵向收集的母乳样本中的 SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) 特异性抗体。用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对样本进行SARS-Cov-2 S糖蛋白抗体亚类结合活性评估，并评估从这些样本中纯化的抗体在S伪病毒抑制试验中介导中和抗体（nAb）活性的能力，以及在抗体依赖性吞噬试验中介导吞噬活性的能力。牛奶中的大多数 S 反应性 IgA 为分泌型。所有康复样本在14天时都发现了较强的IgG（平均IC50值为29.19微克/毫升）和IgA（平均IC50值为10.17微克/毫升）nAb活性，在症状出现3个月后有所下降，但在疫前对照组中未发现。结论：我们的研究结果表明，SARS-CoV-2 感染母亲的母乳有能力通过母乳喂养将 SARS-CoV-2 特异性抗体传递给新生儿，这种抗体能够介导多种功能活动。

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection induces human milk antibodies capable of mediating multiple functional activities","authors":"Jared Sheehan , Aline Andres , Laxmi Yeruva , Alistair J. Ramsay","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Passive transfer of antibodies through breastfeeding is a potential mode of protection for newborns and infants following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate and characterize SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S)-specific antibodies in human milk samples collected longitudinally from a cohort of convalescent mothers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 infected participants enrolled in this study were lactating women aged 29–36 years with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who donated milk samples at intervals over the six-month study period. Samples were evaluated for antibody subclass SARS-Cov-2 S glycoprotein binding activity by ELISA, and for the capacity of antibodies purified from these samples to mediate neutralizing antibody (nAb) activity in S pseudovirus inhibition assays and phagocytic activity in an antibody-dependent phagocytosis assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Robust S-reactive IgM, IgG and IgA ELISA titers were found at day 7 after enrollment, with IgG and IgA levels persisting through 6 months. The majority of S-reactive IgA in milk was secretory in nature. Strong IgG (mean IC<sub>50</sub> value 29.19μg/ml) and IgA (mean IC<sub>50</sub> value 10.17μg/ml) nAb activity was found in all convalescent samples at 14 days with a decline by 3 months after the onset of symptoms but was not seen in pre-pandemic controls. Both IgG and IgA antibodies mediated phagocytic activity in samples from all subjects by day 14 after the onset of symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings indicate that human milk from SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers have the capacity to transfer SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies capable of mediating multiple functional activities to newborns via breastfeeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 215-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serum vitamin D levels in older adults with and without dyslipidemia: A comparison using baseline data from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS) 患有和未患有血脂异常的老年人的血清维生素 D 水平：利用比尔詹德老龄化纵向研究（BLAS）的基线数据进行比较

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.004

Fatemeh Alizadeh , Fatemeh Salmani , Farshad Sharifi , Mitra Moodi , Masomeh Khorashadizadeh , Zoya Tahergorabi

Background & Aims

Nowadays, research on extraskeletal effects of Vitamin D on human health is growing This study aimed to Serum vitamin D levels measurement in older adults with and without dyslipidemia: a comparison using baseline data from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS).

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 420 elderly people over 60 years old divided into in two equal groups with and without dyslipidemia. Data were drawn from the first phase of Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS). A questionnaire containing demographic information and Mini nutritional assessment (MNA) was completed through interviews. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and after 12 hours of fasting, 5 mL of venous blood was taken to measure the serum levels of 25(OH) D and lipid profile.

Results

Among the elderly, 37.3%, 33.3% and 29.3% had sufficient, insufficient and deficient Vitamin D levels, respectively. A significant difference in triglyceride levels was observed between the two groups of elderly individuals with insufficient and deficient Vitamin D levels (P=0.011). Multiple logistic regression showed that an increase in the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (P = 0.005, OR = 18.46) and BMI (P = 0.001, OR = 18.46) significantly increased the odds of dyslipidemia.

Conclusions

Vitamin D deficiency or insufficient was common among the elderly and was associated with elevated serum triglyceride levels.

背景& 目的如今，有关维生素 D 对人体健康的骨骼外影响的研究日益增多，本研究旨在利用比尔詹德纵向老龄化研究（Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study，BLAS）的基线数据，对患有和未患有血脂异常的老年人的血清维生素 D 水平进行比较。数据来自比尔詹德老龄化纵向研究（Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study，BLAS）的第一阶段。通过访谈完成了一份包含人口统计学信息和迷你营养评估（MNA）的调查问卷。结果老年人中分别有 37.3%、33.3% 和 29.3%的人维生素 D 水平充足、不足和缺乏。维生素 D 水平不足和缺乏的两组老年人的甘油三酯水平存在明显差异（P=0.011）。多重逻辑回归显示，血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）（P = 0.005，OR = 18.46）和体重指数（BMI）（P = 0.001，OR = 18.46）的增加会显著增加血脂异常的几率。

{"title":"Serum vitamin D levels in older adults with and without dyslipidemia: A comparison using baseline data from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS)","authors":"Fatemeh Alizadeh , Fatemeh Salmani , Farshad Sharifi , Mitra Moodi , Masomeh Khorashadizadeh , Zoya Tahergorabi","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background & Aims</h3><div>Nowadays, research on extraskeletal effects of Vitamin D on human health is growing This study aimed to Serum vitamin D levels measurement in older adults with and without dyslipidemia: a comparison using baseline data from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 420 elderly people over 60 years old divided into in two equal groups with and without dyslipidemia. Data were drawn from the first phase of Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS). A questionnaire containing demographic information and Mini nutritional assessment (MNA) was completed through interviews. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and after 12 hours of fasting, 5 mL of venous blood was taken to measure the serum levels of 25(OH) D and lipid profile.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the elderly, 37.3%, 33.3% and 29.3% had sufficient, insufficient and deficient Vitamin D levels, respectively. A significant difference in triglyceride levels was observed between the two groups of elderly individuals with insufficient and deficient Vitamin D levels (<em>P</em>=0.011). Multiple logistic regression showed that an increase in the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (<em>P</em> = 0.005, OR = 18.46) and BMI (<em>P</em> = 0.001, OR = 18.46) significantly increased the odds of dyslipidemia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Vitamin D deficiency or insufficient was common among the elderly and was associated with elevated serum triglyceride levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 155-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accuracy of resting energy expenditure predictive equations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors 2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）幸存者静息能量消耗预测方程的准确性

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.007

Montserrat Montes-Ibarra , Camila L.P. Oliveira , Taiwo Olobatuyi , Maria Cristina Gonzalez , Richard Thompson , D. Ian Paterson , Carla M. Prado

Background & Aims

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with abnormal energy metabolism and lead to inaccurate resting energy expenditure (REE) estimations by predictive equations. Here, we report measured REE (mREE) of a group of COVID-19 survivors and compared its accuracy against predicted REE (pREE).

Methods

This was a cross-sectional analysis of patients who survived COVID-19 prior to July 2021. An indirect calorimeter was used for mREE and compared against 21 pREE equations, 10 of which used a measure of body composition. Paired t-tests and Bland-Altman analysis were used to evaluate agreement and relative accuracy or bias for percentage error between pREE and mREE; measurements within ±10% were considered accurate.

Results

We assessed 38 COVID-19 survivors; age: 48.5y (interquartile range: 40.2, 60.0), body mass index: 29.3±5.6 kg/m², mREE: 1520± 275 kcal/d, time since COVID-19: 183.2 ±34.4 days. Ten (47.6%) pREE equations were significantly different from mREE (P <0.05). Harris-Benedict equation had the smallest limits of agreement, ranging from -14.3% to 25.8% (or -249 to 393 kcal/d). Mifflin St-Jeor was the most accurate equation (within 10% of mREE). The best performing equation (Mifflin St-Jeor) still over or under-estimated pREE in ∼37% of the patients.

Conclusion

A large variability in mREE versus pREE was observed in COVID-19 survivors. Even the most accurate equation (Mifflin St-Jeor) exhibited higher inaccuracies compared to mREE. We need to explore better methods to estimate energy requirements during the COVID-19 recovery period, until more accurate predictive equations are developed this population.

背景& 目的2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）可能与能量代谢异常有关，并导致预测方程对静息能量消耗（REE）的估计不准确。在此，我们报告了一组 COVID-19 幸存者的测量 REE（mREE），并将其准确性与预测 REE（pREE）进行了比较。使用间接热量计计算 mREE，并与 21 种 pREE 方程进行比较，其中 10 种使用了身体成分测量方法。使用配对 t 检验和 Bland-Altman 分析来评估 pREE 和 mREE 之间的一致性以及百分比误差的相对准确性或偏差；测量结果在 ±10% 以内视为准确：体重指数：29.3±5.6 kg/m2，mREE：1520±275 kcal/d，自 COVID-19 后的时间：183.2 ±34.4 天：183.2±34.4天。10个（47.6%）pREE方程与 mREE 有显著差异（P <0.05）。哈里斯-本尼迪克特方程的一致性范围最小，从-14.3%到25.8%（或-249到393千卡/天）不等。Mifflin St-Jeor 是最准确的方程（mREE 的 10%以内）。结论在 COVID-19 存活者中观察到 mREE 与 pREE 之间存在很大差异。即使是最准确的方程（Mifflin St-Jeor）也显示出比 mREE 更高的不准确性。我们需要探索更好的方法来估算 COVID-19 恢复期的能量需求，直到开发出更准确的预测公式。

{"title":"Accuracy of resting energy expenditure predictive equations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors","authors":"Montserrat Montes-Ibarra , Camila L.P. Oliveira , Taiwo Olobatuyi , Maria Cristina Gonzalez , Richard Thompson , D. Ian Paterson , Carla M. Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background & Aims</h3><div>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with abnormal energy metabolism and lead to inaccurate resting energy expenditure (REE) estimations by predictive equations. Here, we report measured REE (mREE) of a group of COVID-19 survivors and compared its accuracy against predicted REE (pREE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional analysis of patients who survived COVID-19 prior to July 2021. An indirect calorimeter was used for mREE and compared against 21 pREE equations, 10 of which used a measure of body composition. Paired t-tests and Bland-Altman analysis were used to evaluate agreement and relative accuracy or bias for percentage error between pREE and mREE; measurements within ±10% were considered accurate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We assessed 38 COVID-19 survivors; age: 48.5y (interquartile range: 40.2, 60.0), body mass index: 29.3±5.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, mREE: 1520± 275 kcal/d, time since COVID-19: 183.2 ±34.4 days. Ten (47.6%) pREE equations were significantly different from mREE (<em>P</em> <0.05). Harris-Benedict equation had the smallest limits of agreement, ranging from -14.3% to 25.8% (or -249 to 393 kcal/d). Mifflin St-Jeor was the most accurate equation (within 10% of mREE). The best performing equation (Mifflin St-Jeor) still over or under-estimated pREE in ∼37% of the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A large variability in mREE versus pREE was observed in COVID-19 survivors. Even the most accurate equation (Mifflin St-Jeor) exhibited higher inaccuracies compared to mREE. We need to explore better methods to estimate energy requirements during the COVID-19 recovery period, until more accurate predictive equations are developed this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 175-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediabetes detection in unconstrained conditions using wearable sensors 利用可穿戴传感器在无限制条件下检测糖尿病前期症状

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.013

Dimitra Tatli , Vasileios Papapanagiotou , Aris Liakos , Apostolos Tsapas , Anastasios Delopoulos

Prediabetes is a common health condition that often goes undetected until it progresses to type 2 diabetes. Early identification of prediabetes is essential for timely intervention and prevention of complications. This research explores the feasibility of using wearable continuous glucose monitoring along with smartwatches with embedded inertial sensors to collect glucose measurements and acceleration signals respectively, for the early detection of prediabetes. We propose a methodology based on signal processing and machine learning techniques. Two feature sets are extracted from the collected signals, based both on a dynamic modeling of the human glucose-homeostasis system and on the Glucose curve, inspired by three major glucose related blood tests. Features are aggregated per individual using bootstrap. Support Vector Machines are used to classify normoglycemic vs. prediabetic individuals. We collected data from 22 participants for evaluation. The results are highly encouraging, demonstrating high sensitivity and precision. This work is a proof of concept, highlighting the potential of wearable devices in prediabetes assessment. Future directions involve expanding the study to a larger, more diverse population and exploring the integration of CGM and smartwatch functionalities into a unified device. Automated eating detecting algorithms can also be used.

糖尿病前期是一种常见的健康问题，在发展为 2 型糖尿病之前往往不被发现。早期识别糖尿病前期对及时干预和预防并发症至关重要。本研究探讨了使用可穿戴连续葡萄糖监测仪和带有嵌入式惯性传感器的智能手表分别收集葡萄糖测量值和加速度信号以早期检测糖尿病前期的可行性。我们提出了一种基于信号处理和机器学习技术的方法。我们从收集到的信号中提取了两个特征集，这两个特征集基于人体葡萄糖平衡系统的动态建模和葡萄糖曲线，其灵感来源于三种主要的葡萄糖相关血液测试。使用引导法对每个人的特征进行汇总。使用支持向量机对血糖正常者和糖尿病前期者进行分类。我们收集了 22 名参与者的数据进行评估。结果非常令人鼓舞，显示出较高的灵敏度和精确度。这项工作是一个概念验证，凸显了可穿戴设备在糖尿病前期评估中的潜力。未来的研究方向包括将研究扩大到更大规模、更多样化的人群，并探索将 CGM 和智能手表的功能整合到一个统一的设备中。还可以使用自动进食检测算法。

{"title":"Prediabetes detection in unconstrained conditions using wearable sensors","authors":"Dimitra Tatli , Vasileios Papapanagiotou , Aris Liakos , Apostolos Tsapas , Anastasios Delopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prediabetes is a common health condition that often goes undetected until it progresses to type 2 diabetes. Early identification of prediabetes is essential for timely intervention and prevention of complications. This research explores the feasibility of using wearable continuous glucose monitoring along with smartwatches with embedded inertial sensors to collect glucose measurements and acceleration signals respectively, for the early detection of prediabetes. We propose a methodology based on signal processing and machine learning techniques. Two feature sets are extracted from the collected signals, based both on a dynamic modeling of the human glucose-homeostasis system and on the Glucose curve, inspired by three major glucose related blood tests. Features are aggregated per individual using bootstrap. Support Vector Machines are used to classify normoglycemic vs. prediabetic individuals. We collected data from 22 participants for evaluation. The results are highly encouraging, demonstrating high sensitivity and precision. This work is a proof of concept, highlighting the potential of wearable devices in prediabetes assessment. Future directions involve expanding the study to a larger, more diverse population and exploring the integration of CGM and smartwatch functionalities into a unified device. Automated eating detecting algorithms can also be used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 163-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intervention of roasted cashew nut supplement against endothelial renal vasoconstriction disease in hypertensive rats exposed to mixed-fractionated petroleum products 烤腰果补充剂对暴露于混合馏分石油产品的高血压大鼠内皮肾血管收缩疾病的干预作用

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.005

J.K. Akintunde , A.O. Okunubi , O.A. Dosumu , A.T. Omidiran , A.D. Folayan , S.O. Salami

There have been increasing concerns about the great risks posed by petroleum products which contribute to the progression endothelial renal vasoconstriction and hypertension. This study aims to investigate the modulatory effects of Roasted cashew nut on rats induced with endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome upon exposure to mixed fractionated petroleum products (MFPP). Seventy male albino rats were randomized into seven (n=10) groups. Group I (normal control) was given distilled water. Group II was administered with MFPP (20 %/day). Group III was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + atenolol (50 mg/kg). Group IV was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + 10 % roasted cashew nut (10 %RCN). Group V was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + (20 %RCN). Group VI was treated with 10 %RCN while Group VII was treated with 20 %RCN. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test with P<0.05 considered significant. Oral RCN intervention prohibited endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome and hypertension by down-regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10, TNF-α, HIF-1, MCP-1 and p53 with a concomitant inhibition of the activities of arginase, phosphodiesterase-5¹ (PDE-5¹) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Furthermore, endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome was pointedly abrogated by treatment with RCN as depicted by the reduced activities of the enzymes of ATP hydrolysis (ATPase, ADPase, AMPase and ADA), AChE and MAO-A with a subsequent upsurge in the level of NO while the histological derangements caused by MFPP were completely abated. This study thus authenticates the proposition that RCN may be a valuable therapy in ameliorating apoptosis, renal pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes of ATP-hydrolysis in endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome and hypertensive rat model on exposure to MFPP.

人们越来越关注石油产品造成的巨大风险，因为石油产品会导致内皮肾血管收缩和高血压。本研究旨在探讨烤腰果对暴露于混合馏分石油产品（MFPP）后诱发内皮肾血管收缩综合征的大鼠的调节作用。将 70 只雄性白化大鼠随机分为 7 组（n=10）。I 组（正常对照组）给予蒸馏水。第二组服用中链氯化石蜡（20%/天）。第三组服用 MFPP（20%/天）+ 阿替洛尔（50 毫克/千克）。第四组：MFPP（20%/天）+ 10%烤腰果（10%RCN）。第五组：MFPP（20%/天）+（20%RCN）。第六组施用 10 %RCN，第七组施用 20 %RCN。数据采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）和邓肯多重范围检验进行分析，P<0.05 为显著性。口服 RCN 通过下调促炎细胞因子，包括 IL-10、TNF-α、HIF-1、MCP-1 和 p53，同时抑制精氨酸酶、磷酸二酯酶-51 (PDE-51) 和血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE) 的活性，从而抑制内皮肾血管收缩综合征和高血压。此外，ATP水解酶（ATP酶、ADP酶、AMP酶和ADA）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和MAO-A的活性降低，NO的水平随之升高，而MFPP引起的组织学变化则完全缓解，由此可见，RCN治疗可明显缓解内皮肾血管收缩综合征。因此，本研究证实了 RCN 可能是一种有价值的疗法，可改善内皮肾血管收缩综合征和高血压大鼠模型暴露于 MFPP 时的细胞凋亡、肾促炎细胞因子和 ATP- 水解酶。

{"title":"Intervention of roasted cashew nut supplement against endothelial renal vasoconstriction disease in hypertensive rats exposed to mixed-fractionated petroleum products","authors":"J.K. Akintunde , A.O. Okunubi , O.A. Dosumu , A.T. Omidiran , A.D. Folayan , S.O. Salami","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There have been increasing concerns about the great risks posed by petroleum products which contribute to the progression endothelial renal vasoconstriction and hypertension. This study aims to investigate the modulatory effects of Roasted cashew nut on rats induced with endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome upon exposure to mixed fractionated petroleum products (MFPP). Seventy male albino rats were randomized into seven (n=10) groups. Group I (normal control) was given distilled water. Group II was administered with MFPP (20 %/day). Group III was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + atenolol (50 mg/kg). Group IV was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + 10 % roasted cashew nut (10 %RCN). Group V was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + (20 %RCN). Group VI was treated with 10 %RCN while Group VII was treated with 20 %RCN. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test with <em>P</em><0.05 considered significant. Oral RCN intervention prohibited endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome and hypertension by down-regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10, TNF-α, HIF-1, MCP-1 and p53 with a concomitant inhibition of the activities of arginase, phosphodiesterase-5<sup>1</sup> (PDE-5<sup>1</sup>) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Furthermore, endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome was pointedly abrogated by treatment with RCN as depicted by the reduced activities of the enzymes of ATP hydrolysis (ATPase, ADPase, AMPase and ADA), AChE and MAO-A with a subsequent upsurge in the level of NO while the histological derangements caused by MFPP were completely abated. This study thus authenticates the proposition that RCN may be a valuable therapy in ameliorating apoptosis, renal pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes of ATP-hydrolysis in endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome and hypertensive rat model on exposure to MFPP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 183-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association between early postoperative food intake and postoperative hospital length of stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A retrospective observational single-center study 心脏手术患者术后早期食物摄入量与术后住院时间的关系：单中心回顾性观察研究

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.003

Eri Natsuhori , Takeshi Unoki

Background & Aims

Perioperative nutritional status is critical during the postoperative recovery process in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Several studies on patients undergoing cardiac surgery have reported low energy intake in early postoperative food intake via oral nutrition; however, no study has shown an association of low energy intake with postoperative hospital length of stay (LOS). This study aimed to determine whether early postoperative low food intake was associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods

This was a retrospective, observational, singlecenter study conducted in patients aged ≥18 years undergoing elective cardiac surgery from January 1, 2020, to May 31, 2023. Patients were categorized by food intake as food intake < 50% (low food intake group) and ≥ 50% (adequate food intake group) at lunch on postoperative day (POD) 3. The primary outcome of this study was the postoperative hospital LOS. A generalized linear model was used to examine the association between food intake and postoperative hospital LOS using the following explanatory variables: age, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II value, preoperative risk of malnutrition, activities of daily living status, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and C-reactive protein level.

Results

Of the 315 patients, 104 (33.0%) had a food intake of <50% on POD3. There were no significant differences in age, sex, EuroSCORE II value, and comorbidities between the two groups. Patients in the low-food intake group had a significantly lower Barthel Index (6.7% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.017) and a higher malnutrition risk according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form score (40.4% vs. 28.2%, p = 0.043). Food intake of <50% on POD3 was associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS (β = 1.135 [95% confidence interval: 1.004–1.262], p = 0.018).

Conclusions

Low food intake on POD3 is associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Early postoperative food intake should be closely monitored in patients after elective cardiac surgery.

背景& 目的在心脏手术患者的术后恢复过程中，围手术期的营养状况至关重要。多项关于心脏手术患者的研究报告称，术后早期通过口服营养摄入的食物能量摄入量较低；但是，没有研究表明能量摄入量低与术后住院时间（LOS）有关。本研究旨在确定接受心脏手术的患者术后早期低食物摄入是否与术后住院时间延长有关。方法这是一项回顾性、观察性、单中心研究，研究对象是 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 5 月 31 日期间接受择期心脏手术的年龄≥18 岁的患者。根据术后第 3 天（POD）午餐时的食物摄入量，将患者分为食物摄入量< 50%（食物摄入量低组）和≥50%（食物摄入量充足组）。采用广义线性模型研究了食物摄入量与术后住院时间之间的关系，并使用了以下解释变量：年龄、欧洲心脏手术风险评估系统（EuroSCORE）II值、术前营养不良风险、日常生活活动状况、序贯器官功能衰竭评估评分和C反应蛋白水平。两组患者在年龄、性别、EuroSCORE II 值和合并症方面无明显差异。低食物摄入组患者的巴特尔指数（Barthel Index）明显较低（6.7% 对 1.4%，P = 0.017），根据迷你营养评估简表评分，营养不良风险较高（40.4% 对 28.2%，P = 0.043）。POD3的食物摄入量为<50%与术后住院时间延长有关（β = 1.135 [95%置信区间：1.004-1.262]，p = 0.018）。应密切监测择期心脏手术患者术后早期的食物摄入量。

{"title":"The association between early postoperative food intake and postoperative hospital length of stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A retrospective observational single-center study","authors":"Eri Natsuhori , Takeshi Unoki","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background & Aims</h3><div>Perioperative nutritional status is critical during the postoperative recovery process in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Several studies on patients undergoing cardiac surgery have reported low energy intake in early postoperative food intake via oral nutrition; however, no study has shown an association of low energy intake with postoperative hospital length of stay (LOS). This study aimed to determine whether early postoperative low food intake was associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective, observational, singlecenter study conducted in patients aged ≥18 years undergoing elective cardiac surgery from January 1, 2020, to May 31, 2023. Patients were categorized by food intake as food intake < 50% (low food intake group) and ≥ 50% (adequate food intake group) at lunch on postoperative day (POD) 3. The primary outcome of this study was the postoperative hospital LOS. A generalized linear model was used to examine the association between food intake and postoperative hospital LOS using the following explanatory variables: age, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II value, preoperative risk of malnutrition, activities of daily living status, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and C-reactive protein level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 315 patients, 104 (33.0%) had a food intake of <50% on POD3. There were no significant differences in age, sex, EuroSCORE II value, and comorbidities between the two groups. Patients in the low-food intake group had a significantly lower Barthel Index (6.7% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.017) and a higher malnutrition risk according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form score (40.4% vs. 28.2%, p = 0.043). Food intake of <50% on POD3 was associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS (β = 1.135 [95% confidence interval: 1.004–1.262], p = 0.018).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Low food intake on POD3 is associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Early postoperative food intake should be closely monitored in patients after elective cardiac surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 146-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cancer predictive model derived from bioimpedance measurements using machine learning methods 利用机器学习方法从生物阻抗测量中得出癌症预测模型

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.006

José Luis García Bello , Taira Batista Luna , Agustín Garzón Carbonell , Ana de la Caridad Román Montoya , Alcibíades Lara Lafargue , Héctor Manuel Camué Ciria , Yohandys A. Zulueta

Objective

This work is aimed to develop a machine learning predictions of health status derived from bioimpedance measurements of adult healthy and cancer individuals.

Methods

We conducted a pilot random study containing 2881 female (1220) and male (1661) patients ranging in age between 19 to 96 years old are studied. Among of them, 33 are diagnosed with cancer disease, the rest are healthy. After balancing the initial data, the data of interest contains 1.460 individuals ranging in age between 19 and 93 years old (734 female and 726 male), with 704 diagnosed with cancer and 756 healthy, respectively. The bioimpedance parameters are obtained by measuring standard tetrapolar whole-body configuration. The bioimpedance analyser (BioScan98®) is used, collecting fundamental bioelectrical and other parameters of interest. A classification model are performed, followed by a prediction of phase angle and body mass index.

Results

The classification model reveal two robust parameters for predicting the health status, namely the impedance, the total body water and the phase angle with a 97%, 34% and 30 % of significance (respectively), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of AUC = 1.00. The phase angle predictions agrees with previous reports of other type of pathologies, where higher phase angle values is ascribed to better health status and male have larger values than female. Recommendations regarding the capacitive reactance as a robust parameter to inferring health status is discussed. The cubic support vector machine model shows great accuracy predicting the nutritional status based on body mass index of both healthy and cancer patients.

Conclusion

The classification, phase angle and body mass index predictive models developed in this work are of the great importance to assist the diagnosis, differentiating between healthy and cancer individual with great accuracy. Despite the moderate lack of body mass index association with cancer, this model can be used for prompt diagnosis.

方法我们进行了一项试验性随机研究，研究对象包括 2881 名女性（1220 名）和男性（1661 名）患者，年龄在 19 岁至 96 岁之间。其中，33 人确诊患有癌症，其余均为健康人。平衡初始数据后，相关数据包含 1.460 名年龄在 19 至 93 岁之间的患者（女性 734 人，男性 726 人），其中 704 人确诊为癌症，756 人健康。生物阻抗参数是通过测量标准四极全身配置获得的。使用生物阻抗分析仪（BioScan98®）收集基本生物电参数和其他相关参数。结果分类模型揭示了两个预测健康状况的可靠参数，即阻抗、身体总水分和相位角，其显著性分别为 97%、34% 和 30%，接收者工作特征曲线下面积 AUC = 1.00。相位角的预测结果与之前关于其他病理类型的报告一致，相位角值越高，健康状况越好，男性的相位角值比女性大。讨论了将电容电抗作为推断健康状况的稳健参数的建议。结论本研究中开发的分类、相位角和体重指数预测模型对于辅助诊断、准确区分健康人和癌症患者具有重要意义。尽管身体质量指数与癌症的关联度不高，但该模型仍可用于及时诊断。

{"title":"Cancer predictive model derived from bioimpedance measurements using machine learning methods","authors":"José Luis García Bello , Taira Batista Luna , Agustín Garzón Carbonell , Ana de la Caridad Román Montoya , Alcibíades Lara Lafargue , Héctor Manuel Camué Ciria , Yohandys A. Zulueta","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This work is aimed to develop a machine learning predictions of health status derived from bioimpedance measurements of adult healthy and cancer individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a pilot random study containing 2881 female (1220) and male (1661) patients ranging in age between 19 to 96 years old are studied. Among of them, 33 are diagnosed with cancer disease, the rest are healthy. After balancing the initial data, the data of interest contains 1.460 individuals ranging in age between 19 and 93 years old (734 female and 726 male), with 704 diagnosed with cancer and 756 healthy, respectively. The bioimpedance parameters are obtained by measuring standard tetrapolar whole-body configuration. The bioimpedance analyser (BioScan98®) is used, collecting fundamental bioelectrical and other parameters of interest. A classification model are performed, followed by a prediction of phase angle and body mass index.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The classification model reveal two robust parameters for predicting the health status, namely the impedance, the total body water and the phase angle with a 97%, 34% and 30 % of significance (respectively), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of AUC = 1.00. The phase angle predictions agrees with previous reports of other type of pathologies, where higher phase angle values is ascribed to better health status and male have larger values than female. Recommendations regarding the capacitive reactance as a robust parameter to inferring health status is discussed. The cubic support vector machine model shows great accuracy predicting the nutritional status based on body mass index of both healthy and cancer patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The classification, phase angle and body mass index predictive models developed in this work are of the great importance to assist the diagnosis, differentiating between healthy and cancer individual with great accuracy. Despite the moderate lack of body mass index association with cancer, this model can be used for prompt diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 131-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longer sitting times and bulk amounts of rice intake are associated with the increased risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases (MAFLD): A case-control study 久坐和大量摄入米饭与代谢功能障碍相关脂肪肝（MAFLD）的风险增加有关：一项病例对照研究

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.002

Shahinul Alam , Mahbuba Kawser , Saif Uddin Nisar Ahmed , Md Mahabubul Alam , Md Saiful Islam , Shayla Nasrin

Background and aims

One-third of the country suffers from metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) due to unhealthy, improper dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles. This study aimed to explore the specific diet and lifestyle factors responsible for MAFLD.

Methods

This case-control study was conducted among the source population (n=200 diagnosed with MAFLD criteria; n=100 healthy controls). Quantitative approaches, such as interviews, were applied to measure dietary practices and physical activity levels.

Results

Most (89.5%) of the MAFLD patients were obese, used to sedentary lifestyles (56.0%), and took outside foods (58.5%) than their counterparts (P<0.001). Moreover, nutrient intake analysis/day depicted that MAFLD patients consumed significantly higher amounts of total energy (2288.8 vs. 1570.8 kcal/day), calories from rice (1003.6 vs.795.2 Kcal/day), carbs (335.2 vs. 198.8 g/day), protein (97.9 vs. 85.9 g/day), fat (61.8 vs. 48.0 g/day) than controls. Nevertheless, 86.5% of MAFLD patients consumed a surplus of +268.6 kcal/day, indicating energy was not burnt through physical activities, while 89.0% of controls have negative energy balance (-360.4 kcal/day). Multivariable analyses revealed that >300 minutes sitting times (aOR=8.6), >300 g/day carbohydrate consumption (aOR=6.9), >950 kcal/day from rice (aOR=2.2), >50 g/day fat (aOR=2.9), ≤2000 Kcal/day energy-expenditure (aOR=2.9), BMI >25 kg/m² (Adjusted odds ratio=aOR=16.1), eating outside (aOR=7.4), being housewives (aOR=4.89), service-holders (aOR=4.12), >31 age group (aOR=2.9), are significant risk factors for MAFLD.

Conclusion

Longer sitting times, outside eating habits, more energy from carbohydrates, especially rice, and a daily positive energy balance lead to obesity and, consequently, an increased risk of MAFLD.

背景和目的由于不健康、不正确的饮食习惯和久坐不动的生活方式，我国有三分之一的人患有代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝（MAFLD）。本研究旨在探讨导致代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝的具体饮食和生活方式因素。方法本病例对照研究在来源人群中进行（诊断为代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝标准的人数=200；健康对照组人数=100）。结果大多数（89.5%）MAFLD 患者肥胖，习惯久坐不动的生活方式（56.0%），并比同类患者多吃外界食物（58.5%）（P<0.001）。此外，营养素摄入分析表明，MAFLD 患者每天摄入的总能量（2288.8 千卡/天 vs. 1570.8 千卡/天）、米饭热量（1003.6 千卡/天 vs. 795.2 千卡/天）、碳水化合物（335.2 克/天 vs. 198.8 克/天）、蛋白质（97.9 克/天 vs. 85.9 克/天）、脂肪（61.8 克/天 vs. 48.0 克/天）明显高于对照组。然而，86.5%的MAFLD患者每天摄入的能量盈余为+268.6千卡，这表明能量没有通过体力活动消耗掉，而89.0%的对照组患者的能量平衡为负（-360.4千卡/天）。多变量分析表明，坐 300 分钟（aOR=8.6）、每天摄入 300 克碳水化合物（aOR=6.9）、每天从米饭中摄入 950 千卡热量（aOR=2.2）、>50 克/天脂肪（aOR=2.9）、≤2000 千卡/天能量消耗（aOR=2.9）、体重指数（BMI）>25 千克/平方米（调整后的几率比=aOR=16.1）、在外就餐（aOR=7.结论久坐时间长、外出就餐习惯、更多能量来自碳水化合物（尤其是米饭）以及每日正能量平衡会导致肥胖，进而增加罹患 MAFLD 的风险。

{"title":"Longer sitting times and bulk amounts of rice intake are associated with the increased risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases (MAFLD): A case-control study","authors":"Shahinul Alam , Mahbuba Kawser , Saif Uddin Nisar Ahmed , Md Mahabubul Alam , Md Saiful Islam , Shayla Nasrin","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>One-third of the country suffers from metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) due to unhealthy, improper dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles. This study aimed to explore the specific diet and lifestyle factors responsible for MAFLD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control study was conducted among the source population (n=200 diagnosed with MAFLD criteria; n=100 healthy controls). Quantitative approaches, such as interviews, were applied to measure dietary practices and physical activity levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most (89.5%) of the MAFLD patients were obese, used to sedentary lifestyles (56.0%), and took outside foods (58.5%) than their counterparts (P<0.001). Moreover, nutrient intake analysis/day depicted that MAFLD patients consumed significantly higher amounts of total energy (2288.8 vs. 1570.8 kcal/day), calories from rice (1003.6 vs.795.2 Kcal/day), carbs (335.2 vs. 198.8 g/day), protein (97.9 vs. 85.9 g/day), fat (61.8 vs. 48.0 g/day) than controls. Nevertheless, 86.5% of MAFLD patients consumed a surplus of +268.6 kcal/day, indicating energy was not burnt through physical activities, while 89.0% of controls have negative energy balance (-360.4 kcal/day). Multivariable analyses revealed that >300 minutes sitting times (aOR=8.6), >300 g/day carbohydrate consumption (aOR=6.9), >950 kcal/day from rice (aOR=2.2), >50 g/day fat (aOR=2.9), ≤2000 Kcal/day energy-expenditure (aOR=2.9), BMI >25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (Adjusted odds ratio=aOR=16.1)<strong>,</strong> eating outside (aOR=7.4), being housewives (aOR=4.89), service-holders (aOR=4.12), >31 age group (aOR=2.9), are significant risk factors for MAFLD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Longer sitting times, outside eating habits, more energy from carbohydrates, especially rice, and a daily positive energy balance lead to obesity and, consequently, an increased risk of MAFLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 275-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-caffeine green tea supplementation reduced lithium serum levels and the relative abundance of microbiota in women with obesity: A case study 补充低咖啡因绿茶可降低肥胖女性的锂血清水平和微生物群的相对丰度：案例研究

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.012

Natália Yumi Noronha , Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues , Vanessa Fernandes Rodrigues , Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti , Luzânia dos Santos Martins , Luísa Maria Diani , Heitor Bernardes Pereira Delfino , Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel , Lígia Moriguchi Watanabe , Wellington Tavares de Sousa Júnior , Déborah Araújo Morais , Fernando Barbosa Júnior , Fabiani Gai Frantz , Daniela Carlos , Carla Barbosa Nonino

Background

Green tea (GT) polyphenols play an important and known role in the oxidative and inflammatory response due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-obesity properties. However, its relation to the detoxification of toxic metals and its possible effect remains unknown.

Purpose

The present study investigated the relationship between GT intake, toxic metals detoxification, and gut microbiota in obesity.

Methods

Each participant in the group initially received 56 capsules of low-caffeine GT from the Solaray® brand. After four weeks of supplementation, another 56 capsules were given, totaling 112. All assessments were performed pre- and post-GT intervention. Serum metal levels were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (PerkinElmer, NexION 2000 B, Waltham, MA, EUA, EUA). Fecal DNA was extracted using the QIAmp® Fast DNA Stool MiniKit (QIAGEN).

Results

Intervention with GT did not promote changes in the clinical or metabolic data evaluated. However, GT supplementation led to a significant decrease of 48% in Lithium concentration in the post-intervention period compared to the pre-intervention period. This study also observes the prebiotic effect of green tea in modulating Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.

Conclusions

The GT effect of Lithium reduction is a new finding in the literature. There is a lack of investigation to address the effects of the components of the GT in lithium excretion, and we attribute this effect to the trace amount of caffeine.

背景绿茶（GT）多酚因其抗氧化、抗炎、抗高血糖和抗肥胖的特性，在氧化和炎症反应中发挥着重要的已知作用。本研究调查了GT摄入量、有毒金属解毒和肥胖症肠道微生物群之间的关系。方法研究组的每位参与者最初服用56粒Solaray®品牌的低咖啡因GT胶囊。经过四周的补充后，再服用 56 粒，共计 112 粒。所有评估均在GT干预前后进行。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（PerkinElmer，NexION 2000 B，Waltham，MA，EUA，EUA）测定血清金属含量。使用 QIAmp® Fast DNA Stool MiniKit（QIAGEN）提取粪便 DNA。但是，与干预前相比，补充 GT 后，干预后的锂浓度显著下降了 48%。本研究还观察到绿茶在调节类杆菌和固缩菌方面的益生作用。目前还缺乏针对 GT 成分对锂排泄影响的研究，我们将这种影响归因于微量咖啡因。

{"title":"Low-caffeine green tea supplementation reduced lithium serum levels and the relative abundance of microbiota in women with obesity: A case study","authors":"Natália Yumi Noronha , Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues , Vanessa Fernandes Rodrigues , Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti , Luzânia dos Santos Martins , Luísa Maria Diani , Heitor Bernardes Pereira Delfino , Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel , Lígia Moriguchi Watanabe , Wellington Tavares de Sousa Júnior , Déborah Araújo Morais , Fernando Barbosa Júnior , Fabiani Gai Frantz , Daniela Carlos , Carla Barbosa Nonino","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Green tea (GT) polyphenols play an important and known role in the oxidative and inflammatory response due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-obesity properties. However, its relation to the detoxification of toxic metals and its possible effect remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The present study investigated the relationship between GT intake, toxic metals detoxification, and gut microbiota in obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Each participant in the group initially received 56 capsules of low-caffeine GT from the Solaray® brand. After four weeks of supplementation, another 56 capsules were given, totaling 112. All assessments were performed pre- and post-GT intervention. Serum metal levels were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (PerkinElmer, NexION 2000 B, Waltham, MA, EUA, EUA). Fecal DNA was extracted using the QIAmp® Fast DNA Stool MiniKit (QIAGEN).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Intervention with GT did not promote changes in the clinical or metabolic data evaluated. However, GT supplementation led to a significant decrease of 48% in Lithium concentration in the post-intervention period compared to the pre-intervention period. This study also observes the prebiotic effect of green tea in modulating <em>Bacteroidetes</em> and <em>Firmicutes</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The GT effect of Lithium reduction is a new finding in the literature. There is a lack of investigation to address the effects of the components of the GT in lithium excretion, and we attribute this effect to the trace amount of caffeine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 252-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0